Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia最新文献

英文中文

Social media and ophthalmology in Spain: a new scenario for patients and professionals 西班牙的社交媒体和眼科：患者和专业人员的新情况。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.10.011

V. Miralles-Pechuán, J. González Martín-Moro

引用次数: 0

Ocular surface and tear film in university students who use inhalant substances, mainly vapers 使用吸入性物质（主要是电子烟）的大学生的眼表和泪膜。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.09.003

A.B. López Álvarez, D.A. Ulloa Delgado, D.C. Palencia Flórez, M.C. Morón Barreto

Objective

To determine the state of ocular surface and tear film in college students who are users of inhalants, mainly vapers.

Methods

We conducted a descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study with 62 participants whose sociodemographic characteristics, ocular surface status, tear film and variables related to vaping were evaluated. Individuals with a higher (5–7 times per week of consumption) and lower frequency of vaping (1–4 times per week of consumption) were evaluated. Symptom documentation was standardized using the OSDI questionnaire and biomicroscopy to evaluate ocular adnexa and anterior segment structures, blinking frequency and eye protection index (EPI) were also determined.

Results

A total of 76% of participants were men with a median age of 20.37 years, and an age range between 18 and 28 years. Participants with a higher frequency of vaping exhibited blepharitis (60%) (P-value > .05), meibomian gland obstruction (65.63%) (P-value > .05), tarsal conjunctival hyperemia (52.94%) (P-value < .05), tarsal conjunctival hyperemia (52.94%) (P-value < .05), generalized bulbar hyperemia (72.73%) (P-value > .05), papillary reaction (60%) (P-value > .05), conjunctival staining (75%) (P-value > .05), limbal redness (61.54%) (P-value > .05).

A normal Schirmer I (median 31 mm/5 min), short tear breakup time (median 3.5 s in BUT) and a lower number of blinks per minute (median 10.75) were found, yet the EPI was lower (median 0.58).

Conclusions

Vaping could be associated with ocular health alterations, such as blepharitis, meibomian gland obstruction, conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival staining and altered tear quality. Follow-up studies are recommended to establish causal relationships.

目的：了解吸吸剂（以电子烟为主）的大学生眼表及泪膜状态。方法：我们对62名参与者进行了描述性、观察性和横断面研究，他们的社会人口学特征、眼表状态、泪膜和与电子烟相关的变量进行了评估。对吸电子烟频率较高（每周5-7次）和频率较低（每周1-4次）的人进行了评估。采用OSDI问卷和生物显微镜对症状进行标准化记录，评估眼附件和前节结构，并测定眨眼频率和眼保护指数（EPI）。结果：共有76%的参与者是男性，年龄中位数为20.37岁，年龄范围在18至28岁之间。吸电子烟频率较高的参与者表现为睑炎（60%）（p值> 0.05）、睑板腺梗阻（65.63%）（p值> 0.05）、睑结膜充血（52.94%）（p值< 0.05）、睑结膜充血（52.94%）（p值< 0.05）。05)，全发性球充血（72.73%）（P-value > 0.05），乳头状反应（60%）（P-value > 0.05），结膜染色（75%）（P-value > 0.05），角膜缘红肿（61.54%）（P-value > 0.05）。Schirmer I正常（中位数为31 mm/5分钟），泪液破裂时间短（中位数为3.5秒），每分钟眨眼次数较低（中位数为10.75），但EPI较低（中位数为0.58）。结论：电子烟可能与眼部健康改变有关，如睑膜炎、睑板腺阻塞、结膜充血、结膜染色和泪液质量改变。建议进行后续研究以确定因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

National study on the management of central serous chorioretinopathy 中枢性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变治疗的全国研究。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.09.005

J. Lorenzo-Castro , A.D. Alarcón-García , A. Valverde-Megías , J. Montero-Hernández , S. Copete , P. Fernandez-Avellaneda , M.Á. Zapata , O. Ruiz-Moreno , L. Arias-Barquet , J.I. Fernández-Vigo

Background and objectives

To assess the perception and management of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) in Spain through a survey aimed at retinal specialists.

