Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-2092
Ali Bouzekri, Meryem Nassar, Souheila Slimani, Zohra Chekroud
Tribulus terrestris is a plant of the Zygophyllaceae family frequently used worldwide to treat various diseases due to the therapeutic effects of its pharmacological components. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of T. terrestris using two plant models, Allium cepa and Vicia faba. Extracts of 0.00625, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1mg/mL were tested on meristematic cells of A. cepa and V. faba roots. This assessment includes the study of root growth, structure and coloration, as well as the determination of the mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) as accurate indicators of toxicity. Our results showed a significant decrease in the mean length of roots treated with 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml for A. cepa and 0.1 mg/ml for V. faba. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity results showed a significant decrease in MI from 0.025 mg/ml in A. cepa and from 0.05 mg/ml in V. faba, and this decrease in MI is linked to the increase in concentration and treatment time with T. terrestris. Furthermore, a significant increase in CAs was observed in A. cepa and V. faba from the 0.025 mg/ml concentration. The significant reduction in MI and CAs abundance suggests the genotoxicity of T. terrestris. Therefore, T. terrestris is a medicinal plant that should be used with caution, appropriately and based on essential therapeutic needs.
{"title":"Cytogenetic effects of Tribulus terrestris L. on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. and Vicia faba L.","authors":"Ali Bouzekri, Meryem Nassar, Souheila Slimani, Zohra Chekroud","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-2092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-2092","url":null,"abstract":"Tribulus terrestris is a plant of the Zygophyllaceae family frequently used worldwide to treat various diseases due to the therapeutic effects of its pharmacological components. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of T. terrestris using two plant models, Allium cepa and Vicia faba. Extracts of 0.00625, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1mg/mL were tested on meristematic cells of A. cepa and V. faba roots. This assessment includes the study of root growth, structure and coloration, as well as the determination of the mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) as accurate indicators of toxicity. Our results showed a significant decrease in the mean length of roots treated with 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml for A. cepa and 0.1 mg/ml for V. faba. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity results showed a significant decrease in MI from 0.025 mg/ml in A. cepa and from 0.05 mg/ml in V. faba, and this decrease in MI is linked to the increase in concentration and treatment time with T. terrestris. Furthermore, a significant increase in CAs was observed in A. cepa and V. faba from the 0.025 mg/ml concentration. The significant reduction in MI and CAs abundance suggests the genotoxicity of T. terrestris. Therefore, T. terrestris is a medicinal plant that should be used with caution, appropriately and based on essential therapeutic needs.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135110197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1633
Saeed Mohammadpour, G. Karimzadeh, S. Ghaffari
Twelve berry species, including Rubus fruticosus cv. Qaemshahr, Rubus occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr, and Morus alba cv. Mashhad, Morus rubra cv. Karaj, Fragaria vesca subsp. vesca, Ribes nigrum, Ribes rubrum, Ribes uva-crispa; Lycium barbarum, Lycium infaustum, Lycium ruthenicum, and Vaccinium corymbosum were surveyed for karyomorphology analysis, monoploid genome size, and antioxidant activity. Results indicated that all species were diploid (2n = 2x = 14, 16, 24, and 28). Among these species, chromosome counts and karyomorphology parameters of three cultivars including: R. fruticosus cv. Qaemshahr (2n = 2x = 14), R. occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr (2n = 2x = 14), and M. alba cv. Mashhad (2n = 2x = 28) are reported here for the first time. The flow cytometric mean monoploid 2Cx DNA of berry species was 2.35 pg, varied from 0.68 (Rubus occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr) to 5.15 pg (Lycium ruthenicum). The average antioxidant capacity of berry species was obtained 32.8 μmol g-1. Their average total phenol and flavonoid contents were 4.98 mg g-1 (3.08-8.61 mg g-1), and 5.18 (2.47-10.63 mg g-1), respectively.
