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Effect of dry or temper rolling of high- or low-protein wheat and its impact on rumen parameters, growth performance, and liver abscesses in feedlot cattle 高蛋白小麦或低蛋白小麦的干轧或回火对饲养场牛瘤胃参数、生长性能和肝脓肿的影响
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0110
Amanda C Meadows, S. Terry, G. Penner, P. Hucl, T. McAllister, G. Ribeiro
Abstract This study assessed the impact of dry- (DR) versus temper-rolled (TR) and low- (13%, LP) versus high-protein (18%, HP) wheat on ruminal fermentation, growth, and liver abscesses in feedlot cattle. Crossbred Angus steers (302 ± 34 kg; n = 160; 24 ruminally cannulated) were used in a backgrounding (BG) to finishing (FN) trial. The BG diet consisted of 60% barley silage, 35% wheat, and 5% supplement, and the FN diet contained 10% barley silage, 85% wheat, and 5% supplement (dry matter basis). Four transition (TN) diets were used to adapt cattle to the FN diet. A numerical increase in large particles and reduction in small particles occurred when both HP and LP wheat were TR, with this response being greater for HP wheat. Steers experienced lower (P ≤ 0.03) ruminal pH with HP-DR and LP-TR than HP-TR wheat during TN. Steers fed HP wheat BG diets tended to exhibit greater (P ≤ 0.09) gain:feed and NEg than steers fed LP wheat. Greater (P = 0.01) average daily gains were exhibited by FN steers fed LP wheat. Liver abscesses were more (P < 0.001) severe with HP wheat. While HP wheat improved the growth of BG cattle, it increased the severity of liver abscesses during FN.
摘要本研究评估了干小麦(DR)与调质小麦(TR)以及低小麦(13%,LP)与高蛋白小麦(18%,HP)对饲养场牛瘤胃发酵、生长和肝脓肿的影响。杂交安格斯牛(302±34kg;n=160;24头瘤胃插管)用于后接(BG)至终点(FN)试验。BG日粮由60%大麦青贮、35%小麦和5%补充剂组成,FN日粮包含10%大麦青贮、85%小麦和5%添加剂(干物质基础)。采用四种过渡(TN)日粮使牛适应FN日粮。当HP和LP小麦都是TR时,大颗粒的数量增加和小颗粒的数量减少,HP小麦的这种反应更大。在TN期间,与HP-TR小麦相比,使用HP-DR和LP-TR的牛瘤胃pH较低(P≤0.03)。饲喂HP小麦BG日粮的牛往往比饲喂LP小麦的牛表现出更大(P≤0.09)的增重:饲料和NEg。饲喂LP小麦的FN牛表现出更大(P=0.01)的平均日增重。HP小麦组肝脓肿较重(P<0.001)。虽然HP小麦改善了BG牛的生长,但它增加了FN期间肝脓肿的严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
Use of cinnamon and Bacillus subtilis probiotics in the diet of broiler chickens 肉桂和枯草芽孢杆菌益生菌在肉鸡日粮中的应用
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0018
Mohammad Aminul Islam, M. Nishibori
Abstract The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cinnamon and Bacillus subtilis on the growth, meat characteristics, and lipid profiles of broiler chickens. In experiments 1 and 2, a total of 320 day-old broiler chicks were assigned to D1 (control), D2 (4 g cinnamon/kg), D3 (6 g cinnamon/kg), D4 (8 g cinnamon/kg) with four replicates, and D1 (control), D2 (0.4 g B. subtilis (BS)/kg), D3 (0.6 g BS/kg), D4 (0.8 g BS/kg), D5 (6 g cinnamon/kg) with three replicates, and 10 chicks/replication for 35 and 30 days, respectively. In experiment 1, no significant difference was observed among diets for growth and meat yield. However, test diets performed better than the control diet in terms of water-holding capacity of meat (WHCM), cooking loss of meat (CLM), blood lipids profiles (BLP), sensory quality score (SQS) (p > 0.05), and flavor (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, there was no significant difference among diets for growth, meat yield, WHCM, CLM, and BLP of the bird (p > 0.05), except for SQS (p < 0.001). Notwithstanding, the D5 tended to increase growth, meat yield, WHCM, and SQS, and decrease CLM and BLP. Thigh meat showed higher SQS than breast meat in both experiments. Therefore, the 6 g cinnamon/kg diet may be used for producing a safe, quality, and cost-effective broiler.
