Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamases are the main cause of resistance to beta lactam antibiotics in members of Enterobacteriaceae. ESBL associated infections are on a rise worldwide and have become a serious public health problem. We aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing E. coli isolates recovered from various clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile of ESBL positive isolates. Methodology: A total of 300 isolates of E. coli were collected from various clinical specimens between the study period of 2011 to 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done. ESBL detection was carried out by CLSI Phenotypic confirmatory method. Molecular typing of ESBLs was performed by uniplex PCR among 100 ESBL isolates. The bla CTX-M strains were genotyped by sequencing of PCR product. Nucleotide sequences were submitted to Gen Bank and accession numbers were obtained. Results: 61% isolates were found to be ESBL producers. ESBL and non-ESBL producers compared among in- and out-patients gave statistically significant result ( P value=0.002 ). All ESBL isolates (100%) were sensitive to imipenem. Overall 93.9% ESBL producers and 67.5% non-Original ESBLs were Multi Drug Resistant (Resistance to 3 or more class of antibiotics). The difference was statistically significant ( P value=0.001). Majority of the typeable isolates harboured two or more ESBL genes (52%). Sequencing was done for 10 randomly selected bla CTX-M PCR products and majority (90%) were identified as CTXM-15 belonging to CTX-M Cluster-1 while 1 0f 10 (10%) was identified as CTX-M- 27 belonging to CTX-M Cluster-9 on blast analysis. Deduced nucleotide sequences were submitted to Gen Bank. The accession numbers obtained from Gen Bank are KU946005-KU946009. Conclusion: Our study shows high ESBL occurrence among E.coli isolates and highlights the incidence CTX-M-27 for the first time from North India.
{"title":"Detection and Molecular Characterization of ESBLs in E. coli Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India with Special Attention to CTX-M-27","authors":"N. Anand, A. Asthana, M. Madan","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/27860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/27860","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamases are the main cause of resistance to beta lactam antibiotics in members of Enterobacteriaceae. ESBL associated infections are on a rise worldwide and have become a serious public health problem. We aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing E. coli isolates recovered from various clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile of ESBL positive isolates. Methodology: A total of 300 isolates of E. coli were collected from various clinical specimens between the study period of 2011 to 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done. ESBL detection was carried out by CLSI Phenotypic confirmatory method. Molecular typing of ESBLs was performed by uniplex PCR among 100 ESBL isolates. The bla CTX-M strains were genotyped by sequencing of PCR product. Nucleotide sequences were submitted to Gen Bank and accession numbers were obtained. Results: 61% isolates were found to be ESBL producers. ESBL and non-ESBL producers compared among in- and out-patients gave statistically significant result ( P value=0.002 ). All ESBL isolates (100%) were sensitive to imipenem. Overall 93.9% ESBL producers and 67.5% non-Original ESBLs were Multi Drug Resistant (Resistance to 3 or more class of antibiotics). The difference was statistically significant ( P value=0.001). Majority of the typeable isolates harboured two or more ESBL genes (52%). Sequencing was done for 10 randomly selected bla CTX-M PCR products and majority (90%) were identified as CTXM-15 belonging to CTX-M Cluster-1 while 1 0f 10 (10%) was identified as CTX-M- 27 belonging to CTX-M Cluster-9 on blast analysis. Deduced nucleotide sequences were submitted to Gen Bank. The accession numbers obtained from Gen Bank are KU946005-KU946009. Conclusion: Our study shows high ESBL occurrence among E.coli isolates and highlights the incidence CTX-M-27 for the first time from North India.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77237428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasites among patients in Taiz city. Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out on patients visiting general and hospitals in Taiz, Yemen during April to September 2014. Methodology: A total of 330 stool samples were collected from patients and analyzed by direct wet mount and formal ether concentration techniques. Furthermore, sociodemographic data were collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 38.2%. The most predominant parasites found was Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (20.6%) followed by Giardia duodenalis (12.7%), respectively. Other parasites detected included Ascaris lumbricoides (3%), Hymenolepis nana (0.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (0.9%). Multivariate analysis confirmed that drinking untreated water, not washing hands after defecation and contact with animals was a significant risk factor with parasitic infections. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that intestinal parasitic infections are still a public Original Research Article AL-Harazi; BMRJ, 16(3): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.28317 2 health problem in Yemen. Statistical analysis indicated that low personal hygiene, lack of access to potable water and contact with animals were important predictors for intestinal parasitic infections. Hence, improving the knowledge on local risk factors such as contact with domestic animal, health status and personal hygiene is warranted.
