Biosystems Engineering最新文献_第5页

XDEM simulation of an industrial-scale rotary drum dryer for organo-mineral fertiliser 工业规模有机肥转鼓干燥机的XDEM模拟

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104320

Cem Korkmaz , İlyas Kacar

Organo-mineral fertilisers are primarily produced through rotary drum dryers with traditional methods, limiting scalability and introducing significant production challenges. This study explores the organo-mineral fertiliser's drying simulation accuracy, particle residence time, bulk flow path, heat and mass transfer, breakage, agglomeration, and wear, employing a four-way coupling between computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the extended discrete element method (XDEM). Novelty lies in the four-way coupling, the fertiliser type, and a particle-mixture material corresponding to next-generation nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilisers. In the simulations, axial-symmetric, planar, and 3D rotary drum domains are investigated. The experiments are performed on an industrial dryer within its operating range. According to the root mean square error (RMSE), the XDEM simulations showed good agreement with the experimental data, with RMSE values of 0.5 % for moisture content, 0.8–7.5 °C for temperature, 1.46 % for granule breakup, 0.58 % for coalescence and accretion, and 1.247 × 10⁻⁹ kg m⁻² s⁻¹ for erosion. Normalised computational burdens are 1, 0.8681, and 0.4438 for full, axial, and planar domains, respectively. By collecting XDEM, this study provides a foundational framework for the automation of the fertiliser production line.

有机矿物肥料主要通过传统方法的转鼓干燥机生产，限制了可扩展性并引入了重大的生产挑战。本研究采用计算流体力学（CFD）和扩展离散元法（XDEM）之间的四向耦合，探讨了有机无机肥料的干燥模拟精度、颗粒停留时间、体积流道、传热传质、破碎、团聚和磨损。新颖之处在于四向耦合、肥料类型和与下一代氮磷钾肥料相对应的颗粒混合材料。在模拟中，研究了轴对称、平面和三维转鼓区域。实验在工业干燥机的工作范围内进行。根据均方根误差（RMSE）， XDEM模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好，水分含量RMSE值为0.5%，温度RMSE值为0.8 ~ 7.5℃，颗粒破碎RMSE值为1.46%，聚并和吸积RMSE值为0.58%，侵蚀RMSE值为1.247 × 10−9 kg m−2 s−1。对于全域、轴向域和平面域，归一化计算负担分别为1、0.8681和0.4438。通过对XDEM的采集，为化肥生产线的自动化提供了一个基础框架。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental research on straw movement patterns in cross-slope strip tillage based on MBD-DEM coupling 基于MBD-DEM耦合的跨坡带状耕作秸秆运动规律试验研究

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104337

Hang Li , Jin He , Hongwen Li , Chao Wang , Zhaoyang Guo , Zhengyang Wu , Quanyu Wang , Hanyu Yang , Lu Tan

Due to the significant lateral undulation of sloped farmland, existing strip tillage machinery exhibits poor lateral profiling capabilities, severely affecting the effectiveness of cross-slope strip tillage operations. Based on the straw distribution and soil characteristics of sloped farmland in Northeast-China, this study conducted soil angle of repose tests and basic inclined plane experiments using a 2D LiDAR to determine the contact parameters between straw and soil components. A soil-straw composite model is established under different slopes. Using MBD-DEM coupled simulations, the performance of a straw strip clearing device (SSCD) was analysed under varying front tilt angles (FTAs), side tilt angles (STAs), working speeds (WSs), and working depths (WDs). The optimal operating parameters for the SSCD were determined to be 30°, 20°, 3 m s⁻¹, and 150 mm, respectively. By analysing the trajectories of straw of four different lengths on the sowing strip above and the sowing strip below under different slopes, it was concluded that heavier straw was more affected by slope than lighter straw. Field test results indicated that at a 0° slope, the straw clearing rate (SCR) was 98.1 % for the sowing-strip below and 98.4 % for the sowing-strip above, with a difference of 0.3 %. At a 6° slope, the SCR was 93.3 % for the sowing-strip below and 97.8 % for the sowing-strip above, with a difference of 4.5 %. The discrepancies between simulation and field results were not significant. The designed device meets the agronomic requirements for cross-slope tillage on sloped farmland.

