Experimental gerontology最新文献_第9页

Effects of low muscle-to-fat ratio and high fat mass on all-cause mortality in patients with sarcopenia in central Taiwan: A comparative study 低肌脂比与高脂肪量对台湾中部地区肌肉减少症患者全因死亡率之影响：一项比较研究。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112951

Cheng-Fu Lin , Shih-Yi Lin , Sheng-Heng Tsai , Kang-Ting Tsai , Pei-Iun Hsieh , Chiann-Yi Hsu , Shuo-Chun Weng

Background

The interrelation between sarcopenia and obesity is both reciprocal and pathogenic. Nevertheless, the operational definitions and subsequent findings of sarcopenic obesity (SO) demonstrate variability and inconsistency. This study explored the relationships between sarcopenia and total muscle-to-fat ratio (tMFR), fat mass (FM) ratio, and all-cause mortality.

Methods

This retrospective study recruited inpatients and outpatients aged 18 years and older in a tertiary-hospital-based cohort study from 2018 to 2024. Sarcopenia (SP) was defined by low muscle strength (lowest 20 % of handgrip strength), low physical performance (lowest 20 % of 6-meter walking), and low appendicular skeletal mass index (<7.0 kg/m² for men; <5.4 kg/m² for women). Low tMFR or high FM ratio was defined as the lowest and highest quartiles, respectively, for categorizing obesity. The Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the primary outcome.

Results

The mean age of the 538 patients was 67.9 ± 14.0 years, and 72.7 % were female. After median (interquartile range) 0.7 (0.2–1.4) years of follow-up, 22 patients had died. Among the 32 patients with sarcopenia and low tMFR, as well as the 31 patients with sarcopenia and high FM ratio, significant characteristics included older age, male predominance, high android-to-gynoid fat ratio, and increased total fat. Older age, sarcopenia, osteoporosis, multimorbidity, serum creatinine, albumin, glycated hemoglobin, and alkaline phosphate were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. After adjusting for age and multimorbidity, SP patients with a low tMFR showed a non-significant trend toward higher all-cause mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.26; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.92–11.48), while those with a high FM ratio had a significantly increased risk (HR = 3.83; 95 % CI = 1.10–13.39). Given the limited number of deaths (events), the statistical power of the study may be inadequate, although true associations are likely to exist.

Conclusion

The study underscores the significant associations between low tMFR, high FM ratio, and increased all-cause mortality in patients with sarcopenia. However, considering short follow-up time and limited mortality with a wide hazard ratio in our study, further longer follow up is necessary.

背景：肌肉减少症与肥胖之间既有相互关系又有致病关系。然而，肌少性肥胖（SO）的操作定义和随后的结果显示出可变性和不一致性。本研究探讨了肌肉减少症与总肌脂比（tMFR）、脂肪量（FM）比和全因死亡率之间的关系。方法：本回顾性研究在2018 - 2024年以三级医院为基础的队列研究中招募了18岁 及以上的住院和门诊患者。肌肉减少症（SP）的定义是肌肉力量低（握力最低20% %），身体表现低（6米步行最低20% %），阑尾骨骼质量指数低（男性2，女性2）。低tMFR或高FM比率分别被定义为肥胖分类的最低和最高四分位数。主要结局采用Cox比例风险模型和Kaplan-Meier曲线。结果：538例患者平均年龄为67.9 ± 14.0 岁，其中72.7 %为女性。在中位（四分位间距）0.7（0.2-1.4）年的随访后，22例患者死亡。32例肌少症低tMFR患者，以及31例肌少症高FM比例患者，显著特征为年龄偏大、男性居多、雄激素与雌激素脂肪比高、总脂肪增加。年龄较大、肌肉减少症、骨质疏松症、多病、血清肌酐、白蛋白、糖化血红蛋白和碱性磷酸盐与全因死亡率显著相关。在调整了年龄和multimorbidity, SP患者低tMFR显示趋势朝着更高的全因死亡率风险(风险比[HR] = 3.26;95 %可信区间[CI] = 0.92 - -11.48),而高调频比风险显著增加(HR = 3.83;95 CI  % = 1.10 - -13.39)。鉴于死亡（事件）的数量有限，尽管可能存在真正的关联，但该研究的统计效力可能不足。结论：该研究强调了低tMFR、高FM比率与肌少症患者全因死亡率增加之间的显著相关性。但考虑到本研究随访时间短，死亡率有限，风险比较宽，需要进一步延长随访时间。

{"title":"Effects of low muscle-to-fat ratio and high fat mass on all-cause mortality in patients with sarcopenia in central Taiwan: A comparative study","authors":"Cheng-Fu Lin , Shih-Yi Lin , Sheng-Heng Tsai , Kang-Ting Tsai , Pei-Iun Hsieh , Chiann-Yi Hsu , Shuo-Chun Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The interrelation between sarcopenia and obesity is both reciprocal and pathogenic. Nevertheless, the operational definitions and subsequent findings of sarcopenic obesity (SO) demonstrate variability and inconsistency. This study explored the relationships between sarcopenia and total muscle-to-fat ratio (tMFR), fat mass (FM) ratio, and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study recruited inpatients and outpatients aged 18 years and older in a tertiary-hospital-based cohort study from 2018 to 2024. Sarcopenia (SP) was defined by low muscle strength (lowest 20 % of handgrip strength), low physical performance (lowest 20 % of 6-meter walking), and low appendicular skeletal mass index (<7.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for men; <5.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for women). Low tMFR or high FM ratio was defined as the lowest and highest quartiles, respectively, for categorizing obesity. The Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the primary outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the 538 patients was 67.9 ± 14.0 years, and 72.7 % were female. After median (interquartile range) 0.7 (0.2–1.4) years of follow-up, 22 patients had died. Among the 32 patients with sarcopenia and low tMFR, as well as the 31 patients with sarcopenia and high FM ratio, significant characteristics included older age, male predominance, high android-to-gynoid fat ratio, and increased total fat. Older age, sarcopenia, osteoporosis, multimorbidity, serum creatinine, albumin, glycated hemoglobin, and alkaline phosphate were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. After adjusting for age and multimorbidity, SP patients with a low tMFR showed a non-significant trend toward higher all-cause mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.26; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.92–11.48), while those with a high FM ratio had a significantly increased risk (HR = 3.83; 95 % CI = 1.10–13.39). Given the limited number of deaths (events), the statistical power of the study may be inadequate, although true associations are likely to exist.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the significant associations between low tMFR, high FM ratio, and increased all-cause mortality in patients with sarcopenia. However, considering short follow-up time and limited mortality with a wide hazard ratio in our study, further longer follow up is necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145453114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of exergame interventions on muscle strength in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis 运动干预对老年人肌肉力量的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112958

