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Managing Cultural Diversity: Challenges and Strategies for the Italian Context 管理文化多样性:意大利背景下的挑战与策略
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-002006
V. Premazzi, I. Bua, Artem Filenko
Diversity Management has evolved in recent years trying to include different categories of diversities. Despite the good intention, in the Italian scenario policies and practices are still focused mainly on gender and disability and little has been done to include and develop strategies to promote and value cultural diversity, especially due to the increase of foreign workers. Through the discussion of the preliminary results of a questionnaire submitted to HR managers working in Italy, the authors' aim is to show the challenges faced by different organisations and the strategies that have been put in place to address cultural diversity and inclusion at the workplace.
近年来,多样性管理不断发展,试图包括不同类别的多样性。尽管意图良好,但在意大利的情况下,政策和做法仍然主要集中在性别和残疾问题上,在包括和制定促进和重视文化多样性的战略方面做得很少,特别是由于外国工人的增加。通过对提交给在意大利工作的人力资源经理的问卷调查的初步结果的讨论,作者的目的是展示不同组织所面临的挑战,以及为解决工作场所的文化多样性和包容性所采取的战略。
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引用次数: 0
Camps archipelago: an ethnography of migrant agricultural laborers in the potato harvesting in rural Sicily 营地群岛:西西里岛农村马铃薯收获中的移民农业劳动者的民族志
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001009
Jacopo Anderlini, L. Palmas
The presence of migrant workers in the agricultural system of Southern Italy is cur-rently an essential element of this economic area. This increasing presence is deep-ly linked with the transformations occurred to agricultural markets and hence on the mode of production and distribution, not only in Italy or in Europe but at a global level. Moving from this context, the article focuses on the articulation of spaces and time of production and reproduction of the seasonal agricultural work proposing an analytical distinction according to camps, their functions, characteris-tics and interconnections. The research methodology highlights the threads and circulations of migrant subjectivities, in their different activities – labor, leisure, so-cial relations – along these camps through a multi-sited ethnography which con-siders as a case study the seasonal potato harvest in the Siracusa area. These camps can be subdivided into four different types, based on the functions they fulfill: the "scattered camp", the "sanctuary", the "plantation", the "institutional camp". The porosity among these different camp typologies represents a crucial element. We define archipelago of camps the flourishing of formal and informal encampments and sanctuaries, densely intertwined and reciprocally influencing one another, emerging from the contentious or fruitful encounters of the actors in the field.
意大利南部农业系统中的移徙工人目前是这一经济领域的重要组成部分。不仅在意大利或欧洲,而且在全球范围内,这种日益增加的存在与农业市场的转变以及生产和分配方式的转变有着密切的联系。从这一背景出发,本文着眼于季节性农业生产和再生产的空间和时间的衔接,提出了一种根据营地及其功能、特征和相互联系进行分析区分的方法。研究方法强调了移民主体性的线索和循环,在他们不同的活动中-劳动,休闲,社会关系-通过多地点的民族志,将锡拉库萨地区的季节性马铃薯收获作为案例研究。这些营地根据其功能可细分为四种不同类型:“散居营地”、“避难所”、“种植园”、“机构营地”。这些不同营地类型之间的孔隙度代表了一个关键因素。我们将营地群岛定义为正式和非正式营地和避难所的繁盛,它们紧密地交织在一起,相互影响,从该领域参与者的争议或富有成果的遭遇中出现。
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引用次数: 0
Racialized xenophobia and the uneven distribution of welcome to foreigners in Brazil 种族化的仇外心理和巴西对外国人的欢迎分布不均
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001005
Faustino Deivison, Oliveira Leila Maria de Oliveira, Silvério Valter Roberto
How does xenophobia manifest itself in societies whose capitalism was structured through colonialism? To what extent can studies on contemporary manifestations of racism help to understand xenophobia in these societies? In this work, we rely on the Fanonian concept of racialization to investigate the genesis and function of migratory policies in republican Brazil. To this end, we return to important histori-cal landmarks that allow the relationship between capitalism, racism and immigra-tion in Brazil to be highlighted. As a result, we suggest that the migratory policies in the country corresponded to national, racial and class interests that imposed a par-ticular dynamic on them, not properly contemplated by some explanatory models, thought from Europe. To account for this particularity, we suggest the concept of racialized xenophobia.
