Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial activity of Vaccinium griffithianum leaves of ethanol extract","authors":"Freddy Teilang Nongkhlaw ,&nbsp;David Lalremruata ,&nbsp;Lamkupar L. Nongbri ,&nbsp;Toli Dirchi ,&nbsp;Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study evaluated the phytochemical properties, active polyphenols, the antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capacity of <em>Vaccinium griffithianum</em> leaves of ethanol extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of important secondary metabolites. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 13 bioactive compounds of which Ethyl α-<span>D</span>-glucopyranoside, dulcitol and 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexa-O-trimethelsilyl-myo-inositol were the prominent compounds present. The phenolic content was found to be 143.35 ± 0.34 mg of GAE/g. and total flavonoid was found to be 143.35 ± 0.34 mg of GAE/g respectively. The extracts demonstrated high antioxidant activity in, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and H₂O₂ assays which were comparable with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and the scavenging activity was increasing when the concentrations were increased in the extract. The anti-inflammatory potential was established by egg albumin and bovine serum albumin denaturation, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial by inhibitory assay. The results of this study demonstrated that <em>V. griffithianum</em> can be explored as a natural source of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical profiling and In Vitro and In Silico evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Papaver rhoeas L. seed extracts obtained by microwave-assisted extraction and maceration","authors":"Anouar Hmamou ,&nbsp;Abdelouahid Laftouhi ,&nbsp;Hamza Bouakline ,&nbsp;Oussama Khibech ,&nbsp;Mostafa El Khomsi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Bendaoud ,&nbsp;Nabil El Brahmi ,&nbsp;Amal Lahkimi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of <em>Papaver rhoeas</em> L. (<em>P. rhoeas</em>) are well known for their medicinal properties, yet the seeds remain largely underexplored. This study provides the first detailed evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of seed extracts obtained by microwave-assisted extraction (SEMi) and maceration (SEMa). Total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and total flavonoid content (TFC) by the aluminum chloride assay. HPLC-DAD analysis identified the main phenolic compounds in each extract. Antioxidant activity was assessed via total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and DPPH scavenging assays, while antimicrobial efficacy was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus by agar diffusion and broth microdilution. Molecular docking supported these biological activities <em>in silico</em>. SEMi extraction was more efficient (7.08 %) than SEMa (3.95 %). Both extracts had similar TPC, but SEMi showed slightly higher TFC. TAC values were comparable, yet SEMi displayed superior DPPH scavenging. SEMi exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity, reflected by larger inhibition zones and lower MIC values. HPLC-DAD revealed SEMi contained a wider range of phenolics, including gallic acid, epicatechin, and p-coumaric acid, absent in SEMa, which was richer in quercetin and (+)-catechin. Docking analysis showed quercetin and (+)-catechin had the strongest affinities, particularly for Keap1 (–9.6 and –9.5 kcal/mol) and DNA-gyrase B (–8.7 and –8.4 kcal/mol), highlighting their pivotal contributions to antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In conclusion, microwave-assisted extraction enhances both the chemical diversity and bioactivity of <em>P. rhoeas</em> seed extracts, emphasizing their promise for pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and antioxidant natural products from the ethyl acetate-fraction of cold methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Centaurea perrottetii L.","authors":"Jonathan Ilemona Achika ,&nbsp;Joy Cecilia Atawodi ,&nbsp;Sunday Ene-Ojo Atawodi ,&nbsp;Rachael Gbekele-Oluwa Ayo","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this work was to identify and characterize phytochemicals with antibacterial and antioxidant properties found in the ethyl acetate extract of <em>Centaurea perrottetii</em>'s aerial parts. Cold methanolic extract of the pulverized plant material was dissolved in water to yield the water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions that were successively and exhaustively partitioned using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The