Nanoscale最新文献

Inappropriate disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) can pollute ecosystems and deplete mineral resources, highlighting the urgency to develop sustainable and recyclable electronics. While various metal nanoparticles have been tested in literature regarding built-in recyclability for electronics, it remains unclear on how recycling processes affect their properties, since oxidation and contamination of recycled nanomaterials may compromise the functional and reliable performance of remanufactured devices. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by systematically investigating the behaviors of metal particles at different remanufacturing stages and by developing an effective, printing-enabled, remanufacturing route using fully recyclable, noble-metal-free, conductive inks. Recyclability of the printed conductors is investigated in terms of electrical properties across multiple reuse cycles, achieving ∼90% recovery of electrical conductivity after 3 reuse cycles (at least 1 order of magnitude higher than the regular "mill-to-print" approach). As proof of concept, a wireless strain-sensing platform is designed for real-time monitoring of small strains generated by the human body, highlighting potential for wearable human-machine interface applications.

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (eCO₂RR) represents a pivotal technology for converting CO₂ into fuels and chemicals using renewable electricity, with formic acid being a highly valued product. This work reports the large-scale synthesis of zinc oxide-supported indium single-atom catalysts (ZnO@In-SACs) by a modified micro-impinging stream synthesis method and investigates its performance for eCO₂RR. We demonstrate that the reconstructed ZnO nanosheet support optimally tunes the electronic configuration of In single-atom sites during electrolysis, leading to a remarkable enhancement in catalytic activity. Optimized ZnO@In-SACs exhibit exceptional selectivity toward formate and outstanding stability in an alkaline flow electrolyzer for eCO₂RR, with a high faradaic efficiency of 85% and a decent durability of 40 hours at a current density of 100 mA cm^-2, surpassing most reported single-atom catalysts. This work provides an efficient large-scale strategy for fabricating catalysts to be utilized in different electrochemical reactions.

Chronic wounds form a self-perpetuating vicious cycle driven by oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and biofilm infections. Traditional monotherapies yield limited efficacy, posing significant clinical challenges. Ruthenium-based complexes (RuBCs), as an emerging therapeutic platform, offer breakthrough opportunities in this field due to their inherent multi-enzyme mimetic activity, superior photophysical properties, and high tunability achieved through ligand engineering. This review systematically elucidates how intelligent ligand design transforms ruthenium-based biomaterials from passive drugs into smart diagnostic-therapeutic integrated systems capable of sensing and responding to pathological wound microenvironments (such as abnormal pH, elevated reactive oxygen species, and specific enzymes). Initially, we analyze the chronic wound microenvironment to establish precise therapeutic targets. We subsequently detail the fundamental properties of ruthenium-based nanomaterials and complexes, along with ligand design principles, to construct a multifunctional toolkit. The core section systematically integrates multiple advanced design strategies, including environmentally responsive drug release, targeted cellular or bacterial delivery, and the synergistic integration of catalytic, phototherapeutic, and immunomodulatory functions. Furthermore, we explore how to combine real-time phosphorescence diagnostics with therapy to establish closed-loop feedback systems. Despite promising prospects, RuBCs still face significant challenges such as long-term biosafety, large-scale preparation, and in vivo efficacy validation. The conclusion outlines future directions: developing multi-stimulus-responsive systems, synergizing with advanced biomaterials, and leveraging AI-assisted design. These efforts aim to provide systematic, forward-looking theoretical and technical guidance for developing smart RuBCs for chronic wound treatment.