由于坡耕地横向起伏较大，现有带状耕作机械横向剖面能力较差，严重影响了跨坡带状耕作作业的有效性。基于东北坡耕地秸秆分布和土壤特征，利用二维激光雷达进行土壤休止角试验和基本斜面试验，确定秸秆与土壤组分的接触参数。建立了不同坡度下的土壤-秸秆复合模型。采用MBD-DEM耦合仿真，分析了不同前倾角（FTAs）、侧倾角（STAs）、工作速度（WSs）和工作深度（WDs）下秸秆清除装置（SSCD）的性能。SSCD的最佳工作参数分别为30°、20°、3 m s - 1和150 mm。通过分析不同坡度下4种不同长度秸秆在上、下播带上的生长轨迹，得出较重秸秆受坡度影响较大的结论。田间试验结果表明，在0°坡度下，秸秆清除率（SCR）为98.1%，高于0°坡度的播种带为98.4%，两者相差0.3个百分点。坡度为6°时，播种带下的SCR为93.3%，播种带上的SCR为97.8%，差异为4.5%。模拟结果与现场结果差异不显著。所设计的装置能满足斜田跨坡耕作的农艺要求。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting energy needs in mechanically ventilated Broiler houses in South Korea using a building energy simulation-driven algorithm 使用建筑能源模拟驱动算法预测韩国机械通风肉鸡舍的能源需求

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104317

Kyeong-seok Kwon , Jong-bok Kim , Byeonghyeon Kim , Dong-hwa Jang , Vandet Pann , Jae-eun Kim , Taehwan Ha

Accurately predicting energy needs in livestock farms is vital for efficient design and operation. A lack of research on energy requirements in livestock facilities has often resulted in a reliance on empirical knowledge rather than data. This study addresses this gap by using Building Energy Simulation to assess and predict the thermal characteristics of broiler houses. Numerical simulations under 17,280 experimental conditions were conducted to determine cooling and heating energy needs based on regional climate data, building specifications, orientation, insulation, and broiler occupancy. Meteorological and internal climate variables were used to compute sensible and latent heat production and ventilation requirements. The simulation model was validated against multiple broiler rearing periods using experimental data. Validation results showed a Normalized Mean Bias Error of 0.7806 %, a Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Square Error of 9.7510 %, and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 3.824 %. Regression models for energy needs were developed for nine administrative divisions, four orientations, and twelve insulation configurations. These findings reduce construction costs and improve operational efficiency. Additionally, a regression-based application was developed to predict heating and cooling energy needs, providing an intuitive tool for farm owners and consultants to support decision-making in broiler house construction and energy management.

准确预测畜牧场的能源需求对于高效设计和运营至关重要。由于缺乏对牲畜设施能源需求的研究，往往导致依赖经验知识而不是数据。本研究通过使用建筑能源模拟来评估和预测肉鸡鸡舍的热特性，解决了这一差距。根据区域气候数据、建筑规格、朝向、隔热和肉鸡占用情况，在17,280个实验条件下进行了数值模拟，以确定制冷和供暖能源需求。使用气象和内部气候变量来计算感热和潜热产生以及通风要求。利用实验数据对仿真模型进行了多期肉鸡饲养试验验证。验证结果显示，归一化平均偏倚误差为0.7806%，均方根误差变异系数为9.7510%，平均绝对百分比误差为3.824%。针对9个行政区划、4个朝向和12种绝缘配置，建立了能源需求的回归模型。这些发现降低了施工成本，提高了作业效率。此外，还开发了一个基于回归的应用程序来预测供暖和制冷能源需求，为养殖户和顾问提供了一个直观的工具，以支持肉鸡舍建设和能源管理方面的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the impact of drying temperature on Camellia oleifera fruit shelling through shrinkage strain, case hardening and microstructure 通过收缩应变、表面硬化和微观结构研究干燥温度对油茶果实脱壳的影响

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104325

Pei Yang , Hanyu Fu , Penggeng Sun , Liuyang Ren , Zhaohui Zheng , Yanlong Bu , Deyong Yang

