J. R. Wartu, A. Diya, B. Abdullahi, H. Dapiya, L. M. Yaki, B. Musa
Abstract: Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Aim: The aim of this research was to carry out an assessment of the incidence of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7 in sun dried tomatoes using PCR. Study Design: Cross sectional study.
{"title":"Polymerase Chain Reaction, Characterization and Antibiogram of Conventional Antibiotics on Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Isolated from Sundried Tomatoes within Kaduna, Nigeria","authors":"J. R. Wartu, A. Diya, B. Abdullahi, H. Dapiya, L. M. Yaki, B. Musa","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/22290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/22290","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Aim: The aim of this research was to carry out an assessment of the incidence of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7 in sun dried tomatoes using PCR. Study Design: Cross sectional study.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80494455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The risk of infections associated with microbiological quality of swimming pools in Kumasi was investigated. A variety of microorganisms can be found in swimming pools and similar recreational water environments which may be introduced in a number of ways. In many cases, the risk of illness or infection has been linked to faecal contamination of the water. Many of the outbreaks related to swimming pools would have been prevented or reduced if the pool had been well managed. Sixty (60) samples were collected from five hotels within three months, five samples in the afternoon and five samples in the morning. The samples were analyzed for the presence of Staphylococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Enterococcus spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, total heterotrophic bacteria count, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, total coliform and faecal coliform using Plate Count Method and Multiple Tube Fermentation-Most Probable Number method respectively. Almost all the water Original Research Article Adetunde and Ninkuu; BMRJ, 15(4): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.24125 2 samples were contaminated with Staphylococcus spp ranging from 7 x 10 cfu/ml to 16 x 10 cfu/ml, Pseudomonas spp ranging from 4 x 10 cfu/ml to 19 x 10 cfu/ml, Enterococci spp ranging from 12 x 10 cfu/ml to 14 x 10 cfu/ml, Total Heterotrophic bacteria count ranging from 6 x 10 cfu/ml to 13 x 10 cfu/ml, Total and Faecal coliform ranging from 4 to 6 MPN/100 ml and 0-4 MPN/100 ml respectively. Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Vibrio cholerae were not detected in all the water samples. E. coli was isolated in one swimming pool of the hotels while Enterococcus spp were isolated in two swimming pools. There were differences in bacteriological quality of the water samples obtained from the swimming pools.
{"title":"Potential Infections Linked to the Microbiological Quality of Swimming Pools _Kumasi, Ghana, West Africa","authors":"L. Adetunde, V. Ninkuu","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24125","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of infections associated with microbiological quality of swimming pools in Kumasi was investigated. A variety of microorganisms can be found in swimming pools and similar recreational water environments which may be introduced in a number of ways. In many cases, the risk of illness or infection has been linked to faecal contamination of the water. Many of the outbreaks related to swimming pools would have been prevented or reduced if the pool had been well managed. Sixty (60) samples were collected from five hotels within three months, five samples in the afternoon and five samples in the morning. The samples were analyzed for the presence of Staphylococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Enterococcus spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, total heterotrophic bacteria count, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, total coliform and faecal coliform using Plate Count Method and Multiple Tube Fermentation-Most Probable Number method respectively. Almost all the water Original Research Article Adetunde and Ninkuu; BMRJ, 15(4): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.24125 2 samples were contaminated with Staphylococcus spp ranging from 7 x 10 cfu/ml to 16 x 10 cfu/ml, Pseudomonas spp ranging from 4 x 10 cfu/ml to 19 x 10 cfu/ml, Enterococci spp ranging from 12 x 10 cfu/ml to 14 x 10 cfu/ml, Total Heterotrophic bacteria count ranging from 6 x 10 cfu/ml to 13 x 10 cfu/ml, Total and Faecal coliform ranging from 4 to 6 MPN/100 ml and 0-4 MPN/100 ml respectively. Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Vibrio cholerae were not detected in all the water samples. E. coli was isolated in one swimming pool of the hotels while Enterococcus spp were isolated in two swimming pools. There were differences in bacteriological quality of the water samples obtained from the swimming pools.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79016687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preety Chaudhary, V. Sharma, A. Chaudhary, S. Chaturwedi, A. Shrestha