Jackie Zhanbiao Li , Xuewen Tang , Wanqin Hu , Ming Chen , Mengmeng Zhang , Yingqian Lao , Lei Tang

Background

The decline in muscle strength among older adults significantly affects their quality of life and independence, while increasing the risk of falls and associated complications. Given the limitations of traditional resistance training, there is an urgent need for innovative interventions to address these challenges effectively.

Objective

This study evaluated the efficacy of exergames in improving muscle strength among older adults, focusing on handgrip strength, (lower body strength), arm curl (upper body strength), and knee extension.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered on PROSPER(CDR42024588218). Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 September 2024. Eligible 22 high-quality RCTs were included with a PEDro score ≥ 6. The analysis compared exergames to control or usual care groups in enhancing muscle strength.

Results

A total of 22 RCTs involving 1312 participants were included. Versus usual care: Exergames significantly improved handgrip strength (SMD = 2.82, 95 %CI[0.42,5.21], P < 0.001) and chair stand (SMD = 2.69, 95 %CI[2.37,3.00], P < 0.001), but both had extreme heterogeneity (I² = 98 %). Arm curl showed significant effects (SMD = 7.99, 95 %CI[7.34,8.65], P < 0.001) with high publication bias and heterogeneity (I² = 95 %); Versus non-exercise controls: Handgrip strength results were non-robust (SMD = -0.80, 95 %CI[−1.33,-0.28], P = 0.003, I² = 95 %); chair stand had no significant difference (SMD = 0.17, 95 %CI[−0.16,0.50], P = 0.32, I² = 95 %). Knee extension analysis was invalid due to conflicting effect directions in 2 studies.

Conclusion

Insufficient evidence due to heterogeneous comparators for improving handgrip strength and chair stand (lower body strength) in older adults when compared to usual care. However, conclusions are limited by extreme between-study heterogeneity (I² = 95 %–98 %), small total sample size (n = 1312), high publication bias for some outcomes, and lack of direct comparisons with traditional interventions (e.g., resistance training). Findings are limited by lack of standardized usual care definitions (64 % of studies). More homogeneous, large-scale studies are needed to validate efficacy.

背景：老年人肌肉力量的下降显著影响他们的生活质量和独立性，同时增加跌倒和相关并发症的风险。鉴于传统阻力训练的局限性，迫切需要创新的干预措施来有效地解决这些挑战。目的：本研究评估运动在提高老年人肌肉力量方面的功效，重点关注握力（下半身力量）、臂屈（上半身力量）和膝关节伸展。方法：遵循PRISMA 2020指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析，并在PROSPER（CDR42024588218）上注册。检索的数据库包括PubMed、Embase、MEDLINE、Web of Science和CINAHL，检索时间从成立到2024年9月11日。纳入符合条件的22项高质量随机对照试验，PEDro评分 ≥ 6。该分析将运动组与对照组或常规护理组在增强肌肉力量方面进行了比较。结果：共纳入22项随机对照试验，共1312名受试者。与常规护理相比：Exergames显著提高了手握力（SMD = 2.82,95 %CI[0.42,5.21], P 2 = 98 %）。旋臂效果显著（SMD = 7.99,95 %CI[7.34,8.65], P 2 = 95 %）；与非运动对照组相比：握力结果无稳健性（SMD = -0.80,95 %CI[-1.33,-0.28], P = 0.003,I2 = 95 %）；椅子支架无显著差异（SMD = 0.17,95 %CI[-0.16,0.50], P = 0.32,I2 = 95 %）。由于2项研究的作用方向相互冲突，膝关节伸展分析无效。结论：与常规护理相比，由于异质性比较，老年人的握力和椅子站立（下半身力量）的改善证据不足。然而，由于研究间的极端异质性（I2 = 95 %-98 %）、总样本量小（n = 1312）、某些结果的高发表偏倚以及缺乏与传统干预措施（如阻力训练）的直接比较，结论受到限制。由于缺乏标准化的常规护理定义（64% %的研究），研究结果受到限制。需要更均匀、更大规模的研究来验证其有效性。

{"title":"Efficacy of exergame interventions on muscle strength in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jackie Zhanbiao Li , Xuewen Tang , Wanqin Hu , Ming Chen , Mengmeng Zhang , Yingqian Lao , Lei Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The decline in muscle strength among older adults significantly affects their quality of life and independence, while increasing the risk of falls and associated complications. Given the limitations of traditional resistance training, there is an urgent need for innovative interventions to address these challenges effectively.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the efficacy of exergames in improving muscle strength among older adults, focusing on handgrip strength, (lower body strength), arm curl (upper body strength), and knee extension.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered on PROSPER(CDR42024588218). Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 September 2024. Eligible 22 high-quality RCTs were included with a PEDro score ≥ 6. The analysis compared exergames to control or usual care groups in enhancing muscle strength.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 22 RCTs involving 1312 participants were included. Versus usual care: Exergames significantly improved handgrip strength (SMD = 2.82, 95 %CI[0.42,5.21], <em>P</em> < 0.001) and chair stand (SMD = 2.69, 95 %CI[2.37,3.00], P < 0.001), but both had extreme heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 98 %). Arm curl showed significant effects (SMD = 7.99, 95 %CI[7.34,8.65], P < 0.001) with high publication bias and heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 95 %); Versus non-exercise controls: Handgrip strength results were non-robust (SMD = -0.80, 95 %CI[−1.33,-0.28], <em>P</em> = 0.003, I<sup>2</sup> = 95 %); chair stand had no significant difference (SMD = 0.17, 95 %CI[−0.16,0.50], <em>P</em> = 0.32, I<sup>2</sup> = 95 %). Knee extension analysis was invalid due to conflicting effect directions in 2 studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Insufficient evidence due to heterogeneous comparators for improving handgrip strength and chair stand (lower body strength) in older adults when compared to usual care. However, conclusions are limited by extreme between-study heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 95 %–98 %), small total sample size (<em>n</em> = 1312), high publication bias for some outcomes, and lack of direct comparisons with traditional interventions (e.g., resistance training). Findings are limited by lack of standardized usual care definitions (64 % of studies). More homogeneous, large-scale studies are needed to validate efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissecting the role of plasma and urinary metabolites in bone mineral density: Evidence from a bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization study 血浆和尿液代谢物在骨密度中的作用：来自双向单变量孟德尔随机研究的证据。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112945