Timely drying and shelling of high moisture fresh Camellia oleifera fruits can prevent seed spoilage, but the degree of splitting in the C. oleifera shells can affect seed separation from the shells during drying, reduce postharvest processing efficiency and lead to seed loss. Exploring the shell shrinkage induced by different drying temperatures (45, 55, 65, 75, and 85 °C) is helpful to understand the shelling mechanism and improve the shelling ratio. A universal testing machine was used to measure the elastic modulus of the shells at various moisture contents under different temperatures, and a mathematical model was established to describe the relationship between temperature, moisture content, and elastic modulus. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe changes in the microstructure of the shell after drying at different temperatures. Results showed that at higher temperatures (75 and 85 °C), the shelling ratio decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing transverse fruit diameter, while lower temperatures (45, 55 and 65 °C) were more favourable for shelling. The elastic modulus of the C. oleifera shells exhibited an exponential relationship with moisture content at test temperatures, showing a sharp increase when the moisture content dropped below 0.5 (d.b.). Elevated temperatures accelerated case hardening, thereby reducing shell shrinkage strain. SEM results indicated that higher drying temperatures caused more severe damage to the microstructure of the shell. This study provides theoretical foundation for reducing postharvest losses and improving processing efficiency through optimised drying process for C. oleifera fruits.

对高水分新鲜油茶果及时干燥脱壳可以防止种子变质，但油茶果壳的分裂程度会影响干燥过程中种子与壳的分离，降低采后加工效率，导致种子损失。探讨不同干燥温度（45、55、65、75、85℃）对壳的收缩影响，有助于了解脱壳机理，提高脱壳率。利用万能试验机对不同温度下不同含水率下的壳弹性模量进行了测试，建立了温度、含水率与弹性模量关系的数学模型。采用扫描电镜（SEM）观察不同温度下干燥后壳的微观结构变化。结果表明，在较高温度（75℃和85℃）下，果实脱壳率随温度升高和果横径减小而降低，而较低温度（45℃、55℃和65℃）更有利于脱壳。在试验温度下，油松壳的弹性模量与含水率呈指数关系，当含水率低于0.5 （d.b.）时，弹性模量急剧增加。高温加速了壳体硬化，从而降低了壳体收缩应变。SEM结果表明，越高的干燥温度对壳的微观结构的破坏越严重。本研究为油葵果实优化干燥工艺，减少采后损失，提高加工效率提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Gap analysis of existing agricultural data exchange standards for automated controlled traffic farming systems 自动控制交通农业系统现有农业数据交换标准的差距分析

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104321

Henri Hornburg, Timo Oksanen

Mixed fleets of agricultural machines require standardised data exchange formats to allow seamless communication between machines of different brands. While ISO 11783 is a very successful standard for tractor-implement communication and ISO-XML is widely used to transfer data between tractors and farm management systems, these existing standards cannot represent all information that is necessary to enable automated Controlled Traffic Farming systems. In order to create a base for future developments, this paper collects the features that need to be represented in an agricultural data exchange standard. Furthermore, these requirements are compared to two well-known data exchange formats: ISO-XML and ADAPT. While neither of the two standards can represent all required features, there are small differences in what data can be represented.

混合的农业机群需要标准化的数据交换格式，以允许不同品牌的机器之间的无缝通信。虽然ISO 11783是拖拉机实现通信的一个非常成功的标准，ISO- xml被广泛用于在拖拉机和农场管理系统之间传输数据，但这些现有的标准并不能代表实现自动化控制交通农业系统所需的所有信息。为了给未来的发展打下基础，本文收集了农业数据交换标准中需要表示的特征。此外，还将这些需求与两种众所周知的数据交换格式进行了比较：ISO-XML和ADAPT。虽然这两个标准都不能表示所有必需的特性，但是在可以表示的数据方面存在细微的差异。

引用次数: 0

Study on multi phase flow characteristics and anti-clogging mechanism of liquid fertiliser distributors using CFD-DEM coupling method 基于CFD-DEM耦合方法的液肥分布器多相流特性及防堵塞机理研究

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104324

Peijie Guo , Jiahui Yu , Peilin Zhong , Yuxiang Chen , Haiying Wang , Yu Chen , Jun Chen , Shuo Zhang , Aiping Xiao

