Nanoscale最新文献_第9页

Analysis of Transport Mechanism in Superlattice FinFETs from Room Temperature to Cryogenic Temperature and Discussion on Continued Scalability Beyond 7 nm 超晶格finfet从室温到低温的输运机制分析及7 nm以上持续可扩展性的讨论

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr04582g

Yuchen Wu, Fanyu Liu, Siyuan Chen, Kai Wang, Cheng Zhang, Junyan Zhu, Zijing Zhang, Haoyan Liu, Fei Zhao, Jing Wan, Yong Xu, Yongliang Li, Bo Li

In this work, the transport mechanism in p-type superlattice FinFETs are investigated from room to cryogenic temperatures, and their superior performance is experimentally demonstrated compared with conventional Silicon-germanium (SiGe) and Silicon (Si) channel FinFETs. At room temperature, the superlattice structure achieves an ON-state current (ION) up to 302 μA/μm, which is attributed to a conductive two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) formed at the Si/SiGe heterojunction. TCAD simulations reveal that the 2DHG significantly enhances volume-inversion transport. The observed temperature dependence of Gm and mobility further supports the contribution of 2DHG to ION. Further analysis with density functional theory (DFT) explains the improved subthreshold swing (SS) by comparing the interface density of states (DOS) of SiGe/HfO₂ and Si/HfO₂. The reduced interface scattering under volume-inversion and reduced lattice scattering at cryogenic temperatures make superlattice FinFETs with high ballistic rates (0.81 at 77 K), as validated by low-temperature electrical measurements. Finally, combining DFT with non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) simulations, the superlattice FinFETs are shown to be one of promising candidates for sub-7-nm technology nodes.

在这项工作中，研究了p型超晶格finfet从室温到低温的输运机制，并通过实验证明了与传统硅锗（SiGe）和硅沟道finfet相比，其优越的性能。在室温下，该超晶格结构的导通电流（ION）高达302 μA/μm，这是由于Si/SiGe异质结处形成了导电的二维空穴气体（2DHG）。TCAD模拟表明，2DHG显著增强了体积反演输运。Gm和迁移率的温度依赖性进一步支持了2DHG对离子的贡献。利用密度泛函理论（DFT）进一步分析，通过比较SiGe/HfO₂和Si/HfO₂的界面态密度（DOS），解释了亚阈值摆动（SS）的改善。体积反演下界面散射的减少和低温下晶格散射的减少使得超晶格finfet具有高弹道率（77 K时0.81），并通过低温电测量得到了验证。最后，将DFT与非平衡格林函数（NEGF）模拟相结合，表明超晶格finfet是亚7纳米技术节点的有希望的候选者之一。

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引用次数: 0

Exciton-driven photoisomerization in photoswitch-quantum dot nanohybrids 光开关-量子点纳米杂化中激子驱动的光异构化

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr04330a

Daniel López Díaz, Gabriel Gil, Stefano Corni, Guido Goldoni

Nanohybrid systems in which semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) functionalize molecular photoswitches (PhSs) offer a promising platform for light-responsive materials. These systems leverage the reversible photoisomerization of PhSs and the size-tunable optical properties of QDs to enable functionalities in biomedicine, catalysis, and sensing. While strong light-matter coupling has been used to modulate photoisomerization in PhSs, such approaches are limited by ultrafast dynamics and the requirement for resonant cavity architectures. Here, we propose intrinsic excitonic coupling to shape photoisomerization pathways, taking advantage of the nanosecond-scale lifetimes of such hybrid states and the lower structural complexity of QD-based systems. Specifically, by applying the recently developed Hybrid Configuration Interaction -a non-perturbative multiscale approach-to azobenzene and cadmium selenide quantum dots, we show avoided crossings near resonance between the photoswitch M 0 → M 1 transition and the lowest QD exciton, accompanied by excitonic splittings in the few meV range. Analysis of hybrid dipoles shows a redistribution of oscillator strength between the molecular and QD components, confirming the delocalized nature of the excitations. These results demonstrate that cavity-free PhS-QD nanohybrids can exhibit coherent excitonic reshaping of molecular photoisomerization, highlighting their potential as tunable, light-driven nanodevices.