摘要本研究旨在评价肉桂和枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长、肉质特性和脂质代谢的影响。在实验1和2中,总共320日龄肉鸡被分配到D1(对照)、D2(4g肉桂/kg)、D3(6g肉桂/kg)和D4(8g肉桂/kg。在实验1中,不同日粮在生长和肉产量方面没有观察到显著差异。然而,试验日粮在肉的持水能力(WHCM)、肉的烹饪损失(CLM)、血脂谱(BLP)、感官质量评分(SQS)(p>0.05)和风味(p<0.05)方面均优于对照日粮,除SQS外(p<0.001)。尽管如此,D5倾向于增加生长、肉产量、WHCM和SQS,并降低CLM和BLP。在两个实验中,大腿肉的SQS均高于胸脯肉。因此,6克肉桂/公斤日粮可用于生产安全、优质和具有成本效益的肉鸡。
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引用次数: 2
Determination of standardized ileal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids and digestible indispensable amino acid score of faba beans, lentils, and yellow peas fed to growing pigs 饲养猪的蚕豆、扁豆和黄豌豆的粗蛋白质和氨基酸的标准化回肠消化率和可消化的必需氨基酸评分的测定
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0022
C. Cargo-Froom, F. Tansil, D. Columbus, C. Marinangeli, E. Kiarie, A. Shoveller
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of protein and amino acids (AA) and calculate the digestible indispensable AA score (DIAAS) of three varieties of Canadian grown pulses (faba bean, lentil, and yellow pea). Three steam-pelleted (80 °C) diets (faba/lentil/pea; 40% inclusion) and a nitrogen-free diet were fed to eight cannulated growing pigs in a 4 × 4 replicated Latin square design. The SID values were used to calculate DIAAS. There were no differences in SID of protein and AA when all diets were compared (P > 0.05). The SID of methionine was 95% for faba beans, 96% for lentils, and 96% for peas. The SID of lysine was 93% for faba beans, 92% for lentils, and 90% for peas. Tryptophan had the lowest SID across all indispensable AA of all pulses (59% faba, 61% lentil, and 41% pea). All other indispensable AA SID were above 80%. Tryptophan was the limiting indispensable AA for all pulses as determined by DIAAS, with scores of 30 (faba), 57.83 (lentil), and 27.27 (pea). These values will aid in optimal inclusion of steam-pelleted pulses in diets for swine and provide an insight on the protein quality of pulses for humans.
摘要本研究旨在测定3种加拿大豆类(蚕豆、扁豆和黄豌豆)蛋白质和氨基酸(AA)的标准化回肠消化率(SID),并计算可消化必需AA评分(DIAAS)。三种蒸汽颗粒化(80℃)饲粮(蚕豆/扁豆/豌豆;采用4 × 4重复拉丁方设计,饲喂8头空心生长猪,分别饲喂无氮日粮(含40%)和无氮日粮。SID值用于计算DIAAS。各饲料蛋白质和氨基酸的SID比较差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。蚕豆、小扁豆和豌豆的蛋氨酸SID分别为95%、96%和96%。蚕豆赖氨酸的SID为93%,扁豆为92%,豌豆为90%。色氨酸在所有豆类中必需氨基酸的SID最低(蚕豆59%,扁豆61%,豌豆41%)。其他必需AA的SID均在80%以上。色氨酸是所有豆类的限制性必需氨基酸,分别为蚕豆(30)、扁豆(57.83)和豌豆(27.27)。这些值将有助于在猪的日粮中最佳地加入蒸汽颗粒豆类,并为人类提供豆类蛋白质质量的见解。
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引用次数: 0
A survey of broiler breast meat quality in the retail market of Quebec 魁北克零售市场肉鸡胸肉品质调查
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0001
Hajer Sammari, Amani Askri, Sahar Benahmed, L. Saucier, Nabeel Alnahhas
Abstract In this study, 206 breast fillets were purchased from grocery stores in the province of Quebec and evaluated for the presence of different quality defects. Of these fillets, 48.5% showed breast muscle myopathies (BMM), 19.4% showed pale, soft, and exudative (PSE), and 6.8% showed dark, firm, and dry (DFD) attributes. BMM were equally present (P > 0.05) in fillets of economical, commercial, and high-quality brands, while PSE-like fillets were more present in economical brands (P < 0.0001). The combined effect of BMM and DFD induced significantly higher counts of Salmonella (P = 0.03) and Enterobacteriaceae (P = 0.03) in myopathic than in unaffected fillets. These quality defects also altered the nutritional quality of breast meat: BMM-affected fillets had greater fat content (P < 0.0001) and DFD fillets had lower protein content (P = 0.041) than normal fillets. The technological quality was only slightly impacted by BMM, while PSE-like fillets had higher cooking loss (P = 0.009) and a tougher texture after cooking (P < 0.0001) than DFD fillets. For the first time, this study confirmed the presence of multiple quality issues in the Quebec poultry supply chain, and provided valuable data to support future research efforts.