ethyl acetate fraction was further purified by column chromatography, yielding fraction \"F4\", which was analyzed by Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant potential of F4 was evaluated using a battery of assays, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging capacity, while the antimicrobial activity was assessed against common pathogens using standard microbiological methods. FTIR analysis of fraction F4 indicated the presence of key functional groups, including hydroxyl (–OH) at 3649 cm⁻¹ , carbonyl (C<img>O) at 1729 cm⁻¹ , and C–H stretching vibrations at 2922 cm⁻¹ . The UV spectrum showed an absorption maximum at 341 nm, while the GCMS analysis revealed a diverse phytochemical profile, including cetene, which could contribute significantly to its moderate antioxidant effect and antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria and fungal pathogens, making it a promising candidate for the development of antimicrobial agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of coenzyme Q10 on sexual behavior and hormonal profiles in male rats treated with trihexyphenidyl","authors":"Lateef Olabisi Okeleji ,&nbsp;Ayoola Isaac Jegede ,&nbsp;Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the impact of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on sexual behavior and reproductive hormone profiles in Trihexyphenidyl (THP)-treated male Wistar rats. The male pre-copulatory and copulatory behaviors were recorded and analyzed following the administration of CoQ10 (10 mg/kg b.w. p.o.), THP (1.5 mg/kg b.w. p.o.), and their combination [CoQ10 (10 mg/kg) + THP (1.5 mg/kg)]. Hormonal profiles, including serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, estrogen, and prolactin, were also evaluated. Trihexyphenidyl treatment significantly increased mount latency (ML: 69.5 ± 6.36 s) and intromission latency (IL: 295 ± 14.8 s), while reducing ejaculation latency (EL: 167.3 ± 7.64 s), compared to the CoQ10 group (ML: 39.5 ± 2.12 s, p = 0.0033; IL: 157.7 ± 4.16 s, p &lt; 0.0001; EL: 241.3 ± 9.45 s, p = 0.0008). CoQ10 administration to THP-treated rats significantly reduced ML (47.33 ± 4.04 s) and IL (195 ± 6 s), while increasing EL (305.3 ± 19.5 s), compared to THP alone (ML: 69.5 ± 6.36 s; IL: 295 ± 14.8 s; EL: 167.3 ± 7.64 s). In terms of frequency, THP significantly reduced mount frequency (MF: 3.67 ± 0.58) compared to the CoQ10 group (MF: 6.67 ± 0.58, p = 0.001) and the combination treatment of CoQ10 and THP (MF: 6.33 ± 0.58, p = 0.0021). However, no significant differences were observed in intromission and ejaculation frequencies across groups. The libido index was markedly reduced in THP-treated rats (60 %) but improved to 100 % with the addition of CoQ10. Similarly, the percentage of intromissions was higher in the THP + CoQ10 group (60 %) compared to THP alone (40 %). CoQ10 significantly increased copulatory efficiency (CE: 78 ± 3 %, p = 0.0006) and inter-copulatory efficiency (ICE: 12.84 ± 0.3) compared to THP-treated rats (CE: 38.1 ± 6.7 %; ICE: 11.08 ± 0.17). Hormonal analysis revealed that THP significantly decreased serum levels of LH (1.04 ± 0.7 mIU/mL, p = 0.0042), FSH (0.5 ± 0.05 mIU/mL, p &lt; 0.0001), and testosterone (4.92 ± 0.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0001), while significantly increasing serum prolactin levels (3.6 ± 0.35 ng/dl, p &lt; 0.0001). CoQ10 and the combination treatment were associated with normalization of these parameters, increasing LH, FSH, and testosterone levels while reducing prolactin in the THP + CoQ10 group. The findings suggest that CoQ10 enhances sexual behavior, particularly sexual drive and motivation, and is associated with improved reproductive hormonal profiles in male rats, potentially counteracting the inhibitory effects of THP. However, dose optimization studies are needed to establish optimal therapeutic regimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic elucidation of phloretin in the management of cataract based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in-vivo experimental studies","authors":"Anshul Ram ,&nbsp;Umashankar Nirmalkar ,&nbsp;Jaya Shree ,&nbsp;Swarnali Das Paul ,&nbsp;Shekhar Verma ,&nbsp;Rajesh Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Backgrounds</h3><div>Cataract is the leading cause of ocular blindness, which is mainly associated with oxidative stress. The study evaluated and elucidated the molecular mechanism of phloretin, a potent antioxidant flavonoid, against cataract using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experimental studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Molecular mechanism of phloretin against cataract was elucidated using