Economía Informa最新文献

The study of the impact of technical change on economic growth, was formally incorporated into a model by Solow (1957). However, is not until 15 years ago, that the adoption of ict has been reflected in a significant increase in the number of studies that try to understand, analyze and explain their impact on economic growth. Most of them find a direct link between the use of ict and productivity.

This paper present a critical review of the way in which, the economy has analyzed that relationship, and proposes the need to demystify some of the mechanisms of a forced causal relationship between ict and economic growth. Also analyze whether the neoclassical model is useful to understand the impact of ict on productivity growth, or, on the contrary, is necessary to rethink some approaches on that direction.

The low interest rates are a global anomaly that was patented after the outbreak of the so-called “Great Recession”. However, a little more than eight years away from the epiphenomenon of the low cost of capital, this trend does not appear to have changed significantly (despite recent attempts by the United States to reverse this cycle), which means working under new conditions of operation and design of economic policies for the future. The present paper seeks to develop the different explanatory hypotheses that infer the low interest rates both in current dates and in the years to come. Within the main ideas is given particular importance to the hypothesis of secular stagnation, understood as a permanent gap between the neutral interest rate of the economy with the interest rate used by central banks. In the conclusions, some possible lines of research are cited, same that are derived from explaining the low interest rates from the perspective of secular stagnation.

On February 5, 1917, the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States was promulgated, which would begin on May 1 of that year. In it, besides its multiplied social and central part, was contained a liberal part, direct inheritance of its predecessor of the nineteenth century. The postrevolutionary tax system and the amparo judgment in tax matters represent the most liberal part of the Mexican constitution. Various articles of the Constitution established the general principles that were to be followed by fiscal policy and, in the amparo trial, these principles found their practical application. In this way, various social sectors found in the amparo a form of institutionalized fiscal resistance, going to the federal courts in search of protection and protection of the justice of the Union to avoid paying the contributions they considered disproportionate and inequitable, or Either to combat the procedures to carry out their recovery.

In this paper we analyze from the microeconomics perspective, the maize flour market and its price formation in Mexico.

This product is basic in the diet of Mexicans, and its market is characterized by being dominated by a duopoly: Gruma and Minsa. This characteristic requires that its analysis transcend the traditional theoretical framework of perfect microeconomics and must be studied from the theory of oligopoly, highlighting: its power to fix prices, relationships of interdependence and non-price competition.

This market is dominated by Gruma, which is a multinational Mexican corporation that operates as a leader, while Minsa acts as a follower. One of the strategies of barriers to entry is installed capacity, which surpasses the national demand. This implies that companies work with excess capacity.

These characteristics: pricing power, excess installed capacity and demand fluctuations are attempted to be systematized as a microeconomic system, explains the fluctuations of effective demand against a rigid potential supply in the short term, and its effects on employment and occupation of productive resources around the manufacture of corn flour.

In the present paper an exercise of estimation of the stock of public capital in Mexico was conducted. For this purpose, the OECD-recommended perpetual inventories model was used, adding the adjustment factor of Almon (1999), also described in Shiau et al. (2002) and Loría and de Jesús (2007). Public investment data at the state level for the period 1990 to 2015 by the Federative Entity (32) were used and a depreciation rate of 9.07%.

The result is a series of data consistent with economic fluctuations, as the trend of real investment follows. It also solves the estimation problem inherent in the perpetual inventory method.

The present international context - including the resurgence of isolationist and protectionist governments - binds us to reflect about the different forms of interrelationship, and its corresponding implications, between the various national economies: More or less openness? What kind of openness? Which economic sectors? What role does the State play for a nation's economic growth? The present text makes a historical review of the import substitution model that prevailed in Latin America for much of the 20th century, highlighting its successes and its deficiencies. The article reviews its precedent model, the primary export model that characterized much of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries while also addressing its necessary modification after the external shocks of the Great Depression and the outbreak of World War II. The theoretical contributions of Raúl Prebisch and other ECLAC thinkers are reviewed to address the rationale and characteristics of the import substitution model. The paper concludes with a reflection on the feasibility of rethinking this model in a context of slow economic growth of more than 30 years, highlighting the factors of today's world together with the return of ideologies of less openness to international trade.