摘要在这项研究中,从魁北克省的杂货店购买了206块胸脯肉,并对其是否存在不同的质量缺陷进行了评估。在这些鱼片中,48.5%表现为胸肌肌病(BMM),19.4%表现为苍白、柔软和渗出性(PSE),6.8%表现为深色、坚硬和干燥(DFD)。BMM在经济、商业和优质品牌的鱼片中同样存在(P>0.05),而PSE样鱼片在经济品牌中更为常见(P<0.0001)。BMM和DFD的联合作用导致肌病鱼片中沙门氏菌(P=0.03)和肠杆菌科细菌(P=0.03)的计数显著高于未受影响的鱼片。这些质量缺陷也改变了胸肉的营养质量:与正常鱼片相比,BMM影响的鱼片脂肪含量更高(P<0.0001),DFD鱼片蛋白质含量更低(P=0.041)。BMM对工艺质量的影响很小,而PSE样鱼片的烹饪损失更高(P=0.009),烹饪后质地更硬(P<0.0001)。这项研究首次证实了魁北克家禽供应链中存在多种质量问题,并为支持未来的研究工作提供了宝贵的数据。
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引用次数: 2
Modelling environmental impacts associated with the removal of productivity-enhancing technologies from Canadian feedlots: a case study 模拟加拿大饲养场取消提高生产力技术对环境的影响:一个案例研究
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0132
E. Boonstra, I. Aboagye, T. McAllister, G. Legesse, G. Mengistu, D. L. Fulawka, Marcos R. C. Cordeiro, G. Ribeiro, E. McGeough, K. Ominski
Abstract Greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions, land and water use associated with feedlot cattle (n = 40 hd treatment−1 trial−1) treated with or without productivity-enhancing technologies were modelled for a multiyear study (n = 4). Heifers (H) were assigned to the following treatments: (1) implanted (HTBA); (2) provided with melengestrol acetate (HMGA); (3) nonimplanted control, weight-adjusted (CON_Adj) to achieve the same final carcass weight (CW) as 1 (HCON_AdjTBA); or (4) CON_Adj to achieve the CW as 2 (HCON_AdjMGA). Steers (S) were assigned as follows: (1) implanted (STBA); (2) implanted and provided with ractopamine hydrochloride (SRAC; conducted in the last 2 years); (3) CON_Adj to achieve the same CW as 1 (SCON_AdjTBA); or (4) CON_Adj to achieve the same CW as 2 (SCON_AdjRAC). The GHG and NH3 emissions from HTBA, HMGA, STBA, and SRAC were 3.8%, 3.0%, 10.1%, and 8.5% lower and 4.3%, 2.9%, 7.4%, and 7.6% lower, respectively, than the respective control cattle. The land required to produce feed was also reduced by 6.6%, 4.8%, 9.9%, and 10.9%, while water use was reduced by 6.4%, 4.8%, 10.1%, and 11.1% for HTBA, HMGA, STBA, and SRAC, respectively. This modelling study clearly demonstrates that conventional beef production systems have a lower environmental footprint than nonconventional systems.
