Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.39
A. Dauletbakov, E. Belyankova, S. Tursynbek, B. Anapiyayev, D. Zolotareva, A. Ten, A. Zazybin
Synthesis of 3-chloro-N,N-diethyl-N-(2-(mesitylamino)-2-oxoethyl)propan-1-aminium iodide (1) was performed by via N-alkylation in conventional conditions and using microwave irradiation and ultrasound activation. The synthesized ionic compound was characterized using IR, 1H and 13C NMR, growth-stimulating activity had been tested for ten varieties and hybrids of sweet sorghum seeds.
在常规条件下，通过n-烷基化，微波辐射和超声活化，合成了3-氯- n, n-二乙基- n-(2-(甲三氨基)-2-氧乙基)丙-1-碘化胺(1)。用IR、1H和13C NMR对合成的离子化合物进行了表征，并对10个甜高粱品种和杂交种进行了促生长活性测试。
{"title":"CONVENTIONAL AND NONCONVENTIONAL METHODS OF SYNTHESIS AND GROWTH-STIMULATING ACTIVITY OF 3-CHLORO-N,N-DIETHYL-N-(2-(MESITYLAMINO)-2-OXOETHYL)PROPAN-1-AMINIUM IODIDE","authors":"A. Dauletbakov, E. Belyankova, S. Tursynbek, B. Anapiyayev, D. Zolotareva, A. Ten, A. Zazybin","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.39","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of 3-chloro-N,N-diethyl-N-(2-(mesitylamino)-2-oxoethyl)propan-1-aminium iodide (1) was performed by via N-alkylation in conventional conditions and using microwave irradiation and ultrasound activation. The synthesized ionic compound was characterized using IR, 1H and 13C NMR, growth-stimulating activity had been tested for ten varieties and hybrids of sweet sorghum seeds.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79536275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.38
M. Kurmanaliev, J. Jenisbek
In the work, the regularities of the process of sorption of copper and nickel ions from model solutions by low-base anionites containing coordination secondary groups are investigated. The main kinetic and concentration coordination characteristics of the process of complexation of copper and nickel ions with ligand groups of a low-base sorbent are determined.Potentiometric titration shows that anionite contains low-base functional groups, the pK of which is equal to 7.2.It is established that the process of sorption of copper ions by low-base macroporous anionite is characterized by a high initial rate and rapid achievement of equilibrium, which ensures absorption of copper ions about 70% of the equilibrium values in the first 10- 15 minutes.The main parameters of the sorption process are determined. Analytical description of sorption isotherm in coordinates of Langmuir equation is carried out. It was shown that due to high rates, the degree of extraction from solutions with a concentration of 10- 15 mmol/l under equilibrium conditions reaches 99.6-98.3%.Studies of the sorption process in a dynamic mode showed the possibility of separating heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions on new low-base anionites.
{"title":"SPECIAL FEATURES OF COPPER AND NICKEL SORPTION ON LOW-BASE ANIONITES","authors":"M. Kurmanaliev, J. Jenisbek","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.38","url":null,"abstract":"In the work, the regularities of the process of sorption of copper and nickel ions from model solutions by low-base anionites containing coordination secondary groups are investigated. The main kinetic and concentration coordination characteristics of the process of complexation of copper and nickel ions with ligand groups of a low-base sorbent are determined.Potentiometric titration shows that anionite contains low-base functional groups, the pK of which is equal to 7.2.It is established that the process of sorption of copper ions by low-base macroporous anionite is characterized by a high initial rate and rapid achievement of equilibrium, which ensures absorption of copper ions about 70% of the equilibrium values in the first 10- 15 minutes.The main parameters of the sorption process are determined. Analytical description of sorption isotherm in coordinates of Langmuir equation is carried out. It was shown that due to high rates, the degree of extraction from solutions with a concentration of 10- 15 mmol/l under equilibrium conditions reaches 99.6-98.3%.Studies of the sorption process in a dynamic mode showed the possibility of separating heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions on new low-base anionites.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88158757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.40
O. Nurkenov, S. Fazylov, G.K. Mukusheva, Ye.V. Minayeva, I. Kulakov, Z. Nurmaganbetov, A. S. Kishkentaeva, A.R. Zhasymbekova
This review has been summarized the data on the synthesis of new hybrid derivatives based on alkaloid molecules. At the same time, there have been analyzed methods for obtaining hybrid structures containing fragments of natural compounds molecules in combination with other biologically active plant metabolites, as leading compounds for the development of new pharmacologically valuable agents, with the aim of creating new original drugs. The combination of pharmacophoric residues in one molecule, namely various aromatic and heterocyclic substituents in the nucleoside position of natural alkaloids, opens up new possibilities for both the subsequent chemical modification of the polyfunctional derivatives obtained and their new diverse biological activity. Effective methods of synthesis have been developed on the basis of directed transformations of these compounds (or their precursors). A wide range of pharmaco-logical properties of combined compounds of these series with a combination of low toxicity is promising. Considering that the preparation of combined derivatives based on alkaloid molecules has been insufficiently studied, the targeted synthesis of new com-pounds is of interest both in terms of new medicinespreparation and the development of new methods of organic synthesis, as well as the molecules stereochemistry determination of a new series of compounds.