以半导体量子点（QDs）功能化分子光开关（PhSs）的纳米混合系统为光响应材料提供了一个很有前途的平台。这些系统利用物理粒子的可逆光异构化和量子点的尺寸可调光学特性来实现生物医学、催化和传感方面的功能。虽然强光-物质耦合已被用于调制物理粒子的光异构化，但这种方法受到超快动力学和谐振腔结构要求的限制。在这里，我们提出了固有的激子耦合来形成光异构化途径，利用这种杂化态的纳秒级寿命和基于量子点的系统的较低结构复杂性。具体来说，通过应用最近开发的杂化组态相互作用-一种非微扰多尺度方法-偶氮苯和硒化镉量子点，我们显示了在光开关m0→m1跃迁和最低QD激子之间的共振附近避免了交叉，伴随着在几个meV范围内的激子分裂。杂化偶极子的分析表明，分子和量子点组分之间振荡强度的重新分配，证实了激励的离域性质。这些结果表明，无腔的PhS-QD纳米杂化可以表现出分子光异构化的相干激子重塑，突出了它们作为可调谐的光驱动纳米器件的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Co/CoSe Dual-Phase Hybrids on Carbon Nanotubes as Electrocatalysts for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Co/CoSe双相杂化碳纳米管作为高性能锂硫电池电催化剂

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr05411g

Jing Peng, Yongyi Li, Longlong Lin, Shuaibo Zeng, Junqi Wang, Zihao Liang, Zhiheng Lin, Songyang Lan, Mohan Zhang, Junlin He, Wei Xu, Qiang Wu, Lanying Xu, Ming-Hsien Lee, Nan Wang, Hai Zhong

The practical application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries is hindered by critical challenges, including polysulfide shuttling and cathode structural instability. To address these issues, controlling migration to effectively traps polysulfides within the cathode is essential. In this study, an all-in-one Co/CoSe@carbon nanotube (CNT) ternary composite was designed as the electrocatalyst for Li-S batteries. Experimental characterizes and DFT calculation reveals that the composite integrates the unique advantages of cobalt, cobalt selenide, and CNTs, in which combining cobalt's catalytic activity, CoSe's polysulfide adsorption capability, and CNTs' conductive network. Electrochemical characterization demonstrates that the sulfur cathode incorporating Co/CoSe@CNT achieves an initial discharge capacity of 1,297.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, and maintains 82% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 0.2 C. Furthermore, the Co/CoSe@CNT composite exhibits excellent rate performance, delivering a superior specific capacity of 835.1 mAh g−1 at 2 C, outperforming Co@CNT and CoSe@CNT counterparts. This ternary electrocatalyst addresses the shuttle effect via the combined action of chemisorption, catalytic conversion, and physical confinement, offering a promising strategy for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

锂硫电池的实际应用受到多硫化物穿梭和阴极结构不稳定等关键挑战的阻碍。为了解决这些问题，控制迁移以有效地捕获阴极内的多硫化物是必不可少的。在这项研究中，设计了一种一体化的Co/CoSe@carbon纳米管（CNT）三元复合材料作为锂- s电池的电催化剂。实验表征和DFT计算表明，该复合材料融合了钴、硒化钴和CNTs的独特优势，结合了钴的催化活性、CoSe的多硫吸附能力和CNTs的导电网络。电化学表征表明，含有Co/CoSe@CNT的硫阴极在0.2℃下的初始放电容量为1,297.5 mAh g−1，在0.2℃下循环500次后仍保持82%的容量保持率。此外，Co/CoSe@CNT复合材料表现出优异的倍率性能，在2℃下的比容量为835.1 mAh g−1，优于Co@CNT和CoSe@CNT。这种三元电催化剂通过化学吸附、催化转化和物理约束的联合作用解决了穿梭效应，为高性能锂硫电池提供了一种有前途的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Palladium on S,N-Containing Carbon Materials Derived from Covalent Triazine-Based Frameworks (CTF) for C-C Coupling and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production 基于共价三嗪框架（CTF）的含S， n碳材料上钯的C-C偶联和电催化制氢

