Cold Regions Science and Technology最新文献_第9页

Considerable potential for artificial ice reservoirs in the Mongolian Altai mountains to mitigate the impact of climate change on water security in arid western Mongolia 蒙古阿尔泰山人工冰库在缓解气候变化对蒙古西部干旱地区水安全影响方面具有巨大潜力

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104748

Zolbayar Jargalsaikhan , Batsuren Dorjsuren , Otgonbayar Demberel , Altanbold Enkhbold , Dashlkham Batmunkh , Muhammad Adnan , Hongkai Gao

The high mountainous regions of western Mongolia serve as vital “water towers” for Indigenous herders and fragile ecosystems. However, climate change presents serious threats to the high-altitude cryosphere—glaciers and permafrost—jeopardizing water security. Artificial ice reservoir technologies have emerged as adaptive solutions to address seasonal water shortages, especially in the spring. These systems involve freezing diverted melt water during winter and gradually releasing it as it melts in warmer months for drinking, irrigation, and livestock watering.

This review systematically evaluates four major approaches—traditional ice harvesting, diversion-based artificial glaciers, in-stream glacier enhancement, and recent innovations such as Ice Walls and Ice Stupas. Beyond describing techniques, we critically analyze their efficiency, scalability, and applicability under different climatic and socio-economic conditions. The Ice Stupa, initially developed in Ladakh, shows promising potential for adaptation in the Mongolian Altai due to its low-cost construction, flexibility, and controlled seasonal release. However, its success still depends heavily on local hydrological conditions, community participation, and ongoing maintenance.

To our knowledge, this is the first review to contextualize artificial ice reservoir technologies for Mongolia. By synthesizing global experiences with local environmental challenges, we highlight lessons learned, outline key design and implementation criteria, and suggest directions for future field testing. As climate pressures grow, these nature-based solutions could help enhance long-term water resilience strategies in high-altitude, arid regions.

蒙古西部的高山地区是当地牧民和脆弱生态系统的重要“水塔”。然而，气候变化对高海拔冰冻圈-冰川和永久冻土构成严重威胁，危及水安全。人工冰库技术已经成为解决季节性水资源短缺的适应性解决方案，特别是在春季。这些系统包括在冬季将转移的融水冷冻起来，并在温暖的月份融水时逐渐释放出来，用于饮用、灌溉和牲畜灌溉。本文系统地评价了四种主要的方法：传统的冰收集、基于导流的人工冰川、河流内冰川增强以及最近的创新，如冰墙和冰塔。除了描述技术之外，我们还批判性地分析了它们在不同气候和社会经济条件下的效率、可扩展性和适用性。然而，它的成功仍然在很大程度上取决于当地的水文条件、社区参与和持续的维护。据我们所知，这是第一次对蒙古人工冰库技术进行综述。通过综合全球经验和当地环境挑战，我们强调了经验教训，概述了关键的设计和实施标准，并为未来的现场测试提出了方向。随着气候压力的增加，这些基于自然的解决方案可以帮助加强高海拔干旱地区的长期水恢复战略。

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引用次数: 0

The freeze-thaw model of cementitious materials partially saturated with dissolved salts: From elastic deformation to non-uniform plastic deformation 溶盐部分饱和胶凝材料冻融模型：从弹性变形到非均匀塑性变形

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104754

Heqing Gou , Xinchun Guan

This study establishes a fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model to describe the damage evolution of cementitious materials with dissolved salts under freeze-thaw conditions, from unsaturated to saturated states of water. A pore pressure calculation equation, accounting for air, is proposed based on the thermodynamic equilibrium of substances in the pores and the initial material state, and integrated into the pore elastoplastic model.The model also considers the convective diffusion of the gas phase and the permeation adsorption process of dissolved salts. The freeze-thaw process is simulated using the equilibrium method, incorporating hysteresis effects, and combined with the saturation function to quantify the uneven ice distribution due to the saturation gradient from external moisture absorption.The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through comparisons with experimental data and the results of classical models from the literature. The discussion section demonstrates that the model effectively describes the process of moisture replacing air in pores during freeze-thaw cycles and incorporates this into the subsequent cycle. It also shows that the surface moisture saturation is significantly higher than that of the interior, which is a key factor contributing to surface frost damage in the material.