Material and methods

The working group designed an original online survey, including 42 questions categorized into 4 sections: clinical perception, diagnosis, clinical management, and prognosis.

Results

A total of 114 ophthalmologists completed the survey. The mean age was 46 years (range, 26–72), 54.5% were men, and the mean post-residency experience was 17.5 years. CSCR was perceived as a growing condition by 80% of participants. While 75% believed acute CSCR tends to resolve spontaneously, 63% estimated chronicity in <25% of cases; however, if chronicity occurs, 77% considered spontaneous resolution unlikely without treatment. Besides OCT, OCT angiography was the most used diagnostic imaging modalitu (72%), followed by fundus autofluorescence (65%). Systemic work-up was never considered by 30%, while 62% would only consider it in the presence of bilateral or multifocal cases, with cortisol being the most frequently investigated parameter. Observation is preferred in acute CSCR, while photodynamic therapy is favored in chronic forms. Focal laser and anti-VEGF agents are preferred for extrafoveal leaks and neovascular membranes, respectively. While 80% expect anatomical improvement with treatment, there is consensus on its limited functional benefits.

Conclusions

This survey highlights that CSCR is perceived as an increasingly prevalent disease with high recurrence and potential for chronicity. It also reveals preferences and variability in its management among specialists.

背景和目的：通过一项针对视网膜专家的调查，评估西班牙中枢性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSCR）的认知和管理。材料和方法：工作组设计了一份原创的在线调查，包括42个问题，分为4个部分：临床认知、诊断、临床管理和预后。结果：共114名眼科医生完成调查。平均年龄为46岁（26-72岁），男性占54.5%，平均住院后经验为17.5年。80%的参与者认为CSCR是一种日益严重的疾病。虽然75%的人认为急性CSCR倾向于自发消退，但63%的人估计在< 25%的病例中慢性；然而，如果发生慢性，77%的人认为不经治疗不可能自行消退。除OCT外，OCT血管造影是最常用的诊断成像方式（72%），其次是眼底自身荧光（65%）。30%的人从未考虑过系统检查，而62%的人只会在双侧或多灶病例中考虑，皮质醇是最常被调查的参数。急性CSCR首选观察治疗，而慢性CSCR首选光动力治疗。病灶激光和抗vegf药物分别适用于凹窝外渗漏和新生血管膜。虽然80%的人期望通过治疗改善解剖结构，但人们一致认为其功能益处有限。结论：这项调查强调CSCR被认为是一种越来越普遍的疾病，具有高复发率和潜在的慢性。它还揭示了专家在其管理方面的偏好和可变性。

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引用次数: 0

Cytomegalovirus necrotizing retinitis in an immunocompetent patient: A case report 免疫功能正常患者巨细胞病毒坏死性视网膜炎1例报告。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.09.012

A. Lo Cascio, A. Bures Jelstrup

This is the case of a necrotizing retinitis associated with occlusive retinal vasculitis due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in an immunocompetent patient with complex diagnosis and management, but with resolution after the start of appropriate antiviral therapy, with subsequent control of intraocular inflammation and visual recovery. CMV was confirmed as the pathogen using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of aqueous humor samples.

这是一例由巨细胞病毒（CMV）引起的坏死性视网膜炎与视网膜血管闭塞性炎相关的病例，在免疫功能正常的患者中，诊断和治疗复杂，但在开始适当的抗病毒治疗后，眼内炎症得到控制，视力恢复。对房水样品进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测，证实巨细胞病毒为病原菌。

引用次数: 0

Pigmentary dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma: Diagnostic relevance of the classical triad in a Mediterranean population 色素性色散综合征和色素性青光眼：地中海人群经典三联征的诊断相关性。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.08.007

J. Benitez-del-Castillo , M. Villalba-Conde , V. Amaya-López , M.D. Pinazo-Duran

Introduction and objectives

To assess prevalence of classic clinical signs of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) in PDS and Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) in caucasian patients from Southern Spain.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional observational case-series study evaluating the prevalence of characteristic clinical signs of PDS: Krukenberg spindle (KS), Trabecular meshwork pigmentation (TMP) and Iris transillumination defects (ITD). Differences between PDS and PG patients are evaluated and the probability of association with PG of clinical signs with statistically significant differences is also calculated (Odds Ratio OR in logistic regression analysis).