As the core component of precision liquid fertiliser application systems, the anti-clogging mechanisms of liquid fertiliser distributors remain critical theoretical deficiencies. This study employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) to construct the flow fields of solid-liquid two-phase flow within the distributor. The accuracy of the simulation was validated through experimental testing. Based on the simulation process, by analysing the reasons for the formation of the flow fields, the study investigates the motion characteristics of liquid fertiliser in rotating flow fields and at fertiliser outlets under different rotational speeds. The basic movement trend of fibre particles was expounded. The mechanism by which fibre particles are smoothly discharged from the distributor was explored. The results indicate that the velocity distribution within the distributor's internal flow field is inversely correlated with the rotational radius. Across 180–540 rpm, negative-pressure vortices can influence pulse-boosting effects within the flow field and the adsorption of particles onto baffles. The outlet pressures formed four synchronised groups (1,5,9/2,6,10/3,7,11/4,8,12), with pulse delays decreasing from 0.10 s (180 rpm) to 0.03 s (540 rpm) as speed increased, simultaneously enhancing synchronicity. The discharge of particles depends on the magnitude of velocity fluctuations, which can be modulated through rotor speed adjustments to prevent the retention of fibre particles and enhance discharge efficiency. These findings provide theoretical support for the design of high-viscosity fluid rotational distribution devices and have engineering guidance value for improving the anti-clogging performance of precision fertilisation equipment.

液肥分布器作为精密液肥施用系统的核心部件，其防堵塞机理在理论上仍存在严重不足。本研究采用计算流体力学（CFD）和离散元法（DEM）构建了分布器内固液两相流的流场。通过实验验证了仿真的准确性。在模拟过程的基础上，通过分析流场形成的原因，研究了不同转速下液体肥料在旋转流场和肥料出口处的运动特性。阐述了纤维颗粒的基本运动趋势。探讨了纤维颗粒从分配器中顺利排出的机理。结果表明，分布器内部流场的速度分布与旋转半径呈负相关。在180-540转/分范围内，负压涡可以影响流场内的脉冲增强效应和颗粒在挡板上的吸附。出口压力形成4个同步组（1、5、9/2、6、10/3、7、11/4、8、12），随着速度的增加，脉冲延迟从0.10 s （180 rpm）减少到0.03 s (540 rpm)，同时增强了同步性。颗粒的放电取决于速度波动的大小，可以通过调整转子转速来调节，以防止纤维颗粒的滞留，提高放电效率。研究结果为高粘度流体旋转分配装置的设计提供了理论支持，对提高精密施肥设备的抗堵塞性能具有工程指导价值。

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引用次数: 0

DEM contact parameters of rice seed for mechanical seeding performance analysis 水稻种子机械播种性能DEM接触参数分析

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104298

Shun Zhang , Zhaoyang Cai , Hailong He , Fuming Kuang , Wei Xiong , Dequan Zhu , Zhaodong Li , Mehari Z. Tekeste

Discrete Element Method (DEM) technique has been a preferred computational modelling technique for simulation of non-spherical rice grains interacting with equipment. Measurement of DEM micro-mechanical contact parameters to approximate macro-scale material behaviour of irregular-shaped grain-to-equipment interaction is still a challenge. DEM rice model shape approximation, DEM contact parameters calibration and validation study was developed for rice seed and for predicting seeding performance of mechanical seed-metering device. The experimental design of sensitivity analysis, steepest ascent and central composite, and then optimisation was successively implemented to determine DEM contact parameters of multi-sphere rice DEM model and matching to physics-based data of seeding mechanical metering indices. The inter-particle static and rolling friction coefficients are founded to be the main DEM contact parameters affecting the rice seed metering using a mechanical seed-metering device, and their optimal values are 0.445 and 0.059, respectively. The validation test shows that all the errors of frequency of seed number per seeding hole between simulation and bench test are less than 1.4, and the errors for predicting miss-seeding rate, qualified rate and reseeding rate are less than 0.13 %. The findings of this work show an accurate and fast calibration method of DEM contact parameters suitable for ellipsoidal rice seed, which provides a method reference of DEM contact parameters calibration that can be implemented for mechanical-based metering of non-spherical.