12种浆果，包括红莓。《西方Rubus occidentalis》。qemshahr, Morus alba等。马什哈德，桑树。卡拉吉，Fragaria vesca subsp。紫檀、黑檀、红檀、葡萄树;对枸杞、枸杞、枸杞、枸杞和枸杞进行了核形态分析、单倍体基因组大小和抗氧化活性研究。结果表明，所有种属均为二倍体(2n = 2x = 14、16、24和28)。对3个品种的染色体计数和核形态参数进行了分析。qemshahr (2n = 2x = 14)， R. occidentalis cv。Qaemshahr (2n = 2x = 14)， M. alba cv。本文首次报道了Mashhad (2n = 2x = 28)。流式细胞术检测结果显示，莓类的单倍体2Cx DNA平均值为2.35 pg，从0.68 (Rubus occidentalis cv)到0.68 (Rubus occidentalis cv)。qemshahr)到5.15 pg(枸杞)。不同种类浆果的平均抗氧化能力为32.8 μmol g-1。其平均总酚含量为4.98 mg g-1 (3.08 ~ 8.61 mg g-1)，总黄酮含量为5.18 mg g-1 (2.47 ~ 10.63 mg g-1)。
{"title":"Karyomorphology, genome size, and variation of antioxidant in twelve berry species from Iran","authors":"Saeed Mohammadpour, G. Karimzadeh, S. Ghaffari","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1633","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve berry species, including Rubus fruticosus cv. Qaemshahr, Rubus occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr, and Morus alba cv. Mashhad, Morus rubra cv. Karaj, Fragaria vesca subsp. vesca, Ribes nigrum, Ribes rubrum, Ribes uva-crispa; Lycium barbarum, Lycium infaustum, Lycium ruthenicum, and Vaccinium corymbosum were surveyed for karyomorphology analysis, monoploid genome size, and antioxidant activity. Results indicated that all species were diploid (2n = 2x = 14, 16, 24, and 28). Among these species, chromosome counts and karyomorphology parameters of three cultivars including: R. fruticosus cv. Qaemshahr (2n = 2x = 14), R. occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr (2n = 2x = 14), and M. alba cv. Mashhad (2n = 2x = 28) are reported here for the first time. The flow cytometric mean monoploid 2Cx DNA of berry species was 2.35 pg, varied from 0.68 (Rubus occidentalis cv. Qaemshahr) to 5.15 pg (Lycium ruthenicum). The average antioxidant capacity of berry species was obtained 32.8 μmol g-1. Their average total phenol and flavonoid contents were 4.98 mg g-1 (3.08-8.61 mg g-1), and 5.18 (2.47-10.63 mg g-1), respectively.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84169341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1922
Basoz Sadiq Muhealdin, S. Hamarashid, Fairuz Ibrahim Ali, N. Abdulla, Syamand Ahmad Qadir
This research evaluated the effect of foliar spraying of different elicitors on modulating the effect of water stress on the stevia. The experimental design was the split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. Experimental treatments included different irrigation regimes (90% FC, 65% FC, and 40% FC) and foliar application of different elicitors (control, chitosan, salicylic acid, and melatonin). In this study, the content of chlorophyll A and b was reduced by intensifying the water deficit stress. Also, the highest content of the two pigments was allocated to the treatment of melatonin application. In the present study, melatonin foliar application under 90% FC irrigation conditions had the highest plant height, leaf area index, biomass, and carotenoid content, Moreover, the highest content of proline, phenol, DPPH, rebaudioside A, and steviosid was assigned to melatonin foliar application treatment under 40% FC irrigation conditions. Results revealed, although water stress reduced plant height, leaf area index, and plant biomass, the application of melatonin and salicylic acid under different irrigation conditions moderated the effect of water stress on these traits. Application of melatonin and salicylic acid under water deficit stress conditions also increased the content of proline, phenol, DPPH, rebaudioside, and steviosid.
