EcoMat最新文献

The human body continuously generates ambient mechanical energy through diverse movements, such as walking and cycling, which can be harvested via various renewable energy harvesting mechanisms. Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) stands out as one of the most promising emerging renewable energy harvesting technologies for wearable applications due to its ability to harness various forms of mechanical energies, including vibrations, pressure, and rotations, and convert them into electricity. However, their application is limited due to challenges in achieving performance, flexibility, low power consumption, and durability. Here, we present a robust and high-performance self-powered system integrated into cotton fabric by incorporating a textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG) based on 2D materials, addressing both energy harvesting and storage. The proposed system extracts significant ambient mechanical energy from human body movements and stores it in a textile supercapacitor (T-Supercap). The integration of 2D materials (graphene and MoS₂) in fabrication enhances the performance of T-TENG significantly, as demonstrated by a record-high open-circuit voltage of 1068 V and a power density of 14.64 W/m² under a force of 22 N. The developed T-TENG in this study effectively powers 200+ LEDs and a miniature watch while also charging the T-Supercap with 4-5 N force for efficient miniature electronics operation. Integrated as a step counter within a sock, the T-TENG serves as a self-powered step counter sensor. This work establishes a promising platform for wearable electronic textiles, contributing significantly to the advancement of sustainable and autonomous self-powered wearable technologies.

This illustration depicts the precise carbon coating of a cost-effective SiO₂ primary particle using different organic materials to create a highly electronic conductive material. This development enhances high-energy-density lithium-ion battery systems, making them ideal for electric vehicle applications by improving performance, and affordability.

In the rapidly advancing field of information technology, passive sensors with the exemption of external power input can serve as intelligent instruments for end-node data acquisition. 3D perovskites have been recognized as a superior optoelectronic material but suffering from notorious instability due to their “soft lattice” nature. Replacing by their 2D counterparts in these photo-sensing applications can boost the reliability level. However, traditional fabrication for 2D perovskite relay on wet chemistry methods, exhibiting complication, and inefficiency in making high-quality films for device integration. This study unveils a new solid–solid conversion routing toward a direct transformation from 3D orientated films into 2D highly crystalline configuration, based on a spontaneous lattice regulation mechanism through an amine steam treatment. The resultant 2D film exhibits greater orientational micromorphology and a distinct monochromatic narrowband light sensing behavior after integration into a self-powered photodetector. This method on perovskite conversion bears the promise of advanced future-manufacturing for high-performance photonic sensing.

The cover image of the publication eom2.12453 showed how lignin, a bio-polymer material, significantly enhances the sensitivity of MXene composite as a 2D materials chemiresistive sensor for molecular gas detection. This study also demonstrated a hybridized MXene composite flexible chemiresistive sensor, which paves the way for new solid-state sensing platforms for curvature structures.

Indoor photovoltaics suffer from non-radiative recombination and parasitic leakage current especially due to low carrier density. Incorporating a porous alumina interlayer in perovskite photovoltaics mitigates non-radiative recombination and parasitic leakage current, enhancing efficiency under low-light indoor conditions. This strategy is demonstrated in large-area modules at 23.03 cm², achieving 33.5% efficiency and 107.3 µW/cm² power density under LED 1000 lux.

Defect passivation based on Lewis acid–base chemistry has been regarded as an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we report on tertiary phosphine oxides (R₃PO) as materials for defect passivation, where photovoltaic performance was investigated depending on the substituents R. Electron-donating ability of the substituents in R₃PO was found to play an important role in passivation. Cyclohexyl substituent was better in achieving photovoltaic performance than linear hexyl substituent. The heterocyclic morpholine substituent bearing oxygen and nitrogen in cyclohexyl form further improved photovoltaic performance due to its enhanced electron-donating ability. Compared with an untreated PSC, the trimorpholinophosphine oxide (TMPPO)-treated PSC improved the power conversion efficiency from 21.95% to 23.72%. Additionally, the dark-storage stability test with an unencapsulated device showed that the TMPPO-treated device maintained 92.7% of its initial PCE after 1250 h, while 86.8% was maintained for the untreated device. Three hundred hour-light-soaking of the encapsulated devices revealed that the operational stability of the TMPPO-treated PSC was superior to the untreated device.