Aims: This study was performed to identify the enteric fever cases by both blood culture and Widal agglutination test and compare the results obtained from both methods. Study Design: This research was carried out as hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Blood samples collected aseptically from patients suspecting enteric fever were processed for identification of Salmonella species by blood culture and Widal agglutination test. The isolates were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing according to CLSI guidelines. Total 1269 samples from the suspected patients were enrolled for this study and statistical analysis of the result was done by using 16.0 versions of SPSS. Results: Among suspected patients studied, 70 (71%) and 29 (29%) cases were confirmed to be infected with S. typhi and S. paratyphi A respectively from blood culture. Out of total sera processed for Widal test, 263 samples gave agglutination with titre more than 1/80. The study showed sensitivity of 81.4% and specificity of 84.4%, positive predictive value of 31.5% and negative Original Research Article Chaudhary et al.; BMRJ, 16(5): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.26141 2 predictive value of 98.2% and the efficiency 84.4% of Widal test in compare to blood culture. S. typhi isolates sensitive to the classical first line drugsamoxycillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole were 94.3%, 97.1% and 97.1% respectively while S. paratyphi A isolates sensitive were 68.9%, 96.5%, and 93.1% respectively. Fifty eight (82.9%) S. typhi isolates were nalidixic acid resistance while 25(86.2%) S. paratyphi A were nalidixic acid resistant. Also, 3(3.03%) multi-drug resistant isolates were confirmed to be nalidixic acid resistant. Conclusion: The study showed blood culture remains the gold standard for enteric fever diagnosis. Widal test alone either positive or negative should not be considered confirmatory for enteric fever However cut-off titre can be taken in the diagnosis and Widal test can be helpful in making a presumptive diagnosis of typhoid fever if interpreted with care. Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone were the most effective drugs for enteric fever cases.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Blood Culture and Widal Agglutination Test from the Patients Suspected of Enteric Fever","authors":"Preety Chaudhary, V. Sharma, A. Chaudhary, S. Chaturwedi, A. Shrestha","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/26141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/26141","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study was performed to identify the enteric fever cases by both blood culture and Widal agglutination test and compare the results obtained from both methods. Study Design: This research was carried out as hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Blood samples collected aseptically from patients suspecting enteric fever were processed for identification of Salmonella species by blood culture and Widal agglutination test. The isolates were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing according to CLSI guidelines. Total 1269 samples from the suspected patients were enrolled for this study and statistical analysis of the result was done by using 16.0 versions of SPSS. Results: Among suspected patients studied, 70 (71%) and 29 (29%) cases were confirmed to be infected with S. typhi and S. paratyphi A respectively from blood culture. Out of total sera processed for Widal test, 263 samples gave agglutination with titre more than 1/80. The study showed sensitivity of 81.4% and specificity of 84.4%, positive predictive value of 31.5% and negative Original Research Article Chaudhary et al.; BMRJ, 16(5): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.26141 2 predictive value of 98.2% and the efficiency 84.4% of Widal test in compare to blood culture. S. typhi isolates sensitive to the classical first line drugsamoxycillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole were 94.3%, 97.1% and 97.1% respectively while S. paratyphi A isolates sensitive were 68.9%, 96.5%, and 93.1% respectively. Fifty eight (82.9%) S. typhi isolates were nalidixic acid resistance while 25(86.2%) S. paratyphi A were nalidixic acid resistant. Also, 3(3.03%) multi-drug resistant isolates were confirmed to be nalidixic acid resistant. Conclusion: The study showed blood culture remains the gold standard for enteric fever diagnosis. Widal test alone either positive or negative should not be considered confirmatory for enteric fever However cut-off titre can be taken in the diagnosis and Widal test can be helpful in making a presumptive diagnosis of typhoid fever if interpreted with care. Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone were the most effective drugs for enteric fever cases.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79300344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saadullah Khan Leghari, M. Asrar, Sana Sheikh, T. Ismail, Anwar Khan
The micro fungal flora of the mud and water of Hanna Lake in Quetta district was investigated during 2015, using Baiting techniques. Apart from Mycotypha sp, the flora of Hanna Lake was essentially same and similar to those recorded by other authors for temperate lakes and river. Fusarium solani was the only species isolated consistently from mud and water through out the year and it is a true aquatic fungus. Other species showed a distinct seasonal pattern. Many of these included common phylloplane fungi such as Alternaria sp and Botrytis cinerea. The changes occurred in the fungal flora on leaves of Eucalyptus sp after immersion in water was studied and it was shown that phylloplane population declined quite rapidly. There was evidence that the decaying leaves were colonized by Fusarium solani and Pythium proliferum.