{"title":"Studying some morphological responses of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) to some elicitors under water deficiency","authors":"Basoz Sadiq Muhealdin, S. Hamarashid, Fairuz Ibrahim Ali, N. Abdulla, Syamand Ahmad Qadir","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1922","url":null,"abstract":"This research evaluated the effect of foliar spraying of different elicitors on modulating the effect of water stress on the stevia. The experimental design was the split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. Experimental treatments included different irrigation regimes (90% FC, 65% FC, and 40% FC) and foliar application of different elicitors (control, chitosan, salicylic acid, and melatonin). In this study, the content of chlorophyll A and b was reduced by intensifying the water deficit stress. Also, the highest content of the two pigments was allocated to the treatment of melatonin application. In the present study, melatonin foliar application under 90% FC irrigation conditions had the highest plant height, leaf area index, biomass, and carotenoid content, Moreover, the highest content of proline, phenol, DPPH, rebaudioside A, and steviosid was assigned to melatonin foliar application treatment under 40% FC irrigation conditions. Results revealed, although water stress reduced plant height, leaf area index, and plant biomass, the application of melatonin and salicylic acid under different irrigation conditions moderated the effect of water stress on these traits. Application of melatonin and salicylic acid under water deficit stress conditions also increased the content of proline, phenol, DPPH, rebaudioside, and steviosid.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"219 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79814728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1827
S. M. Hosseini, S. KalateJari, M. Kafi, B. Motesharezadeh
Heavy metals pollution is an important challenge that was cussed by human activity, this stress decreases under salinity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Japanese raisin in the absorption of nitrate (0, 30, and 60 mgL-1) and lead (0, 300, and 600 mgL-1) under salinity stress (0 as control and 3 and 6 dSm-1). Results showed that the studied plant continued to uptake nitrate and potassium under stress conditions of Pb and salinity. Although Na and Cl uptake were observed as a defense mechanism in the plant, the K/Na ratio, and K content increased from 1 to 6 and from 1.8 to 5%, respectively. Also, the most appropriate physiological responses were observed at treatments under contamination level of 300 mg Pb and salinity level of 3 dSm-1, so that the synthesis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and enzymatic activity increased at these levels of HMs and salinity. Based on the results, the studied species were able to uptake moderate concentrations of Pb (34.1-71mg kg-1) under experimental conditions. Hence, its potential for the clean-up of some contaminants in the environment can be considered by researchers for further research.
{"title":"Assessment of the absorption ability of nitrate and lead by japanese raisin under salt stress conditions","authors":"S. M. Hosseini, S. KalateJari, M. Kafi, B. Motesharezadeh","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1827","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals pollution is an important challenge that was cussed by human activity, this stress decreases under salinity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Japanese raisin in the absorption of nitrate (0, 30, and 60 mgL-1) and lead (0, 300, and 600 mgL-1) under salinity stress (0 as control and 3 and 6 dSm-1). Results showed that the studied plant continued to uptake nitrate and potassium under stress conditions of Pb and salinity. Although Na and Cl uptake were observed as a defense mechanism in the plant, the K/Na ratio, and K content increased from 1 to 6 and from 1.8 to 5%, respectively. Also, the most appropriate physiological responses were observed at treatments under contamination level of 300 mg Pb and salinity level of 3 dSm-1, so that the synthesis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and enzymatic activity increased at these levels of HMs and salinity. Based on the results, the studied species were able to uptake moderate concentrations of Pb (34.1-71mg kg-1) under experimental conditions. Hence, its potential for the clean-up of some contaminants in the environment can be considered by researchers for further research.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82298129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1721
Narges Firoozi, G. Karimzadeh, M. S. Sabet, V. Sayadi
Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida L.) is one of the endemic medicinal plants in Iran. Analysis of karyomorphology and 2Cx DNA measurements (monoploid genome size) of 18 Iranian endemic Ferula assa-foetida populations were performed. The in vitro embryo-derived root tips were examined for karyological studies, via technique of squash and stain with 2% (w/v) aceto-orcein. Seeds of the Ferula samples and leaves of Solanum lycopersicum as standard reference (2C DNA = 1.96 pg) were stained with propidium iodide (PI), using flow cytometric (FCM) technique. All the studied populations were diploids (2n = 2x = 22) with mean chromosome length (CL) of 3.95 μm, varied from 3.05 μm (P7) to 4.94 μm (P18). The mean total chromosome volume (TCV) was 0.98 μm3, ranged from 0.47 μm3 (P7) to 1.57 μm3 (P3). Two-typed chromosomes (“m”, “sm”) formed three classes of karyotype formula. Karyotypes were mostly symmetrical and fell in 1A and 2A Stebbins category. The monoploid genome size of Iranian endemic Ferula assa-foetida populations is being stated for the first time; its mean value was 4.51 pg, ranged from 4.09 (P4) to 4.69 pg (P16). Intraspecific karyomorphological and genome size variations were clearly confirmed in studied Ferula assa-foetida.