computational tools and a database. Further, therapeutic and pathophysiological insights of phloretin were evaluated against the naphthalene-induced cataract model in Sprague Dawley albino rats (either sex, 12–15 weeks, 150–180 g). The anticataract activity of Phloretin at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o., was assessed against the naphthalene (1 g/kg/day, p.o., for four weeks) induced model. The progression of lens opacity was assessed weekly, and pathophysiological markers were assessed after completion of experiments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In-silico</em> studies revealed that NFKB1 is the most favorable key target for phloretin to manage cataract by modulating PI3K-Akt, MAPK, Ras, and cellular senescence signaling pathways. The <em>in-vivo</em> study showed that phloretin treatments at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg considerably retained the lens transparency and mitigated the progression of cataract formation. Phloretin treatments significantly (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) restored the worsened pathophysiological markers indicated by increasing antioxidants (CAT, SOD, and GSH), protein contents, and Ca^2 +ATPase activity and decreasing lipid peroxidant (MDA), nitrite contents, and Ca²⁺ ion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>On the basis of the findings, phloretin shows potential beneficial effects in the management of cataract. These effects might be associated with the mitigation of oxidative stress and modulation of NFKB1 and PTPN11 action, which needs to be validated in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of anthocyanin consumption on functional connectivity in dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Aynur Muduroglu Kirmizibekmez ,&nbsp;Alparslan Onder ,&nbsp;Mustafa Yasir Ozdemir ,&nbsp;Onder Yuksel Eryigit ,&nbsp;İhsan Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of 12 weeks of anthocyanin consumption on brain function in individuals with Dementia with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Dementia alone. Two groups of individuals: 12 participants with T2DM comorbid with dementia and 31 participants with dementia alone. EEG recordings were collected at baseline, before the start of the study, and after 12 weeks of anthocyanin consumption. During the study period, participants consumed 300 mg of anthocyanins daily. EEG recordings were conducted using a 21-channel gel EEG cap following the 10–20 system at a sampling rate of 500 Hz. EEG signals were divided into seven frequency bands, and the Imaginary Part of Coherence (iCOH) metric, which reduces volume conduction effects, was used to evaluate functional connectivity. Within-group analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and between-group comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test, both implemented in Python. This study demonstrates that 12 weeks of anthocyanin supplementation positively impacts neural network efficiency and functional connectivity in both the Cognitive Impairment (CI) group and the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cognitive Impairments (T2DMwCI) group. Significant improvements were observed in iCOH, GE, and LE metrics across delta, theta, beta, and gamma frequency bands, indicating enhanced information processing and potential compensatory mechanisms. These findings highlight the neuroprotective properties of anthocyanins, suggesting their potential to mitigate cognitive decline associated with T2DM and dementia. As a result, it supports the idea that anthocyanins are a potential dietary intervention for mitigating cognitive decline, though further research is needed to validate and expand these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the potential of phytoconstituents from Plumeria alba leaves as SGLT-2 receptor antagonists: A computational approach","authors":"Abin V. Geevarghese ,&nbsp;Hariprasad Ranganathan ,&nbsp;S.E. Maida Engels ,&nbsp;A. Ragul","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmaceutical scientists increasingly recognize herbal remedies as rich reservoirs of bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. Through GC–MS analysis, this study identifies the phytochemical constituents of <em>Plumeria alba</em> leaves and examines their prospective antidiabetic effects on the SGLT-2 receptor. Screening of the ethanolic leaf extract indicated that it contains terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, steroids, and flavonoids. GC–MS analysis resulted in the identification of 42 distinct phytoconstituents.The identified compounds included 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1-benzene methanol, 1-octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, 24-pyropylidene-1, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, cholest-5-en-3-ol, and stigmast-5-en-3-ol. Results from the docking analysis revealed that several phytochemicals achieved favorable G-scores, suggesting strong potential interactions with the SGLT-2 receptor. 