Tianwei Xie , Guiwen Ye , Yuanquan Chen , Shuai Fan , Guojian Li , Xinglang Wang , Chenhao Xu , Zhipeng Chen , Jiacong Hong

Background

Plasma and urinary metabolites offer valuable insights into diverse metabolic pathways, potentially playing a pivotal role in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Investigating their association could significantly enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of osteoporosis.

Methods

This research employed bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization analyses to causally examine 1296 plasma and 1399 urinary metabolites in relation to estimated bone mineral density (BMD). Subsequent bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization analyses used these metabolites to further validate these relationships and elucidate the impact of age.

Results

15 plasma and 5 urinary metabolites demonstrated a causal link with estimated BMD. Further analysis identified 3 metabolites with causal associations in at least one age subgroup. Taurocholenate sulfate exhibited a causal association with total body BMD of all age group (β = 0.04, 95 % CI = 0.02–0.06, p = 8.57E-04), 45–60 years group (β = 0.07, 95 % CI = 0.03–0.012, p = 1.40E-03), over 60 years age group (β = 0.06, 95 % CI = 0.02–0.011, p = 3.37E-03). Taurodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate demonstrated a causal link to total body BMD within the 45–60 group (β = 0.07, 95 %CI = 0.02–0.012, p = 3.21E-03). Octadecadienedioate was related to total body BMD in the 45–60 years group (β = 0.07, 95 %CI = 0.02–0.012, p = 4.61E-03).

Conclusions

This research deepens our insight into metabolite and bone mineral density interactions. The three lipid-related metabolites with causal links to bone density could be potential markers and targets for osteoporosis treatment, especially in middle-aged and older adults.

背景：血浆和尿液代谢物为多种代谢途径提供了有价值的见解，可能在骨质疏松症的发病机制中发挥关键作用。研究它们之间的关联可以显著提高我们对骨质疏松症潜在机制的理解。方法：本研究采用双向单变量孟德尔随机分析，对1296种血浆代谢物和1399种尿液代谢物与骨矿物质密度（BMD）的关系进行因果分析。随后的双向单变量孟德尔随机化分析使用这些代谢物进一步验证了这些关系，并阐明了年龄的影响。结果：15种血浆代谢物和5种尿液代谢物与估计的骨密度有因果关系。进一步的分析确定了3种代谢物与至少一个年龄亚组的因果关系。硫酸Taurocholenate表现出因果联系全身骨密度的年龄组(β = 0.04,95 % CI = 0.02 - -0.06,p = 8.57 e-04), 45 - 60 年组(β = 0.07,95 % CI = 0.03 - -0.012,p = 1.40 e 03), 60 多年年龄组(β = 0.06,95 % CI = 0.02 - -0.011,p = 3.37 e 03)。在45-60岁的人群中，牛磺酸脱氧胆酸3-硫酸盐与总体骨密度存在因果关系（β = 0.07,95 %CI = 0.02-0.012,p = 3.21E-03）。在45-60岁 年龄组中，octadecadienediate与总体骨密度相关（β = 0.07,95 %CI = 0.02-0.012,p = 4.61E-03）。结论：这项研究加深了我们对代谢物和骨密度相互作用的认识。这三种与骨密度有因果关系的脂质相关代谢物可能是骨质疏松症治疗的潜在标志和目标，特别是在中老年人中。

{"title":"Dissecting the role of plasma and urinary metabolites in bone mineral density: Evidence from a bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Tianwei Xie , Guiwen Ye , Yuanquan Chen , Shuai Fan , Guojian Li , Xinglang Wang , Chenhao Xu , Zhipeng Chen , Jiacong Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Plasma and urinary metabolites offer valuable insights into diverse metabolic pathways, potentially playing a pivotal role in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Investigating their association could significantly enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of osteoporosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This research employed bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization analyses to causally examine 1296 plasma and 1399 urinary metabolites in relation to estimated bone mineral density (BMD). Subsequent bidirectional univariable Mendelian randomization analyses used these metabolites to further validate these relationships and elucidate the impact of age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>15 plasma and 5 urinary metabolites demonstrated a causal link with estimated BMD. Further analysis identified 3 metabolites with causal associations in at least one age subgroup. Taurocholenate sulfate exhibited a causal association with total body BMD of all age group (β = 0.04, 95 % CI = 0.02–0.06, <em>p</em> = 8.57E-04), 45–60 years group (β = 0.07, 95 % CI = 0.03–0.012, <em>p</em> = 1.40E-03), over 60 years age group (β = 0.06, 95 % CI = 0.02–0.011, <em>p</em> = 3.37E-03). Taurodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate demonstrated a causal link to total body BMD within the 45–60 group (β = 0.07, 95 %CI = 0.02–0.012, <em>p</em> = 3.21E-03). Octadecadienedioate was related to total body BMD in the 45–60 years group (β = 0.07, 95 %CI = 0.02–0.012, <em>p</em> = 4.61E-03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This research deepens our insight into metabolite and bone mineral density interactions. The three lipid-related metabolites with causal links to bone density could be potential markers and targets for osteoporosis treatment, especially in middle-aged and older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112945"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of hindlimb suspension on gastrointestinal integrity in aged rats: Segment-specific effects on inflammation and oxidative stress 后肢悬吊对老年大鼠胃肠道完整性的影响：对炎症和氧化应激的节段特异性影响。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112955

Ahmed Al-Dwairi , Sarah Obeidat , Aseel Shakhatreh , Othman Al-Shboul , Mohammad Alqudah , Mahmoud A. Alfaqih , Doa'a G.F. Al-U'datt

Background

Aging compromises gastrointestinal integrity and increases inflammation, making the elderly more vulnerable to physiological stressors. Prolonged immobility due to bedrest, frailty, or simulated microgravity, may exacerbate these age-related effects. Despite growing concerns, the impact of immobility on the aging gastrointestinal tract remains largely unexplored.