{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Patients in Taiz City, Yemen","authors":"T. al-harazi","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/28317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/28317","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasites among patients in Taiz city. Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out on patients visiting general and hospitals in Taiz, Yemen during April to September 2014. Methodology: A total of 330 stool samples were collected from patients and analyzed by direct wet mount and formal ether concentration techniques. Furthermore, sociodemographic data were collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 38.2%. The most predominant parasites found was Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (20.6%) followed by Giardia duodenalis (12.7%), respectively. Other parasites detected included Ascaris lumbricoides (3%), Hymenolepis nana (0.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (0.9%). Multivariate analysis confirmed that drinking untreated water, not washing hands after defecation and contact with animals was a significant risk factor with parasitic infections. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that intestinal parasitic infections are still a public Original Research Article AL-Harazi; BMRJ, 16(3): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.28317 2 health problem in Yemen. Statistical analysis indicated that low personal hygiene, lack of access to potable water and contact with animals were important predictors for intestinal parasitic infections. Hence, improving the knowledge on local risk factors such as contact with domestic animal, health status and personal hygiene is warranted.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"9 4","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91471760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Babalola, A. Oluyege, O. Lawal, O. Akinduro, A. O. Igbalajobi
Aims: To investigate the age occurrence of typhoid fever, antibiotics susceptibility profile of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing gram negative bacteria recovered from the blood culture of widal positive patients attending Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Original Research Article Babalola et al.; BMRJ, 12(3): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.22810 2 from AugustNovember, 2011. Methodology: Widal status of patients was detected using Widal Agglutination test kits. Demographic data descriptively analysed using tables and statistical software (SPSS 17 version). Isolates were identified using standard methods, subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method and extended spectrum beta-lactamase production (ESBL) detection done by Double Disc Synergy Test. Results: A total of 99 samples were examined, 86 subjected to widal test before blood culture and 13 cultured directly. Widal result showed that 42 (48.8%) had a titer of 1:160 and above. The disease has the highest rate of occurrence among the females, 18 (18.2%) females were positive as against 8 (8.1%) males and age group 20-29 years with 12 (13.95%) patients. Overall typhoid prevalence was found to be 26 (30.23%). Out of which, age group 20-29years 12 (13.95%) and adult age group 6 (7%) recorded the highest prevalence respectively. Nine different bacteria genera were isolated from the blood culture, 13 (36.1%) strains of Klebsiella specie was found to be predominant among the gram negative bacteria isolated. The recovered isolates all showed (100%) resistance to ceftazidime (30 μg), augmentin (30 μg) and ampicillin (10 μg), cefuroxime (30 μg) (94.4%), gentamycin (10 μg) (47.2%), ciprofloxacin (5 μg) (25%) and Ofloxacin (5 μg) (25%). Fourteen (38.9%) of the recovered isolates showed ESBLs patterns. Cefuroxime showed synergism with amoxcillin-clavulanic acid in 8 (57.1%) of the bacteria isolates. Conclusion: The recovery of gram negative ESBLs bacteria 14 (38.9%) from the blood culture of widal presumptively diagnosed typhoid patients suggests that a laboratory culture proven result is advisable to be the most definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever. We suggest that antibiotic therapy should not be initiated regardless of the widal antibody titre until the blood culture result has proven to be positive for typhoid fever.