本研究建立了一个完全耦合的热-水-力学模型来描述冻融条件下含溶盐胶凝材料从非饱和状态到水饱和状态的损伤演化过程。基于孔隙中物质的热力学平衡和材料的初始状态，提出了考虑空气的孔隙压力计算方程，并将其整合到孔隙弹塑性模型中。该模型还考虑了气相的对流扩散和溶解盐的渗透吸附过程。采用平衡法模拟冻融过程，考虑了滞后效应，并结合饱和函数量化了外部吸湿饱和梯度引起的冰分布不均匀。通过与实验数据和文献中经典模型结果的比较，验证了该模型的有效性。讨论部分表明，该模型有效地描述了冻融循环期间孔隙中水分取代空气的过程，并将其纳入后续循环。表面含水率明显高于内部含水率，这是造成材料表面冻害的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Ground surface boundary condition methods for analysis of climate-driven permafrost thaw: A comparative study and long-term projections for Nunavik, Canada 分析气候驱动的永久冻土融化的地表边界条件方法：加拿大努那维克的比较研究和长期预测

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104735

Ali Fatolahzadeh Gheysari , Pooneh Maghoul

Infrastructure in northern regions is increasingly threatened by climate change, mainly due to permafrost thaw. Prediction of permafrost stability is essential for assessing the long-term stability of such infrastructure. A key aspect of geotechnical problems subject to climate change is addressing the surface energy balance (SEB). In this study, we evaluated three methodologies for applying surface boundary conditions in long-term thermal geotechnical analyses, including SEB heat flux, n-factors, and machine learning (ML) models by using ERA5-Land climate reanalysis data until 2100. We aimed to determine the most effective approach for accurately predicting ground surface temperatures for climate-resilient design of northern infrastructure. The evaluation results indicated that the ML-based approach outperformed both the SEB heat flux and n-factors methods, demonstrating significantly lower prediction errors. The feasibility of long-term thermal analysis of geotechnical problems using ML-predicted ground surface temperatures was then demonstrated through a permafrost case study in the community of Salluit in northern Canada, for which the thickness of the active layer and talik were calculated under moderate and extreme climate scenarios by the end of the 21st century. Finally, we discussed the application and limitations of surface boundary condition methodologies, such as the limited applicability of the n-factors in long-term analysis and the sensitivity of the SEB heat flux to inputs and thermal imbalance. The findings highlight the importance of selecting suitable boundary condition methodologies in enhancing the reliability of thermal geotechnical analyses in cold regions.

北方地区的基础设施日益受到气候变化的威胁，主要是由于永久冻土融化。永冻层稳定性的预测对于评估此类基础设施的长期稳定性至关重要。受气候变化影响的岩土工程问题的一个关键方面是解决地表能量平衡（SEB）。在这项研究中，我们利用era5 -陆地气候再分析数据，评估了三种将地表边界条件应用于长期热岩土分析的方法，包括SEB热通量、n因子和机器学习（ML）模型。我们的目标是确定最有效的方法来准确预测北部基础设施的气候适应性设计的地表温度。评价结果表明，基于ml的方法预测误差明显低于SEB热通量法和n因子法。利用ml预测的地表温度对岩土工程问题进行长期热分析的可行性，然后通过加拿大北部萨鲁特社区的永久冻土案例研究进行了验证，该案例计算了到21世纪末在中度和极端气候情景下活动层和对话层的厚度。最后，我们讨论了表面边界条件方法的应用和局限性，如n因子在长期分析中的有限适用性以及SEB热通量对输入和热不平衡的敏感性。研究结果强调了选择合适的边界条件方法对于提高寒冷地区热岩土分析的可靠性的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the variation of pore pressure and the frost heave characteristics of unsaturated frozen Pisha sandstone 非饱和冻沙砂岩孔隙压力变化及冻胀特性试验研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104752