{"title":"HYBRID MOLECULES BASED ON ALKALOIDS","authors":"O. Nurkenov, S. Fazylov, G.K. Mukusheva, Ye.V. Minayeva, I. Kulakov, Z. Nurmaganbetov, A. S. Kishkentaeva, A.R. Zhasymbekova","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.40","url":null,"abstract":"This review has been summarized the data on the synthesis of new hybrid derivatives based on alkaloid molecules. At the same time, there have been analyzed methods for obtaining hybrid structures containing fragments of natural compounds molecules in combination with other biologically active plant metabolites, as leading compounds for the development of new pharmacologically valuable agents, with the aim of creating new original drugs. The combination of pharmacophoric residues in one molecule, namely various aromatic and heterocyclic substituents in the nucleoside position of natural alkaloids, opens up new possibilities for both the subsequent chemical modification of the polyfunctional derivatives obtained and their new diverse biological activity. Effective methods of synthesis have been developed on the basis of directed transformations of these compounds (or their precursors). A wide range of pharmaco-logical properties of combined compounds of these series with a combination of low toxicity is promising. Considering that the preparation of combined derivatives based on alkaloid molecules has been insufficiently studied, the targeted synthesis of new com-pounds is of interest both in terms of new medicinespreparation and the development of new methods of organic synthesis, as well as the molecules stereochemistry determination of a new series of compounds.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79123550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.44
G. Baisarov, Karaganda Kazakhstan Production Holding “Phytochemistry”, S. Adekenov
The reaction of 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one with dibromoalkanes in acetone in the presence of potassium carbonate proceeds according to the Michael’s retro-reaction O-alkylation and leads to the formation of the corresponding 2-(bromo-alkoxy) chalcones. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by IR-, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of chalcone derivatives (2-3) were studied for the first time in vitro and in vivo.
{"title":"NEW PHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS BASED ON 5-HYDROXY-7-METHOXY-2-PHENYLCHROMAN-4-ONE","authors":"G. Baisarov, Karaganda Kazakhstan Production Holding “Phytochemistry”, S. Adekenov","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.44","url":null,"abstract":"The reaction of 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one with dibromoalkanes in acetone in the presence of potassium carbonate proceeds according to the Michael’s retro-reaction O-alkylation and leads to the formation of the corresponding 2-(bromo-alkoxy) chalcones. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by IR-, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of chalcone derivatives (2-3) were studied for the first time in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90081830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.42
N. Zhunusbekova, Т.К. Iskakova, N. Chinibayeva, G. Kussainova, N. Khudaibergenov
The presence of a three-dimensional hydrophilic network structure ensures the uniqueness and wide practical application of hydrogels in industry, medicine, agriculture, etc. On their basis, soft contact lenses, dressings, superabsorbents, catalysts, soil structuring agents, preventing root drying and improving plant survival, have been created. The aimof this work is to synthesize new water-swellable polymer composites by combining monomer units of various natures based on acrylic acid and agar-agar with imidazole, differing in hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. Results and discussion: The synthesis of new double and ternary polymer composites based on acrylic acid and agar-agar with imidazole was carried out, their physicochemical and complex-forming properties with transition metal ions in an aqueous medium were investigated. Comparative analysis showed that the complexation of interpenetrating networks with FeCl3 is more pronounced than with CoCl2. This fact can be associated with the difficulty of introducing a cobalt ion into the ligand plane during the formation of a metal complex, which further affects the binding to the functional groups of the network. The specific binding of the obtained polymer composites with metal salts was shown, which is carried out through the formation of ion pairs with the participation of counterions and coordination-unsaturated metals, which make the main contribution to the formation of extracomplexes and are responsible for the coordination of oxygen-containing ligands.