仇外心理如何在资本主义由殖民主义构成的社会中表现出来?对种族主义当代表现形式的研究在多大程度上有助于理解这些社会中的仇外心理?在这项工作中,我们依靠法诺尼亚的种族化概念来研究共和巴西移民政策的起源和功能。为此,我们回到重要的历史里程碑,使巴西的资本主义,种族主义和移民之间的关系得到突出。因此,我们认为,该国的移民政策符合国家、种族和阶级利益,这些利益强加给他们一种特殊的动力,而一些来自欧洲的解释模型没有适当地考虑到这一点。为了解释这一特殊性,我们提出种族化仇外心理的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Language, Nationhood, and Isolation in the Lives of Sri Lankan Tamil Refugees in India 在印度的斯里兰卡泰米尔难民生活中的语言、国家地位和孤立
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001004
Aarav Pranav Vaidya, Fr Joseph Chacko, Fr Joseph Chacko Chennattuserry, L. T Om Prakash
Divisions and resentments between the Tamils and the Sinhalese, two major ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, led to the exodus of Tamils to the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu in India. From the beginning of the first major conflict in the early 1980s to the peak of the Eelam war in 2008-2009, it is estimated that over three millions lakh Sri Lankan Tamils have migrated to India, mostly to the southern state of Tamil Nadu. A majority of them were put in over 115 government-run refugee camps. These migrants preferred Tamil Nadu over other states in India for two major reasons: firstly, its proximity to the conflict area; secondly the common lin-guistic, cultural, and ethnic identities both the Sri Lankan Tamil migrants and the native Tamils share. The present paper is an attempt to understand the life of these refugees in Tamil Nadu, where they share many commonalities with the Tamil inhabitants. Earlier studies show that irrespective of these commonly shared identities between the migrant Tamil refugees from Sri Lanka and the native Tam-ils, a process leading to the repatriation of the former is preferred over their integration and assimilation with the latter. The present study attempts to capture the process of ‘othering' refugees although they share common linguistic and ethnic identities with the host community.
斯里兰卡两大民族——泰米尔人和僧伽罗人之间的分裂和怨恨,导致泰米尔人大批逃往邻近的印度泰米尔纳德邦。从20世纪80年代早期的第一次重大冲突开始到2008-2009年伊拉姆战争的顶峰,据估计,超过300万斯里兰卡泰米尔人移民到印度,主要是南部的泰米尔纳德邦。他们中的大多数被安置在超过115个政府运营的难民营中。这些移民更喜欢泰米尔纳德邦而不是印度其他邦,主要有两个原因:首先,它靠近冲突地区;其次,斯里兰卡泰米尔移民和当地泰米尔人拥有共同的语言、文化和种族认同。本文试图了解这些难民在泰米尔纳德邦的生活,他们与泰米尔居民有许多共同之处。早先的研究表明,不论来自斯里兰卡的移徙泰米尔难民和当地泰米尔-伊尔人之间的这些共同身份如何,将前者遣返的进程比将后者融合和同化的进程更为可取。本研究试图捕捉“他者化”难民的过程,尽管他们与收容社区有着共同的语言和种族认同。
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引用次数: 0
Migranti in transito e politiche migratorie sulla rotta dei Balcani occidentali: focus su Albania, Kosovo e Montenegro 巴尔干半岛西部过境移民和移民政策:重点关注阿尔巴尼亚、科索沃和黑山
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001007
Shkelzen Hasanaj