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr05231a

Asamanjoy Bhunia, Arijit Maity, Debabrata Patra, Amit Saha

In light of increasing population pressures, constrained natural resources and escalating energy requirements, the advancement of energy research and pharmaceutical development has become urgent. In this regard, we employed an ionothermal method to synthesize a covalent triazine framework (CTF) using 2,3,6,7-tetra(4-cyanophenyl)tetrathiafulvalene (TTFCN) and ZnCl₂ (1:10 molar ratio) at 400 °C. Subsequently, palladium ions or palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) supported CTF material, named as CTFTTF@Pd has been prepared through an in-situ process in the absence of any reducing agent. The synthesized CTFTTF@Pd was characterized using FTIR, PXRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), SEM, TEM, and N₂ sorption measurements. The presence of C, N, S and Pd was confirmed by XPS analysis. TEM analysis confirmed the uniform distribution of Pd(II) and Pd(0) sites within CTFTTF@Pd, with an average particle size of approximately 8 nm. The catalyst CTFTTF@Pd exhibited superior efficiency and reusability in Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. The small Pd-NPs in CTFTTF@Pd enhanced the surface-active site density, driving superior catalytic activity. In addition, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance in alkaline media was investigated, exhibiting excellent long-term cycling stability. This work highlights the potential of S,N-containing carbon materials to generate catalytically active metal ions without the use of reducing agents, offering a strategy for designing recyclable catalysts for efficient chemical and energy production.

鉴于日益增长的人口压力、有限的自然资源和不断上升的能源需求，推进能源研究和药物开发已成为当务之急。为此，我们采用离子热法在400 °C下，以2,3,6,7-四（4-氰苯基）四噻吩（TTFCN）和ZnCl 2（1:10摩尔比）合成共价三嗪骨架（CTF）。随后，在不添加还原剂的情况下，通过原位工艺制备了钯离子或钯纳米颗粒（Pd-NPs）负载的CTF材料CTFTTF@Pd。合成的CTFTTF@Pd通过FTIR、PXRD、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、SEM、TEM和N₂吸附测试进行了表征。通过XPS分析证实了C、N、S和Pd的存在。TEM分析证实CTFTTF@Pd内Pd（II）和Pd(0)位点分布均匀，平均粒径约为8 nm。该催化剂CTFTTF@Pd在Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应中表现出优异的效率和可重复使用性。CTFTTF@Pd中较小的Pd-NPs增强了表面活性位点密度，促进了优异的催化活性。此外，还研究了电催化析氢在碱性介质中的性能，表现出良好的长期循环稳定性。这项工作强调了含S， n的碳材料在不使用还原剂的情况下产生催化活性金属离子的潜力，为设计高效化学和能源生产的可回收催化剂提供了一种策略。

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引用次数: 0

A Diazotrophs-Lettuce Symbiosis Platform based on the Carbon Dots-Microalgae Hybrid System 基于碳点-微藻杂交系统的重氮营养型生菜共生平台

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr05171a

Zhenxi Xie, Guiling Zeng, Mingtao Zheng, Haoran Zhang, Xiaoqin Pan, Wei Li, Bingfu Lei

Diazotrophs-plant symbiosis model system has been developed, but the nitrogen-fixation efficiency of engineered systems remains suboptimal compared with wild-type counterparts. In this study, carbon dots (CDs) with benzoquinone and phenazine structures, prepared from o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) and catechol (CAT), were selected as an electron donor and an electron relay to construct a CDs/microalgae hybrid nitrogen-fixation system. The photocurrent response confirmed the photoelectron-donor capability of the CDs. Nostoc commune Vauch was chosen as the diazotroph. The hybrid system produced 1.32-fold more ethylene than pure microalgae. When integrated with a lettuce hydroponic platform, the system enabled lettuce to utilize atmospheric nitrogen as an ammonia fertilizer. The net photosynthetic rate, total fresh weight, total chlorophyll content, and total soluble protein content of lettuce grown in the established platform increased by 1.20-, 1.12-, 1.14-, and 1.32-fold, respectively, contributing to the sustainable development of agriculture.

