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Exerkines: A Crosstalk between Lactate Production, Exercise and Mental Health. 运动:乳酸生产、运动和心理健康之间的对话。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273250928231009054658
Alberto Souza Sá Filho, Silvio Roberto Barsanulfo, Sara Socorro Faria, Pedro Augusto Inacio, Farahnaz Ayatizadeh, Sérgio Machado

Muscle skeletal striated cells secrete a wide range of proteins called myokines or "exerkines", which in turn perform autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine functions. For being able to act in the communication between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and mainly the brain, exerkines play a prominent role and potential influence on health promotion. Furthermore, we detected in the literature that one of these potential therapeutic substances derived from muscle contraction is a molecule derived from glycolytic metabolism that in the past was largely marginalized, the lactate. Currently, studies are dedicated to examining the target structures for exerkines that may contribute to the maintenance and restoration of mental health. Thus, lactate appears to be recognized as a critical mediator of exercise-related changes and their health benefits, particularly in their role in communication and coordination between organs. It is inferred that the BDNF expression mechanism can be induced by lactate, which in turn derives from the activation of SIRT pathways 1 and 2 and activates the PGC1-α cascade. The behavior of lactate concentration is intensity-dependent, directly related to the type of fast-twitch fibers (type IIb) and the recruitment of these fibers would potentiate the responses in the brain. In this sense, high-intensity exercise would establish itself as an important strategy to be considered. Despite this understanding, there is still much to be done. However, lactate appears to be a highly promising exerkine for future research initiatives and a potential biomarker to reduce illness and promote mental health.

肌肉骨骼纹状细胞分泌一系列被称为肌细胞因子或“运动因子”的蛋白质,这些蛋白质反过来执行自分泌、旁分泌或内分泌功能。运动因子能够参与骨骼肌、脂肪组织,主要是大脑之间的交流,在促进健康方面发挥着重要作用和潜在影响。此外,我们在文献中发现,这些源自肌肉收缩的潜在治疗物质之一是一种源自糖酵解代谢的分子,乳酸在过去很大程度上被边缘化。目前,研究致力于检查可能有助于维持和恢复心理健康的运动因子的目标结构。因此,乳酸似乎被认为是运动相关变化及其健康益处的关键介质,特别是在其在器官之间的沟通和协调中的作用。据推测,BDNF的表达机制可以由乳酸诱导,乳酸反过来源于SIRT通路1和2的激活,并激活PGC1-α级联。乳酸浓度的行为是强度依赖性的,与快速抽搐纤维(IIb型)的类型直接相关,这些纤维的募集会增强大脑中的反应。从这个意义上说,高强度运动将成为一项需要考虑的重要策略。尽管有这样的理解,仍有许多工作要做。然而,乳酸似乎是未来研究计划中一种非常有前途的运动因子,也是减少疾病和促进心理健康的潜在生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Astrogliosis in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease: Insights into Astrocytic Nrf2 Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target. 星形胶质细胞增生症在帕金森病发病机制中的作用:对星形细胞Nrf2通路作为潜在治疗靶点的见解。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273270473231002104610
Bharat Bhushan, Niraj Kumar Singh

Recently, Parkinson's disease (PD) has become a remarkable burden on families and society with an acceleration of population aging having several pathological hallmarks such as dopaminergic neuronal loss of the substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synucleinopathy, neuroinflammation, autophagy, last but not the least astrogliosis. Astrocyte, star-shaped glial cells perform notable physiological functions in the brain through several molecular and cellular mechanisms including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. It has been well established that the downregulation of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD because it is a master regulator of cellular defense mechanism along with a regulator of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes gene expression. Fascinatingly, upregulation of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway attenuates the degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons, restores neuronal proliferation, rejuvenates astrocytic functions, and exhibits neuroprotective effects via numerous cellular and molecular mechanisms in the PD-like brain of the experimental animal. Here, we discuss the numerous in-vitro and in-vivo studies that evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway against experimentally-induced PD-like manifestation. In conclusion, based on available preclinical reports, it can be assumed that the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway could be an alternative target in the drug discovery process for the prevention, management, and treatment of PD.

