A monitoring of organic contaminants in the muscles of the Procambarus clarkii and environmental samples of water and sediment was conducted in three Sicilian wetlands (Italy). The substances investigated in the biological samples were per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), pesticides, antibiotics, and microcystins (MCs), all of which were below the detection limit. Given that the Louisiana red swamp crayfish is considered a bioaccumulator, the results of this study indicate that these environments are not significantly contaminated by the selected pollutants. Furthermore, the study suggests the potential uses of the edible portions of this alien species. Despite P. clarkii cannot be marketed in several countries, including Italy, it is possible that the animal biomass obtained in the frame of the monitoring, control and eradication activities carried out by local authorities, could be exploited for various purposes, such as food, feed and biotechnology. This would reduce the costs associated with disposal and make these activities more sustainable in the long term, thereby contributing to the preservation of ecosystems that are currently threatened by this invasive species.
{"title":"No traces of emerging and priority organic pollutants in the muscles of Procambarus clarkii suggest the feasibility of its regulated and sustainable control from uncontaminated environments","authors":"Dario Savoca , Vincenzo Arizza , Gaetano Cammilleri , Leonardo Cerasino , Antonella Maccotta , Federico Marrone , Licia Pantano , Nico Salmaso , Francesco Paolo Faraone","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A monitoring of organic contaminants in the muscles of the <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> and environmental samples of water and sediment was conducted in three Sicilian wetlands (Italy). The substances investigated in the biological samples were per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), pesticides, antibiotics, and microcystins (MCs), all of which were below the detection limit. Given that the Louisiana red swamp crayfish is considered a bioaccumulator, the results of this study indicate that these environments are not significantly contaminated by the selected pollutants. Furthermore, the study suggests the potential uses of the edible portions of this alien species. Despite <em>P. clarkii</em> cannot be marketed in several countries, including Italy, it is possible that the animal biomass obtained in the frame of the monitoring, control and eradication activities carried out by local authorities, could be exploited for various purposes, such as food, feed and biotechnology. This would reduce the costs associated with disposal and make these activities more sustainable in the long term, thereby contributing to the preservation of ecosystems that are currently threatened by this invasive species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-28DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100139
Emma Rowan , Anne Leung , Katie O’Rourke , Xiaofei Yin , Lorraine Brennan , Konstantinos Grintzalis
Conventional methods for water monitoring are insufficient to capture the impacts of pollution because of their sensitivity limits, while they also fail to provide mechanistic insight regarding the actions of pollutants. On the other hand, New Approach Methodologies are more and more introduced as supplementary tools that provide sensitive metrics for pollution assessment. In this context, freshwater sentinel species commonly known as water fleas were used to assess the impact of a pharmaceutical mixture. The pharmaceutical cocktail comprised of representatives of commonly encountered pharmaceuticals and specifically diclofenac, metformin, gabapentin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim, and erythromycin. Combining toxicity, phenotypic and molecular endpoints, results showed differences in mortality, feeding, key enzyme activities and metabolic perturbations, thus supporting a distinct pattern in physiological responses of daphnids that could be used to monitor and predict pollution early.
{"title":"New Approach Methodologies: Physiological responses of daphnids to pharmaceutical mixtures","authors":"Emma Rowan , Anne Leung , Katie O’Rourke , Xiaofei Yin , Lorraine Brennan , Konstantinos Grintzalis","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional methods for water monitoring are insufficient to capture the impacts of pollution because of their sensitivity limits, while they also fail to provide mechanistic insight regarding the actions of pollutants. On the other hand, New Approach Methodologies are more and more introduced as supplementary tools that provide sensitive metrics for pollution assessment. In this context, freshwater sentinel species commonly known as water fleas were used to assess the impact of a pharmaceutical mixture. The pharmaceutical cocktail comprised of representatives of commonly encountered pharmaceuticals and specifically diclofenac, metformin, gabapentin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim, and erythromycin. Combining toxicity, phenotypic and molecular endpoints, results showed differences in mortality, feeding, key enzyme activities and metabolic perturbations, thus supporting a distinct pattern in physiological responses of daphnids that could be used to monitor and predict pollution early.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100137
Phong K. Thai , Jeffrey T. McDonough , Trent A. Key , Anita Thapalia , Scott Porman , Pritesh Prasad , Stephanie Fiorenza , Hirozumi Watanabe , Craig M. Barnes , Jochen F. Mueller
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) retained within hardscape have been observed to leach over time in numerous laboratory studies. The aim of this study was to measure the release of key PFAS in rainfall runoff from a concrete pad impacted by historical AFFF use at the field-scale. Rainfall simulations were conducted on a 5 m2 (1 ×5 m) plot for 3 consecutive days. Runoff water was collected every 2 minutes and analyzed for 5 PFAS commonly associated with AFFF. Surface samples of the concrete were collected from the plot after the rainfall runoff experiment. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exhibited the highest concentrations within the concrete (up to ∼4000 μg kg−1) and runoff water (up to 500 μg L−1), followed by 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS). PFAS concentrations in runoff water were higher in the first sample and then decreased in the consecutive samples of each rainfall simulation. It is estimated that the percentage of the total PFAS mass within the surface of the concrete contributing to runoff samples ranged from 0.006 % (PFOS) to 0.031 % (PFHxA) per rainfall event. This suggests low but sustained PFAS leaching from AFFF-impacted concrete into runoff water. Our findings confirmed that concrete impacted by legacy use of AFFF is a likely secondary source of PFAS in runoff water and highlight some similarities and differences between laboratory- and field-scale rainfall simulations.