Wei Liu , Xiangtian Xu , Xinran Sun , Wenli Zhao

Pisha sandstone, as the main geotechnical composition in the Ordos region, directly affects the safety and stability of transportation infrastructure due to its pore pressures. This study investigates the pore pressure variation in unsaturated frozen Pisha sandstone and develops a novel testing system capable of simultaneously measuring pore water pressure and pore air pressure, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-phase testing devices. The main advantage of this system is that it separates pore water pressure testing from pore air pressure testing, overcoming the limitation of traditional methods that cannot distinguish between the two, allowing for a clearer understanding of how moisture migration affects frost heaving. Using this system, freezing experiments were carried out on unsaturated frozen Pisha sandstone samples with varying initial saturations under a − 15 °C cold bath condition. Data on the changes in pore pressure and frost heave deformation during the freezing process were collected. The results indicate that pore water pressure decays exponentially during freezing, and its variation is closely linked to the unfrozen water content. In the early stage of freezing, the pore water pressure decreases sharply and then stabilizes in the steady state. At higher saturation levels, the rate of decrease in pore water pressure slows down significantly. Specifically, when the initial saturation is 37.19 % and 74.38 %, the peak pore water pressure values are −52.6 kPa and − 61.5 kPa, respectively. In samples with higher saturation, the pore water pressure approaches −74.1 kPa and − 74.8 kPa, indicating a clear enhancement of pore water pressure due to higher saturation. The pore air pressure decreases sharply in the early stages of freezing, particularly in high-saturation samples, where a pronounced nonlinear variation in pore air pressure is observed, and shallow air pressure is significantly higher than deep air pressure. The coordinated evolution of pore air and pore water pressures during freezing reflects the interactions among the ice-water-air three-phase medium, particularly during ice crystal expansion and water-ice phase transition. The findings provide support for the study of pore pressure in unsaturated frozen soil and offer technical support for the stability assessment of engineering in frozen soil areas.

皮沙砂岩作为鄂尔多斯地区的主要岩土成分，其孔隙压力直接影响到交通基础设施的安全稳定。本文研究了非饱和冻结皮沙砂岩孔隙压力的变化规律，克服了传统单相测试装置的局限性，开发了一种能够同时测量孔隙水压力和孔隙空气压力的新型测试系统。该系统的主要优点是将孔隙水压力测试与孔隙空气压力测试分离开来，克服了传统方法无法区分两者的局限性，可以更清楚地了解水分迁移如何影响霜胀。利用该系统，在- 15℃冷浴条件下，对不同初始饱和度的非饱和冻Pisha砂岩试样进行了冻结实验。收集了冻结过程中孔隙压力和冻胀变形的变化数据。结果表明，孔隙水压力在冻结过程中呈指数衰减，其变化与未冻水含量密切相关。在冻结初期，孔隙水压力急剧下降，随后趋于稳定。在较高的饱和水平下，孔隙水压力的下降速度明显减缓。其中，初始饱和度为37.19%和74.38%时，孔隙水压力峰值分别为- 52.6 kPa和- 61.5 kPa。在高饱和度的样品中，孔隙水压力分别接近- 74.1 kPa和- 74.8 kPa，表明高饱和度对孔隙水压力有明显的增强作用。孔隙空气压力在冻结初期急剧下降，特别是在高饱和度样品中，孔隙空气压力出现明显的非线性变化，并且浅层空气压力明显高于深层空气压力。冻结过程中孔隙空气和孔隙水压力的协调演化反映了冰-水-空气三相介质之间的相互作用，特别是在冰晶膨胀和水-冰相变过程中。研究结果为非饱和冻土孔隙压力的研究提供了支撑，并为冻土区工程稳定性评价提供了技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Automated machine learning and interpretability analysis for predicting frozen soil properties in p–y curve calibration 在p-y曲线校准中预测冻土特性的自动机器学习和可解释性分析