最近,随着人口老龄化的加速,帕金森病(PD)已成为家庭和社会的一个显著负担,其具有几个病理特征,如黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元丧失、α-突触核蛋白病、神经炎症、自噬,最后但并非最不重要的星形胶质细胞增生。星形胶质细胞通过多种分子和细胞机制在大脑中发挥显著的生理功能,包括核因子-红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)信号通路。星形细胞Nrf2信号通路的下调在PD的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用,因为它是细胞防御机制的主要调节因子,也是许多解毒和抗氧化酶基因表达的调节因子。令人着迷的是,星形细胞Nrf2信号通路的上调减轻了黑质纹状体神经元的退化,恢复了神经元增殖,使星形细胞功能恢复活力,并通过实验动物PD样脑中的许多细胞和分子机制表现出神经保护作用。在这里,我们讨论了许多体外和体内研究,这些研究评估了星形细胞Nrf2信号通路对实验诱导的PD样表现的神经保护潜力。总之,根据现有的临床前报告,可以假设星形细胞Nrf2信号通路可能是预防、管理和治疗帕金森病的药物发现过程中的一个替代靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Safety and Efficacy of Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide Receptor Antagonists and Selective Serotonin Receptor Agonist in the Management of Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 降钙素基因相关肽受体拮抗剂和选择性羟色胺受体激动剂治疗偏头痛的安全性和有效性:系统综述与元分析》。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273304677240529062909
Pooja Singh, Rakesh Kumar Ponnada, Ruchika Sharma, Bommaraju Sumadhura, Anoop Kumar, Ashok Kumar Datusalia

Background: Recently, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists (rimegepant, and ubrogepant), and selective serotonin receptor agonists (lasmiditan) in the management of migraine. However, the exact safety and efficacy profile of these drugs is unclear so far.

Methods: The study's primary objective was to determine the exact safety and efficacy profile. The overall estimate was calculated in terms of risk ratios using a suitable model. The subgroup analysis was also performed to check the effect of individual drugs on the outcome, whereas sensitivity analysis was performed to check the effects of outliers on the outcome. All the analyses were performed using Rev Man 5. The drugs have shown significant improvement in efficacy parameters (pain freedom, most bothersome symptoms, phonophobia, nausea, and photophobia).

Results: The subgroup analysis results have shown significant improvement in all efficacy parameters in the rimegepant and ubrogepant groups. The effect of ubrogepant on safety parameters was found to be non-significant, indicating a better safety profile of ubrogepant than lasmiditan.

Conclusion: The sensitivity analysis results have shown no effect of outliers on the efficacy parameters. Based on the available evidence, recently approved drugs are effective in the treatment of migraine, however, associated with few adverse drug reactions.

背景:最近,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准降钙素基因相关肽受体拮抗剂(rimegepant和ubrogepant)和选择性5-羟色胺受体激动剂(lasmiditan)用于治疗偏头痛。然而,迄今为止,这些药物的确切安全性和疗效尚不清楚:研究的主要目的是确定确切的安全性和疗效。采用合适的模型,以风险比的形式计算总体估计值。此外,还进行了亚组分析,以检查单个药物对结果的影响,并进行了敏感性分析,以检查异常值对结果的影响。所有分析均使用 Rev Man 5 进行。这些药物在疗效参数(无痛、最令人烦恼的症状、畏音、恶心和畏光)方面均有明显改善:亚组分析结果表明,利美昔班组和乌洛格班组的所有疗效参数均有明显改善。结果:亚组分析结果显示,利美盖潘组和乌洛盖潘组的所有疗效指标均有明显改善,乌洛盖潘对安全性指标的影响不显著,表明乌洛盖潘的安全性优于拉斯米丹:敏感性分析结果表明,异常值对疗效参数没有影响。根据现有证据,最近批准的药物对治疗偏头痛有效,但与之相关的药物不良反应较少。
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引用次数: 0
Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Disorders Associated to Major Depressive Disorder: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Opportunities. 与严重抑郁症相关的昼夜节律和睡眠障碍:病理生理学和治疗机会。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273254093231020052002
Luana M Manosso, Luciano A Duarte, Nicoly S Martinello, Gisiane B Mathia, Gislaine Z Réus