{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in rainfall runoff from an AFFF-impacted concrete pad: A field simulation study","authors":"Phong K. Thai , Jeffrey T. McDonough , Trent A. Key , Anita Thapalia , Scott Porman , Pritesh Prasad , Stephanie Fiorenza , Hirozumi Watanabe , Craig M. Barnes , Jochen F. Mueller","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) retained within hardscape have been observed to leach over time in numerous laboratory studies. The aim of this study was to measure the release of key PFAS in rainfall runoff from a concrete pad impacted by historical AFFF use at the field-scale. Rainfall simulations were conducted on a 5 m<sup>2</sup> (1 ×5 m) plot for 3 consecutive days. Runoff water was collected every 2 minutes and analyzed for 5 PFAS commonly associated with AFFF. Surface samples of the concrete were collected from the plot after the rainfall runoff experiment. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exhibited the highest concentrations within the concrete (up to ∼4000 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>) and runoff water (up to 500 μg L<sup>−1</sup>), followed by 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS). PFAS concentrations in runoff water were higher in the first sample and then decreased in the consecutive samples of each rainfall simulation. It is estimated that the percentage of the total PFAS mass within the surface of the concrete contributing to runoff samples ranged from 0.006 % (PFOS) to 0.031 % (PFHxA) per rainfall event. This suggests low but sustained PFAS leaching from AFFF-impacted concrete into runoff water. Our findings confirmed that concrete impacted by legacy use of AFFF is a likely secondary source of PFAS in runoff water and highlight some similarities and differences between laboratory- and field-scale rainfall simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100136
R.K. Dash , K. Kumar , S.P. Shukla , S. Kumar , S. Kumar H , S. Karmakar , T. Paul
Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used biocide found in medicinal, household, and personal care products, frequently detected in various environmental matrices, posing significant threats to microbial communities and overall ecosystem functioning. This study evaluates the in vivo and in vitro effects of triclosan (TCS) on phosphate-solubilising bacteria (PSB) in mangrove ecosystems. Two experimental approaches were employed: a microcosm (in vivo) study and a laboratory (in vitro) analysis. Five isolated PSB strains—Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Rhizobium radiobacter, Serratia ficaria, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella pneumoniae—were selected from the mangrove ecosystem for investigation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results revealed that Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited the highest resistance to TCS among the tested strains. In vivo experiments demonstrated a significant reduction in soil-available phosphorus and enzymatic activities, including acid and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activity, in TCS-exposed samples throughout the exposure period. In vitro results showed that phosphate solubilisation decreased significantly with increasing TCS concentrations in all strains except Klebsiella pneumoniae. Overall, TCS effectively inhibited the growth of PSB in mangrove ecosystems. This study is the first to report the impact of TCS on PSB in mangroves and provides valuable data for future research on microbial communities in such environments.
{"title":"Effect of triclosan on phosphate solubilising bacteria in mangrove ecosystem: In-vitro and In-vivo","authors":"R.K. Dash , K. Kumar , S.P. Shukla , S. Kumar , S. Kumar H , S. Karmakar , T. Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2024.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used biocide found in medicinal, household, and personal care products, frequently detected in various environmental matrices, posing significant threats to microbial communities and overall ecosystem functioning. This study evaluates the <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> effects of triclosan (TCS) on phosphate-solubilising bacteria (PSB) in mangrove ecosystems. Two experimental approaches were employed: a microcosm (<em>in vivo</em>) study and a laboratory (in vitro) analysis. Five isolated PSB strains—<em>Sphingomonas paucimobilis</em>, <em>Rhizobium radiobacter</em>, <em>Serratia ficaria</em>, <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em>, and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>—were selected from the mangrove ecosystem for investigation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results revealed that <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> exhibited the highest resistance to TCS among the tested strains. <em>In vivo</em> experiments demonstrated a significant reduction in soil-available phosphorus and enzymatic activities, including acid and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activity, in TCS-exposed samples throughout the exposure period. <em>In vitro</em> results showed that phosphate solubilisation decreased significantly with increasing TCS concentrations in all strains except <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>. Overall, TCS effectively inhibited the growth of PSB in mangrove ecosystems. This study is the first to report the impact of TCS on PSB in mangroves and provides valuable data for future research on microbial communities in such environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}