摘要对采用或不采用提高生产力技术处理的饲养场牛(n=40 hd处理−1试验−1)的温室气体(GHG)和氨(NH3)排放、土地和用水进行了多年研究建模(n=4)。小母牛(H)被分配到以下治疗:(1)植入(HTBA);(2) 提供有醋酸麦勒司琼(HMGA);(3) 非植入对照,重量调节(CON_Adj)以实现与1(HCON_AdjTBA)相同的最终胎体重量(CW);或者(4)CON_Adj以实现CW为2(HCON_AdjMGA)。牛(S)被分配如下:(1)植入(STBA);(2) 植入并提供盐酸莱克多巴胺(SRAC;在过去2年中进行);(3) CON_Adj以实现与1相同的CW(SCON_AdjTBA);或者(4)CON_Adj以实现与2相同的CW(SCON_AdjRAC)。HTBA、HMGA、STBA和SRAC的GHG和NH3排放量分别比相应的对照牛低3.8%、3.0%、10.1%和8.5%,以及4.3%、2.9%、7.4%和7.6%。HTBA、HMGA、STBA和SRAC生产饲料所需的土地也分别减少了6.6%、4.8%、9.9%和10.9%,而用水量分别减少了6.4%、4.8%、10.1%和11.1%。这项建模研究清楚地表明,传统牛肉生产系统比非传统系统的环境足迹更低。
{"title":"Modelling environmental impacts associated with the removal of productivity-enhancing technologies from Canadian feedlots: a case study","authors":"E. Boonstra, I. Aboagye, T. McAllister, G. Legesse, G. Mengistu, D. L. Fulawka, Marcos R. C. Cordeiro, G. Ribeiro, E. McGeough, K. Ominski","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0132","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions, land and water use associated with feedlot cattle (n = 40 hd treatment−1 trial−1) treated with or without productivity-enhancing technologies were modelled for a multiyear study (n = 4). Heifers (H) were assigned to the following treatments: (1) implanted (HTBA); (2) provided with melengestrol acetate (HMGA); (3) nonimplanted control, weight-adjusted (CON_Adj) to achieve the same final carcass weight (CW) as 1 (HCON_AdjTBA); or (4) CON_Adj to achieve the CW as 2 (HCON_AdjMGA). Steers (S) were assigned as follows: (1) implanted (STBA); (2) implanted and provided with ractopamine hydrochloride (SRAC; conducted in the last 2 years); (3) CON_Adj to achieve the same CW as 1 (SCON_AdjTBA); or (4) CON_Adj to achieve the same CW as 2 (SCON_AdjRAC). The GHG and NH3 emissions from HTBA, HMGA, STBA, and SRAC were 3.8%, 3.0%, 10.1%, and 8.5% lower and 4.3%, 2.9%, 7.4%, and 7.6% lower, respectively, than the respective control cattle. The land required to produce feed was also reduced by 6.6%, 4.8%, 9.9%, and 10.9%, while water use was reduced by 6.4%, 4.8%, 10.1%, and 11.1% for HTBA, HMGA, STBA, and SRAC, respectively. This modelling study clearly demonstrates that conventional beef production systems have a lower environmental footprint than nonconventional systems.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44680618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extrusion effects on the starch and fibre composition of Canadian pulses 挤压对加拿大豆类淀粉和纤维组成的影响
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0127
O. Babatunde, C. Cargo-Froom, Y. Ai, R. Newkirk, C. Marinangeli, A. Shoveller, D. Columbus
Abstract Pulses are important as alternative sources of protein and carbohydrates for the animal industry and, thus, require accurate evaluation of their nutrient profile during processing. Extrusion is a thermal processing of ingredients to induce physiochemical changes that convert them into more valuable products. The current study evaluated the effects of extrusion on the starch and fibre components of Amarillo peas, Dun peas, chickpeas, faba beans, lentils, and soybean meal (SBM). Pulses were extruded at 18% or 22% moisture and 110, 130, or 150 °C. Extrusion decreased (P < 0.05) the starch content in Amarillo and Dun peas but increased (P < 0.05) the same in faba beans, lentils, and SBM when compared with their whole counterparts. There was no difference in the total dietary fibre content of whole and extruded Amarillo peas, Dun peas, chickpeas, and SBM. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) the soluble dietary fibre (SDF) content of all pulses and SBM except chickpeas. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) for all fibre types in faba beans. Results indicate that extrusion increased the starch and SDF content of most pulses but had negative or no effects on other fibre components in all pulses except faba beans.
