Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112617
Henrique Monteiro Lapo , Amanda Veiga Sardeli , Lilian Oliveira Mariano , Fiona Jayne Howroyd , Paulo Roberto Sokoll , Elizabeth Sapey , Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil
Introduction
Older adults are more likely to acquire the severe manifestation of COVID-19 and the hospitalised survivors experience significant functionality loss. Thus, we aimed to identify the level of functionality in older adults hospitalised due to COVID-19, and the effect of inpatient rehabilitation upon functional recovery.
Methods
A search was performed on July 2024, across five databases to retrieve studies assessing functionality in patients during COVID-19 hospitalisation, with or without rehabilitation.
Results
At admission, higher functionality was significantly higher for survivors than non survivors (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.83 [0.56; 1.09]). The effect of inpatient rehabilitation on functionality was tested among 38 arms across studies. Inpatient rehabilitation improved functionality SMD across all indexes (1.47 [1.18; 1.77], P ≤ 0.001), with greatest effect in the patients >70 years (2.84 [1.74, 3.93], P = 0.006), compared to their counterparts.
Conclusion
Hospitalisation due to COVID-19 reduced functionality to a higher extent in older adults above 70 years. Inpatient rehabilitation was effective to improve functionality in both age groups.
{"title":"Functionality loss due to COVID-19 hospitalisation in older adults recovers with inpatient rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Henrique Monteiro Lapo , Amanda Veiga Sardeli , Lilian Oliveira Mariano , Fiona Jayne Howroyd , Paulo Roberto Sokoll , Elizabeth Sapey , Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Older adults are more likely to acquire the severe manifestation of COVID-19 and the hospitalised survivors experience significant functionality loss. Thus, we aimed to identify the level of functionality in older adults hospitalised due to COVID-19, and the effect of inpatient rehabilitation upon functional recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search was performed on July 2024, across five databases to retrieve studies assessing functionality in patients during COVID-19 hospitalisation, with or without rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At admission, higher functionality was significantly higher for survivors than non survivors (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.83 [0.56; 1.09]). The effect of inpatient rehabilitation on functionality was tested among 38 arms across studies. Inpatient rehabilitation improved functionality SMD across all indexes (1.47 [1.18; 1.77], <em>P</em> ≤ 0.001), with greatest effect in the patients >70 years (2.84 [1.74, 3.93], <em>P</em> = 0.006), compared to their counterparts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hospitalisation due to COVID-19 reduced functionality to a higher extent in older adults above 70 years. Inpatient rehabilitation was effective to improve functionality in both age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Protocol registration</h3><div>PROSPERO CRD42021278619.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112618
Yunlu Jiang , Li Su
{"title":"Predictive value of epicardial adipose tissue volume measured in diagnosis and prognosis of patients with HFPEF","authors":"Yunlu Jiang , Li Su","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112626
Chenglong Zhou , Jun Li , Xiaochu Wu , Fei Liu
Background/aim
Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are at increased risk of cognitive impairment. The precise mechanisms underlying the association between DM and cognitive impairment remain unclear. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a crucial regulator of signal transduction, has been implicated in microglial pyroptosis in experimental ischemic stroke models. The present study investigated the potential role of SYK in DM-associated cognitive impairment.
Methods
Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in C57BL/6 mice, and cognitive function and cerebral injury were assessed 12 weeks later using the Morris water maze (MWM), TUNEL assay and Western blotting. In vitro, the inhibition of SYK was investigated in a mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line cultured with high glucose.
Results
Compared with control mice, DM mice presented impaired spatial learning and memory. Additionally, SYK activation was linked to neuronal pyroptosis, as evidenced by increases in the number of TUNEL-positive cells and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, procaspase-1, caspase-1, GSDMD, the GSDMD N-terminal fragment, pro-IL-1β, and IL-1β in the hippocampus of DM mice. Compared with no treatment, SYK knockdown markedly attenuated cognitive impairment and histologic and ultrastructural pathological changes in the hippocampus of DM mice. The increased expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins and the increased number of TUNEL-positive cells were also significantly reduced. In vitro, high glucose significantly activated SYK to trigger the canonical pyroptotic pathway in cultured HT22 cells. The inhibition of SYK with a small interfering RNA or specific inhibitor significantly ameliorated the neuronal pyroptosis mediated by high glucose.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that SYK activation plays a pivotal role in promoting the cognitive impairment associated with DM. This effect is mediated by triggering neuronal pyroptosis through the canonical NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. These results suggest that SYK may serve as a potential target for preventing or mitigating cognitive impairment in patients with DM.