离散元法（DEM）技术已成为非球形米粒与设备相互作用模拟的首选计算建模技术。测量DEM微机械接触参数以近似不规则形状颗粒-设备相互作用的宏观材料行为仍然是一个挑战。对水稻种子进行了DEM模型形状逼近、DEM接触参数标定和验证研究，并对机械量种装置的播种性能进行了预测。通过灵敏度分析、最陡爬坡、中心复合、再优化的试验设计，确定了多球水稻DEM模型的DEM接触参数，并与基于物理的播种机械计量指标数据进行了匹配。发现颗粒间静摩擦系数和滚动摩擦系数是影响机械排种装置排种的主要DEM接触参数，其最优值分别为0.445和0.059。验证试验表明，模拟与台架试验的每孔种子数频率误差均小于1.4，预测漏播率、合格率和补播率误差均小于0.13%。研究结果提出了一种适合椭球形水稻种子的DEM接触参数准确、快速标定方法，为非球形水稻种子的机械计量提供了DEM接触参数标定方法参考。

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引用次数: 0

An adaptive sliding window LSTM with attention model for predicting tractor emissions 拖拉机排放预测的自适应滑动窗口LSTM注意模型

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104323

Xiuning Hou , Xuemin Zhang , Xiangan Chen , Jing Xu , Kunyu Wang , Hao Song

Agricultural machinery pollutant emissions are an important component of non-road mobile sources. The accurate prediction of agricultural machinery pollutant emissions is crucial for the development of virtual sensors, internal design of agricultural machinery, and the calculation of actual regional emissions. This paper proposes an adaptive sliding window dual-stage attention based long short-term memory (ASW-DA-LSTM) model to predict the actual emission rate of pollutants from tractors. A variable input window length mechanism was designed based on actual tractor data obtained from an on-board diagnostics system and portable emission measurement system to better capture local fluctuation information in the time series and then combined with the dual-stage attention mechanism LSTM for prediction. Finally, qualitative and quantitative experimental results indicated that compared to other models, the ASW-DA-LSTM model had advantages in predicting tractor emissions: higher prediction accuracy, smaller prediction error at mutation points, and better generalisation performance.

农业机械污染物排放是非道路移动源的重要组成部分。农业机械污染物排放的准确预测对于虚拟传感器的开发、农业机械的内部设计以及实际区域排放的计算至关重要。本文提出了一种基于双阶段注意的自适应滑动窗口长短期记忆（ASW-DA-LSTM）模型，用于预测拖拉机污染物的实际排放量。基于车载诊断系统和便携式排放测量系统获取的拖拉机实际数据，设计了可变输入窗长机制，以更好地捕捉时间序列中的局部波动信息，并结合双级注意机制LSTM进行预测。定性和定量实验结果表明，与其他模型相比，ASW-DA-LSTM模型在预测拖拉机排放方面具有预测精度高、突变点预测误差小、泛化性能好的优点。

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引用次数: 0

Discharge performance study and vane structure optimisation of a rotary centrifugal fertiliser hole-applied discharge device 旋转离心肥料孔施装置的卸料性能研究及叶片结构优化

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104318

Xinhe Shan , Bingxin Yan , Yanxin Yin , Liwei Li , Qingzhen Zhu , Anqi Zhang , Chunjiang Zhao , Zhijun Meng , Guangwei Wu

In this study, the optimisation of the vanes of a rotary centrifugal fertiliser hole-applied discharge device was conducted to enhance the fertiliser unloading ratio and hole formation performance. Based on fertiliser application dynamics analysis, the influence of vane structures on fertiliser clusters projection was revealed, elucidating the design mechanisms concerning vane shape, number, and inclination angle. The DEM was employed to simulate fertiliser unloading and hole formation characteristics. An indicator weighting evaluation model based on matrix analysis was constructed to quantify the contribution of vane parameters to discharge performance. Simulation results indicated that the order of significance of the factors was number > inclination angle > shape, with the optimal configuration being 2 vanes, an inclination angle of −20°, and a backward-curved 3 mm. Bench tests conducted with the optimal design revealed that at forward speeds of 4–8 km h⁻¹ and hole spacing of 0.20–0.30 m, compound fertiliser hole lengths ranged from 73–145 mm with a coefficient of variation of 9 %–15 %, while small-granule urea urea hole lengths ranged from 76–107 mm with a coefficient of variation of 6 %–11 %, with 100 % fertiliser unloading ratio for both fertilisers. The optimised vanes demonstrated excellent discharge performance, validating the potential of rotary centrifugal fertiliser application for hole formation, providing valuable insights for the design and optimisation of fertiliser hole-applied discharge devices.