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex mood disorder. While much progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of MDD, no single mechanism can explain all facets of this disorder. Several studies show that disturbances in biological rhythms can lead to the development of MDD. Indeed, insomnia or hypersomnia are symptoms included in the MDD diagnostic criteria. Clinical studies and meta-analyses showed a strong relationship between MDD and sleep disorders. Sleep disorder and MDD are associated with activation in the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammation. The increase in inflammatory response can activate the kynurenine pathway, decrease serotonin synthesis, and affect other factors involved in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric conditions. Moreover, sleep disorders and MDD can change the gut microbiota and alter the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Thus, this review discusses the relationship between MDD, circadian rhythms, and sleep disorders, describing the potential pathophysiological mechanism shared in these conditions. In addition, therapeutic opportunities based on antiinflammatory, antioxidant, HPA axis regulatory, and synapse-modulating actions are raised. For the article search, we used the PubMed database. Both sleep disorders and changes in biological rhythms have a bidirectional relationship with MDD. Although some pathophysiological mechanisms, including inflammation, changes in the gut microbiota, and decreased neuroplasticity, may be involved in the relationship between sleep, circadian rhythms, and MDD, other mechanisms are not yet well understood. Therapeutic opportunities based on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, HPA regulatory axis, and synapse modulating actions appear to be promising targets in preventing MDD, circadian rhythm disturbances, and sleep disorders.

重度抑郁障碍(MDD)是一种复杂的情绪障碍。虽然在理解MDD的病理生理学方面取得了很大进展,但没有一种单一的机制可以解释这种疾病的所有方面。几项研究表明,生物节律的紊乱会导致MDD的发展。事实上,失眠或嗜睡是MDD诊断标准中包含的症状。临床研究和荟萃分析显示MDD与睡眠障碍之间有着密切的关系。睡眠障碍和MDD与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的激活和炎症有关。炎症反应的增加可以激活犬尿氨酸途径,减少血清素的合成,并影响其他参与神经精神疾病病理生理学的因素。此外,睡眠障碍和MDD可以改变肠道微生物群并改变微生物群-肠-脑轴。因此,这篇综述讨论了MDD、昼夜节律和睡眠障碍之间的关系,描述了这些条件下的潜在病理生理机制。此外,基于抗炎、抗氧化、HPA轴调节和突触调节作用的治疗机会也增加了。对于文章搜索,我们使用PubMed数据库。睡眠障碍和生物节律的变化都与MDD有双向关系。尽管一些病理生理机制,包括炎症、肠道微生物群的变化和神经可塑性降低,可能与睡眠、昼夜节律和MDD之间的关系有关,但其他机制尚不清楚。基于抗炎、抗氧化、HPA调节轴和突触调节作用的治疗机会似乎是预防MDD、昼夜节律紊乱和睡眠障碍的有希望的靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Phosphodiesterase 2 and Its Isoform A as Therapeutic Targets in the Central Nervous System Disorders. 磷酸二酯酶2及其异构体a作为中枢神经系统疾病的治疗靶点。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1871527323666230811093126
Sanjay K Metkar, Yuqing Yan, Yue Lu, Jianming Lu, Xiongwei Zhu, Fu Du, Ying Xu

Cyclic adenosine monophosphates (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are two essential second messengers, which are hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterase's (PDEs), such as PDE-2. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE-2 (PDE2A) in the central nervous system improves cAMP and cGMP signaling, which controls downstream proteins related to neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Considering that there are no specific treatments for these disorders, PDE-2 inhibitors' development has gained more attention in the recent decade. There is high demand for developing new-generation drugs targeting PDE2 for treating diseases in the central nervous and peripheral systems. This review summarizes the relationship between PDE-2 with neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as its possible treatment, mainly involving inhibitors of PDE2.