重氮营养物-植物共生模式系统已经建立，但与野生型相比，工程系统的固氮效率仍然不理想。本研究以邻苯二胺（o-PD）和儿茶酚（CAT）为原料制备了具有苯醌和非那嗪结构的碳点（CDs）作为电子给体和电子接力体，构建了CDs/微藻杂交固氮体系。光电流响应证实了CDs的光电子给体能力。诺斯托克公社沃什被选为重氮营养品。混合系统产生的乙烯比纯微藻多1.32倍。当与生菜水培平台集成时，该系统使生菜能够利用大气中的氮作为氨肥料。生菜净光合速率、总鲜重、总叶绿素含量和总可溶性蛋白含量分别提高1.20倍、1.12倍、1.14倍和1.32倍，促进了农业的可持续发展。

引用次数: 0

Achieving high energy product in anisotropic Nd-Fe-B/Fe composite thick films by Dy co-sputtering Dy共溅射制备各向异性Nd-Fe-B/Fe复合厚膜的高能量积

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr05494j

Chunhao Li, Long Liu, Qiang Li, Zhixing Ye, Xiaotian Zhao, Weibin Cui, Bing Li, Wei Liu, Zhi-Dong Zhang

To realize a high magnetization while ensuring a high coercivity in Nd-Fe-B/Fe composite thick films, this work proposes a spatially selective Dy co-sputtering strategy that precisely introduces Dy into surface and interfacial regions. This approach significantly strengthens the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and columnar grain continuity, yielding a coercivity of 1.75 T, a remanence of 1.23 T, and a maximum energy product of 35.2 MGOe. Microstructural analyses reveal that the Dy cosputtering not only adjusts the local chemical composition to form (Nd,Dy)2Fe14B with a high magnetocrystalline anisotropic but also induces a microstructural reconstruction, leading to a synergistic enhancement of both coercivity and remanent magnetization. The first-order reversal curve and magnetic domain observations demonstrate that the long-range dipole interaction between the soft-and hard-magnetic layers is enhanced, which shifts the magnetization reversal mechanism from nucleation-dominated to pinning-dominated, evidencing a pronounced magnetic hardening effect. These findings establish that Dy-assisted microstructure optimization and magnetic hardening, together with the high magnetization provided by the Fe soft-magnetic layer, offer an effective pathway for fabricating high-performance Nd-Fe-B/Fe composite thick films being compatible with micro-electromechanical systems.

为了在保证Nd-Fe-B/Fe复合厚膜的高矫顽力的同时实现高磁化，本工作提出了一种空间选择性Dy共溅射策略，该策略可以精确地将Dy引入表面和界面区域。该方法显著增强了磁晶各向异性和柱状晶粒的连续性，产生1.75 T的矫顽力，1.23 T的剩余物，以及35.2 MGOe的最大能量积。显微结构分析表明，Dy溅射不仅可以调整局部化学成分，形成具有高磁晶各向异性的（Nd,Dy）2Fe14B，还可以诱导显微结构重建，从而协同增强矫顽力和剩余磁化强度。一阶反转曲线和磁畴观测表明，软硬磁层之间的长程偶极相互作用增强，磁化反转机制由成核为主转变为钉钉为主，具有明显的磁硬化效应。这些发现表明，dy辅助的微观结构优化和磁硬化，加上Fe软磁层提供的高磁化强度，为制备与微机电系统兼容的高性能Nd-Fe-B/Fe复合厚膜提供了有效途径。

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引用次数: 0

Surfactant-Mediated Porous MOF-5 for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators 高性能摩擦电纳米发电机用表面活性剂介导的多孔MOF-5

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr04950d

Amaal Romih, Carmen Abuoudah, Andreas Schiffer, Vincent Chan, Lianxi Zheng

In this study, high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are developed by incorporating porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into the device structure. The highly porous MOF-5 was prepared via a surfactant-mediated process, and was employed as the positive triboelectric layer of the TENG device. Several characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method were employed to investigate the structural and morphological properties and the influences of the surfactant. The surfactant-mediated MOF-5 exhibits well-defined crystalline structures, enhanced porosity, and a high specific surface area of ~601.5 m2/g. Consequently, the TENG device derived from such a porous material achieved a short circuit current (ISC) of 100 µA, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 250 V, and a maximum power output (Pmax) of 6250 µW. This TENG device also demonstrated effective sensing function with outstanding sensitivity when used as a flexible pressure sensor, offering promising potential for self-powered sensing in applications such as human motion detection, personal healthcare monitoring, and electronic skins.