The development of advanced anode materials for lithium-ion batteries that can provide high specific capacity and stable cycle performance is of paramount importance. This study presents a novel approach for synthesizing molecular-level homogeneous carbon integration to porous SiO₂ nanoparticles (SiO₂@C NPs) tailored to enhance their electrochemical activities for lithium-ion battery anode. By varying the ratio of the precursors for sol–gel reaction of (phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)), the carbon content and porosity within SiO₂@C NPs is precisely controlled. With a 4:6 PTMS and TEOS ratio, the SiO₂@C NPs exhibit a highly mesoporous structure with thin carbon and the partially reduced SiO_x phases, which balances ion and charge transfer for electrochemical activation of SiO₂@C NPs resulting remarkable capacity and cycle performance. This study offers a novel strategy for preparing affordable high capacity SiO₂-based advanced anode materials with enhanced electrochemical performances.

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃) and SnO₂ are a promising pair of halide perovskite and electron transport layer (ETL). However, FAPbI₃ and SnO₂ have inherent problems such as high crystallization temperature of FAPbI₃ and surface defects of SnO₂ like oxygen vacancies. They cause low crystallinity, non-uniform grain growth, and more interface defects, leading to carrier recombination and leakage current. The passivation of the interface between FAPbI₃ and SnO₂ is an effective process to address these materials issues. Herein, a dual role of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) in the interface passivation is explored. PbS QDs which are introduced to the interface between FAPbI₃ and ETL, link to Sn-dangling bonds of SnO₂ ETLs and anchor the iodine atoms of FAPbI₃. This changes considerably lower nonradiative recombination, achieve a better energetic alignment between ETL and PbI₃, and facilitate electron extraction, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 21.66%.

Indoor photovoltaics are limited by their inherently low-photogenerated carrier density, leading to heightened carrier recombination and adverse leakage currents compared with conventional solar cells operating under 1 sun condition. To address these problems, this work incorporates a porous insulating interlayer (Al₂O₃) in perovskite devices, which effectively mitigates recombination and parasitic leakage current. A systematic investigation of the relationship between shunt resistance, photocarrier generation, and recombination at different light intensities demonstrates the effectiveness of the alumina interlayer in perovskite solar cells under low-light conditions. Moreover, the practicability of the alumina interlayer was demonstrated through its successful implementation in a large-area perovskite solar module (PSM). With bandgap engineering, the optimized PSM achieves a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 33.5% and a record-breaking power density of 107.3 μW cm⁻² under 1000 lux illumination. These results underscore the potential of alumina interlayers in improving energy harvesting performance, particularly in low-light indoor environments.

Wearable photothermal materials can capture light energy in nature and convert it into heat energy, which is critical for flexible outdoor sports. However, the conventional flexible photothermal membranes with low specific surface area restrict the maximum photothermal capability, and loose structure of electrospun membrane limits durability of wearable materials. Here, an ultrathin nanostructure candle soot/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/poly (L-lactic acid) (CS/MWCNTs/PLLA) photothermal membrane is first prepared via solvent-induced recrystallization. The white blood cell membrane-like nanowrinkles with high specific surface area are achieved for the first time and exhibit optimal light absorption. The solvent-induced recrystallization also enables the membrane to realize large strength and durability. Meanwhile, the membranes also show two-sided heterochromatic features and transparency in thick and thin situations, respectively, suggesting outstanding fashionability. The nano-wrinkled photothermal membranes by novel solvent-induced recrystallization show high flexibility, fashionability, strength, and photothermal characteristics, which have huge potential for outdoor warmth and winter sportswear.