{"title":"Activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) contributes to neuronal pyroptosis and cognitive impairment in diabetic mice via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway","authors":"Chenglong Zhou , Jun Li , Xiaochu Wu , Fei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/aim</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are at increased risk of cognitive impairment. The precise mechanisms underlying the association between DM and cognitive impairment remain unclear. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a crucial regulator of signal transduction, has been implicated in microglial pyroptosis in experimental ischemic stroke models. The present study investigated the potential role of SYK in DM-associated cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in C57BL/6 mice, and cognitive function and cerebral injury were assessed 12 weeks later using the Morris water maze (MWM), TUNEL assay and Western blotting. In vitro, the inhibition of SYK was investigated in a mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line cultured with high glucose.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with control mice, DM mice presented impaired spatial learning and memory. Additionally, SYK activation was linked to neuronal pyroptosis, as evidenced by increases in the number of TUNEL-positive cells and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, procaspase-1, caspase-1, GSDMD, the GSDMD N-terminal fragment, pro-IL-1β, and IL-1β in the hippocampus of DM mice. Compared with no treatment, SYK knockdown markedly attenuated cognitive impairment and histologic and ultrastructural pathological changes in the hippocampus of DM mice. The increased expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins and the increased number of TUNEL-positive cells were also significantly reduced. In vitro, high glucose significantly activated SYK to trigger the canonical pyroptotic pathway in cultured HT22 cells. The inhibition of SYK with a small interfering RNA or specific inhibitor significantly ameliorated the neuronal pyroptosis mediated by high glucose.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate that SYK activation plays a pivotal role in promoting the cognitive impairment associated with DM. This effect is mediated by triggering neuronal pyroptosis through the canonical NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. These results suggest that SYK may serve as a potential target for preventing or mitigating cognitive impairment in patients with DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112608
Ta-Wei Tang, Tsai-Chiao Wang, Chia-Liang Tsai
Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE), as a novel approach to promoting physical activity, shows great potential for improving the mental health and healthy lifestyle of older adults. Based on stress reduction theory, tree density is regarded as a main characteristic of a virtual sportscape that will affect the experience and benefits of exercising. However, the effect of tree density on the experience of exercising remains unclear. The current study was undertaken to investigate the effects of tree cover density on the alpha waves induced and the enjoyment and satisfaction derived by engaging in physical activity in a virtual environment. Eighty-seven late middle-aged and older adults were randomly assigned to one of the following conditions: a high tree density sportscape (HTDS = 36-60 %), a medium tree density sportscape, (MTDS = 20-35 %), and a control condition. Questionnaires and electroencephalogram read-outs of alpha waves were used to evaluate the changes in stress levels experienced by the participants before, during, and after 20 min of cycling. The results showed that participants exposed to an HTDS exhibited to physical activity with significantly more enjoyment and satisfaction than those in the MTDS and control groups. In contrast, the highest degree of relaxation was exhibited in the MTDS condition, suggesting that an MTDS is more effective at reducing perceived stress among late middle-aged and older adults engaging in virtual cycling. These findings demonstrate that exercising in a virtual reality setting with different densities of tree cover comes with physiological and psychological wellbeing for late middle-aged and older adults.