{"title":"Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacteria from Widal Positive Patients in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital","authors":"J. Babalola, A. Oluyege, O. Lawal, O. Akinduro, A. O. Igbalajobi","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/22810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/22810","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the age occurrence of typhoid fever, antibiotics susceptibility profile of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing gram negative bacteria recovered from the blood culture of widal positive patients attending Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Original Research Article Babalola et al.; BMRJ, 12(3): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.22810 2 from AugustNovember, 2011. Methodology: Widal status of patients was detected using Widal Agglutination test kits. Demographic data descriptively analysed using tables and statistical software (SPSS 17 version). Isolates were identified using standard methods, subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method and extended spectrum beta-lactamase production (ESBL) detection done by Double Disc Synergy Test. Results: A total of 99 samples were examined, 86 subjected to widal test before blood culture and 13 cultured directly. Widal result showed that 42 (48.8%) had a titer of 1:160 and above. The disease has the highest rate of occurrence among the females, 18 (18.2%) females were positive as against 8 (8.1%) males and age group 20-29 years with 12 (13.95%) patients. Overall typhoid prevalence was found to be 26 (30.23%). Out of which, age group 20-29years 12 (13.95%) and adult age group 6 (7%) recorded the highest prevalence respectively. Nine different bacteria genera were isolated from the blood culture, 13 (36.1%) strains of Klebsiella specie was found to be predominant among the gram negative bacteria isolated. The recovered isolates all showed (100%) resistance to ceftazidime (30 μg), augmentin (30 μg) and ampicillin (10 μg), cefuroxime (30 μg) (94.4%), gentamycin (10 μg) (47.2%), ciprofloxacin (5 μg) (25%) and Ofloxacin (5 μg) (25%). Fourteen (38.9%) of the recovered isolates showed ESBLs patterns. Cefuroxime showed synergism with amoxcillin-clavulanic acid in 8 (57.1%) of the bacteria isolates. Conclusion: The recovery of gram negative ESBLs bacteria 14 (38.9%) from the blood culture of widal presumptively diagnosed typhoid patients suggests that a laboratory culture proven result is advisable to be the most definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever. We suggest that antibiotic therapy should not be initiated regardless of the widal antibody titre until the blood culture result has proven to be positive for typhoid fever.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74268155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Palpperumal, S. Sankaralingam, D. Kathiresan, B. Harinathan, T. Shankar, D. Prabhu
A study was conducted to partially purify and characterize a haloalkaline protease isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
对铜绿假单胞菌中分离的一种盐碱性蛋白酶进行了部分纯化和鉴定。
{"title":"Partial Purification and Characterization of a Haloalkaline Protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"S. Palpperumal, S. Sankaralingam, D. Kathiresan, B. Harinathan, T. Shankar, D. Prabhu","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/26289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/26289","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to partially purify and characterize a haloalkaline protease isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76184350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lem Edith Abongwa, N. Ngum, N. Edouard, Nfor Germaine, C. Fokunang
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly decreased the mortality and morbidity of children living with HIV by reducing the viral load, increase CD4 count thus improving the health of HIV clients. This study seeks to assess the impact of ART on CD4+ Cell Count, weight and haemoglobin level (Hb) in children residing in Nkambe in the North West Region. Methodology: A total of 130 HIV infected children within the age range of 5 months to 15years were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected and used to measure CD4+ and Hb concentrations. Their weights were taken measured using an electronic balance. Hb levels were used to categorized anaemia while growth was assessed using the z scored of weight for age. Results: Results showed that there was a significant increase (P=0.00) in the mean CD4+, Hb and weight after ART intervention. The prevalence of non-anaemia was higher 52(40.0%) after intervention compared to 30 (23.1%) at the beginning. After initiation, 30 (23.1%), 46(35.4%) and 11(8.5%) children experienced a decrease in their CD4, Hb and weight values, respectively. Of the 30 children with decreased CD4 count, 30(100.0%) were anaemic and 11 (36.7%) were underweight. More females 47(78.3%) experienced increase in CD4 + count while the male children were non anaemic 29(41.4%) and experienced an increase in weight 61(87.1%). Most children of the age group 6-10 years experienced an increase in CD4 + 26(89.7%), Hb 15(51.7%), and weight 25(86.2%) compared to the other age groups. Conclusion: The use of ART to treat HIV-infected children is effective as it has improved the health of children. In addition this study reinforces the finding that anaemia, low CD4 and poor growth are common among children living with HIV infection.