{"title":"Study of Aquatic Fungi and Their Role in Putrefaction of Allochthonous Leaves at Hanna Lake (Balochistan)","authors":"Saadullah Khan Leghari, M. Asrar, Sana Sheikh, T. Ismail, Anwar Khan","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27391","url":null,"abstract":"The micro fungal flora of the mud and water of Hanna Lake in Quetta district was investigated during 2015, using Baiting techniques. Apart from Mycotypha sp, the flora of Hanna Lake was essentially same and similar to those recorded by other authors for temperate lakes and river. Fusarium solani was the only species isolated consistently from mud and water through out the year and it is a true aquatic fungus. Other species showed a distinct seasonal pattern. Many of these included common phylloplane fungi such as Alternaria sp and Botrytis cinerea. The changes occurred in the fungal flora on leaves of Eucalyptus sp after immersion in water was studied and it was shown that phylloplane population declined quite rapidly. There was evidence that the decaying leaves were colonized by Fusarium solani and Pythium proliferum.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81634072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Itodo Sunday Ewaoche, I. Otu-Bassey, Margaret Nabagenyi, S. Utsalo
Hepatitis B is a growing worldwide public health issue today. The pathologies are responsible for considerable increase in healthcare expenses despite the widely recognized public health authority to keep then under control. Facts and figures have hitherto been misconstrued as regards Eligibility for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in most hospitals in Nigeria. This Cross-sectional study therefore is to evaluate the prevalence and determine the proportion of the female sex workers and prison inmates eligible for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Calabar. Methods: Preliminary screening was done with a highly specific and sensitive HBsAg strip. Reactive samples were analyzed for hepatitis B markers using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) kits. Chemistry and hematology analyzers were employed in carrying out LFT and FBC. Results: The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.72%. The prevalence rate of 8.16% and 4.70% were recorded for the female sex workers and prison inmates respectively. A significant proportion of the inmates were chronically living with the virus and are eligible for treatment going by the APRI scores. Infections were significantly associated with the use of unsterilized equipment for tattooing and injection drug use. Conclusion: The low observed intraprison and interbrothels prevalence of HBV underscore the need to vaccinate the inmates and sex workers population.
{"title":"Prevalence and Eligibility for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection among Prison Inmates and Female Sex Workers in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"Itodo Sunday Ewaoche, I. Otu-Bassey, Margaret Nabagenyi, S. Utsalo","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27331","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B is a growing worldwide public health issue today. The pathologies are responsible for considerable increase in healthcare expenses despite the widely recognized public health authority to keep then under control. Facts and figures have hitherto been misconstrued as regards Eligibility for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in most hospitals in Nigeria. This Cross-sectional study therefore is to evaluate the prevalence and determine the proportion of the female sex workers and prison inmates eligible for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Calabar. Methods: Preliminary screening was done with a highly specific and sensitive HBsAg strip. Reactive samples were analyzed for hepatitis B markers using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) kits. Chemistry and hematology analyzers were employed in carrying out LFT and FBC. Results: The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.72%. The prevalence rate of 8.16% and 4.70% were recorded for the female sex workers and prison inmates respectively. A significant proportion of the inmates were chronically living with the virus and are eligible for treatment going by the APRI scores. Infections were significantly associated with the use of unsterilized equipment for tattooing and injection drug use. Conclusion: The low observed intraprison and interbrothels prevalence of HBV underscore the need to vaccinate the inmates and sex workers population.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81697231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization of AmpC β-lactamases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) among E. coli isolates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology and Biotechnology, An-Najah National University, Palestine, during February-April 2015. Methodology: A total 52 isolates of E. coli were recovered from different hospitals and private labs in Jennin district-Palestine. These isolates were used to detect ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases using phenotypic tests and molecular techniques. Results: The prevalence of ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases using conventional methods was 32.7% and 26.9%, respectively. Whereas, the prevalence using PCR technique was 67.3% and 5.8% for ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases, respectively. TEM gene was the dominant (82.9%) Original Research Article Adwan and Jaber; BMRJ, 11(5): 1-13, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.22631 2 among E. coli that carried ESβL genes. Other genes were (0.0%), (2.9%) and (15.4%) for CTX-M, SHV and OXA genes, respectively. Whereas, AmpC β-lactamases only DHA gene was detected and the prevalence was (5.8%). Molecular analysis by construction phylogenetic tree showed that all sequenced TEM, SHV, OXA and DHA genes were belonged to TEM-1, SHV-1, OXA-1 and DHA-1, respectively. ERIC results showed that these strains were diverse and unrelated clones. Conclusions: Our results showed high frequency of ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases among E. coli isolates in Palestine. According to these results we recommend the continuous monitoring and surveillance of the prevalence, proper control and prevention practices and effective antibiotic use will limit the further spread of Amp-C β-lactamases and ESβLs producing isolates within hospitals in Palestine.