{"title":"The influence of different tree densities on alpha waves, physical activity enjoyment, and satisfaction of late middle-aged and older adults using virtual cycling.","authors":"Ta-Wei Tang, Tsai-Chiao Wang, Chia-Liang Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE), as a novel approach to promoting physical activity, shows great potential for improving the mental health and healthy lifestyle of older adults. Based on stress reduction theory, tree density is regarded as a main characteristic of a virtual sportscape that will affect the experience and benefits of exercising. However, the effect of tree density on the experience of exercising remains unclear. The current study was undertaken to investigate the effects of tree cover density on the alpha waves induced and the enjoyment and satisfaction derived by engaging in physical activity in a virtual environment. Eighty-seven late middle-aged and older adults were randomly assigned to one of the following conditions: a high tree density sportscape (HTDS = 36-60 %), a medium tree density sportscape, (MTDS = 20-35 %), and a control condition. Questionnaires and electroencephalogram read-outs of alpha waves were used to evaluate the changes in stress levels experienced by the participants before, during, and after 20 min of cycling. The results showed that participants exposed to an HTDS exhibited to physical activity with significantly more enjoyment and satisfaction than those in the MTDS and control groups. In contrast, the highest degree of relaxation was exhibited in the MTDS condition, suggesting that an MTDS is more effective at reducing perceived stress among late middle-aged and older adults engaging in virtual cycling. These findings demonstrate that exercising in a virtual reality setting with different densities of tree cover comes with physiological and psychological wellbeing for late middle-aged and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"112608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dysfunctional renal tubular epithelial cells, induced by high glucose, are commonly observed in the kidney tissues of diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of these cells often leads to renal interstitial fibrosis and kidney damage in DN. High glucose also triggers mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, contributing further to the dysfunction of renal tubular epithelial cells. Cellular senescence, a recognized characteristic of DN, is primarily caused by high glucose. However, it remains unclear whether high glucose-induced cellular senescence in DN exacerbates the functional impairment of tubular epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the relationship between EMT and cellular senescence in kidney tissues from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and HK-2 cells treated with high glucose (HG). We also investigated the impact of HG concentrations on tubular epithelial cells, specifically mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and apoptosis. These damages were primarily associated with the secretion of cytokines (such as IL-6, and TNF-α), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and an increase of intracellular Ca2+. Notably, resveratrol, an anti-aging agent, could effectively attenuate the occurrence of EMT, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis induced by HG. Mechanistically, anti-aging treatment leads to a reduction in cytokine secretion, ROS production, and intracellular Ca2+ levels.
{"title":"High glucose-induced senescence contributes to tubular epithelial cell damage in diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Deping Xu, Puseletso Moru, Kainan Liao, Wei Song, Ping Yang, Dandan Zang, Chunlin Cai, Haisheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysfunctional renal tubular epithelial cells, induced by high glucose, are commonly observed in the kidney tissues of diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of these cells often leads to renal interstitial fibrosis and kidney damage in DN. High glucose also triggers mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, contributing further to the dysfunction of renal tubular epithelial cells. Cellular senescence, a recognized characteristic of DN, is primarily caused by high glucose. However, it remains unclear whether high glucose-induced cellular senescence in DN exacerbates the functional impairment of tubular epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the relationship between EMT and cellular senescence in kidney tissues from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and HK-2 cells treated with high glucose (HG). We also investigated the impact of HG concentrations on tubular epithelial cells, specifically mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and apoptosis. These damages were primarily associated with the secretion of cytokines (such as IL-6, and TNF-α), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and an increase of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>. Notably, resveratrol, an anti-aging agent, could effectively attenuate the occurrence of EMT, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis induced by HG. Mechanistically, anti-aging treatment leads to a reduction in cytokine secretion, ROS production, and intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"197 ","pages":"112609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112619
Beatrice Arosio , Anna Picca
Aging is a dynamic process that requires a continuous response and adaptation to internal and external stimuli over the life course. This eventually results in people aging differently and women aging differently than men. The “gender paradox” describes how women experience greater longevity than men, although linked with higher rates of disability and poor health status.
Recently, the concept of frailty has been incorporated into this paradox giving rise to the “sex-frailty paradox” which describes how women are frailer because they manifest worse health status but, at the same time, appear less susceptible to death than men of the same age. However, very little is known about the biological roots of this sex-related difference in frailty.
Inflamm-aging, the chronic low-grade inflammatory state associated with age, plays a key pathophysiological role in several age-related diseases/conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), for which women have a higher lifetime risk than men. Interestingly, inflamm-aging develops at a different rate in women compared to men, with features that could play a critical role in the development of AD in women.
According to this view, a continuum between aging and age-related diseases that probably lacks clear boundaries can be envisioned in which several shared biological mechanisms that progress at different pace may lead to different aging trajectories in women than in men. It, therefore, becomes urgent to consider a holistic approach in the study of aging, and decline it from a gender medicine perspective also considering the biological roots of the sex-frailty paradox.