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104750

Guanya Lu , Zhengyu Li , Xiyin Zhang , Bingzhe Zhang

For bridge design and analysis in frozen-soil regions, the p-y curve is a widely used and effective method for simulating the mechanical behavior of pile-frozen soil interaction. Two key parameters that define this curve are the unconfined compressive strength (UCS, σ_m) and strain corresponding to 50 % ultimate strength (ε₅₀). However, rapidly and accurately predicting how critical factors such as temperature, strain rate, and dry density affect frozen soil behavior and the resulting p-y curve remains a persistent challenge. This study presents a comprehensive database of 761 experimental samples derived from established unconfined compression tests on frozen soils. Automated machine learning models were developed to predict σ_m and ε₅₀, and their applicability domains and prediction intervals were established. These models outperformed five traditional machine learning algorithms. Moreover, SHapley Additive exPlanations were used to interpret the contribution of temperature, strain rate, dry density, and soil type to model predictions, enhancing the understanding of their interactions. The results show that the proposed approach effectively captures the effects of key parameters across a broad range of conditions. Additionally, comparisons with classical empirical equations reveal that the AutoML models offer improved accuracy in predicting σ_m and ε₅₀. An engineering recommendation table was also constructed to enhance the models' practical applicability. The established AutoML model provides a solution for estimating the mechanical properties of frozen soils, particularly under unconfined or low-confinement scenarios.

在冻土区桥梁设计与分析中，p-y曲线是一种广泛使用且有效的模拟桩-冻土相互作用力学行为的方法。定义该曲线的两个关键参数是无侧限抗压强度（UCS, σm）和50%极限强度对应的应变（ε50）。然而，快速准确地预测温度、应变率和干密度等关键因素如何影响冻土行为和由此产生的p-y曲线仍然是一个持续的挑战。本研究提出了一个综合数据库的761个实验样本，来自已建立的冻土无侧限压缩试验。建立了预测σm和ε50的自动化机器学习模型，建立了模型的适用范围和预测区间。这些模型优于五种传统的机器学习算法。此外，采用SHapley加性解释解释了温度、应变率、干密度和土壤类型对模型预测的贡献，增强了对它们相互作用的理解。结果表明，所提出的方法有效地捕获了关键参数在广泛条件下的影响。此外，与经典经验方程的比较表明，AutoML模型对σm和ε50的预测精度有所提高。为了提高模型的实用性，还构建了工程推荐表。建立的AutoML模型为冻土力学特性的估计提供了一种解决方案，特别是在无约束或低约束情况下。

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引用次数: 0

Study of supercooling phenomena in soil-water systems based on nucleation theory: quantifying supercooling duration 基于成核理论的土壤-水系统过冷现象研究：过冷时间的量化

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104753

Kunyu Li , Chong Wang , Ying Lai , Jiaqi Tian , Fanshuo Meng , Junping Ren , Shuangyang Li

Controlling soil freezing in cold regions can mitigate engineering problems caused by freezing-thawing cycles. The challenge lies in predicting the duration of soil supercooling and determining its limiting temperature. Based on the thermodynamic and crystallization dynamics methods, we constructed a theoretical model to estimate the duration of soil supercooling by analyzing phase changes and energy evolution during the supercooling process. We also explored and designed a comprehensive scheme for controlling soil supercooling and freezing. The following conclusions were obtained: the validity of the proposed theoretical model (RMSE≈0.011 h, MAPE≈2.14 %, R² ≈ 0.98) was confirmed using the soil freezing observation test data carried out by several groups of scholars under different conditions. The supercooling process can be divided into two phases: “cooling” and “recovery”. Usually, the recovery phase is very short and can be neglected in saline and clay soils. Within the scope of common operating conditions, sensitivities to the supercooling duration, in descending order, are pore radius, salinity, pore ratio and pore saturation. Supercooling duration is inversely proportional to pore size and directly proportional to pore ratio and saturation. Increasing soil porosity and saturation while decreasing soil pore radius significantly enhances soil supercooling properties. However, to prevent frost heave, saturation should not exceed 0.9. In areas with high salinity or non-saline areas, maintaining consistent local salinity helps preserve soil supercooling properties. In salinized soils, replacing non-saline soils at appropriate project depths can optimize supercooling and reduce the risk of salt expansion related issues.