{"title":"CREATION A SORPTION MATERIAL FOR THE EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS","authors":"N. Zhunusbekova, Т.К. Iskakova, N. Chinibayeva, G. Kussainova, N. Khudaibergenov","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.42","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of a three-dimensional hydrophilic network structure ensures the uniqueness and wide practical application of hydrogels in industry, medicine, agriculture, etc. On their basis, soft contact lenses, dressings, superabsorbents, catalysts, soil structuring agents, preventing root drying and improving plant survival, have been created. The aimof this work is to synthesize new water-swellable polymer composites by combining monomer units of various natures based on acrylic acid and agar-agar with imidazole, differing in hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. Results and discussion: The synthesis of new double and ternary polymer composites based on acrylic acid and agar-agar with imidazole was carried out, their physicochemical and complex-forming properties with transition metal ions in an aqueous medium were investigated. Comparative analysis showed that the complexation of interpenetrating networks with FeCl3 is more pronounced than with CoCl2. This fact can be associated with the difficulty of introducing a cobalt ion into the ligand plane during the formation of a metal complex, which further affects the binding to the functional groups of the network. The specific binding of the obtained polymer composites with metal salts was shown, which is carried out through the formation of ion pairs with the participation of counterions and coordination-unsaturated metals, which make the main contribution to the formation of extracomplexes and are responsible for the coordination of oxygen-containing ligands.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88834034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.35
U. Dzhusi̇pbekov, G. Nurgalieva, Z. Bayakhmetova, A. K. Shakirova
The influence of various factors on the process of interaction in the systems "sodium humate-mixture of phosphoric and nitric acids" and "phosphorite-mixture of acids-sodium humate" has been investigated. The influence of the ratios of the initial components, the amount of sodium humate introduced, the rate of the acid reagent, the temperature and duration of the reaction on the interaction process in the systems under study was studied, and the optimal process conditions were determined. The methods of chemical and physicochemical analysis revealed that as a result of interaction in the studied heterogeneous systems, ammonium humate, sodium acid phosphates, as well as sodium and ammonium nitrates are formed. Based on the studies carried out, it was found that the introduction of sodium humate prevents the inhibition of the decomposition of phosphate raw materials and the retrogradation of P2O5, i.e. the sparingly soluble calcium hydrogen phosphate formed as a result of the interaction of the initial components under the influence of sodium humate transforms into a readily soluble dihydrogen phosphate. A basic technological scheme for obtaining new types of humate-containing composite products has been developed. A basic technological scheme for obtaining new types of humate-containing products has been developed, which allows obtaining two types of products: fertilizers and compositions. When sodium humate interacts with an acidic reagent, the finished product is a humate composition, and if phosphorite is added to the system, a humate-phosphate fertilizer. The resulting products have a high content of P2O5, nitrogen and humic substances.
{"title":"OBTAINING HUMATE-CONTAINING NEW COMPOSITE PRODUCTS","authors":"U. Dzhusi̇pbekov, G. Nurgalieva, Z. Bayakhmetova, A. K. Shakirova","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.35","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of various factors on the process of interaction in the systems \"sodium humate-mixture of phosphoric and nitric acids\" and \"phosphorite-mixture of acids-sodium humate\" has been investigated. The influence of the ratios of the initial components, the amount of sodium humate introduced, the rate of the acid reagent, the temperature and duration of the reaction on the interaction process in the systems under study was studied, and the optimal process conditions were determined. The methods of chemical and physicochemical analysis revealed that as a result of interaction in the studied heterogeneous systems, ammonium humate, sodium acid phosphates, as well as sodium and ammonium nitrates are formed. Based on the studies carried out, it was found that the introduction of sodium humate prevents the inhibition of the decomposition of phosphate raw materials and the retrogradation of P2O5, i.e. the sparingly soluble calcium hydrogen phosphate formed as a result of the interaction of the initial components under the influence of sodium humate transforms into a readily soluble dihydrogen phosphate. A basic technological scheme for obtaining new types of humate-containing composite products has been developed. A basic technological scheme for obtaining new types of humate-containing products has been developed, which allows obtaining two types of products: fertilizers and compositions. When sodium humate interacts with an acidic reagent, the finished product is a humate composition, and if phosphorite is added to the system, a humate-phosphate fertilizer. The resulting products have a high content of P2O5, nitrogen and humic substances.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77557057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.29
B. Smailov, O. K. Beysenbayev, A. Tleuov, B. Zakirov, A. M. Taspolatova, A.Zh. Tasymbetova, M. Esirkepova, G. Kantureeva
This article provides information about the method of obtaining potassium humate obtained from brown coal of the Lenger deposit, and also describes the elemental and mineralogical composition of potassium humate determined with SEM (JSM-6490l V, Jeol). Kinetic data on the decomposition of brown coal with solutions of potassium hydroxide are presented. The area of chemical reactions and the activation energy are determined. The benefits of the obtained potassium humate are that they are environmentally safe and have high bioactivity. They are also characterized by a high content of humic substances that are involved in the structure formation of the soil, accelerate biochemical processes, and increase the physical and chemical characteristics in the soil. Under the influence of humate-containing substances, the function of microflora elements in the soil is activated, and the number of beneficial microorganisms increases.