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1-benzene methanol, 1-octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, 24-pyropylidene-1, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, cholest-5-en-3-ol, and stigmast-5-en-3-ol—exhibited higher G-scores when docked with the SGLT-2 receptor (PDB ID: 7VSI). The 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester showed the most favorable docking performance with G-score of −7.848 kcal/mol, obtained using Schrödinger Maestro Suite (version 4.2).Molecular dynamics results reveled that 2,3dihydroxypropylester was identified as the best compound which will be created as a new moiety for targeting SGLT-2 receptors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive compounds from Vernonia ambigua exhibit promising antimicrobial activity: A in vitro and in silico study","authors":"Amina Jega Yusuf ,&nbsp;Zhong-Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Jamila Aminu ,&nbsp;Fatima A. Galadanchi ,&nbsp;Sonia Kamran ,&nbsp;Hadiza Muhammad Danjumma ,&nbsp;Abubakar S. Barau ,&nbsp;Naushad Hussain ,&nbsp;Mustapha Salihu","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has intensified the search for new, effective therapeutic agents from natural sources. <em>Vernonia ambigua</em>, traditionally used in the management of various infections, was investigated for its antimicrobial potential using a combined <em>in vitro</em>, <em>in silico</em>, and pharmacokinetic-toxicity prediction approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Powdered leaves (362 g) of <em>V. ambigua</em> were sequentially extracted using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The extracts were screened against bacterial and fungal pathogens using agar well diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The ethyl acetate extract (EEVa), which showed the most potent activity, was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify its phytochemical constituents. Identified compounds were evaluated via molecular docking against two key microbial targets – <span>D</span>-alanyl-<span>D</span>-lactate ligase and sterol 14-alpha demethylase. The top five docked compounds were further analyzed for ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) and toxicity profiles using SwissADME and Protox 3.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EEVa demonstrated the broadest and strongest antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones of 22–25 mm, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg/ml, and MBC/MFC values ranging from 5 to 10 mg/ml. GC-MS identified 23 phytoconstituents, including phenolic and aromatic compounds such as carvacrol, 4-tert-butylphenol, and fluorene derivatives. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities ranging from –4.9 to –8.9 kcal/mol and –5.2 to –9.6 kcal/mol against <span>D</span>-alanyl-<span>D</span>-lactate ligase and sterol 14-alpha demethylase, respectively. ADMET analysis of the top five docked compounds exhibited good gastrointestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier permeability, with acceptable synthetic accessibility and no major violations of drug-likeness rules, with 4-Phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline (M3) exhibiting the most favorable profile.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the antimicrobial potential of <em>V. ambigua</em>, identifying bioactive compounds with promising activity, target specificity, and drug-likeness for antimicrobial drug discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroprotection and gastric healing activity potential of a fixed oil extract from Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc almonds","authors":"Kátia Alves Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Ângela Magalhães Vieira ,&nbsp;Iverson Conrado Bezerra ,&nbsp;Artur José da Silva ,&nbsp;Jucielma Silva de Lima ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Eloi Fernandes ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Wellen do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Priscila Gubert ,&nbsp;Paulo Antônio Galindo Soares ,&nbsp;Márcia Vanusa da Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Brazilian Caatinga region, characterized by its unique semiarid climate, is home to a rich diversity of plant species with