本研究对旋转离心式肥料孔施装置叶片进行了优化，以提高肥料卸料比和成孔性能。基于施肥动态分析，揭示了叶片结构对肥料簇投影的影响，阐明了叶片形状、叶片数量和叶片倾角的设计机理。利用DEM模拟肥料卸荷和成孔特征。建立了基于矩阵分析的指标加权评价模型，量化叶片参数对排风性能的贡献。仿真结果表明，各影响因素的重要程度依次为：叶片数量>；倾角>；形状，最优配置为2片叶片，倾角为- 20°，后弯3mm。试验结果表明，在前进速度为4 ~ 8 km h−1、孔距为0.20 ~ 0.30 m的条件下，复合肥孔长度为73 ~ 145 mm，变异系数为9% ~ 15%；小颗粒尿素孔长度为76 ~ 107 mm，变异系数为6% ~ 11%，两种肥料的卸肥率均为100%。优化后的叶片显示出优异的排出性能，验证了旋转离心施肥在井眼形成中的潜力，为设计和优化施肥井眼排出装置提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Crawler comb brush type Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine based on the multi-element main branch model 履带式梳刷式油茶果采摘机基于多元件主分支机型

IF 5.3 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biosystems Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104327

Fengxin Yan , Xujie Li , Yaoyao Zhu , Zefeng Ma , Naimov Alisher

Camellia oleifera, a globally significant oil crop cultivated in southern China and Southeast Asia, faces a critical efficiency-preservation dilemma during mechanised harvesting due to the coexistence of fruits and flower buds. Excessive flower bud damage during harvesting adversely impacts subsequent fruit yields. To address challenges in mechanised harvesting, including prolonged equipment development cycles and insufficient mechanistic studies, this research constructed a multi-element branch model (36 fruits, 65 flower buds, and branches) through field surveys and physical experiments. The model's validity was confirmed via damped vibration testing. A crawler comb-brush harvester was designed based on fruit dropping mechanisms, with a rigid-flexible coupled simulation developed using ANSYS and ADAMS to streamline the optimisation process. Field trials identified optimal parameters: picking finger speed of 263.30 r min⁻¹, brush speed of 13.96 r min⁻¹, and device tilt angle of 1.55°. These settings achieved a harvesting rate of 116.72 kg h⁻¹, with 91.57 % fruit dropping and only 9.21 % flower bud loss, meeting design targets. Experimental results demonstrated minimal deviations (0.92 % for fruit, 1.99 % for flower bud) from quadratic polynomial predictions, validating the virtual prototype's alignment with real-world conditions. This work demonstrates a validated framework for resolving the fruit-bud coexistence conflict in Camellia oleifera harvesting, offering targeted design strategies for efficient and bud-preserving mechanised systems.

在采收过程中，过度的花芽损害会对随后的果实产量产生不利影响。针对机械化采收存在的设备开发周期长、机理研究不足等问题，本研究通过实地调查和物理实验，构建了包含36个果实、65个花蕾和枝条的多元素分枝模型。通过阻尼振动试验验证了模型的有效性。设计了一种基于落果机构的履带式梳刷收割机，并利用ANSYS和ADAMS进行了刚柔耦合仿真，简化了优化过程。现场试验确定了最佳参数：采摘指速263.30 r min - 1，刷速13.96 r min - 1，设备倾角1.55°。这些设置的采收率为116.72 kg h−1，果实掉落率为91.57%，花蕾损失率仅为9.21%，达到了设计目标。实验结果表明，与二次多项式预测的偏差最小（水果为0.92%，花蕾为1.99%），验证了虚拟样机与现实世界条件的一致性。这项工作展示了解决油茶收获中果芽共存冲突的有效框架，为高效和保芽的机械化系统提供了有针对性的设计策略。

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引用次数: 0