Il saggio proposto affronta la trasformazione delle rotte migratorie che attraversa-no i Balcani occidentali, con particolare attenzione a ciò che è accaduto e sta accadendo in Albania. Si tratta di caso emblematico perché´ in conseguenza dei recenti sviluppi della rotta dei Balcani occidentali, questo Paese, tradizionalmente realtà di emigrazione si è trasformato sia in Paese "di transito" sia in Paese "di destinazione" per un numero significativo di migranti. Per analizzare il fenomeno, ho scelto il caso degli Muxhahedin e degli Afgani in Albania. Si tratta di due comunità arrivate in Albania a seguito degli accordi tra il governo albanese e quello degli Sta-ti Uniti (in attesa di un loro viaggio definitivo). Il presente saggio muove da una duplice analisi, da un lato, vuole spiegare come le politiche di accoglienza influenzano il corso dei movimenti migratori nel Paese; dall'altro lato, propone una ricer-ca dei complessi flussi migratori irregolari nel paese, attraverso una doppia compa-razione interna tra "migrazioni irregolari in transito" e "le migrazioni regolari in transito". Alcune delle domande da affrontare sono: perché alcune realtà stanno diventando paesi di prima accoglienza? Perché le migrazioni in transito scelgono la rotta albanese? Perché i migranti prima di raggiungere la destinazione finale ri-mangono in transito e come vivono questa condizione? Quali sono le sfide politiche che stanno e devono affrontare i paesi di transito e quelli di destinazione? A quale categoria appartengano i migranti, quali sono le loro prospettive, rimanere nel Paese? Sulla base di una ricerca etnografica e di campo in territorio albanese cercheremo di dare risposte alle domande sopracitate.
拟议的办法涉及改变西巴尔干的移徙路线,特别注意阿尔巴尼亚已经发生和正在发生的情况。这是一个具有象征意义的例子,因为由于西巴尔干路线最近的发展,这个传统上移民的国家已成为相当多移民的“过境国”和“目的地”。为了分析这一现象,我选择了阿尔巴尼亚的Muxhahedin和阿富汗人的例子。这两个社区是根据阿尔巴尼亚政府和美国政府之间的协定抵达阿尔巴尼亚的(等待它们的最后旅程)。这篇文章的出发点是双重分析,一方面,它试图解释接待政策如何影响该国的移民流动;另一方面,它建议通过“过境非法移徙”和“过境合法移徙”之间的内部双重比较,研究该国复杂的非法移徙流动。我们必须面对的一些问题是:为什么某些现实正在成为第一批国家?为什么过境移民选择阿尔巴尼亚路线?为什么移民在到达最终目的地之前仍在过境,以及他们是如何生活的?过境国和目的地国目前和必须面对的政治挑战是什么?移民属于哪一类,他们在这个国家的前景如何?在阿尔巴尼亚领土上进行民族学和实地研究之后,我们将努力回答上述问题。
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引用次数: 0
Salute, cittadinanza e partecipazione: i Centres de santé communautaire in Francia 卫生、公民身份和参与:法国的社区卫生中心
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001006
Sara Vallerani
L'articolo analizza il rapporto tra i percorsi di costruzione di cittadi-nanza e le pratiche di salute all'interno di servizi sanitari caratterizzati da una pratica collettiva e comunitaria della medicina. La ricerca è stata condotta in due Centres de santé communautaires in Francia con tec-niche qualitative. Dopo un focus sul concetto di cittadinanza sanitaria e sulle condizioni di salute dei migranti in Francia, si passa allo studio dei repertori di azione e degli aspetti organizzativi dei centri di salute. L'analisi ha fatto emergere come la dimensione formale e sostanziale della cittadinanza convivono e si intrecciano fra loro nelle pratiche di salute. Tra le iniziative dei centri coesistono le lotte e le vertenze per il riconoscimento formale del diritto alla salute, la fornitura di un servizio sanitario e la costruzione di percorsi partecipativi per i pazienti. La sa-lute diventa quindi un terreno di riconoscimento e partecipazione e al contempo un mezzo di inclusione e partecipazione.