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on CD4, Hemoglobin Level and Weight in HIV Infected Children (0-15 Years) Residing in Nkambe, North West Region, Cameroon","authors":"Lem Edith Abongwa, N. Ngum, N. Edouard, Nfor Germaine, C. Fokunang","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/26088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/26088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly decreased the mortality and morbidity of children living with HIV by reducing the viral load, increase CD4 count thus improving the health of HIV clients. This study seeks to assess the impact of ART on CD4+ Cell Count, weight and haemoglobin level (Hb) in children residing in Nkambe in the North West Region. Methodology: A total of 130 HIV infected children within the age range of 5 months to 15years were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected and used to measure CD4+ and Hb concentrations. Their weights were taken measured using an electronic balance. Hb levels were used to categorized anaemia while growth was assessed using the z scored of weight for age. Results: Results showed that there was a significant increase (P=0.00) in the mean CD4+, Hb and weight after ART intervention. The prevalence of non-anaemia was higher 52(40.0%) after intervention compared to 30 (23.1%) at the beginning. After initiation, 30 (23.1%), 46(35.4%) and 11(8.5%) children experienced a decrease in their CD4, Hb and weight values, respectively. Of the 30 children with decreased CD4 count, 30(100.0%) were anaemic and 11 (36.7%) were underweight. More females 47(78.3%) experienced increase in CD4 + count while the male children were non anaemic 29(41.4%) and experienced an increase in weight 61(87.1%). Most children of the age group 6-10 years experienced an increase in CD4 + 26(89.7%), Hb 15(51.7%), and weight 25(86.2%) compared to the other age groups. Conclusion: The use of ART to treat HIV-infected children is effective as it has improved the health of children. In addition this study reinforces the finding that anaemia, low CD4 and poor growth are common among children living with HIV infection.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81983426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ilyas, S. Andleeb, M. Babar, R. Mustafa, Irsa Shafique, A. Zafar, Shaukat Ali
Aims: There is an escalating requirement for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of zoonotic diseases. Herbal plants have always been the best source of therapeutic agents. Study Design: Biological activities of medicinal plants. and 29 June, 2015. Methodology: In current research work biological properties of various extracts of medicinal plants i.e. Atropa acuminate, Atropa belladonna and Morus nigra were investigated. Extracts were prepared through both maceration and boiling extraction methods. Antibacterial activity against zoonotic pathogens such as Serratia odorifera , Enterobacter amnigenus , Shigella flexneri, Salmonella Typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed using agar well diffusion method. DPPH free radical scavenging method was used to measure antioxidant potential. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated. Results: It was found that boiling extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity against all tested pathogens. The results of antioxidant potential revealed the maximum activity in root extracts of A. belladonna and all extracts of M. nigra while A. acuminata showed lowest scavenging activity. Phytochemical analysis indicated the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, phenols, tannins, terpenoides, glycosides, steroids and carbohydrates. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) also mentioned the presence of phytochemical constituents. TLC- developed plates have showed the maximum presence of both antioxidant constituents and flavonoids contents in all boiling extracts of Z. armatum . Bio-autobiography by agar overlying assay indicated the significant inhibition of tested pathogens. Conclusion: The current study provides scientific confirmation supporting the therapeutic potency of these medicinal plants for medicinal uses and identifies gaps for future research to facilitate commercial utilization.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Biological Activities, Bioautography and Spot Screening of Boiled and Macerated Extracts of Medicinal Plants against Zoonotic Pathogens","authors":"R. Ilyas, S. Andleeb, M. Babar, R. Mustafa, Irsa Shafique, A. Zafar, Shaukat Ali","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24654","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: There is an escalating requirement for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of zoonotic diseases. Herbal plants have always been the best source of therapeutic agents. Study Design: Biological activities of medicinal plants. and 29 June, 2015. Methodology: In current research work biological properties of various extracts of medicinal plants i.e. Atropa acuminate, Atropa belladonna and Morus nigra were investigated. Extracts were prepared through both maceration and boiling extraction methods. Antibacterial activity against zoonotic pathogens such as Serratia odorifera , Enterobacter amnigenus , Shigella flexneri, Salmonella Typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed using agar well diffusion method. DPPH free radical scavenging method was used to measure antioxidant potential. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated. Results: It was found that boiling extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity against all tested pathogens. The results of antioxidant potential revealed the maximum activity in root extracts of A. belladonna and all extracts of M. nigra while A. acuminata showed lowest scavenging activity. Phytochemical analysis indicated the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, phenols, tannins, terpenoides, glycosides, steroids and carbohydrates. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) also mentioned the presence of phytochemical constituents. TLC- developed plates have showed the maximum presence of both antioxidant constituents and flavonoids contents in all boiling extracts of Z. armatum . Bio-autobiography by agar overlying assay indicated the significant inhibition of tested pathogens. Conclusion: The current study provides scientific confirmation supporting the therapeutic potency of these medicinal plants for medicinal uses and identifies gaps for future research to facilitate commercial utilization.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83125123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