Methods

Aged (24 month-old) male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 8 per group) were assigned to control or 14-day hindlimb suspension (HLS) conditions to simulate immobility. Histological and molecular analyses were conducted on the ileum and colon. Protein concentrations of key inflammatory mediators, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified in tissue homogenates using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

HLS induced segment-specific changes; the ileum showed structural changes, with a 19 % reduction in villus height and 36 % thinning of the muscularis externa (p ≤ 0.002), accompanied by significant upregulation in NF-κB (3.9-fold) and IL-6 (11.8-fold) (p < 0.05). In contrast, the colon maintained histological integrity but exhibited increased NF-κB (66 %; p = 0.016), IL-6 (9.7-fold), MCP-1 (3.6-fold), and a twofold elevation in SOD (all p < 0.023).

Conclusion

HLS induced segment-specific changes in the aged intestine, with atrophic and inflammatory alterations in the ileum and increased markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the colon. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to preserve gastrointestinal health in immobilized elderly patients.

背景：衰老损害胃肠道完整性，增加炎症，使老年人更容易受到生理压力的影响。由于卧床、虚弱或模拟微重力导致的长期不活动可能会加剧这些与年龄相关的影响。尽管越来越多的关注，不动对胃肠道老化的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索。方法：老龄雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（24 月龄），每组 = 8只，给予对照组和14 d后肢悬吊（HLS）模拟静止状态。对回肠和结肠进行组织学和分子分析。采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）定量组织匀浆中关键炎症介质核因子κB （NF-κB）、白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 （MCP-1）及抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的蛋白浓度。结果：HLS诱导的节段特异性改变；回肠出现结构改变，绒毛高度减少19. %，外肌层变薄36. % (p ≤ 0.002)，并伴有NF-κB（3.9倍）和IL-6（11.8倍）的显著上调（p ）。结论：HLS诱导衰老肠道发生节段特异性变化，回肠出现萎缩和炎症改变，结肠炎症和氧化应激指标增加。这些发现强调需要有针对性的干预措施，以保持胃肠健康的老年患者固定。

{"title":"The impact of hindlimb suspension on gastrointestinal integrity in aged rats: Segment-specific effects on inflammation and oxidative stress","authors":"Ahmed Al-Dwairi , Sarah Obeidat , Aseel Shakhatreh , Othman Al-Shboul , Mohammad Alqudah , Mahmoud A. Alfaqih , Doa'a G.F. Al-U'datt","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aging compromises gastrointestinal integrity and increases inflammation, making the elderly more vulnerable to physiological stressors. Prolonged immobility due to bedrest, frailty, or simulated microgravity, may exacerbate these age-related effects. Despite growing concerns, the impact of immobility on the aging gastrointestinal tract remains largely unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Aged (24 month-old) male Sprague–Dawley rats (<em>n</em> = 8 per group) were assigned to control or 14-day hindlimb suspension (HLS) conditions to simulate immobility. Histological and molecular analyses were conducted on the ileum and colon. Protein concentrations of key inflammatory mediators, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified in tissue homogenates using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HLS induced segment-specific changes; the ileum showed structural changes, with a 19 % reduction in villus height and 36 % thinning of the muscularis externa (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.002), accompanied by significant upregulation in NF-κB (3.9-fold) and IL-6 (11.8-fold) (<em>p</em> < 0.05). In contrast, the colon maintained histological integrity but exhibited increased NF-κB (66 %; <em>p</em> = 0.016), IL-6 (9.7-fold), MCP-1 (3.6-fold), and a twofold elevation in SOD (all <em>p</em> < 0.023).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HLS induced segment-specific changes in the aged intestine, with atrophic and inflammatory alterations in the ileum and increased markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the colon. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to preserve gastrointestinal health in immobilized elderly patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145440354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oligo fucoidan alleviates sarcopenia via attenuating muscle mass loss and function decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice 低聚岩藻聚糖通过减轻衰老加速小鼠的肌肉质量损失和功能下降来减轻肌肉减少症。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112954

Yun-Ching Chang , Yin-Ching Chan , Yu-Chi Chen , Ching-Yu Huang , Sue-Joan Chang

Objective

Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age, presents a significant health challenge for older adults. Fucoidan, a bioactive polysaccharide from brown seaweed, has attracted attention for its physiological benefits. We aimed to evaluate the potential of oligo fucoidan (OliFuco) as a nutritional intervention to mitigate sarcopenia.

Method

We assessed senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and myotube formation in senescent C2C12 myoblasts with or without OliFuco treatment. In senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, an in vivo model of sarcopenia, OliFuco was administered from the asymptomatic stage (preventive model) or the pre-sarcopenia stage (treatment model). We evaluated muscle mass, strength, histology, inflammatory cytokines, and key molecular pathways.

Results

OliFuco delayed cellular senescence and improved myotube formation in C2C12 myoblasts. In vivo, OliFuco significantly increased muscle mass, strength, and myofiber cross-sectional area in SAMP8 mice, particularly in the preventive model. OliFuco promoted protein synthesis through AKT/mTOR/p70sk6 up-regulation, inhibited protein degradation via FoxO1/MuRF1 down-regulation, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and myostatin by suppressing NF-κB. Compared with branched-chain amino acids, a well-known nutritional supplement for stimulating muscle protein synthesis, OliFuco was more effective in ameliorating sarcopenia in SAMP8 mice. OliFuco alleviates sarcopenia by delaying cellular senescence, supporting positive muscle protein turnover, and reducing chronic inflammation during aging.

Conclusion

Our findings show that OliFuco is a promising nutritional intervention for mitigating sarcopenia by preserving muscle mass and function in aging populations, offering a novel strategy to address age-related muscle decline.