控制寒区土壤冻结可以缓解冻融循环带来的工程问题。挑战在于预测土壤过冷持续时间和确定其极限温度。基于热力学和结晶动力学方法，通过分析过冷过程中的相变和能量演化，建立了估算土壤过冷持续时间的理论模型。探讨并设计了土壤过冷冻结综合治理方案。得到以下结论：利用多组学者在不同条件下进行的土壤冻结观测试验数据，验证了理论模型的有效性（RMSE≈0.011 h, MAPE≈2.14%,R2≈0.98）。过冷过程可分为两个阶段：“冷却”和“恢复”。通常，在盐渍土和粘土中，恢复阶段很短，可以忽略不计。在常用工况范围内，对过冷时间的敏感性由高到低依次为孔隙半径、矿化度、孔隙比和孔隙饱和度。过冷时间与孔隙大小成反比，与孔隙比和饱和度成正比。增加土壤孔隙度和饱和度，减小孔隙半径，显著提高土壤过冷性。但是，为了防止冻胀，饱和度不应超过0.9。在含盐量高或不含盐的地区，保持恒定的局部盐度有助于保持土壤的过冷性。在盐碱化土壤中，在适当的工程深度替换非盐碱化土壤可以优化过冷，降低盐膨胀相关问题的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Distribution characteristics of secondary embankment diseases in permafrost regions of Qinghai Province and their relationship with local factors 青海省多年冻土区次生路堤病害分布特征及其与局地因子的关系

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104751

Peng Zhang , Lei Liu , Yangyang Xie , Xuyang Wu , Xingwen Fan , Wenjiao Li , Nuocheng Li , Xuhui Wang , Fujun Niu , Zhanju Lin

Climate warming-induced permafrost degradation significantly impacts the safe operation of road infrastructure, leading to the increased prevalence of embankment diseases (ED). To compare the differences in ED under different permafrost distributions and local factors, this study examines two important highways located in different regions: the Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH) and the Gonghe-Yushu Expressway (GYE). Statistical analysis and machine learning techniques were used to assess the types and characteristics of ED and to investigate their relationship with local factors. The analysis also explores how permafrost degradation, crack propagation, and moisture infiltration contribute to ED development. Furthermore, the study explores the causes of significant variations in ED across different highways (ordinary national road and expressway). Results indicate that ED in Qinghai Province are primarily characterized by cracks. In the southern GYE region, block, transverse, longitudinal, and alligator cracking make up 93.13 % of total ED, while 73.36 % of ED in the western QTH region are crack-related. The overall occurrence rate of ED on the QTH is much higher than that on the GYE. ED are strongly correlated with factors such as volumetric ice content (VIC), aspect, mean annual ground temperature (MAGT), and mean annual precipitation (MAP) (p ≤ 0.0001, r > 0). MAGT, VIC, and MAP significantly influence cumulative disease areas, pavement damage rates, and the International Roughness Index. These findings provide important insights into the challenges faced by road infrastructure in permafrost regions of Qinghai Province, offering guidance for future construction and maintenance strategies.

气候变暖引起的冻土退化严重影响道路基础设施的安全运行，导致路堤病害（ED）的患病率增加。采用统计分析和机器学习技术评估ED的类型和特征，并调查其与当地因素的关系。分析还探讨了冻土退化、裂缝扩展和水分渗透对ED发展的影响。此外，该研究还探讨了不同高速公路（普通国道和高速公路）ED显著差异的原因。结果表明，青海省ED以裂缝为主。在GYE南部地区，块状裂缝、横向裂缝、纵向裂缝和鳄鱼状裂缝占总裂缝的93.13%，而在QTH西部地区，与裂缝有关的裂缝占总裂缝的73.36%。QTH的ED总体发生率远高于GYE。ED与体积冰含量（VIC）、坡向、年平均地温（MAGT）、年平均降水量（MAP）等因子呈显著正相关（p≤0.0001,r > 0）。MAGT、VIC和MAP显著影响累积病害面积、路面损失率和国际粗糙度指数。这些发现为了解青海省多年冻土区道路基础设施面临的挑战提供了重要见解，为未来的建设和维护策略提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Anti-icing performance of electric heating for wind turbine blades based on the positive temperature coefficient material 基于正温度系数材料的风电叶片电加热防冰性能研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104749