在本研究中，通过将多孔金属有机框架（mof）结合到器件结构中，开发了高性能摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）。通过表面活性剂介导法制备了高孔MOF-5，并将其作为TENG器件的正摩擦电层。利用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、x射线衍射、x射线光电子能谱和brunauer - emmet - teller方法等表征技术研究了表面活性剂的结构和形态特性以及对表面活性剂的影响。表面活性剂介导的MOF-5晶体结构清晰，孔隙率增强，比表面积高达~601.5 m2/g。因此，由这种多孔材料制成的TENG器件的短路电流（ISC）为100µa，开路电压（VOC）为250 V，最大输出功率（Pmax）为6250µW。当用作柔性压力传感器时，该TENG设备还展示了有效的传感功能，具有出色的灵敏度，在人体运动检测、个人医疗监测和电子皮肤等应用中具有自供电传感的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Noble-metal-free recyclable electronic nanoinks for wireless wearable sensors. 用于无线可穿戴传感器的无贵金属可回收电子纳米墨水。

IF 5.1 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr04828a

Naimul Arefin, Kwame Afrifa Obeng Ofori, Curtis Borden, Nishat Paul, Thomas Jones, Nicolas Constantinides, Kai Wu, Minxiang Zeng

Inappropriate disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) can pollute ecosystems and deplete mineral resources, highlighting the urgency to develop sustainable and recyclable electronics. While various metal nanoparticles have been tested in literature regarding built-in recyclability for electronics, it remains unclear on how recycling processes affect their properties, since oxidation and contamination of recycled nanomaterials may compromise the functional and reliable performance of remanufactured devices. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by systematically investigating the behaviors of metal particles at different remanufacturing stages and by developing an effective, printing-enabled, remanufacturing route using fully recyclable, noble-metal-free, conductive inks. Recyclability of the printed conductors is investigated in terms of electrical properties across multiple reuse cycles, achieving ∼90% recovery of electrical conductivity after 3 reuse cycles (at least 1 order of magnitude higher than the regular "mill-to-print" approach). As proof of concept, a wireless strain-sensing platform is designed for real-time monitoring of small strains generated by the human body, highlighting potential for wearable human-machine interface applications.

电子废物处置不当会污染生态系统并耗尽矿产资源，这凸显了开发可持续和可回收电子产品的紧迫性。虽然各种金属纳米颗粒已经在文献中进行了关于电子产品内置可回收性的测试，但回收过程如何影响其性能仍不清楚，因为再生纳米材料的氧化和污染可能会损害再制造设备的功能和可靠性能。本研究旨在通过系统地研究金属颗粒在不同再制造阶段的行为，并通过开发一种有效的、可打印的、使用完全可回收的、无贵金属的导电油墨的再制造路线来填补这一知识空白。根据多个重复使用周期的电性能，研究了印刷导体的可回收性，在3个重复使用周期后实现了~ 90%的电导率恢复（至少比常规的“从工厂到印刷”方法高1个数量级）。作为概念验证，设计了一种无线应变传感平台，用于实时监测人体产生的小应变，突出了可穿戴人机界面应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Large-scale synthesis of zinc oxide-supported indium single-atom catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction. 大规模合成氧化锌负载铟单原子高效电催化CO2还原反应催化剂。

IF 5.1 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr04922a

Wenzhao Duan, Tianrui Lu, Qiuyue Xiang, Heng Chen, Xi Yu, Ge Meng, Zheng-Jun Wang, Hailong Zhang, Lilong Zhang, Huile Jin, Shun Wang, Jing-Jing Lv