{"title":"Intraspecific karyomorphological and genome size variations of in vitro embryo derived Iranian endemic Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida L., Apiaceae)","authors":"Narges Firoozi, G. Karimzadeh, M. S. Sabet, V. Sayadi","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1721","url":null,"abstract":"Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida L.) is one of the endemic medicinal plants in Iran. Analysis of karyomorphology and 2Cx DNA measurements (monoploid genome size) of 18 Iranian endemic Ferula assa-foetida populations were performed. The in vitro embryo-derived root tips were examined for karyological studies, via technique of squash and stain with 2% (w/v) aceto-orcein. Seeds of the Ferula samples and leaves of Solanum lycopersicum as standard reference (2C DNA = 1.96 pg) were stained with propidium iodide (PI), using flow cytometric (FCM) technique. All the studied populations were diploids (2n = 2x = 22) with mean chromosome length (CL) of 3.95 μm, varied from 3.05 μm (P7) to 4.94 μm (P18). The mean total chromosome volume (TCV) was 0.98 μm3, ranged from 0.47 μm3 (P7) to 1.57 μm3 (P3). Two-typed chromosomes (“m”, “sm”) formed three classes of karyotype formula. Karyotypes were mostly symmetrical and fell in 1A and 2A Stebbins category. The monoploid genome size of Iranian endemic Ferula assa-foetida populations is being stated for the first time; its mean value was 4.51 pg, ranged from 4.09 (P4) to 4.69 pg (P16). Intraspecific karyomorphological and genome size variations were clearly confirmed in studied Ferula assa-foetida.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90226530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1629
Chnar Hama Noori Meerza, Basoz Sadiq Muhealdin, S. Hamarashid, Syamand Ahmad Qadir, Yusef Juan
Species identification is fundamentally important within the fields of biology, biogeography, ecology and conservation. The genus Alcea (Malvaceae) includes approximately 70 species of mainly Irano-Turanian distribution and is considered one of the most challenging genera of the Middle East, due to its uniformity and pronounced plasticity in morphological traits. In spite vast distribution of many Alcea species that grow in Iraq, there are not any available report on their genetic diversity, mode of divergence and patterns of dispersal. Therefore, we performed molecular (SRAP marker) and morphological studies of 80 accessions from 10 species of Alcea that were collected from different habitats in Iraq. The aims of present study are: 1) can SRAP markers identify Alcea species, 2) what is the genetic structure of these taxa in Iraq, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship? The present study revealed that combination of morphological and SRAP data can identify the species.