{"title":"Frequency and Molecular Characterization of β-lactamases Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from North of Palestine","authors":"G. Adwan, A. Jaber","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/22631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/22631","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization of AmpC β-lactamases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) among E. coli isolates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology and Biotechnology, An-Najah National University, Palestine, during February-April 2015. Methodology: A total 52 isolates of E. coli were recovered from different hospitals and private labs in Jennin district-Palestine. These isolates were used to detect ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases using phenotypic tests and molecular techniques. Results: The prevalence of ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases using conventional methods was 32.7% and 26.9%, respectively. Whereas, the prevalence using PCR technique was 67.3% and 5.8% for ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases, respectively. TEM gene was the dominant (82.9%) Original Research Article Adwan and Jaber; BMRJ, 11(5): 1-13, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.22631 2 among E. coli that carried ESβL genes. Other genes were (0.0%), (2.9%) and (15.4%) for CTX-M, SHV and OXA genes, respectively. Whereas, AmpC β-lactamases only DHA gene was detected and the prevalence was (5.8%). Molecular analysis by construction phylogenetic tree showed that all sequenced TEM, SHV, OXA and DHA genes were belonged to TEM-1, SHV-1, OXA-1 and DHA-1, respectively. ERIC results showed that these strains were diverse and unrelated clones. Conclusions: Our results showed high frequency of ESβLs and AmpC β-lactamases among E. coli isolates in Palestine. According to these results we recommend the continuous monitoring and surveillance of the prevalence, proper control and prevention practices and effective antibiotic use will limit the further spread of Amp-C β-lactamases and ESβLs producing isolates within hospitals in Palestine.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84229993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work out in collaboration between both the authors. Author SP conceived and designed the study. Author JF carried out the experiments and author SP performed the analysis of data. Author JF wrote the first draft of the manuscript and managed the literature searches. Author SP edited and proofread the final manuscript. Both authors read approved the final ABSTRACT Aims: To isolate biosurfactant producers from natural habitat and to test the antimicrobial activity of the extracted biosurfactant against fungal plant pathogens. activity. Potent biosurfactant producing isolates were biochemically characterized and identified up to genus level using Bergey’s manual. Biosurfactant was extracted by chloroform: Methanol method. Characterization of extracted biosurfactant was done using blue agar plate and orcinol assay. Agar well diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial activity of biosurfactants. Ability of the biosurfactants to provide protection against fungal plant pathogens was demonstrated in vivo using wheat and peanut plant seedlings. Results: Three isolates BMW1, BMW2 and BPS1 showing good biosurfactant activity were selected for biosurfactant production. They belonged to genus Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus . Extraction of culture supernatant gave white residue which was used in further studies as biosurfactant. The biosurfactant produced by isolates BMW1 and BPS1 was glycolipid anionic biosurfactant while CTAB medium indicated non-ionic nature of biosurfactant from BMW2. Biosurfactant extracted from all three isolates showed good antimicrobial activity. Biosurfactant produced by BMW1 and BPS1 most effectively protected peanut plantlets from Sclerotium rolfsii infection and wheat plantlets from Rhizoctonia solani infection respectively. Conclusion: Our study suggested a strategy for eliminating plant pathogenic fungi by using microbial biosurfactants.