目的：骨骼肌减少症是骨骼肌质量和功能随着年龄的增长而逐渐丧失，是老年人面临的一个重大健康挑战。褐藻多糖是一种从褐藻中提取的生物活性多糖，因其生理上的益处而备受关注。我们的目的是评估低聚岩藻聚糖（OliFuco）作为营养干预缓解肌肉减少症的潜力。方法：我们对衰老的C2C12成肌细胞进行衰老相关的β-半乳糖苷酶活性和肌管形成的影响。在肌少症体内模型衰老加速小鼠8 （SAMP8）中，OliFuco从无症状期（预防模型）或肌少症前期（治疗模型）给予。我们评估了肌肉质量、力量、组织学、炎症细胞因子和关键分子途径。结果：橄榄油可延缓细胞衰老，促进C2C12成肌细胞肌管形成。在体内，OliFuco显著增加SAMP8小鼠的肌肉质量、力量和肌纤维横截面积，尤其是在预防模型中。OliFuco通过上调AKT/mTOR/p70sk6促进蛋白合成，通过下调FoxO1/MuRF1抑制蛋白降解，通过抑制NF-κB降低促炎细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α、肌生长抑制素。与支链氨基酸（一种众所周知的刺激肌肉蛋白质合成的营养补充剂）相比，OliFuco在改善SAMP8小鼠肌肉减少症方面更有效。OliFuco通过延缓细胞衰老，支持积极的肌肉蛋白周转，减少衰老过程中的慢性炎症来减轻肌肉减少症。结论：我们的研究结果表明，OliFuco是一种很有前景的营养干预措施，可以通过保持老年人的肌肉质量和功能来减轻肌肉减少症，为解决与年龄相关的肌肉衰退提供了一种新的策略。

{"title":"Oligo fucoidan alleviates sarcopenia via attenuating muscle mass loss and function decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice","authors":"Yun-Ching Chang , Yin-Ching Chan , Yu-Chi Chen , Ching-Yu Huang , Sue-Joan Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age, presents a significant health challenge for older adults. Fucoidan, a bioactive polysaccharide from brown seaweed, has attracted attention for its physiological benefits. We aimed to evaluate the potential of oligo fucoidan (OliFuco) as a nutritional intervention to mitigate sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We assessed senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and myotube formation in senescent C2C12 myoblasts with or without OliFuco treatment. In senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, an in vivo model of sarcopenia, OliFuco was administered from the asymptomatic stage (preventive model) or the pre-sarcopenia stage (treatment model). We evaluated muscle mass, strength, histology, inflammatory cytokines, and key molecular pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OliFuco delayed cellular senescence and improved myotube formation in C2C12 myoblasts. In vivo, OliFuco significantly increased muscle mass, strength, and myofiber cross-sectional area in SAMP8 mice, particularly in the preventive model. OliFuco promoted protein synthesis through AKT/mTOR/p70sk6 up-regulation, inhibited protein degradation via FoxO1/MuRF1 down-regulation, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and myostatin by suppressing NF-κB. Compared with branched-chain amino acids, a well-known nutritional supplement for stimulating muscle protein synthesis, OliFuco was more effective in ameliorating sarcopenia in SAMP8 mice. OliFuco alleviates sarcopenia by delaying cellular senescence, supporting positive muscle protein turnover, and reducing chronic inflammation during aging.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings show that OliFuco is a promising nutritional intervention for mitigating sarcopenia by preserving muscle mass and function in aging populations, offering a novel strategy to address age-related muscle decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112954"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145433537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring senescence markers as potential drivers of osteoarthritis pain in aging adults 探索衰老标志物作为老年成人骨关节炎疼痛的潜在驱动因素。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112950

Muhammad Abbas , Carlos J. Cruz , Javier A. Tamargo , Ania L. Lipat , Rameesha Fareed , Laurel Deaton , Carson Gordon , Alisa Johnson , Blanka Sharma , Christiaan Leeuwenburgh , Kyle D. Allen , Yenisel Cruz-Almeida

Senescent cells (SnCs) contribute to various age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint condition that causes persistent pain and reduces physical functioning in older adults. The pathogenesis of OA includes subchondral bone remodeling, synovial inflammation, and cartilage breakdown. Cellular senescence, particularly the pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), may have a pivotal role in the progression of OA. SASP factors could exacerbate OA by releasing inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and proteases, which sensitize nociceptors and accelerate degenerative joint processes, thereby contributing to the chronic pain experienced by OA patients. This contribution of SASPs in chronic pain may lead to mobility limitations and decreased independence of individuals. Thus, the interplay between SASP-driven inflammation and OA pathogenesis may be critical for understanding knee OA pain and functional impairment in older adults. Here, we aim to discuss the parallels between SASP-driven inflammation and OA pathophysiology, which could identify novel therapeutic targets for improving pain management and treatment outcomes in OA.

衰老细胞（SnCs）导致各种与年龄相关的疾病，如骨关节炎（OA），这是一种关节退行性疾病，导致老年人持续疼痛并降低身体功能。骨性关节炎的发病机制包括软骨下骨重塑、滑膜炎症和软骨破裂。细胞衰老，特别是促炎衰老相关分泌表型（SASP），可能在OA的进展中起关键作用。SASP因子可通过释放炎症因子、趋化因子和蛋白酶，使伤害感受器敏感，加速关节退行性过程，从而加剧OA患者的慢性疼痛。sasp在慢性疼痛中的作用可能导致活动受限和个体独立性降低。因此，sasp驱动的炎症与OA发病机制之间的相互作用可能是理解老年人膝关节OA疼痛和功能损害的关键。在这里，我们的目的是讨论sasp驱动的炎症和OA病理生理之间的相似之处，这可以确定改善OA疼痛管理和治疗结果的新治疗靶点。