Maozheng Wang , Yang Zhao , Yu Lin , Xingliang Jiang , Yijun Yuan

Blade icing poses a significant challenge to the safe and stable operation of wind turbines. However, the widely used electric heating anti-icing technology for wind turbine blades still faces several issues, including heating unevenly in the target area, localized ice formation, and system overcomplexity form excessive partitioning. This study proposes an innovative approach utilizing positive temperature coefficient (PTC) materials with a Curie temperature point of 1 °C to achieve adaptive electric heating for blades. Then, based on the material's resistance-temperature characteristics, an electric heating model for blades is established and numerically simulated. The results demonstrate that employing the PTC material for electric heating of blades achieves more uniform heating across the target area, eliminating the need for partitioning. With increasing operating voltage, the composite material exhibits strong adaptive capability, effectively limiting the maximum temperature within the target area to below 3 °C. Furthermore, under a fixed operating voltage, the composite material adaptively adjusts its heating power in response to varying ambient temperatures and wind speeds. Remarkably, the material maintains robust adaptive adjustment capability even after 100 resistance-temperature test cycles. Finally, the adaptive adjustment capability of this material is verified through field experiments. This research provides valuable theoretical and experimental foundations for future investigations on wind turbine blade anti-icing system utilizing the PTC material.

叶片结冰对风力发电机的安全稳定运行提出了重大挑战。然而，目前广泛应用的风电叶片电加热防冰技术仍然面临着目标区域受热不均匀、局部结冰、系统过于复杂形成过度分区等问题。本研究提出了一种利用居里温度点为1°C的正温度系数（PTC）材料实现叶片自适应电加热的创新方法。然后，根据材料的电阻-温度特性，建立了叶片电加热模型并进行了数值模拟。结果表明，采用PTC材料对叶片进行电加热，可以在整个目标区域实现更均匀的加热，无需分区。随着工作电压的增加，复合材料表现出较强的自适应能力，有效地将目标区域内的最高温度限制在3℃以下。此外，在固定的工作电压下，复合材料可以根据不同的环境温度和风速自适应地调节其加热功率。值得注意的是，即使经过100次电阻-温度测试循环，该材料仍保持强大的自适应调节能力。最后，通过现场实验验证了该材料的自适应调节能力。该研究为今后利用PTC材料进行风力机叶片防冰系统的研究提供了有价值的理论和实验基础。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal regime of novel spliced subgrade in permafrost regions 多年冻土区新型拼接路基热状态研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104743

Xin Yi , Guo Ming , Wenbing Yu , Fenglei Han , Haicui Wang , Guo Li

Building a spliced subgrade on the basis of the existing old subgrade is a common technique for increasing the subgrade width., but it faces challenges related to thermal stability control. This study proposes a novel spliced ventilation structure. A 3D conductive–convective model was developed to simulate heat transfer in the embankment, and airflow in the ventilation duct is modeled using the k–ε turbulence equations. The south-north slope effect, the use of wind dampers, and the closure of ventilation pipes during cold or warm seasons were considered. The thermal regime of both the common subgrade and the splicing ventilation embankment was simulated to evaluate their heat transfer characteristics. The simulation results indicate that the splicing position and the damper opening state of the wind door are closely related to the thermal regime characteristics of the embankment. The splicing ventilation embankment exerts a cooling effect on any side of the old subgrade. However, when the new ventilation splicing subgrade is joined on the northern side of the old subgrade, the cooling effect of the ventilating pipe is superior to that of splicing on the southern slope. In the absence of a wind damper in the ventiduct, when the ventilating embankment is spliced on the northern side of the old subgrade, the permafrost table beneath the spliced subgrade can be raised to −2.4 m; when the ventilation embankment is spliced onto the southern side of the old subgrade, the permafrost table beneath the spliced subgrade can only be raised to 3.5 m, which is 1.1 m lower than the former condition. Additionally, when splicing on the northern side of the old subgrade, the installation of the wind damper does not affect the cooling effect. However, when splicing occurs on the southern side of the old subgrade slope, the cooling effect with a wind door is much better than that without a wind door. The results can serve as a reference for the design of spliced wide roadbeds in permafrost regions.