{"title":"Delimiting species using DNA and morphological variation in some Alcea (Malvaceae) species based on SRAP markers","authors":"Chnar Hama Noori Meerza, Basoz Sadiq Muhealdin, S. Hamarashid, Syamand Ahmad Qadir, Yusef Juan","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1629","url":null,"abstract":"Species identification is fundamentally important within the fields of biology, biogeography, ecology and conservation. The genus Alcea (Malvaceae) includes approximately 70 species of mainly Irano-Turanian distribution and is considered one of the most challenging genera of the Middle East, due to its uniformity and pronounced plasticity in morphological traits. In spite vast distribution of many Alcea species that grow in Iraq, there are not any available report on their genetic diversity, mode of divergence and patterns of dispersal. Therefore, we performed molecular (SRAP marker) and morphological studies of 80 accessions from 10 species of Alcea that were collected from different habitats in Iraq. The aims of present study are: 1) can SRAP markers identify Alcea species, 2) what is the genetic structure of these taxa in Iraq, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship? The present study revealed that combination of morphological and SRAP data can identify the species.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"152 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83859830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1592
L. Malekmohammadi, M. Sheidai, F. Ghahremaninejad, A. Danehkar, F. Koohdar
The genus Avicennia contains of 8 species which show a great extent of morphological and genetic variability, which make taxonomy of the genus difficult. Molecular barcoding along with advancement in computational approaches may be proper methods to investigate and assess the efficiency of different molecular genetic regions in Avicennia species delineation and also produce data on species evolution and divergence. The aims of present study were to utilize multiple genetic data for the species delineation and study the phylogeny of the genus. Moreover, we developed a hypothesis on biogeography of these species with respect to barcode divergence. The results showed that both Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and trnHG–psbA intergenic spacer (trnHG-psbA) sequences may be used in Avicennia species delineation. Barcode gap analysis and nucleotide difference of the studied taxa showed significant Fst for pair-wise species comparison and the role of nucleotide changes in Avicennia speciation.
{"title":"Avicennia genus molecular phylogeny and barcoding: A multiple approach","authors":"L. Malekmohammadi, M. Sheidai, F. Ghahremaninejad, A. Danehkar, F. Koohdar","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1592","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Avicennia contains of 8 species which show a great extent of morphological and genetic variability, which make taxonomy of the genus difficult. Molecular barcoding along with advancement in computational approaches may be proper methods to investigate and assess the efficiency of different molecular genetic regions in Avicennia species delineation and also produce data on species evolution and divergence. The aims of present study were to utilize multiple genetic data for the species delineation and study the phylogeny of the genus. Moreover, we developed a hypothesis on biogeography of these species with respect to barcode divergence. The results showed that both Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and trnHG–psbA intergenic spacer (trnHG-psbA) sequences may be used in Avicennia species delineation. Barcode gap analysis and nucleotide difference of the studied taxa showed significant Fst for pair-wise species comparison and the role of nucleotide changes in Avicennia speciation.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79321016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton is a commercially important horticultural species worldwide, and extensive cultivation and hybridization have produced many varieties. Despite the considerable breeding, selection, widespread cultivation and domestication, which may have a significant role in the composition of genomes, there are no other previous reports of intraspecific genome size variation in the different cultivars or hybrids of this species. In the present work, genome size of 12 varieties of I. cornuta was assessed and analyzed through high-resolution flow cytometry (FCM). Nuclear DNA was analyzed using nuclei isolated from young leaves, which used propidium iodide (PI) staining, with rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare) as internal reference. As a result, statistically significant differences in genome size were detected among all diploid I. cornuta varieties considered. The estimated genome size (2C value) of I. cornuta varieties ranged from 1.47 to 1.80 pg, with 1.22-fold variation and an average size of 1.65 pg. The domestication and interspecific hybridization induced variation of genome size in I. cornuta, and the genome size of hybrids exhibited a wider range of variation compared with that of cultivars. In summary, flow cytometry is a useful tool to analyze the genome size of I. cornuta. The first report of the genome sizes of varieties of this species would provide useful data for further research on I. cornuta, and enrich the C value database of Ilex L. What’s more, our findings could be the foundation in the future of I. cornuta genome sequencing and breeding programs.