环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)是两种重要的第二信使,它们被磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)水解,如PDE-2。中枢神经系统中PDE-2(PDE2A)的药理学抑制改善了cAMP和cGMP信号传导,后者控制与神经精神、神经退行性和神经发育障碍相关的下游蛋白质。考虑到目前还没有针对这些疾病的特异性治疗方法,PDE-2抑制剂的开发在最近十年受到了更多的关注。开发靶向PDE2的新一代药物以治疗中枢神经和外周系统疾病的需求很高。本文综述了PDE-2与神经精神、神经退行性和神经发育障碍的关系及其可能的治疗方法,主要涉及PDE2抑制剂。
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引用次数: 0
The Landscape of Randomized Clinical Trial Meta-analyses on Statins for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Scoping Review. 他汀类药物治疗动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的随机临床试验荟萃分析:范围界定综述。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273270503230928100141
Panagiotis Skouras, Theodosis Kalamatianos, Mariam Markouli, Angelos Karagiannis, Lampis C Stavrinou

Introduction: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a type of non-traumatic SAH that can have detrimental effects on the central nervous system, resulting in severe disability or death.

Methods: Early nimodipine is currently the only strongly recommended pharmacological treatment that has shown efficacy in improving neurological/functional outcomes in aSAH patients. Whether statin treatment is of benefit to aSAH patients is an issue that has generated considerable interest and debate. In the present scoping review, we mapped and analyzed the available literature on metaanalyses of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the effect of statins on aSAH. Seventeen meta-analyses of RCTs, published between 2008 and 2023, were identified.

Results: Treatments in included meta-analyses were based on various regimens of simvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin or atorvastatin for up to 21 days. Eleven of the included reports indicated some beneficial effect of statin treatment, reducing rates of at least one of the following: cerebral vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia/delayed ischemic neurologic deficit, mortality or functional/ neurological outcome. In contrast, six meta-analyses, showed no such effects.

Conclusion: The limitations reported by several meta-analyses, included low patient numbers or disproportionate representation of patients from certain RCTs, differences in drug treatment, patient diagnostic criteria and outcome evaluation between RCTs, as well as poor data quality or lack of RCTs data. Knowledge of the reported limitations may aid the design of future clinical trials and/or their meta-analyses.

引言:动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)是一种非创伤性SAH,可对中枢神经系统产生有害影响,导致严重残疾或死亡。方法:早期尼莫地平是目前唯一被强烈推荐的药物治疗方法,在改善aSAH患者的神经/功能结果方面显示出疗效。他汀类药物治疗是否对aSAH患者有益是一个引起人们极大兴趣和争论的问题。在本范围界定综述中,我们绘制并分析了有关随机临床试验(RCT)荟萃分析的可用文献,这些试验旨在检查他汀类药物对aSAH的影响。确定了2008年至2023年间发表的17项随机对照试验荟萃分析。结果:纳入荟萃分析中的治疗是基于辛伐他汀、普伐他汀、匹伐他汀或阿托伐他汀的不同方案,持续21天。纳入的11份报告表明他汀类药物治疗具有一些有益效果,可降低以下至少一种疾病的发生率:脑血管痉挛、延迟性脑缺血/延迟性缺血性神经功能缺损、死亡率或功能/神经结果。相比之下,六项荟萃分析没有显示出这样的影响。结论:几项荟萃分析报告的局限性包括某些随机对照试验的患者数量低或患者比例过高,药物治疗、患者诊断标准和随机对照试验之间的结果评估存在差异,以及数据质量差或缺乏随机对照试验数据。了解报告的局限性可能有助于设计未来的临床试验和/或其荟萃分析。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacotherapy in SAH: Clinical Trial Lessons. SAH 的药物治疗:临床试验的启示。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273251761231127095039
Sotirios Apostolakis, Pantelis Stavrinou

