We successfully synthesized a series of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3−xZrxO2 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) cathode materials by the solid-state reaction method. Energy dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed the successful incorporation of Zr elements into the lattice to substitute Mn. Due to the introduction of Zr4+, the crystal structure modulation of O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 has been realized. By increasing the Zr4+ content, the width of the sodium diffusion layer expands, thereby facilitating the diffusion of sodium ions. Consequently, the material exhibits a remarkable enhancement in high-rate capability. At the same time, increasing the Zr4+ content results in a notable decrease in both the average bond length of TM−O and the thickness of the TMO6 octahedron in the transition metal layer, resulting in a significant improvement in the cycling performance and structural stability of the cathode material. Additionally, the in-situ XRD results demonstrate that the optimized cathode composition of O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3–0.02Zr0.02O2 (NFMZ2) undergoes a reversible phase transition of O3 → O3 + P3 → P3 → O3 + P3 → O3 during the charge–discharge process.
{"title":"Toward high stability of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material with zirconium substitution for advanced sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Chunyu Jiang, Yingshuai Wang, Yuhang Xin, Xiangyu Ding, Shengkai Liu, Yanfei Pang, Baorui Chen, Yusong Wang, Lei Liu, Feng Wu, Hongcai Gao","doi":"10.1002/cnl2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We successfully synthesized a series of O3-type NaNi<sub>1/3</sub>Fe<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3−<i>x</i></sub>Zr<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>2</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) cathode materials by the solid-state reaction method. Energy dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed the successful incorporation of Zr elements into the lattice to substitute Mn. Due to the introduction of Zr<sup>4+</sup>, the crystal structure modulation of O3-NaNi<sub>1/3</sub>Fe<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has been realized. By increasing the Zr<sup>4+</sup> content, the width of the sodium diffusion layer expands, thereby facilitating the diffusion of sodium ions. Consequently, the material exhibits a remarkable enhancement in high-rate capability. At the same time, increasing the Zr<sup>4+</sup> content results in a notable decrease in both the average bond length of TM−O and the thickness of the TMO<sub>6</sub> octahedron in the transition metal layer, resulting in a significant improvement in the cycling performance and structural stability of the cathode material. Additionally, the in-situ XRD results demonstrate that the optimized cathode composition of O3-NaNi<sub>1/3</sub>Fe<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3–0.02</sub>Zr<sub>0.02</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NFMZ2) undergoes a reversible phase transition of O3 → O3 + P3 → P3 → O3 + P3 → O3 during the charge–discharge process.</p>","PeriodicalId":100214,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutralization","volume":"3 2","pages":"233-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnl2.115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inside front cover image: Efficient solar energy utilization technologies are expected to promote the development of a carbon-neutral and renewable energy society. In this regards, newly developed photoelectrochemical energy storage devices (PESs) are proposed to convert solar energy into electrochemical energy, directly. In article number cln2.100, Zhao, Zhu and Chen introduce the recent advances in PESs and their corresponding relative merits. The PESs utilizing dual-functional PAMs, including design principles, classifications, and reaction mechanisms, are specifically discussed, and their applications in photo/photoassisted rechargeable devices with gas, liquid, and solid cathodes are summarized. Finally, some perspectives are provided for further developing excellent performances of PESs.