Results

144 PDS/PG patients. Prevalence of KS, TMP and ITD is 91%, 88.9% and 24.3%. 48 right eyes (66.7%) were PDS and 24 right eyes (33.3%) were considered PG patients. Prevalence of KS is 95.8% in PDS and 91.7% in PG (p = 0.47). Prevalence of TMP is 87.5% in PDS and 95.8% in PG (p = 0.26). Prevalence of ITD is 16.7% in PDS and 41.7% in PG (p = 0.02). OR of those presenting PG is 3.57 for ITD (95% CI 1.17 to 10.85) (p = 0.02).

Conclusions

There are no major differences in the prevalence of KS and TMP in our population of patients with PDS/PG compared to published data in the Caucasian population (91% vs 95% for KS and 88.9% vs 86% for TMP) but there are differences in the prevalence of ITD (24.3% vs 86%).

简介和目的：评估西班牙南部高加索患者色素弥散综合征（PDS）和色素性青光眼（PG）中典型临床体征的患病率。材料和方法：横断面观察性病例系列研究评估PDS特征性临床体征的患病率：Krukenberg纺锤体（KS）、小梁网色素沉着（TMP）和虹膜透射缺陷（ITD）。评估PDS与PG患者之间的差异，并计算有统计学差异的临床体征与PG相关的概率（logistic回归分析中的Odds Ratio OR）。结果：144例PDS/PG患者。KS、TMP和ITD患病率分别为91%、88.9%和24.3%。48只右眼（66.7%）为PDS， 24只右眼（33.3%）为PG。PDS患者KS患病率为95.8%，PG患者为91.7% （p = 0.47）。PDS患者TMP患病率为87.5%，PG患者为95.8% （p = 0.26）。PDS的ITD患病率为16.7%，PG为41.7% （p = 0.02）。ITD患者PG的OR为3.57 (95% CI 1.17 ~ 10.85) （p = 0.02）。结论：与已发表的高加索人群数据相比，PDS/PG患者中KS和TMP的患病率没有重大差异（KS为91%对95%，TMP为88.9%对86%），但ITD的患病率存在差异（24.3%对86%）。

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引用次数: 0

AMBISiON-IMPaCT: A project to enrich the IMPaCT cohort with eye health measures for precision medicine 雄心-影响：这是一个项目，旨在为精准医疗提供眼科健康措施，以丰富IMPaCT队列。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.10.010

E. García-Esquinas , M.J. Sánchez , J.J. González-López , F. Rodríguez-Artalejo , B. Pérez-Gómez , on behalf of all AMBISiON-IMPaCT project investigators

引用次数: 0

Relevance of ‘popcorn’ discovery in retinopathy of premature “爆米花”发现与早产儿视网膜病变的相关性。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.09.007

E. Gracia-Rovira, A. Díaz Barrón, A.M. Duch Samper

引用次数: 0

30-Gauge needle Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty graft obtention: A novel, safer and cheap technique 30针角膜内皮膜移植术：一种新颖、安全、廉价的技术。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.09.011

P. Pérez-García , J.A. Gegúndez-Fernández , M. Ariño-Gutiérrez , M. Molero-Senosiaín , B. Burgos-Blasco , D. Díaz-Valle

This work aims to present a novel technique for obtaining grafts for Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) safely and efficiently, thanks to its fast learning curve and reduced risk of graft tears. The technique involves the peripheral dissection of the endothelium starting with a superficial incision made using a 30-Gauge needle, 1 mm inside Schwalbe's line across 360º of the corneal periphery. Trypan Blue is then applied to visualize the dissection boundary, and a DMEK Sinskey hook is used to lift 1 mm of the peripheral graft along the entire circumference. The technique continues with the separation of Descemet's membrane from the stroma, as is commonly performed. This technique reduces costs by employing a standard needle and achieves low failure rates compared to other techniques.