{"title":"The biological roots of the sex-frailty paradox","authors":"Beatrice Arosio , Anna Picca","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is a dynamic process that requires a continuous response and adaptation to internal and external stimuli over the life course. This eventually results in people aging differently and women aging differently than men. The “gender paradox” describes how women experience greater longevity than men, although linked with higher rates of disability and poor health status.</div><div>Recently, the concept of frailty has been incorporated into this paradox giving rise to the “sex-frailty paradox” which describes how women are frailer because they manifest worse health status but, at the same time, appear less susceptible to death than men of the same age. However, very little is known about the biological roots of this sex-related difference in frailty.</div><div>Inflamm-aging, the chronic low-grade inflammatory state associated with age, plays a key pathophysiological role in several age-related diseases/conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), for which women have a higher lifetime risk than men. Interestingly, inflamm-aging develops at a different rate in women compared to men, with features that could play a critical role in the development of AD in women.</div><div>According to this view, a continuum between aging and age-related diseases that probably lacks clear boundaries can be envisioned in which several shared biological mechanisms that progress at different pace may lead to different aging trajectories in women than in men. It, therefore, becomes urgent to consider a holistic approach in the study of aging, and decline it from a gender medicine perspective also considering the biological roots of the sex-frailty paradox.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To identify the association between daytime activity with objectively monitor and subjective variables at a different time-zone of day as well as the sex differences.
Methods
Participants aged 50 years and older living in the community in Taiwan were recruited. The activity was measured by wearable actigraphy devices, diaries, and self-reported questionnaires. The study used nonparametric analysis to examine the association between mean activity level and demographic and subjective measurement variables.
Results
Among the 55 participants enrolled in the study, data of 34 (62 %) participants who meet the criteria that wore a wearable actigraphy device for at least 7 completed days were analyzed. There is no significant relationship between each demographics and subjective measurement variables. However, actigraphy counts are significantly related to female's nutrition (Z = -2.367, p = 0.017*), and male's retirement status (Z = -2.132, p = 0.033*).
Conclusions
The activity in morning is highest of the day with significant correlation to evening activities. Moreover, actigraphy counts that indicating objective measure of physical activity in female is significantly related to physiological variables (nutritional status), while male are predicted by social variables (retired status).
{"title":"Circadian rhythms and objective measures of physical activity among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan","authors":"Jia-Chian Hu , Szu-Yu Hou , Jeanne L. Shea , Hsiao-Han Tang , Sheng-Fu Liang , Yu-Ching Hsu , Ching-Ju Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To identify the association between daytime activity with objectively monitor and subjective variables at a different time-zone of day as well as the sex differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants aged 50 years and older living in the community in Taiwan were recruited. The activity was measured by wearable actigraphy devices, diaries, and self-reported questionnaires. The study used nonparametric analysis to examine the association between mean activity level and demographic and subjective measurement variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 55 participants enrolled in the study, data of 34 (62 %) participants who meet the criteria that wore a wearable actigraphy device for at least 7 completed days were analyzed. There is no significant relationship between each demographics and subjective measurement variables. However, actigraphy counts are significantly related to female's nutrition (Z = -2.367, <em>p</em> = 0.017*), and male's retirement status (Z = -2.132, <em>p</em> = 0.033*).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The activity in morning is highest of the day with significant correlation to evening activities. Moreover, actigraphy counts that indicating objective measure of physical activity in female is significantly related to physiological variables (nutritional status), while male are predicted by social variables (retired status).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112615
Chen-Chen Sun , Ye-Jun Li , Dan-Ting Zhu , Zhang-Lin Chen , Jiang-Ling Xiao , Xiang-Tao Chen , Lan Zheng , Xi-Yang Peng , Chang-Fa Tang
Background
Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the main side effects of high-dose or continuous use of glucocorticoids (such as dexamethasone). However, there are limited studies on dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in zebrafish and even fewer explorations of the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to construct a model of dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in zebrafish and to investigate the molecular mechanisms.
Methods
Zebrafish soaked in 0.01 % dexamethasone solution for 10 days. Loli Track (Denmark) and Loligo Swimming Respirometer were used to observe the effect of dexamethasone on swimming ability. The effects of dexamethasone on zebrafish skeletal muscle were observed by Transmission electron microscopy, H&E, and wheat germ agglutinin techniques. Enriched genes and signaling pathways were analyzed using Transcriptome sequencing. Further, the levels of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum-related proteins were examined to investigate possible mechanisms.