{"title":"Determination of genome size variation among varieties of Ilex cornuta (Aquifoliaceae) by fow cytometry","authors":"Peng Zhou, Jiao Li, Jing Huang, Fei Li, Qiang Zhang, M. Zhang","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1902","url":null,"abstract":"Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton is a commercially important horticultural species worldwide, and extensive cultivation and hybridization have produced many varieties. Despite the considerable breeding, selection, widespread cultivation and domestication, which may have a significant role in the composition of genomes, there are no other previous reports of intraspecific genome size variation in the different cultivars or hybrids of this species. In the present work, genome size of 12 varieties of I. cornuta was assessed and analyzed through high-resolution flow cytometry (FCM). Nuclear DNA was analyzed using nuclei isolated from young leaves, which used propidium iodide (PI) staining, with rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare) as internal reference. As a result, statistically significant differences in genome size were detected among all diploid I. cornuta varieties considered. The estimated genome size (2C value) of I. cornuta varieties ranged from 1.47 to 1.80 pg, with 1.22-fold variation and an average size of 1.65 pg. The domestication and interspecific hybridization induced variation of genome size in I. cornuta, and the genome size of hybrids exhibited a wider range of variation compared with that of cultivars. In summary, flow cytometry is a useful tool to analyze the genome size of I. cornuta. The first report of the genome sizes of varieties of this species would provide useful data for further research on I. cornuta, and enrich the C value database of Ilex L. What’s more, our findings could be the foundation in the future of I. cornuta genome sequencing and breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"2 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90805269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1875
Weera Thongnetr, S. Prasopsin, S. Aiumsumang, Sukhonthip Ditcharoen, A. Tanomtong, Prayoon Wongchantra, Wutthisak Bunnaen, S. Phimphan
The karyotypes of red-eyed Gecko are not reported yet. Herein, we describe the karyotypes of red-eyed Gecko (Gekko nutaphandi Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels, 2008) from Thailand. Gecko chromosome preparations were directly conducted from bone marrow and testis. Chromosomal characteristics were analyzed by Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR banding as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using microsatellites d(GC)15 probe. The results showed that the number of diploid chromosomes is 2n=34, while the fundamental number (NF) is 46 in both males and females. The types of chromosomes were 4 large metacentric, 6 large submetacentric, 2 medium telocentric, 2 small metacentric and 20 small telocentric chromosomes. The results of conventional Giemsa staining presented the diploid chromosome number differentiation even in the same genus. NORs are located at the secondary constriction to the telomere on the long arm of chromosome pair 5. There are no sex differences in karyotypes between males and females. FISH with d(GC)15 sequences were also displayed at the telomeres of most other chromosomes. We found that during metaphase I the homologous chromosomes showed synapsis, which can be defined as 19 ring bivalents and 17 haploid chromosomes (n=17) at metaphase II as a diploid species. The karyotype formula is as follows: 2n (34) = L4m+L6sm+M2t+S2m+S20t.