豆类是动物工业中重要的蛋白质和碳水化合物的替代来源,因此,在加工过程中需要对其营养成分进行准确的评估。挤压是对原料进行热加工,以诱导其发生物理化学变化,从而将其转化为更有价值的产品。本研究评估了挤压对Amarillo豌豆、Dun豌豆、鹰嘴豆、蚕豆、扁豆和豆粕(SBM)淀粉和纤维成分的影响。脉冲在18%或22%的水分和110、130或150°C下挤压。与全粒豌豆相比,挤压降低了阿马利洛豌豆和敦豌豆的淀粉含量(P < 0.05),而蚕豆、扁豆和豆粕的淀粉含量均有显著提高(P < 0.05)。全粒豌豆、挤压豌豆、鹰嘴豆和豆粕的总膳食纤维含量无显著差异。除鹰嘴豆外,其他豆类和豆粕的可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)含量均有显著提高(P < 0.05)。蚕豆各纤维类型挤压量均增加(P < 0.05)。结果表明,挤压提高了大多数豆类的淀粉和SDF含量,但对除蚕豆外的其他豆类纤维成分没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of sugarcane extract on growth and diarrhea of growing piglets 甘蔗提取物对生长仔猪生长发育及腹泻的影响
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0136
Kai Wang, Xin Ren, X. Shen, Yansen Li, Yangchun Xia, Zhaojian Li, Chunmei Li
Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of sugarcane extract (SCE) on growing pigs' diarrhea incidence, serum immunity, intestinal morphology, and antioxidant enzyme activity. A total of 116 52-day-old commercial pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Jiaxing Black, average weight of 11 ± 1 kg) were randomly allocated to control (CON, basal diet) and 1% SCE group (SCEG, basal diet + 1% SCE). The experiment lasted four weeks. Compared with CON, diarrhea incidence (SCEG: 74.11% versus CON: 54.76%) and diarrhea index (SCEG: 83.65% versus CON: 73.61%) dropped largely in pigs supplemented with SCE. Villus height in the duodenum (p < 0.01) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (p < 0.05) increased in SCEG. Dietary SCE enhanced the activity of catalase (CAT) capacity, and decreased tumor necrosis factor α, and malondialdehyde levels in serum (p < 0.05). CAT activity in the ileum increased (p < 0.05) in piglets supplemented with SCE. Thus, dietary supplementation with SCE improved diarrhea incidence, serum antioxidant capacity and immunity, and intestinal villus morphology and may be used as an efficient antibiotic alternative in weaned piglet feed.
摘要本试验旨在研究甘蔗提取物(SCE)对生长猪腹泻发生率、血清免疫、肠道形态和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验选用平均体重为11±1 kg的52日龄商品猪(杜×长×嘉兴黑)116头,随机分为对照组(CON,基础日粮)和1% SCE组(SCEG,基础日粮+ 1% SCE)。实验持续了四周。与CON相比,添加SCE的猪腹泻发生率(SCEG: 74.11%, CON: 54.76%)和腹泻指数(SCEG: 83.65%, CON: 73.61%)均显著降低。SCEG组十二指肠绒毛高度(p < 0.01)和绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比(p < 0.05)升高。饲粮SCE提高了血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低了血清肿瘤坏死因子α和丙二醛水平(p < 0.05)。添加SCE的仔猪回肠CAT活性显著提高(p < 0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加SCE可改善断奶仔猪腹泻发生率、血清抗氧化能力和免疫力,改善肠道绒毛形态,可作为一种有效的抗生素替代品。
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引用次数: 0
Protective effects of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on barrier function injury of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 甲基磺酰甲烷(MSM)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的猪肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2)屏障功能损伤的保护作用
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0141
Y. Jiao, Hengjiang Li, Ting Ren, I. Kim
Abstract Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a natural organic sulfur component that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, injury of porcine intestinal epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) models were used to investigate the effect of MSM on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced porcine intestinal epithelium barrier damage. The results of the cell cycle showed that the cells in the G2/M phase decreased significantly with the supplementation of 300 mmol/L MSM (P < 0.05). The ELISA assay revealed that MSM could significantly inhibit the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, MSM could significantly increase the value of cell monolayer transepithelial electrical resistance while reducing the FITC-dextran flux permeability and lactate dehydrogenase activity in IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.01). Additionally, 300 mmol/L MSM significantly increased both mRNA and protein expression of occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MSM prevented the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by LPS, indicating that MSM might enhance tight junction function through mechanisms of activation of EGFR-mediated protein synthesis in IPEC-J2 cells. Therefore, our findings suggested that MSM has protective effects on inflammation and epithelial barrier injury in LPS-induced IPEC-J2 cells, indicating that MSM might be used as a potential therapeutic agent in the pig industry.