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (eCO₂RR) represents a pivotal technology for converting CO₂ into fuels and chemicals using renewable electricity, with formic acid being a highly valued product. This work reports the large-scale synthesis of zinc oxide-supported indium single-atom catalysts (ZnO@In-SACs) by a modified micro-impinging stream synthesis method and investigates its performance for eCO₂RR. We demonstrate that the reconstructed ZnO nanosheet support optimally tunes the electronic configuration of In single-atom sites during electrolysis, leading to a remarkable enhancement in catalytic activity. Optimized ZnO@In-SACs exhibit exceptional selectivity toward formate and outstanding stability in an alkaline flow electrolyzer for eCO₂RR, with a high faradaic efficiency of 85% and a decent durability of 40 hours at a current density of 100 mA cm^-2, surpassing most reported single-atom catalysts. This work provides an efficient large-scale strategy for fabricating catalysts to be utilized in different electrochemical reactions.

电催化二氧化碳还原反应（eCO2RR）是利用可再生电力将二氧化碳转化为燃料和化学品的关键技术，甲酸是一种非常有价值的产品。本文报道了采用改进的微碰撞流合成方法大规模合成氧化锌负载的铟单原子催化剂（ZnO@In-SACs），并研究了其在eCO2RR上的性能。我们证明了重建的ZnO纳米片支持在电解过程中优化了In单原子位的电子构型，从而显著提高了催化活性。优化后的ZnO@In-SACs对甲酸盐表现出优异的选择性，eCO2RR在碱性流动电解槽中表现出优异的稳定性，法拉第效率高达85%，在100 mA cm-2的电流密度下具有40小时的耐久性，超过了大多数报道的单原子催化剂。这项工作为大规模制备用于不同电化学反应的催化剂提供了一种有效的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Catalytic Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Energy and Environmental Remediation: Multifunctional Roles and Design Strategies 碳纳米管在能源和环境修复中的催化应用：多功能作用和设计策略

IF 6.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanoscale

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1039/d5nr05306d

Placidus B. Amama, Samson A Adeoye

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as highly multifunctional nanomaterials capable of addressing pressing challenges in energy conversion and environmental remediation. Their catalytic role has evolved from passive conductive supports to active, tunable catalytic platforms enabled by good control over nanotube structure, defect chemistry, and electronic properties. Across energy and environmental applications, catalytic performance is governed by unified nanoscale principles, including electronic structure modulation through heteroatom doping, nano-confinement-induced stabilization of active species, and strong interfacial interactions that facilitate efficient charge transfer and dynamic redox processes. Recent advances have demonstrated that CNTs are efficient and durable electrocatalysts and thermally stable supports for hydrocarbon reforming, in which confinement suppresses carbon accumulation. In environmental remediation, CNTs serve as efficient electron acceptors in hybrid photocatalysts, thereby suppressing electron-hole recombination and promoting the degradation of persistent pollutants and inactivation of pathogens. This review critically examines the advances in CNT-based catalysts and the emerging catalytic role of CNTs in these applications. It clarifies the structure-property-function relationships that define CNT catalytic behavior and identifies key challenges and future directions necessary to translate CNT-based catalysts into sustainable energy and environmental technologies.

碳纳米管作为一种高度多功能的纳米材料，能够解决能源转换和环境修复方面的紧迫挑战。通过对纳米管结构、缺陷化学和电子特性的良好控制，它们的催化作用已经从被动的导电支撑演变为主动的、可调的催化平台。在能源和环境应用中，催化性能由统一的纳米级原理控制，包括通过杂原子掺杂调制电子结构，纳米束缚诱导活性物质稳定，以及促进有效电荷转移和动态氧化还原过程的强界面相互作用。最近的研究表明，碳纳米管是高效、耐用的电催化剂和热稳定的烃类重整载体，其中约束抑制了碳的积累。在环境修复中，碳纳米管在杂化光催化剂中作为高效的电子受体，从而抑制电子-空穴复合，促进持久性污染物的降解和病原体的失活。本文综述了碳纳米管催化剂的研究进展以及碳纳米管在这些应用中的催化作用。它阐明了定义碳纳米管催化行为的结构-性能-功能关系，并确定了将碳纳米管催化剂转化为可持续能源和环境技术所需的关键挑战和未来方向。

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引用次数: 0