{"title":"KINETIC RESEARCH ON THE OBTAINING OF POTASSIUM HUMATE FROM BROWN COAL OF THE LENGER DEPOSIT","authors":"B. Smailov, O. K. Beysenbayev, A. Tleuov, B. Zakirov, A. M. Taspolatova, A.Zh. Tasymbetova, M. Esirkepova, G. Kantureeva","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.29","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides information about the method of obtaining potassium humate obtained from brown coal of the Lenger deposit, and also describes the elemental and mineralogical composition of potassium humate determined with SEM (JSM-6490l V, Jeol). Kinetic data on the decomposition of brown coal with solutions of potassium hydroxide are presented. The area of chemical reactions and the activation energy are determined. The benefits of the obtained potassium humate are that they are environmentally safe and have high bioactivity. They are also characterized by a high content of humic substances that are involved in the structure formation of the soil, accelerate biochemical processes, and increase the physical and chemical characteristics in the soil. Under the influence of humate-containing substances, the function of microflora elements in the soil is activated, and the number of beneficial microorganisms increases.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81665627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.30
T. Bazarbayeva, B.D. Rakhyshova, A. A. Oshakbay
The article considers the geo-ecological situation of the Ili basin. The definition of the physical and geographical location, topography, soil and vegetation of the region was given. It was determined that the management of the efficient use of water resources in the Ili river basin depends primarily on the water resources of the rivers entering the basin and the level of Lake Balkhash. Factors determining the spring flow of the Ili River are shown. Due to the development of the middle reaches of the Ili River, the whole river ecosystem, rice fields and shangel massifs, excessive use of mineral fertilizers and chemicals has led to a decrease in the quality of river water. In addition to the shortage of water resources, anthropogenic measures related to the rapid development of agriculture affect the quality of river water. Physical and chemical studies of water samples taken from the Ili River were carried out. It was clearly observed that the content of trace elements of zinc, lead and iron in water is higher than the approved maximum allowable concentration. According to the results of the study, the effect of micronutrients on the human body was considered.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE ILI BASIN GEOSYSTEMS","authors":"T. Bazarbayeva, B.D. Rakhyshova, A. A. Oshakbay","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.30","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the geo-ecological situation of the Ili basin. The definition of the physical and geographical location, topography, soil and vegetation of the region was given. It was determined that the management of the efficient use of water resources in the Ili river basin depends primarily on the water resources of the rivers entering the basin and the level of Lake Balkhash. Factors determining the spring flow of the Ili River are shown. Due to the development of the middle reaches of the Ili River, the whole river ecosystem, rice fields and shangel massifs, excessive use of mineral fertilizers and chemicals has led to a decrease in the quality of river water. In addition to the shortage of water resources, anthropogenic measures related to the rapid development of agriculture affect the quality of river water. Physical and chemical studies of water samples taken from the Ili River were carried out. It was clearly observed that the content of trace elements of zinc, lead and iron in water is higher than the approved maximum allowable concentration. According to the results of the study, the effect of micronutrients on the human body was considered.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86218348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.33
N.A. Orynbay, K. Kudaibergenov, E. Doszhanov, Z. Mansurov
By the method of heat treatment, a mixture of graphite and salts was obtained from the foam graphite and the conditions for its effective production were determined. The composition of natural graphite of the GL-1 grade of the Russian deposit was determined. The study shows that the main element in graphite is a mixture of carbon and other elements. The analysis of energy dispersions showed the content of other elements in graphite. The content of Zn in the penografite obtained by elemental analysis was determined. In addition, the physicochemical properties of heat-treated graphite were investigated. Using IR spectroscopy, it was found that there are different groups on the surface of the penografite. Analysis of the CS-spectra of penografite allowed us to determine the structure of graphite and penografite. The conducted studies have shown that penografite differs depending on the forms of the spectrum, a set of spectral characteristics that allow us to quantify the degree of maturity of the crystal lattice and identify various defects. Raman spectroscopy for a full understanding of the results of the analysis, studies were carried out scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on a layered structure of penografia. The result of microanalysis and heat treatment shows that natural graphite has changed its composition and structure. It is established that the high-temperature thermal effect significantly changes the quantitative composition of the mixture and the content of various elements depends on the temperature of the thermal cover. The EDAX spectra of heat-treated graphite are shown.