{"title":"Evaluating Efficacy of Biosurfactants from Bacterial Isolates in Conferring Protection against Rhizoctonia and Sclerotium Infection in Wheat and Peanut Plants","authors":"Janki Fulwala, S. Prabhu","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/27097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/27097","url":null,"abstract":"This work out in collaboration between both the authors. Author SP conceived and designed the study. Author JF carried out the experiments and author SP performed the analysis of data. Author JF wrote the first draft of the manuscript and managed the literature searches. Author SP edited and proofread the final manuscript. Both authors read approved the final ABSTRACT Aims: To isolate biosurfactant producers from natural habitat and to test the antimicrobial activity of the extracted biosurfactant against fungal plant pathogens. activity. Potent biosurfactant producing isolates were biochemically characterized and identified up to genus level using Bergey’s manual. Biosurfactant was extracted by chloroform: Methanol method. Characterization of extracted biosurfactant was done using blue agar plate and orcinol assay. Agar well diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial activity of biosurfactants. Ability of the biosurfactants to provide protection against fungal plant pathogens was demonstrated in vivo using wheat and peanut plant seedlings. Results: Three isolates BMW1, BMW2 and BPS1 showing good biosurfactant activity were selected for biosurfactant production. They belonged to genus Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus . Extraction of culture supernatant gave white residue which was used in further studies as biosurfactant. The biosurfactant produced by isolates BMW1 and BPS1 was glycolipid anionic biosurfactant while CTAB medium indicated non-ionic nature of biosurfactant from BMW2. Biosurfactant extracted from all three isolates showed good antimicrobial activity. Biosurfactant produced by BMW1 and BPS1 most effectively protected peanut plantlets from Sclerotium rolfsii infection and wheat plantlets from Rhizoctonia solani infection respectively. Conclusion: Our study suggested a strategy for eliminating plant pathogenic fungi by using microbial biosurfactants.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84369556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabbee, Musammat Kulsuma Begum, Islam, Parveen Afroz Chowdhury, O. Chowdhury, F. Zohora, Pijush Sutradhar, K. Islam, A. Azad
{"title":"Multidrug Resistance Phenotype and Plasmid Profiling of Escherichia coli Isolates Causing Urinary Tract Infections in North East Part of Bangladesh","authors":"Rabbee, Musammat Kulsuma Begum, Islam, Parveen Afroz Chowdhury, O. Chowdhury, F. Zohora, Pijush Sutradhar, K. Islam, A. Azad","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27393","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78283172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: To establish organisms persistent in a table water production facility and to determine the points they entered in order to eliminate any risk of having pathogens in a water production system. Study Design: Analytic observational studies Place and Duration of Study: Bottling facility in Nigeria and University of Nottingham, United Kingdom. Study was between August 2011 and Sept 2013. Methodology: Sample control points were subjected to counts of bacteria, yeasts, and mold using membrane filtration to trace the source of increased bacteria counts in a table water production factory. Organisms were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and biofilm formation was assessed Original Research Article Nwaiwu and Nwachukwu; BMRJ, 13(5): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.24378 2 with micro titer dish biofilm formation analysis. Results: Total bacteria and Pseudomonas Spp. count were highest in the carbon filter and 5% (v/v) chlorine used for disinfection was found to be effective against planktonic cells of 18 hour cultures of Pseudomonas Spp. isolated from the carbon filter tank. No yeasts and mold were detected and after a sand blasting exercise to clean affected tanks, total bacteria counts on tryptone glucose extract medium decreased to less than factory allowable limits of 25 cfu per 100 ml of water with no further growth of Pseudomonas Spp. on centrimide medium. Other bacteria that emerged after the sand blasting exercise were regarded as persistent but had less biofilm forming ability (p=.02) when compared with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The persistent bacteria identified after sequencing were Aeromonas hydrophila and Serratia proteamaculans. Conclusion: Apart from Pseudomonas Spp., other bacteria can persist in the water tanks of a water bottling facility and routine checks may fail to detect an underlying problem until it becomes obvious. Prompt corrective action ensures that public safety is not compromised. This was the first time Aeromonas hydrophila and Serratia proteamaculans were identified from the water tanks in the bottling facility.