这篇文章分析了公民建设道路与卫生保健服务中的卫生实践之间的关系,卫生保健服务的特点是集体和社区医学实践。这项研究是在法国的两个具有高质量技术的社区卫生中心进行的。在集中注意法国移徙者的健康公民概念和健康状况之后,研究了保健中心的行动目录和组织方面。这项研究揭示了公民身份的正式和实质性方面是如何在健康实践中共存和交织在一起的。这些中心的倡议包括在正式承认健康权、提供保健服务和为病人建立参与途径方面的斗争和争端。因此,健康成为承认和参与的领域,同时也是包容和参与的手段。
{"title":"Salute, cittadinanza e partecipazione: i Centres de santé communautaire in Francia","authors":"Sara Vallerani","doi":"10.3280/mm2023-001006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/mm2023-001006","url":null,"abstract":"L'articolo analizza il rapporto tra i percorsi di costruzione di cittadi-nanza e le pratiche di salute all'interno di servizi sanitari caratterizzati da una pratica collettiva e comunitaria della medicina. La ricerca è stata condotta in due Centres de santé communautaires in Francia con tec-niche qualitative. Dopo un focus sul concetto di cittadinanza sanitaria e sulle condizioni di salute dei migranti in Francia, si passa allo studio dei repertori di azione e degli aspetti organizzativi dei centri di salute. L'analisi ha fatto emergere come la dimensione formale e sostanziale della cittadinanza convivono e si intrecciano fra loro nelle pratiche di salute. Tra le iniziative dei centri coesistono le lotte e le vertenze per il riconoscimento formale del diritto alla salute, la fornitura di un servizio sanitario e la costruzione di percorsi partecipativi per i pazienti. La sa-lute diventa quindi un terreno di riconoscimento e partecipazione e al contempo un mezzo di inclusione e partecipazione.","PeriodicalId":93477,"journal":{"name":"Mondi migranti : rivista di studi e ricerche sulle migrazioni internazionali","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90890371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nation, Religion, and the Racial Exception: Framing Difference in Turkey 国家、宗教和种族例外:土耳其的框架差异
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001003
Murat Ergin
Nationalism presents a multitude of ways to talk about characteristics of its mem-bers and to view how these characteristics are formed in a timeless past. Popula-tions identified as nations imagine themselves as sharing a collective identity and social solidarity. They form discourses offering ways of stipulating what defines nations in terms of collective characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, and religion. In many cases, these outright exclusive characteristics are subterranean, appearing in implicit forms and frequently combining with official claims regarding the civic and constitutional criteria for national membership. Turkish nationalism is no ex-ception. While historical and contemporary examples of exclusion abound in Tur-key's political history, they are countered with official claims of equal and open membership. Often, these exclusions appear to be based on religion, as rules of in-clusion present a preference for Muslims from Sunni backgrounds. Based on two case studies, this article argues that the relationship between nation and religion is mediated through the racial exception. When racial otherness is present, the over-laps between nation and religion may be negotiated, reinterpreted, or disregarded.