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) is a medical emergency with potentially devastating outcomes. It is without doubt that over the past decades, there has been a radical change in the approach towards patients with SAH, both in terms of the surgical as well as of the pharmacological treatments offered. The present review aims to outline the principal data regarding the best practice in the pharmacotherapy of SAH, as well as to sum up the emerging evidence from the latest clinical trials. To date, nimodipine is the only evidence-based treatment of vasospasm. However, extensive research is currently underway to identify novel substances with magnesium sulphate, cilostazol, clazosentan and fasudil, demonstrating promising results. Antifibrinolytic therapy could help reduce mortality, and anticoagulants, in spite of their associated hazards, could actually reduce the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia. The effectiveness of triple-H therapy has been challenged, yet evidence on the optimal regimen is still pending. Statins may benefit some patients by reducing the incidence of vasospasm and delayed ischemic events. As several clinical trials are underway, it is expected that in the years to come, more therapeutic options will be added to the attending physician's armamentarium.

蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)是一种具有潜在破坏性后果的急症。毫无疑问,在过去几十年中,治疗 SAH 患者的方法发生了翻天覆地的变化,无论是手术治疗还是药物治疗。本综述旨在概述有关 SAH 药物治疗最佳实践的主要数据,并总结最新临床试验的新证据。迄今为止,尼莫地平是治疗血管痉挛的唯一循证药物。不过,目前正在进行广泛的研究,以确定硫酸镁、西洛他唑、克拉生坦和法舒地尔等新型物质,并取得了可喜的成果。抗纤维蛋白溶解疗法有助于降低死亡率,而抗凝剂尽管存在相关危害,但实际上可以降低延迟性脑缺血的发生率。三H疗法的有效性受到质疑,但最佳治疗方案的证据仍有待确定。他汀类药物可降低血管痉挛和延迟性缺血事件的发生率,从而使一些患者受益。由于多项临床试验正在进行中,预计在未来几年内,主治医师将有更多的治疗选择。
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引用次数: 0
Gastrointestinal Issues in Depression, Anxiety, and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review on Pathways and Clinical Targets Implications. 抑郁症、焦虑症和神经退行性疾病中的胃肠道问题:关于途径和临床目标影响的系统性综述》。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273289138240306050532
Ian Richard Lucena Andriolo, Bruna Longo, Dayse Machado de Melo, Márcia Maria de Souza, Rui Daniel Prediger, Luisa Mota da Silva

Introduction: Multiple illnesses commonly involve both the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) simultaneously. Consistent evidence suggests that neurological disorders impair GI tract function and worsen the symptomatology and pathophysiology of digestive disorders. On the other hand, it has been proposed that early functional changes in the GI tract contribute to the genesis of several CNS illnesses. Additionally, the role played by the gut in these diseases can be seen as a paradigm for how the gut and the brain interact.

Methods: We mentioned significant GI symptoms and discussed how the GI tract affects central nervous system illnesses, including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease in this study. We also explored potential pathophysiological underpinnings and novel targets for the creation of future therapies targeted at gut-brain connections.

Results & discussion: In this situation, modulating the gut microbiota through the administration of fecal microbiota transplants or probiotics may represent a new therapeutic option for this population, not only to treat GI problems but also behavioral problems, given the role that dysbiosis and leaky gut play in many neurological disorders.

Conclusion: Accurate diagnosis and treatment of co-existing illnesses also require coordination between psychiatrists, neurologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialties, as well as a thorough history and thorough physical examination.