摘要甲基磺酰基甲烷(MSM)是一种具有抗炎和抗氧化特性的天然有机硫成分。本研究采用猪肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2)损伤模型,探讨MSM对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的猪肠上皮屏障损伤的影响。细胞周期结果显示,添加300 mmol/L MSM后,G2/M期细胞数量显著减少(P < 0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,MSM能显著抑制肿瘤坏死因子- α、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6的表达(P < 0.01)。MSM能显著提高IPEC-J2细胞单层上皮电阻值,降低fitc -葡聚糖通量通透性和乳酸脱氢酶活性(P < 0.01)。300 mmol/L MSM显著提高了occludin、claudin-1和ZO-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达(P < 0.05)。此外,MSM可以阻止LPS对表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)的下调,表明MSM可能通过激活EGFR介导的蛋白合成机制增强IPEC-J2细胞的紧密连接功能。因此,我们的研究结果表明,MSM对lps诱导的IPEC-J2细胞的炎症和上皮屏障损伤具有保护作用,这表明MSM可能是一种潜在的养猪业治疗剂。
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引用次数: 0
Age-related effects of high-frequency LED lighting in laying hens. Part 1: blood physiological variables 高频LED照明对蛋鸡的年龄相关影响。第一部分:血液生理变量
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0119
H. Olanrewaju, J. Purswell, J. Evans, S. Collier, S. Branton
Abstract Light impacts layer hen's welfare and production. This study investigated the effects of a novel LED light system on blood physiological variables in laying hens. In each of the two trials, 320-layer pullets were allocated to 16 groups of 20 birds. Treatments included the prototype LED lighting (two rooms) and the conventional 2700 K LED bulbs (two rooms). On each sampling day, blood samples were collected and analyzed immediately. Results show that only a few physiological variables were affected by treatments, but age had effects on most examined variables. No effects of treatments or age on plasma corticosterone signify a similar level of physiological stress.
光照影响蛋鸡的福利和生产。本研究研究了一种新型LED光系统对蛋鸡血液生理指标的影响。在两个试验中,每个试验将320个蛋鸡分配给16组,每组20只鸡。处理包括原型LED照明(两个房间)和传统的2700 K LED灯泡(两个房间)。在每个采样日,立即采集血样并进行分析。结果表明,只有少数生理变量受到治疗的影响,但年龄对大多数被检查的变量有影响。治疗或年龄对血浆皮质酮没有影响,表明生理应激水平相似。
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引用次数: 0
Recording of calf diseases for potential use in breeding programs: a case study on calf respiratory illness and diarrhea 记录小牛疾病以备育种计划之用:小牛呼吸道疾病与腹泻个案研究
IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0112
N. van Staaveren, E. Hyland, K. Houlahan, C. Lynch, F. Miglior, D. Kelton, F. Schenkel, C. Baes
Abstract Calf diseases remain a challenge for dairy producers from both an economic and welfare perspective. Genetically selecting for disease resistance in calves is a promising approach that could contribute to sustainable dairy farming. Genetic evaluations, however, require well-defined and consistently recorded phenotypes to be successful. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the current state of calf disease recording on Ontario farms. Calf disease records of respiratory illness and diarrhea were available from the national milk recording organization (Lactanet Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada) from 2009 to 2020. A case study was conducted to describe calf disease diagnoses and recording practices by surveying a subset of 13 Ontario dairy producers. The percentage of milk recorded farms that recorded calf respiratory illness and calf diarrhea increased from 2.6% in 2009 to 11.1% in 2020. Potential sources of data loss were identified along the information chain from farm to genetic evaluation database. Clear definitions and thresholds to diagnose calf disease, standard operating procedures for data recording, as well as a data transfer pipeline, which includes exchange formats, are needed to facilitate the inclusion of calf health traits in genetic evaluations.
从经济和福利的角度来看,小牛疾病仍然是乳品生产者面临的挑战。对小牛进行抗病基因选择是一种很有前途的方法,可能有助于可持续的奶牛养殖。然而,遗传评估需要明确定义和一致记录的表型才能成功。因此,本研究旨在了解安大略省农场小牛疾病记录的现状。从2009年到2020年,可从国家牛奶记录组织(Lactanet Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada)获得呼吸道疾病和腹泻的小牛疾病记录。通过调查13个安大略省乳制品生产商的一个子集,进行了一个案例研究,以描述小牛疾病的诊断和记录实践。有小牛呼吸道疾病和腹泻记录的奶场比例从2009年的2.6%上升到2020年的11.1%。在从农场到遗传评估数据库的信息链上确定了潜在的数据丢失来源。诊断小牛疾病的明确定义和阈值、数据记录的标准操作程序以及包括交换格式在内的数据传输管道,都需要有助于将小牛健康特征纳入遗传评估。
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引用次数: 1
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Canadian Journal of Animal Science
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