民族主义提供了多种方式来谈论其成员的特征,并观察这些特征是如何在永恒的过去中形成的。被认定为国家的人口认为自己拥有集体身份和社会团结。它们形成了一种话语,提供了一种方法,规定了根据种族、民族和宗教等集体特征来定义国家的方式。在许多情况下,这些完全排他的特征是地下的,以含蓄的形式出现,并经常与关于国家成员资格的公民和宪法标准的官方要求结合在一起。土耳其的民族主义也不例外。尽管在土耳其的政治史上,历史和当代排斥的例子比比皆是,但土耳其官方却声称,他们是平等和开放的成员。通常,这些排斥似乎是基于宗教,因为包容规则对逊尼派背景的穆斯林有偏爱。本文通过两个案例分析,论证了民族与宗教的关系是通过种族例外来调解的。当种族差异性存在时,国家与宗教之间的重叠可能会被协商、重新解释或忽视。
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引用次数: 0
Salvatore Strozza, Cinzia Conti ed Enrico Tucci (2021). Nuovi cittadini. Diventare italiani nell'era della globalizzazione. Bologna: il Mulino; pp. 190, € 18; Isbn: 978-88-15-29432-6 Salvatore strzza, Cinzia Conti和Enrico Tucci(2021)。新公民。在全球化时代成为意大利人。博洛尼亚:磨坊;第190页18分;Isbn: 978-88-15-29432-6
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001010
A. C. della Redazione
{"title":"Salvatore Strozza, Cinzia Conti ed Enrico Tucci (2021). Nuovi cittadini. Diventare italiani nell'era della globalizzazione. Bologna: il Mulino; pp. 190, € 18; Isbn: 978-88-15-29432-6","authors":"A. C. della Redazione","doi":"10.3280/mm2023-001010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/mm2023-001010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93477,"journal":{"name":"Mondi migranti : rivista di studi e ricerche sulle migrazioni internazionali","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84169945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isabella Crespi e Maria Letizia Zanier, a cura di (2020). Migrazioni, processi educativi e percorsi di cittadinanza. Sfide per una società inclusiva. Milano: Mimesis Edizioni; pp. 81; € 14,00; Isbn: 9788857574301 伊莎贝拉·克雷皮和玛丽亚·莱蒂齐娅·扎尼耶,编辑(2020)。移民、教育过程和公民途径。对包容性社会的挑战。米兰:模仿版本;第81页;下午2点€;Isbn: 9788857574301
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001011
A. C. della Redazione
{"title":"Isabella Crespi e Maria Letizia Zanier, a cura di (2020). Migrazioni, processi educativi e percorsi di cittadinanza. Sfide per una società inclusiva. Milano: Mimesis Edizioni; pp. 81; € 14,00; Isbn: 9788857574301","authors":"A. C. della Redazione","doi":"10.3280/mm2023-001011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/mm2023-001011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93477,"journal":{"name":"Mondi migranti : rivista di studi e ricerche sulle migrazioni internazionali","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74161126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Racism, anti-Semitism and anti-racism in contemporary France 当代法国的种族主义、反犹主义和反种族主义
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3280/mm2023-001002
M. Wieviorka
Racism is a challenge to reason, especially scientific reason, since it is possible to demonstrate that human "races" do not exist for science, and that, for example, the genetic difference between two supposed "races" is no greater than that which can separate two individuals within the same "race". Racism is a denier of human rights. In short, whether it is a question of reason or of law, racism clashes head-on with universal values, and the anti-racist struggle should, in this perspective, only be backed by universalism.
种族主义是对理性的挑战,尤其是对科学理性的挑战,因为有可能证明,人类的“种族”在科学上是不存在的,例如,两个假定的“种族”之间的基因差异并不比在同一个“种族”中区分两个个体的差异大。种族主义是对人权的否定。总之,无论是理性问题还是法律问题,种族主义都与普遍价值观正面冲突,从这个角度来看,反对种族主义的斗争只能以普遍主义为后盾。
{"title":"Racism, anti-Semitism and anti-racism in contemporary France","authors":"M. Wieviorka","doi":"10.3280/mm2023-001002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/mm2023-001002","url":null,"abstract":"Racism is a challenge to reason, especially scientific reason, since it is possible to demonstrate that human \"races\" do not exist for science, and that, for example, the genetic difference between two supposed \"races\" is no greater than that which can separate two individuals within the same \"race\". Racism is a denier of human rights. In short, whether it is a question of reason or of law, racism clashes head-on with universal values, and the anti-racist struggle should, in this perspective, only be backed by universalism.","PeriodicalId":93477,"journal":{"name":"Mondi migranti : rivista di studi e ricerche sulle migrazioni internazionali","volume":"102 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77272567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Mondi migranti : rivista di studi e ricerche sulle migrazioni internazionali
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