这项工作的目的是提出一种新的技术，安全有效地获得移植物的Descemet膜内皮角膜移植术（DMEK），由于其快速的学习曲线和降低移植物撕裂的风险。该技术涉及到内皮细胞的周围剥离，首先使用30号针在角膜周围360度的施瓦尔贝线内1毫米处做一个浅表切口。然后应用台盼蓝显示解剖边界，并使用DMEK Sinskey钩沿整个周长提起1mm外周移植物。该技术继续将Descemet的膜从基质中分离出来，这是通常的做法。与其他技术相比，该技术通过使用标准针头降低了成本，故障率低。

引用次数: 0

Ophthalmologic findings in a patient with methylmalonic acidemia and the N219Y mutase mutation 甲基丙二酸血症和N219Y突变患者的眼科检查结果。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.10.004

Mark Rabinovich , Kristof Vandekerckhove , Adrian Gericke

We document the clinical ocular presentation of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) with a mutase defect, specifically the MUT N219Y variant, in a 27-year-old female who presented with sudden bilateral visual acuity deterioration. The ophthalmologic workup included visual acuity testing, biomicroscopic and fundus examinations, macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence, multicolor imaging, retinal nerve fiber layer analysis, kinetic and static visual field testing, and head magnetic resonance imaging. The patient demonstrated bilateral visual acuity loss, more severe in the left eye. SD-OCT of the macula and optic nerve appeared normal, yet static visual field testing showed elevated central threshold values bilaterally, and kinetic testing revealed bilateral constriction. MRI of the head revealed bilateral focal signal abnormalities of the optic nerves, with left-sided predominance. This case represents the first detailed ophthalmologic description in a patient with MMA carrying the MUT N219Y variant.

我们记录了一位27岁女性的临床眼部表现，甲基丙二酸血症（MMA）伴有突变酶缺陷，特别是MUT N219Y变异，她表现为突然的双侧视力恶化。眼科检查包括视力检查、生物显微镜和眼底检查、黄斑光谱域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）、眼底自身荧光、多色成像、视网膜神经纤维层析、动态和静态视野测试、头部磁共振成像。患者表现为双侧视力丧失，左眼更为严重。黄斑和视神经SD-OCT显示正常，但静态视野测试显示双侧中枢阈值升高，动力学测试显示双侧缩窄。头部MRI显示双侧视神经局灶性信号异常，以左侧为主。该病例代表了携带MUT N219Y变异的MMA患者的第一个详细的眼科描述。

引用次数: 0

Should XYY syndrome be considered in the differential diagnosis of syndromic myopia? Apropos of a case 在辨证性近视时是否应考虑XYY综合征？关于一个案子。

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2025.08.005

R. Morales-Reyes , L.A. Garza-Garza , R.A. Villafuerte-de la Cruz , M. Garza-Leon

Introduction and objectives

XYY syndrome is relatively common and misdiagnosed. In addition high myopia appears to be more frequent in this syndrome than in the general population. Therefore, the objective of the present report is to emphasize the association of XYY syndrome and high myopia.

Materials and methods

Case report of a single patient.

Results

An 8-year-old male patient with a history of XYY syndrome was examined. Physical examination revealed tall stature, low-set auricular pavilion implantation, mid-face hypoplasia, horizontal palpebral fissures. Ophthalmological evaluation showed early-onset high myopia in both eyes and a complete nuclear cataract and chronic retinal detachment in the right eye.

Discussion

Patients with XYY syndrome appear to exhibit a high prevalence of myopia. Although the pathophysiology of myopia in patients with XYY syndrome is not yet fully understood, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis for syndromic myopia.

简介与目的：XYY综合征是一种较为常见且易误诊的疾病。此外，高度近视在这种综合征中似乎比在一般人群中更常见。因此，本报告的目的是强调XYY综合征与高度近视的关系。材料与方法：1例病例报告。结果：我们检查了一名有XYY综合征病史的8岁男性患者。体格检查：身高高，耳亭植入位置低，中脸发育不全，睑裂水平。眼科检查显示双眼早发性高度近视，右眼完全性核性白内障及慢性视网膜脱离。讨论：XYY综合征患者似乎表现出高度流行的近视。虽然XYY综合征患者近视的病理生理尚不完全清楚，但应将其作为综合征性近视的鉴别诊断。

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