study ABSTRACT The study was aimed at investigating the heavy metal tolerance profile among bacteria from auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil samples. Auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil environments were randomly sampled within Calabar Metropolis. The research was undertaken within a period of six months. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate, characterize and identify bacteria isolates from the collected soil samples, while heavy metal tolerance test of the bacteria isolates was carried out using agar dilution method. Bacterial isolates from auto-mechanic workshop soil samples showed a marginally higher percentage tolerability to Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Co and V than their pristine soil counterparts. Serratia spp (AMM 2 , AMME 2 ), Klebsiella sp (AMM 3 ), Corynebacterium (AME 1 ), Yesinia sp (AME 3 ), Pseudomonas sp (AMT) and Bacillus sp (AME 4 ) tolerated high heavy metal concentration (300 µg/ml) of chromium, copper and lead either actively (bioaccumulation) or passively (adsorption) as compared to other bacteria isolates from both auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil samples. Thus, these bacteria isolates could have applicability in bioremediation of heavy metal polluted environments and in the production of biosensors which can be utilized for both background and anthropogenic environmental heavy metal pollution.
{"title":"Heavy Metal Tolerance Profile among Bacteria from Auto-mechanic Workshop and Pristine Soil","authors":"D. Tiku, B. Asikong, U. Ubi","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/23597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/23597","url":null,"abstract":"study ABSTRACT The study was aimed at investigating the heavy metal tolerance profile among bacteria from auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil samples. Auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil environments were randomly sampled within Calabar Metropolis. The research was undertaken within a period of six months. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate, characterize and identify bacteria isolates from the collected soil samples, while heavy metal tolerance test of the bacteria isolates was carried out using agar dilution method. Bacterial isolates from auto-mechanic workshop soil samples showed a marginally higher percentage tolerability to Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Co and V than their pristine soil counterparts. Serratia spp (AMM 2 , AMME 2 ), Klebsiella sp (AMM 3 ), Corynebacterium (AME 1 ), Yesinia sp (AME 3 ), Pseudomonas sp (AMT) and Bacillus sp (AME 4 ) tolerated high heavy metal concentration (300 µg/ml) of chromium, copper and lead either actively (bioaccumulation) or passively (adsorption) as compared to other bacteria isolates from both auto-mechanic workshop and pristine soil samples. Thus, these bacteria isolates could have applicability in bioremediation of heavy metal polluted environments and in the production of biosensors which can be utilized for both background and anthropogenic environmental heavy metal pollution.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86732372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Fadare, S. Sabri, A. Pachenari, A. Momoh, O. Makinde
designed the study performed the test, performed the statistical analysis, the protocol, the of the and managed literature searches. performed the test. supervised the test. and performed the statistical analysis. ABSTRACT Aims: To evaluate the variation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population within and between healthy individuals. Methodology: Five healthy participants were recruited, and advised not to consume yoghurt, antibiotics, alcohol and steroid during the study. Three (3) fecal samples from each participant obtained at one week interval (total of 15 samples a week) for three weeks were examined for each subject bacteria. The samples were collected in sterile specimen jars and immediately taken to the laboratory for analysis. MRS and BIM-25, a selective medium were used for the enumeration of Lactobacillus sp and Bifidobacteria respectively using plate count method. Target bacteria were confirmed by PCR technique and biochemical tests. Results: All isolates picked from their respective selective media were confirmed to be lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. The confirmation was carried out using both biochemical tests and PCR. The results of the statistical analysis of the data obtained using SPSS version 16 showed that intra-individual variation of the population of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was significantly lower than inter-individual variation at P <0.05. Conclusion: This study establishes the fact that the composition level of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium varies within and between healthy human gut at different points in time.