{"title":"Exploring senescence markers as potential drivers of osteoarthritis pain in aging adults","authors":"Muhammad Abbas , Carlos J. Cruz , Javier A. Tamargo , Ania L. Lipat , Rameesha Fareed , Laurel Deaton , Carson Gordon , Alisa Johnson , Blanka Sharma , Christiaan Leeuwenburgh , Kyle D. Allen , Yenisel Cruz-Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Senescent cells (SnCs) contribute to various age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint condition that causes persistent pain and reduces physical functioning in older adults. The pathogenesis of OA includes subchondral bone remodeling, synovial inflammation, and cartilage breakdown. Cellular senescence, particularly the pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), may have a pivotal role in the progression of OA. SASP factors could exacerbate OA by releasing inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and proteases, which sensitize nociceptors and accelerate degenerative joint processes, thereby contributing to the chronic pain experienced by OA patients. This contribution of SASPs in chronic pain may lead to mobility limitations and decreased independence of individuals. Thus, the interplay between SASP-driven inflammation and OA pathogenesis may be critical for understanding knee OA pain and functional impairment in older adults. Here, we aim to discuss the parallels between SASP-driven inflammation and OA pathophysiology, which could identify novel therapeutic targets for improving pain management and treatment outcomes in OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research hotspots and trends in animal experiments on mild cognitive impairment 轻度认知障碍动物实验研究热点与趋势：文献计量学分析。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112944

Qifang Liang , Buping Liu , Bingfeng Xing

Objective

This study aimed to map the knowledge structure, evolutionary trends, and research frontiers in animal experiments on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from 2014 to 2025 using a bibliometric approach.

Methods

We retrieved 1520 relevant articles from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was employed to analyze publication trends, collaboration networks (countries, institutions, authors), keyword co-occurrence, clustering, and citation bursts. Metrics such as frequency, betweenness centrality, and burst strength were used to identify significant patterns.

Results

Annual publications peaked in 2017 before entering a plateau. The United States and China were the most productive countries, with the strongest collaborative link. Research focus has evolved from foundational pathology (Aβ, tau) to mechanisms like oxidative stress and, more recently, to neuroinflammation, the gut-brain axis, mitophagy, and exosomes, as indicated by strong citation bursts (e.g., neuroinflammation burst strength = 7.89). Keyword and cluster analysis confirmed this shift towards systems-level biology.

Conclusion

This analysis delineates the dynamic landscape of MCI animal research, highlighting a clear transition from molecular to systems biology. The identified hotspots and collaboration patterns offer valuable insights for guiding future research directions and fostering strategic partnerships in the field.

目的：运用文献计量学方法，对2014 - 2025年轻度认知障碍（Mild Cognitive Impairment， MCI）动物实验的知识结构、进化趋势和研究前沿进行梳理。方法：检索Web of Science Core Collection中1520篇相关文章。使用CiteSpace软件分析出版趋势、合作网络（国家、机构、作者）、关键词共现、聚类和引文爆发。使用频率、中间度、中心性和爆发强度等指标来识别显著模式。结果：年度出版物在2017年达到顶峰，然后进入平稳期。美国和中国是生产力最高的国家，合作关系最强。研究重点已经从基础病理学（Aβ, tau）发展到氧化应激等机制，以及最近的神经炎症，肠-脑轴，有丝分裂和外泌体，如强引用爆发（例如，神经炎症爆发强度 = 7.89）所示。关键词和聚类分析证实了这种向系统级生物学的转变。结论：该分析描绘了MCI动物研究的动态景观，突出了从分子生物学到系统生物学的明确过渡。确定的热点和合作模式为指导未来的研究方向和促进该领域的战略伙伴关系提供了有价值的见解。

{"title":"Research hotspots and trends in animal experiments on mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Qifang Liang , Buping Liu , Bingfeng Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to map the knowledge structure, evolutionary trends, and research frontiers in animal experiments on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from 2014 to 2025 using a bibliometric approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrieved 1520 relevant articles from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was employed to analyze publication trends, collaboration networks (countries, institutions, authors), keyword co-occurrence, clustering, and citation bursts. Metrics such as frequency, betweenness centrality, and burst strength were used to identify significant patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Annual publications peaked in 2017 before entering a plateau. The United States and China were the most productive countries, with the strongest collaborative link. Research focus has evolved from foundational pathology (Aβ, tau) to mechanisms like oxidative stress and, more recently, to neuroinflammation, the gut-brain axis, mitophagy, and exosomes, as indicated by strong citation bursts (e.g., neuroinflammation burst strength = 7.89). Keyword and cluster analysis confirmed this shift towards systems-level biology.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This analysis delineates the dynamic landscape of MCI animal research, highlighting a clear transition from molecular to systems biology. The identified hotspots and collaboration patterns offer valuable insights for guiding future research directions and fostering strategic partnerships in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerobic exercise training improves blood glucose homeostasis in healthy older adults 有氧运动训练可改善健康老年人的血糖稳态。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112940

Alejandra P. Monsegue , Milan W. Betz , Hasibe Aydeniz , Wendy E. Sluijsmans , Luc J.C. van Loon , Tim Snijders , Lex B. Verdijk

The present study assessed the effects of aerobic exercise training (AER) on blood glucose regulation in healthy older adults, and whether these effects depend on baseline glucose regulation. Thirty-four healthy older adults (71 ± 4 y) were randomized to perform 8 weeks of AER (n = 17) or no exercise (CON, n = 17). A five-point oral glucose tolerance test was performed at baseline and post-intervention to assess plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Glucose regulation was assessed by Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Hepatic Insulin Resistance Index (HIRI), Muscle Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI), and Matsuda index. Two-factor repeated measures ANOVAs were performed on the full cohort and on a subgroup (CON: n = 10, AER: n = 9) with Matsuda index ≤5. Full Cohort Analyses: a significant interaction effect (P < 0.05) was observed only for HIRI (P = 0.025), which worsened in CON (+151 ± 232, P = 0.016) but not AER (−32 ± 221, P = 0.557). Subgroup Analyses: significant interaction effects were observed for hepatic glucose regulation (P ≤ 0.013), which worsened in CON (HOMA-IR: +0.5 ± 0.6, P = 0.085; HIRI: +249 ± 253, P = 0.006), but tended to improve in AER (HOMA-IR: -0.6 ± 1.2, P = 0.051; HIRI: -133 ± 241, P = 0.125). A significant interaction effect was observed for Matsuda index (P = 0.004), which increased in AER (from 3.2 ± 1.1 to 4.8 ± 2.1, P = 0.002), but remained unchanged in CON (from 3.8 ± 0.9 to 3.5 ± 1.4, P = 0.401). A trend toward an interaction effect was noted for MISI (AER: from 0.12 ± 0.07 to 0.19 ± 0.16; CON: from 0.18 ± 0.11 to 0.16 ± 0.06, P = 0.082). Aerobic exercise training improves blood glucose regulation in healthy older adults, with greater impact in those with a more compromised blood glucose regulation (based on Matsuda index ≤5).