简介:多种疾病通常同时涉及中枢神经系统(CNS)和胃肠道(GI):多种疾病通常同时涉及中枢神经系统(CNS)和胃肠道(GI)。一致的证据表明,神经系统疾病会损害消化道功能,加重消化系统疾病的症状和病理生理。另一方面,也有人提出,消化道的早期功能变化是多种中枢神经系统疾病的诱因。此外,肠道在这些疾病中所扮演的角色可被视为肠道与大脑相互作用的范例:本研究中,我们提到了重要的消化道症状,并讨论了消化道如何影响中枢神经系统疾病,包括抑郁症、焦虑症、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。我们还探讨了潜在的病理生理学基础和新的靶点,以便未来针对肠道与大脑的联系创造疗法:在这种情况下,通过粪便微生物群移植或益生菌来调节肠道微生物群可能是这一人群的一种新的治疗选择,不仅可以治疗消化道问题,还可以治疗行为问题,因为菌群失调和肠道渗漏在许多神经系统疾病中都扮演着重要角色:结论:对并存疾病的准确诊断和治疗还需要精神科医生、神经科医生、肠胃病学家和其他专科医生之间的协调,以及详尽的病史和全面的体格检查。
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引用次数: 0
Potential Neuroprotective Role of Neurotrophin in Traumatic Brain Injury. 神经营养素在创伤性脑损伤中的潜在神经保护作用
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273289222231219094225
Rei Shian Yap, Jaya Kumar, Seong Lin Teoh

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health issue that affects millions of people every year. It is caused by any form of external force, resulting in temporary or permanent impairments in the brain. The pathophysiological process following TBI usually involves excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, ischemia, and apoptotic cell death. It is challenging to find treatment for TBI due to its heterogeneous nature, and no therapeutic interventions have been approved thus far. Neurotrophins may represent an alternative approach for TBI treatment because they influence various functional activities in the brain. The present review highlights recent studies on neurotrophins shown to possess neuroprotective roles in TBI. Neurotrophins, specifically brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) have demonstrated reduced neuronal death, alleviated neuroinflammatory responses and improved neurological functions following TBI via their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Further studies are required to ensure the efficacy and safety of neurotrophins to be used as TBI treatment in clinical settings.

创伤性脑损伤(TBI)是一个重大的全球性健康问题,每年影响数百万人。它由任何形式的外力造成,导致大脑暂时或永久性损伤。创伤性脑损伤后的病理生理过程通常包括兴奋毒性、线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激、炎症、缺血和细胞凋亡。由于创伤性脑损伤具有异质性,因此寻找治疗方法具有挑战性,迄今为止还没有任何治疗干预措施获得批准。神经营养素可能是治疗创伤性脑损伤的另一种方法,因为它们会影响大脑的各种功能活动。本综述重点介绍了有关神经营养素在创伤性脑损伤中具有神经保护作用的最新研究。神经营养素,特别是脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和神经生长因子(NGF)通过其免疫调节、抗炎和抗氧化特性,减少了创伤性脑损伤后神经元的死亡、减轻了神经炎症反应并改善了神经功能。要确保神经营养素在临床上作为创伤性脑损伤治疗的有效性和安全性,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Psychological Stress on Multiple Sclerosis via HPA Axis-mediated Modulation of Natural Killer T Cell Activity. 心理压力通过 HPA 轴介导的自然杀伤 T 细胞活性调节对多发性硬化症的影响
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273315953240528075542
Yafei Gao, Wenying Liu, Paiyu Liu, Min Li, Bing Ni

The involvement of psychological stress and Natural Killer T (NKT) cells in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis has been identified in the progression of this disease. Psychological stress can impact disease occurrence, relapse, and severity through its effects on the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and immune responses. NKT cells are believed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, with recent evidence suggesting their distinct functional alterations following activation of the HPA axis under conditions of psychological stress. This review summarizes the associations between psychological stress, NKT cells, and multiple sclerosis while discussing the potential mechanism for how NKT cells mediate the effects of psychological stress on this disease.

心理压力和自然杀伤T细胞(NKT)参与多发性硬化症的病理生理学研究,已被确认与该疾病的进展有关。心理压力会影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴和免疫反应,从而影响疾病的发生、复发和严重程度。据信,NKT 细胞在多发性硬化症的发病机制中起着关键作用,最近的证据表明,在心理压力条件下激活 HPA 轴后,NKT 细胞的功能会发生明显改变。本综述总结了心理压力、NKT 细胞和多发性硬化症之间的关联,同时讨论了 NKT 细胞如何介导心理压力对该疾病影响的潜在机制。
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引用次数: 0
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