Results
0.01 % dexamethasone reduced zebrafish skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.05), myofibre size and cross-sectional area (p < 0.001), and increased protein degradation (ubiquitination and autophagy) (p < 0.05). In addition, 0.01 % dexamethasone reduced the swimming ability of zebrafish, as evidenced by the reluctance to move, fewer movement trajectories, decreased total distance traveled (p < 0.001), average velocity of movement (p < 0.001), oxygen consumption (p < 0.001), critical swimming speed (p < 0.01) and increased exhaustive swimming time (p < 0.001). Further, 0.01 % dexamethasone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (decreased mitochondrial biogenesis, disturbs kinetic homeostasis, increased autophagy) and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Conclusions
0.01 % dexamethasone induces skeletal muscle atrophy and impairs the swimming ability of zebrafish through mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
{"title":"Establishment of a dexamethasone-induced zebrafish skeletal muscle atrophy model and exploration of its mechanisms","authors":"Chen-Chen Sun , Ye-Jun Li , Dan-Ting Zhu , Zhang-Lin Chen , Jiang-Ling Xiao , Xiang-Tao Chen , Lan Zheng , Xi-Yang Peng , Chang-Fa Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the main side effects of high-dose or continuous use of glucocorticoids (such as dexamethasone). However, there are limited studies on dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in zebrafish and even fewer explorations of the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to construct a model of dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in zebrafish and to investigate the molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Zebrafish soaked in 0.01 % dexamethasone solution for 10 days. Loli Track (Denmark) and Loligo Swimming Respirometer were used to observe the effect of dexamethasone on swimming ability. The effects of dexamethasone on zebrafish skeletal muscle were observed by Transmission electron microscopy, H&E, and wheat germ agglutinin techniques. Enriched genes and signaling pathways were analyzed using Transcriptome sequencing. Further, the levels of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum-related proteins were examined to investigate possible mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>0.01 % dexamethasone reduced zebrafish skeletal muscle mass (<em>p</em> < 0.05), myofibre size and cross-sectional area (<em>p</em> < 0.001), and increased protein degradation (ubiquitination and autophagy) (p < 0.05). In addition, 0.01 % dexamethasone reduced the swimming ability of zebrafish, as evidenced by the reluctance to move, fewer movement trajectories, decreased total distance traveled (<em>p</em> < 0.001), average velocity of movement (<em>p</em> < 0.001), oxygen consumption (p < 0.001), critical swimming speed (<em>p</em> < 0.01) and increased exhaustive swimming time (p < 0.001). Further, 0.01 % dexamethasone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (decreased mitochondrial biogenesis, disturbs kinetic homeostasis, increased autophagy) and endoplasmic reticulum stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>0.01 % dexamethasone induces skeletal muscle atrophy and impairs the swimming ability of zebrafish through mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112614
Kai Huang , Haili Cai
This comprehensive review examines the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), two common disorders in the elderly. OA involves joint cartilage degeneration and pain, while OP leads to fractures due to reduced bone mass. Despite different pathologies, both conditions share risk factors such as age and genetics. Studies reveal mixed results: some show higher bone mineral density (BMD) in OA patients, suggesting an inverse relationship, while others find no significant link. Proposed mechanisms include mechanical loading, bone remodeling, and inflammation. Clinical strategies focus on maintaining bone health in OA and monitoring joint health in OP, with treatments like bisphosphonates and exercise. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing integrated treatments to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research is needed to clarify these complex mechanisms.
这篇综合评论探讨了骨关节炎（OA）和骨质疏松症（OP）这两种老年人常见疾病之间的关系。骨关节炎会导致关节软骨退化和疼痛，而骨质疏松症则会因骨量减少而导致骨折。尽管病因不同，但这两种疾病都有年龄和遗传等风险因素。研究结果喜忧参半：一些研究显示，OA 患者的骨质密度（BMD）较高，表明两者之间存在反向关系，而另一些研究则发现两者之间没有明显联系。研究提出的机制包括机械负荷、骨重塑和炎症。临床策略侧重于维持 OA 患者的骨骼健康和监测 OP 患者的关节健康，并采用双膦酸盐和运动等治疗方法。了解这些相互作用对于开发综合疗法以改善患者预后和生活质量至关重要。要弄清这些复杂的机制，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"The interplay between osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: Mechanisms, implications, and treatment considerations – A narrative review","authors":"Kai Huang , Haili Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This comprehensive review examines the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), two common disorders in the elderly. OA involves joint cartilage degeneration and pain, while OP leads to fractures due to reduced bone mass. Despite different pathologies, both conditions share risk factors such as age and genetics. Studies reveal mixed results: some show higher bone mineral density (BMD) in OA patients, suggesting an inverse relationship, while others find no significant link. Proposed mechanisms include mechanical loading, bone remodeling, and inflammation. Clinical strategies focus on maintaining bone health in OA and monitoring joint health in OP, with treatments like bisphosphonates and exercise. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing integrated treatments to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research is needed to clarify these complex mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 112614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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