{"title":"First report of chromosome and karyological analysis of Gekko nutaphandi (Gekkonidae, Squamata) from Thailand: Neo-diploid chromosome number in genus Gekko","authors":"Weera Thongnetr, S. Prasopsin, S. Aiumsumang, Sukhonthip Ditcharoen, A. Tanomtong, Prayoon Wongchantra, Wutthisak Bunnaen, S. Phimphan","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1875","url":null,"abstract":"The karyotypes of red-eyed Gecko are not reported yet. Herein, we describe the karyotypes of red-eyed Gecko (Gekko nutaphandi Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels, 2008) from Thailand. Gecko chromosome preparations were directly conducted from bone marrow and testis. Chromosomal characteristics were analyzed by Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR banding as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using microsatellites d(GC)15 probe. The results showed that the number of diploid chromosomes is 2n=34, while the fundamental number (NF) is 46 in both males and females. The types of chromosomes were 4 large metacentric, 6 large submetacentric, 2 medium telocentric, 2 small metacentric and 20 small telocentric chromosomes. The results of conventional Giemsa staining presented the diploid chromosome number differentiation even in the same genus. NORs are located at the secondary constriction to the telomere on the long arm of chromosome pair 5. There are no sex differences in karyotypes between males and females. FISH with d(GC)15 sequences were also displayed at the telomeres of most other chromosomes. We found that during metaphase I the homologous chromosomes showed synapsis, which can be defined as 19 ring bivalents and 17 haploid chromosomes (n=17) at metaphase II as a diploid species. The karyotype formula is as follows: 2n (34) = L4m+L6sm+M2t+S2m+S20t.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"1987 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82255269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.36253/caryologia-1886
Wendy Ozols-Narbona, José Imery-Buiza
Aloe L. includes plants of economic interest worldwide for their medicinal properties and ornamental character. In this study, morphological and cytogenetic traits were evaluated in a hybrid obtained using Aloe jucunda Reyn. as pollen donor and A. vera (L.) Burm. f. as female parent, to characterize it, determine its ornamental and agronomic potentialities and aspects related to its reproduction. Conventional protocols for morphometric studies and cytogenetic analysis described for succulent plants were applied. Progeny showed intermediate expressiveness in most of the characteristics, except in the colour of the leaves and flowers (hybrid = A. jucunda), as well as for the length of teeth, number, and area of leaf spots and angle between continuous leaves, where it surpassed the expression of both parents, giving it a high ornamental value. The length, width, and thickness of the leaves improved with respect to the paternal genome, so its potential for the exploitation of the gel and latex of its leaves cannot be ruled out. Root tip cells showed a karyotype 2n = 2x = 14 = 8L + 6S = 1L(smsat) + 1L(sm) + 3L(st) + 3L(smsat) + 1S(m) + 5S(sm). Microsporogenesis showed chromosomal abnormalities in 47.4% of the meiocytes, the most frequent being micronuclei in prophase-I, sticky chromosomes in metaphase-I, one or two dicentric bridges accompanied or not by acentric fragments in anaphase-I, -II, and telophase-I, - II, as well as one or two additional microspores. These abnormalities reduce the fertility of their pollen grains and limit their sexual reproduction, providing a better explanation for their sterility.
{"title":"Morphological and cytogenetic characterization in experimental hybrid Aloe jucunda Reyn. x Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Asphodelaceae)","authors":"Wendy Ozols-Narbona, José Imery-Buiza","doi":"10.36253/caryologia-1886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1886","url":null,"abstract":"Aloe L. includes plants of economic interest worldwide for their medicinal properties and ornamental character. In this study, morphological and cytogenetic traits were evaluated in a hybrid obtained using Aloe jucunda Reyn. as pollen donor and A. vera (L.) Burm. f. as female parent, to characterize it, determine its ornamental and agronomic potentialities and aspects related to its reproduction. Conventional protocols for morphometric studies and cytogenetic analysis described for succulent plants were applied. Progeny showed intermediate expressiveness in most of the characteristics, except in the colour of the leaves and flowers (hybrid = A. jucunda), as well as for the length of teeth, number, and area of leaf spots and angle between continuous leaves, where it surpassed the expression of both parents, giving it a high ornamental value. The length, width, and thickness of the leaves improved with respect to the paternal genome, so its potential for the exploitation of the gel and latex of its leaves cannot be ruled out. Root tip cells showed a karyotype 2n = 2x = 14 = 8L + 6S = 1L(smsat) + 1L(sm) + 3L(st) + 3L(smsat) + 1S(m) + 5S(sm). Microsporogenesis showed chromosomal abnormalities in 47.4% of the meiocytes, the most frequent being micronuclei in prophase-I, sticky chromosomes in metaphase-I, one or two dicentric bridges accompanied or not by acentric fragments in anaphase-I, -II, and telophase-I, - II, as well as one or two additional microspores. These abnormalities reduce the fertility of their pollen grains and limit their sexual reproduction, providing a better explanation for their sterility.","PeriodicalId":9634,"journal":{"name":"Caryologia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84127969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：