{"title":"OBTAINING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BY THERMAL SHOCK AND THEIR PROPERTIES","authors":"N.A. Orynbay, K. Kudaibergenov, E. Doszhanov, Z. Mansurov","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.33","url":null,"abstract":"By the method of heat treatment, a mixture of graphite and salts was obtained from the foam graphite and the conditions for its effective production were determined. The composition of natural graphite of the GL-1 grade of the Russian deposit was determined. The study shows that the main element in graphite is a mixture of carbon and other elements. The analysis of energy dispersions showed the content of other elements in graphite. The content of Zn in the penografite obtained by elemental analysis was determined. In addition, the physicochemical properties of heat-treated graphite were investigated. Using IR spectroscopy, it was found that there are different groups on the surface of the penografite. Analysis of the CS-spectra of penografite allowed us to determine the structure of graphite and penografite. The conducted studies have shown that penografite differs depending on the forms of the spectrum, a set of spectral characteristics that allow us to quantify the degree of maturity of the crystal lattice and identify various defects. Raman spectroscopy for a full understanding of the results of the analysis, studies were carried out scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on a layered structure of penografia. The result of microanalysis and heat treatment shows that natural graphite has changed its composition and structure. It is established that the high-temperature thermal effect significantly changes the quantitative composition of the mixture and the content of various elements depends on the temperature of the thermal cover. The EDAX spectra of heat-treated graphite are shown.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77855148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.26
E. A. Soboleva, Ya. A. Visurkhanova, N. Ivanova, М.Е. Beisenbekova, S. Kenzhetaeva
Ultrafine copper and nickel powders are synthesized by a chemical reduction of the metal cations from their salts in an aqueous ethanol solution without and with the addition of a polymer stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol). The structure and morphological features of the prepared metal powders were investigated by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of the Cu and Ni powders have been studied in the electrohydrogenation of acetophenone, nitrobenzene, p-nitroaniline, and cyclohexanone. A higher electrocatalytic activity of Cu powders, as well as skeletal copper, was established in the electrohydrogenation of the first three of the listed compounds in comparison with nickel powders, which is explained by the ability of copper cations to be reduced from its oxides in the electrochemical system under investigation. It is shown that the use of polymer stabilizers in the synthesis of Cu and Ni powders contributes to reducing metal particle sizes, but does not increase the electrocatalytic activity of the corresponding metal powders.
{"title":"ULTRAFINECOPPER AND NICKEL POWDERS INTHE ELECTRO-CATALYTICHYDROGENATIONOF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS","authors":"E. A. Soboleva, Ya. A. Visurkhanova, N. Ivanova, М.Е. Beisenbekova, S. Kenzhetaeva","doi":"10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.26","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrafine copper and nickel powders are synthesized by a chemical reduction of the metal cations from their salts in an aqueous ethanol solution without and with the addition of a polymer stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol). The structure and morphological features of the prepared metal powders were investigated by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of the Cu and Ni powders have been studied in the electrohydrogenation of acetophenone, nitrobenzene, p-nitroaniline, and cyclohexanone. A higher electrocatalytic activity of Cu powders, as well as skeletal copper, was established in the electrohydrogenation of the first three of the listed compounds in comparison with nickel powders, which is explained by the ability of copper cations to be reduced from its oxides in the electrochemical system under investigation. It is shown that the use of polymer stabilizers in the synthesis of Cu and Ni powders contributes to reducing metal particle sizes, but does not increase the electrocatalytic activity of the corresponding metal powders.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82411691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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