设计了研究，进行了检验，进行了统计分析，制定了方案，并进行了文献检索。执行测试。监督测试。并进行统计分析。摘要目的:了解健康人群中乳酸菌和双歧杆菌数量的变化。方法:招募了5名健康参与者，并建议他们在研究期间不要饮用酸奶、抗生素、酒精和类固醇。每隔一周(每周共15个样本)从每个参与者获得三(3)份粪便样本，为期三周，检查每个受试者的细菌。样品被收集在无菌标本罐中，并立即送到实验室进行分析。选择MRS和BIM-25培养基，分别采用平板计数法对乳酸菌sp和双歧杆菌进行计数。目的菌经PCR和生化试验确定。结果:从不同培养基中分离得到的菌株均为乳酸菌和双歧杆菌。采用生化试验和PCR两种方法进行了证实。采用SPSS version 16对数据进行统计分析，结果表明，乳酸菌和双歧杆菌群体的个体内变异显著低于个体间变异，P <0.05。结论:本研究确定了健康人肠道内及肠道间不同时间点乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的组成水平存在差异。
{"title":"Intra- and Inter-individual Variation in Population of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in Faeces of Some Healthy Individuals","authors":"O. Fadare, S. Sabri, A. Pachenari, A. Momoh, O. Makinde","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/22517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/22517","url":null,"abstract":"designed the study performed the test, performed the statistical analysis, the protocol, the of the and managed literature searches. performed the test. supervised the test. and performed the statistical analysis. ABSTRACT Aims: To evaluate the variation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population within and between healthy individuals. Methodology: Five healthy participants were recruited, and advised not to consume yoghurt, antibiotics, alcohol and steroid during the study. Three (3) fecal samples from each participant obtained at one week interval (total of 15 samples a week) for three weeks were examined for each subject bacteria. The samples were collected in sterile specimen jars and immediately taken to the laboratory for analysis. MRS and BIM-25, a selective medium were used for the enumeration of Lactobacillus sp and Bifidobacteria respectively using plate count method. Target bacteria were confirmed by PCR technique and biochemical tests. Results: All isolates picked from their respective selective media were confirmed to be lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. The confirmation was carried out using both biochemical tests and PCR. The results of the statistical analysis of the data obtained using SPSS version 16 showed that intra-individual variation of the population of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was significantly lower than inter-individual variation at P <0.05. Conclusion: This study establishes the fact that the composition level of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium varies within and between healthy human gut at different points in time.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85191649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Onilude, C. Adesina, A. Oluboyede, A. Olajide, O. Nwaechefu
Meat pie and Fish roll samples from five different local government areas (LGAs) microorganisms were identified as Rhodotorulla spp . and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Percentage occurrences of isolates from road side samples were higher than that of Eatery samples in all the LGAs, roadside Fish roll from Oluyole had highest percentage of Salmonea spp (42.2%), while that from Ibadan North-East had highest percentage of Proteus spp. (28.11%). Roadside Meat pies obtained from Lagelu showed highest percentage of Salmonella spp (34.3%) and those from Ibadan South-west showed highest percentage of Proteus spp (31%) . High occurrence of microorganisms in some of the convenience food samples requires urgent attention by health policy makers and all stakeholders.
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Some Enterobacteria from Retailed Convenience Foods","authors":"A. Onilude, C. Adesina, A. Oluboyede, A. Olajide, O. Nwaechefu","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/28795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/28795","url":null,"abstract":"Meat pie and Fish roll samples from five different local government areas (LGAs) microorganisms were identified as Rhodotorulla spp . and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Percentage occurrences of isolates from road side samples were higher than that of Eatery samples in all the LGAs, roadside Fish roll from Oluyole had highest percentage of Salmonea spp (42.2%), while that from Ibadan North-East had highest percentage of Proteus spp. (28.11%). Roadside Meat pies obtained from Lagelu showed highest percentage of Salmonella spp (34.3%) and those from Ibadan South-west showed highest percentage of Proteus spp (31%) . High occurrence of microorganisms in some of the convenience food samples requires urgent attention by health policy makers and all stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88817589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging Changes in Mortality Pattern of Burn Patients in Relation to Resistant Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Shweta Sharma, L. Makhija, R. Mahajan, C. Hans","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/23746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/23746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90384432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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