therapeutic potential. Among these, <em>Syagrus coronata</em> (Mart.) Becc stands out, traditionally used by the local population for its anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and antimicrobial properties. Despite its popular use, no studies have yet investigated the pharmacological effects of the <em>Syagrus coronata</em> fixed oil (SCFO) on gastric health. This study investigated the antiulcerogenic activity of SCFO in experimental models of acute gastric ulcer in mice induced by absolute ethanol, acidified ethanol (60 % ethanol/0.3 M HCl), and indomethacin (30 mg/kg, s.c.) and in a chronic ulcer model induced by acetic acid. Furthermore, gastric volume, acidity, and mucus content were analyzed using a pyloric ligation model in rats. To investigate the mechanisms involved in gastroprotection, the participation of sulfhydryl compounds and nitric oxide (NO) was evaluated using the ethanol-induced ulcer model. Additionally, <em>in silico</em> pharmacokinetics, mucosal absorption, and molecular docking of SCFO components were analyzed to understand their interactions and efficacy. The results demonstrated that all tested doses of SCFO (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg) significantly reduced gastric lesions in a dose-dependent manner, with inhibition rates of 18.64 %, 28.88 %, and 33.86 %, respectively. Ranitidine (80 mg/kg), used as a positive control, promoted an inhibition of 5.22 %, a value comparable to that observed with the highest dose of SCFO. In the ulcer model induced by acidified ethanol, SCFO provided significant protection, with a reduction in lesions by 88.79 %, 95.55 % and 98.01 %, respectively, for increasing doses. Regarding the involvement of sulfhydryl compounds, there was no change in the cytoprotection generated by SCFO. However, the antiulcerogenic activity of SCFO appears to involve nitric oxide (NO) production, as its action was inhibited in animals receiving the NO blocker <span>L</span>-NAME (10 mg/kg). SCFO demonstrated notable healing effects on chronic gastritis and exhibited high gastrointestinal absorption (93 %-94 %) with no toxic interactions. Molecular docking revealed that SCFO’s compounds have significant affinity for proteins involved in inflammation, particularly inhibiting myeloperoxidase activity. Overall, SCFO proves to be an effective gastroprotective agent, supporting its traditional use and potential for promoting gastrointestinal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Flemingia: A comprehensive review of botanical, phytochemical, and therapeutic insights","authors":"N.M. Sindhikar ,&nbsp;S.K. Gavade ,&nbsp;M.M. Lekhak ,&nbsp;U.B. Jagtap ,&nbsp;V.A. Bapat","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Flemingia</em> Roxb. ex W.T. Aiton (Leguminosae) comprises approximately 48 species and two varieties, widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. Various <em>Flemingia</em> species hold significant ethnopharmacological relevance, particularly in Asia and Africa, where different plant parts are traditionally used to treat inflammatory disorders, rheumatism, gastrointestinal ailments, reproductive health issues, and infectious diseases. Beyond medicinal applications, <em>Flemingia</em> species contribute to agroforestry and natural dye production, with compounds like flemingin used in silk dyeing. Phytochemical investigations reveal a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids such as genistein and auriculasin, chalcones, terpenoids, and anthraquinones, which contribute to their pharmacological activities. Scientific studies have demonstrated their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. Certain species, such as <em>F. vestita</em>, <em>F. macrophylla</em>, and <em>F. philippinensis</em> exhibit potent anthelmintic, estrogenic, and anti-photoaging effects, while inhibitory activities against key enzymes like tyrosinase, neuraminidase, and xanthine oxidase suggest potential applications in metabolic disorders, dermatology, and infectious diseases. Despite the promising pharmacological potential, the toxicological profile of most <em>Flemingia</em> species remains largely unexplored, and clinical validation is limited. Further studies focusing on bioassay-guided isolation, mechanistic pathways, pharmacokinetics, and comprehensive safety evaluations are essential to advance their therapeutic applications and ensure their sustainable utilization. This review consolidates existing knowledge on the botanical, ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects of <em>Flemingia</em> species, highlighting research gaps and future directions in drug discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}