{"title":"Detection and Molecular Identification of Persistent Water Vessel Colonizing Bacteria in a Table Water Factory in Nigeria","authors":"O. Nwaiwu, M. Nwachukwu","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24378","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To establish organisms persistent in a table water production facility and to determine the points they entered in order to eliminate any risk of having pathogens in a water production system. Study Design: Analytic observational studies Place and Duration of Study: Bottling facility in Nigeria and University of Nottingham, United Kingdom. Study was between August 2011 and Sept 2013. Methodology: Sample control points were subjected to counts of bacteria, yeasts, and mold using membrane filtration to trace the source of increased bacteria counts in a table water production factory. Organisms were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and biofilm formation was assessed Original Research Article Nwaiwu and Nwachukwu; BMRJ, 13(5): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.24378 2 with micro titer dish biofilm formation analysis. Results: Total bacteria and Pseudomonas Spp. count were highest in the carbon filter and 5% (v/v) chlorine used for disinfection was found to be effective against planktonic cells of 18 hour cultures of Pseudomonas Spp. isolated from the carbon filter tank. No yeasts and mold were detected and after a sand blasting exercise to clean affected tanks, total bacteria counts on tryptone glucose extract medium decreased to less than factory allowable limits of 25 cfu per 100 ml of water with no further growth of Pseudomonas Spp. on centrimide medium. Other bacteria that emerged after the sand blasting exercise were regarded as persistent but had less biofilm forming ability (p=.02) when compared with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The persistent bacteria identified after sequencing were Aeromonas hydrophila and Serratia proteamaculans. Conclusion: Apart from Pseudomonas Spp., other bacteria can persist in the water tanks of a water bottling facility and routine checks may fail to detect an underlying problem until it becomes obvious. Prompt corrective action ensures that public safety is not compromised. This was the first time Aeromonas hydrophila and Serratia proteamaculans were identified from the water tanks in the bottling facility.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81400397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Oyinloye, M. Osunkwo, B. Taki-Mohd, B. Ajayi, M. Lawan
The profile of four hepatitis B virus markers [Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) class against the hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc), Hepatitis B surface antibody (Anti-HBs) and Hepatitis B envelop antigen (HBeAg)] among pregnant women (n=91), with mean age of 25.96 years, were determined using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. A significant (p=0.00001) overall sero-prevalence of 8.79%, 36.26%, 6.59% and 7.65% were observed for HBsAg, Anti-HBs, IgM anti-HBc and HBeAg respectively. Forty seven point three percent were susceptible (HBsAg , IgM anti-HBc -ve and anti-HBs) to hepatitis B virus infection. One of thirteen pregnant women tested positive for HBsAg and HBeAg; this portends high risk of transmission to the fetus. This result portrays the unreliability of using presence of HBsAg as the Short Research Article Oyinloye et al.; BMRJ, 11(3): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.18201 2 sole marker for hepatitis B virus infection, high susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of transmission of HBV to fetuses.
{"title":"Maternal Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Serologic Markers among Attendees of a Secondary Health Facility in Maiduguri, Nigeria","authors":"S. Oyinloye, M. Osunkwo, B. Taki-Mohd, B. Ajayi, M. Lawan","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/18201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/18201","url":null,"abstract":"The profile of four hepatitis B virus markers [Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) class against the hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc), Hepatitis B surface antibody (Anti-HBs) and Hepatitis B envelop antigen (HBeAg)] among pregnant women (n=91), with mean age of 25.96 years, were determined using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. A significant (p=0.00001) overall sero-prevalence of 8.79%, 36.26%, 6.59% and 7.65% were observed for HBsAg, Anti-HBs, IgM anti-HBc and HBeAg respectively. Forty seven point three percent were susceptible (HBsAg , IgM anti-HBc -ve and anti-HBs) to hepatitis B virus infection. One of thirteen pregnant women tested positive for HBsAg and HBeAg; this portends high risk of transmission to the fetus. This result portrays the unreliability of using presence of HBsAg as the Short Research Article Oyinloye et al.; BMRJ, 11(3): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.18201 2 sole marker for hepatitis B virus infection, high susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of transmission of HBV to fetuses.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82250499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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