本研究评估了有氧运动训练（AER）对健康老年人血糖调节的影响，以及这些影响是否依赖于基线血糖调节。34名健康老年人（71名 ± 4岁）随机分为8 周AER组（n = 17）和不运动组（n = 17）。在基线和干预后进行五点口服葡萄糖耐量试验，以评估血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度。葡萄糖调节通过胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）、肝脏胰岛素抵抗指数（HIRI）、肌肉胰岛素敏感性指数（MISI）和Matsuda指数进行评估。对全队列和一个Matsuda指数≤5的亚组（CON: n = 10,AER: n = 9）进行双因素重复测量方差分析。全队列分析：显著的相互作用效应(P

{"title":"Aerobic exercise training improves blood glucose homeostasis in healthy older adults","authors":"Alejandra P. Monsegue , Milan W. Betz , Hasibe Aydeniz , Wendy E. Sluijsmans , Luc J.C. van Loon , Tim Snijders , Lex B. Verdijk","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study assessed the effects of aerobic exercise training (AER) on blood glucose regulation in healthy older adults, and whether these effects depend on baseline glucose regulation. Thirty-four healthy older adults (71 ± 4 y) were randomized to perform 8 weeks of AER (<em>n</em> = 17) or no exercise (CON, n = 17). A five-point oral glucose tolerance test was performed at baseline and post-intervention to assess plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Glucose regulation was assessed by Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Hepatic Insulin Resistance Index (HIRI), Muscle Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI), and Matsuda index. Two-factor repeated measures ANOVAs were performed on the full cohort and on a subgroup (CON: <em>n</em> = 10, AER: <em>n</em> = 9) with Matsuda index ≤5. Full Cohort Analyses: a significant interaction effect (<em>P</em> < 0.05) was observed only for HIRI (<em>P</em> = 0.025), which worsened in CON (+151 ± 232, <em>P</em> = 0.016) but not AER (−32 ± 221, <em>P</em> = 0.557). Subgroup Analyses: significant interaction effects were observed for hepatic glucose regulation (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.013), which worsened in CON (HOMA-IR: +0.5 ± 0.6, <em>P</em> = 0.085; HIRI: +249 ± 253, <em>P</em> = 0.006), but tended to improve in AER (HOMA-IR: -0.6 ± 1.2, <em>P</em> = 0.051; HIRI: -133 ± 241, <em>P</em> = 0.125). A significant interaction effect was observed for Matsuda index (<em>P</em> = 0.004), which increased in AER (from 3.2 ± 1.1 to 4.8 ± 2.1, <em>P</em> = 0.002), but remained unchanged in CON (from 3.8 ± 0.9 to 3.5 ± 1.4, <em>P</em> = 0.401). A trend toward an interaction effect was noted for MISI (AER: from 0.12 ± 0.07 to 0.19 ± 0.16; CON: from 0.18 ± 0.11 to 0.16 ± 0.06, <em>P</em> = 0.082). Aerobic exercise training improves blood glucose regulation in healthy older adults, with greater impact in those with a more compromised blood glucose regulation (based on Matsuda index ≤5).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145411366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex differences in the association between heavy metal exposure and frailty in the U.S. adults: A cross-sectional analysis 美国成年人重金属暴露与身体虚弱之间的性别差异：一项横断面分析。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112939

Xing Liu , Chenyi Yang , Xinyi Wang , Zixuan Wang , Huihui Liao , Huan Liu , Ji Ma , Yi Sun , Haiyun Wang

Background

The frailty index (FI), a key measure of biological aging, reflects decreased physiological reserve and helps assess mortality risks. However, the association between internal heavy metal levels and frailty, including possible sex differences, is not well understood.

Methods

This study analyzes 2017–2018 NHANES data to calculate a FI from 32 items. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), E-values, and weighted quantile-sum (WQS) regression were used to analyze the association between heavy metal exposure and frailty, considering sex stratification and adjusting for confounding variables.

Results

Analysis of frailty levels among 5021 eligible adult participants revealed an overall prevalence of 62 %. Frailty incidence increased with age, especially among women. Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile showed increased frailty risk: blood lead (OR: 1.52, 95 % CI: 1.19–1.96), blood cadmium (OR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.14–1.92), urine lead (OR: 1.76, 95 % CI: 1.17–2.65), and urine cadmium (OR: 2.38, 95 % CI: 1.55–3.66). Sex-specific analysis revealed that urinary cadmium was linked to frailty in men, while all metals were associated with frailty in women. Non-linear relationships were observed for blood lead and urine cadmium, while blood cadmium and urine lead showed linear associations, both exclusively in women. WQS regression highlighted urinary cadmium as the primary contributor to frailty.

Conclusion

The results demonstrate a notable correlation between exposure to heavy metals, specifically lead and cadmium, and the incidence of frailty in U.S. adults aged over 20 years, with a more substantial impact observed in female participants.