在原有旧路基基础上修建拼接路基是增加路基宽度的常用技术。但它面临着与热稳定性控制相关的挑战。本研究提出了一种新型的拼接式通风结构。建立了三维导对流模型来模拟路基内的传热，并利用k -ε湍流方程对通风管道内的气流进行了建模。考虑了南北坡效应、风阻器的使用以及冷暖季节通风管道的关闭。模拟了普通路基和拼接式通风路堤的热态，评价了两者的传热特性。仿真结果表明，风门的拼接位置和阻尼器开启状态与路堤的热态特性密切相关。拼接式通风路堤对旧路基的任何一侧都有降温作用。然而，当新通风拼接路基连接在旧路基的北侧时，通风管道的冷却效果优于南坡拼接。在通风管道中不设置风门的情况下，在旧路基北侧拼接通风路堤时，可将拼接后的路基下多年冻土层抬升至−2.4 m；在旧路基南侧拼接通风路堤时，拼接后的路基下多年冻土水位只能升高到3.5 m，比原有条件降低了1.1 m。另外，在旧路基北侧拼接时，安装风门不影响降温效果。但是，当旧路基边坡南侧发生拼接时，有风门的降温效果要比没有风门的好得多。研究结果可为多年冻土区拼接宽路基的设计提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Research on the resistance characteristics and model construction of aircraft tires on snow-covered runways 飞机轮胎在积雪跑道上的阻力特性及模型构建研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104747

Qingmiao Ding , Haibin Jiang , Boyuan Ping , Yanyu Cui , Hao Zhang , Juquan Yang

Snow accumulation on airport runways alters the braking performance of aircraft, affecting the safety of takeoffs and landings. This study employs the coupled Euler-Lagrange (CEL) method to numerically simulate the interaction between snow and aircraft tires. The analysis focuses on the examination of snow thickness, wheel speed, tire load and other factors, with the objective of deriving a rolling resistance model for aircraft tires on snow-covered runways. The research findings indicate: 1) Snow depth on the runway and aircraft wheel speed significantly affect the resistance between the tire and snow; 2) The resistance between the tire and snow increases with wheel speed, and this trend becomes more pronounced as speed increases. The resistance also increases with tire load, as the snow is not fully compacted, leading to a rapid initial increase in rolling resistance. Once the load reaches the threshold for complete snow compaction, the resistance increases stabilizes. 3) A new resistance calculation model based on the EASA AMC 25.1591 solid contaminant resistance theory is proposed. Compared to experimental results, the model achieves an average relative error of 9.1 % and a maximum relative error of 16.3 %, improving the prediction accuracy of tire-snow resistance by nearly 30 %.

机场跑道上的积雪会改变飞机的制动性能，影响起飞和降落的安全。本文采用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日（CEL）方法对雪与飞机轮胎的相互作用进行了数值模拟。分析重点考察了积雪厚度、车轮速度、轮胎载荷等因素，目的是推导飞机轮胎在积雪跑道上的滚动阻力模型。研究结果表明：1)跑道雪深和飞机轮速对轮胎与雪间阻力有显著影响；2)轮胎与雪地之间的阻力随着车轮速度的增加而增加，并且随着速度的增加，这种趋势更加明显。阻力也随着轮胎负荷的增加而增加，因为雪没有完全压实，导致初始滚动阻力迅速增加。一旦载荷达到完全压实雪的阈值，阻力增加趋于稳定。3)基于EASA AMC 25.1591固体污染物阻力理论，提出了一种新的阻力计算模型。与实验结果相比，该模型的平均相对误差为9.1%，最大相对误差为16.3%，使轮胎雪阻力的预测精度提高了近30%。

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引用次数: 0