背景：衰弱指数（FI）是生物衰老的关键指标，反映了生理储备的减少，有助于评估死亡风险。然而，体内重金属含量与虚弱之间的关系，包括可能的性别差异，还没有得到很好的理解。方法：本研究分析2017-2018年NHANES数据，从32个项目计算FI。采用Logistic回归、限制性三次样条（RCS）、e值和加权分位数和（WQS）回归分析重金属暴露与脆弱之间的关系，考虑性别分层并调整混杂变量。结果：5021名符合条件的成人参与者的衰弱水平分析显示，总体患病率为62% %。虚弱的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加，尤其是在女性中。与最低四分位数相比，最高四分位数显示衰弱风险增加：血铅（OR: 1.52, 95 % CI: 1.19-1.96）、血镉（OR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.14-1.92）、尿铅（OR: 1.76, 95 % CI: 1.17-2.65）和尿镉（OR: 2.38, 95 % CI: 1.55-3.66）。性别特异性分析显示，尿镉与男性身体虚弱有关，而所有金属都与女性身体虚弱有关。观察到血铅和尿镉呈非线性关系，而血镉和尿铅呈线性关系，两者均仅在女性中存在。WQS回归强调尿镉是导致虚弱的主要因素。结论：研究结果表明，在20岁以上 岁的美国成年人中，重金属（特别是铅和镉）暴露与虚弱发生率之间存在显著相关性，其中女性参与者的影响更为显著。

{"title":"Sex differences in the association between heavy metal exposure and frailty in the U.S. adults: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Xing Liu , Chenyi Yang , Xinyi Wang , Zixuan Wang , Huihui Liao , Huan Liu , Ji Ma , Yi Sun , Haiyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The frailty index (FI), a key measure of biological aging, reflects decreased physiological reserve and helps assess mortality risks. However, the association between internal heavy metal levels and frailty, including possible sex differences, is not well understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzes 2017–2018 NHANES data to calculate a FI from 32 items. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), <em>E</em>-values, and weighted quantile-sum (WQS) regression were used to analyze the association between heavy metal exposure and frailty, considering sex stratification and adjusting for confounding variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of frailty levels among 5021 eligible adult participants revealed an overall prevalence of 62 %. Frailty incidence increased with age, especially among women. Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile showed increased frailty risk: blood lead (OR: 1.52, 95 % CI: 1.19–1.96), blood cadmium (OR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.14–1.92), urine lead (OR: 1.76, 95 % CI: 1.17–2.65), and urine cadmium (OR: 2.38, 95 % CI: 1.55–3.66). Sex-specific analysis revealed that urinary cadmium was linked to frailty in men, while all metals were associated with frailty in women. Non-linear relationships were observed for blood lead and urine cadmium, while blood cadmium and urine lead showed linear associations, both exclusively in women. WQS regression highlighted urinary cadmium as the primary contributor to frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results demonstrate a notable correlation between exposure to heavy metals, specifically lead and cadmium, and the incidence of frailty in U.S. adults aged over 20 years, with a more substantial impact observed in female participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145403238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of a physical therapist-directed home exercise program in elderly patients post-hip fracture surgery in a low-resource setting: A retrospective cohort study 在低资源环境下，物理治疗师指导的家庭锻炼计划对老年髋部骨折术后患者的有效性：一项回顾性队列研究。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112949

Piyapat Dajpratham , Tipchutha Satidwongpibool , Suratat Janruang , Ratthapong Juntrakul , Theerawoot Tharmviboonsri , Paramet Peerachotikphun , Worapak Majitnapakul , Pimchanok Kamphumuang

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of a four-week physical therapist-directed home exercise program versus usual care in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Thailand (July 2022–May2023) among 30 patients aged 60–90 years who underwent hip fracture surgery. Participants were assigned based on residence to a home exercise group (n = 15), receiving biweekly home visits from physical therapists, or a usual care group (n = 15), receiving exercise leaflets. Functional outcomes—Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), Modified Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), and Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index—were assessed at discharge and after four weeks.

Results

Both groups improved significantly on all outcomes (p < 0.05). The home exercise group showed greater median improvement in SPPB scores than usual care (3 points; 95 % CI: 1.1–4.9; p = 0.002), surpassing the minimal clinically important difference. No significant differences were observed for 2MWT, FAC, or Katz ADL. Adherence to the home program was moderate (62.5 %), with higher adherence linked to greater SPPB gains.

Conclusions

A four-week therapist-directed home exercise program is feasible and more effective than usual care in improving lower extremity function in elderly post-hip fracture patients. This approach is a viable option in resource-limited settings to enhance early recovery.

目的：评估一个为期四周的物理治疗师指导的家庭锻炼计划与常规护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者的效果。方法：本回顾性队列研究在泰国（2022年7月至2023年5月）对30例年龄60-90 岁的髋部骨折手术患者进行了研究。根据居住情况，参与者被分配到家庭锻炼组（n = 15），每两周接受物理治疗师的家访，或常规护理组（n = 15），接受锻炼传单。在放电时和四周后评估功能结果——短时间物理性能电池（SPPB）、2分钟步行测试（2MWT）、改良功能行走类别（FAC）和Katz日常生活活动（ADL）指数。结果：两组在所有结果上均有显著改善（p ）。结论：为期四周的治疗师指导的家庭锻炼计划在改善老年髋部骨折后患者的下肢功能方面是可行的，并且比常规护理更有效。在资源有限的情况下，这种方法是一种可行的选择，可以提高早期恢复。

{"title":"Effectiveness of a physical therapist-directed home exercise program in elderly patients post-hip fracture surgery in a low-resource setting: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Piyapat Dajpratham , Tipchutha Satidwongpibool , Suratat Janruang , Ratthapong Juntrakul , Theerawoot Tharmviboonsri , Paramet Peerachotikphun , Worapak Majitnapakul , Pimchanok Kamphumuang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness of a four-week physical therapist-directed home exercise program versus usual care in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Thailand (July 2022–May2023) among 30 patients aged 60–90 years who underwent hip fracture surgery. Participants were assigned based on residence to a home exercise group (<em>n</em> = 15), receiving biweekly home visits from physical therapists, or a usual care group (n = 15), receiving exercise leaflets. Functional outcomes—Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), Modified Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), and Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index—were assessed at discharge and after four weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both groups improved significantly on all outcomes (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The home exercise group showed greater median improvement in SPPB scores than usual care (3 points; 95 % CI: 1.1–4.9; <em>p</em> = 0.002), surpassing the minimal clinically important difference. No significant differences were observed for 2MWT, FAC, or Katz ADL. Adherence to the home program was moderate (62.5 %), with higher adherence linked to greater SPPB gains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A four-week therapist-directed home exercise program is feasible and more effective than usual care in improving lower extremity function in elderly post-hip fracture patients. This approach is a viable option in resource-limited settings to enhance early recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145403306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0