In this study, the energy spectra of the electric induced Mathieu quantum dot (MQD), containing the central hydrogenic impurity, fabricated by heterostructure InxGaAs1-x/GaAs, implanted in quantum plasma is considered. The effects of the external electric field, structural parameters and plasma screening on the energy levels of the MQD with the hydrogenic impurity are probed. The more general exponential cosine screened Coulomb (MGECSC) potential is used to depict the quantum plasma interactions. In order to solve the related Schrödinger equation, the numerical asymptotic iteration method (AIM) is employed. Achievable values of the effective potential parameters are taken into consideration, and for special purposes, the alternative to each other of these parameters is also evaluated.
{"title":"The Energy Spectra of Electric Induced Mathieu Quantum Dot with Hydrogenic Impurity Implanted in Quantum Plasma","authors":"M. Bahar","doi":"10.17776/csj.1247286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1247286","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the energy spectra of the electric induced Mathieu quantum dot (MQD), containing the central hydrogenic impurity, fabricated by heterostructure InxGaAs1-x/GaAs, implanted in quantum plasma is considered. The effects of the external electric field, structural parameters and plasma screening on the energy levels of the MQD with the hydrogenic impurity are probed. The more general exponential cosine screened Coulomb (MGECSC) potential is used to depict the quantum plasma interactions. In order to solve the related Schrödinger equation, the numerical asymptotic iteration method (AIM) is employed. Achievable values of the effective potential parameters are taken into consideration, and for special purposes, the alternative to each other of these parameters is also evaluated.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43108410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-performance organic-light emitting diode (OLED) display panels have been very popular lately due to their many advantages compared to liquid-crystal display (LCD) and light-emitting diode (LED) panels. It is also well known that the materials used in OLED panels are important in determining OLED performance. Starting with the selection of materials which have rich π-electrons will be a good start for the design of high-performance OLED materials. For this aim, the OLED properties of some cyclic aromatic structures with rich π-electrons such as 2,2ꞌ-bi-1,6-naphthyridine (BNP), 1,6-bis(4ꞌ-pyridine)-2,5-diazahexane (BPDH), 3,3ꞌ-bis[3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazol-1-yl]biphenyl (BPPB), 5,5ꞌ-dicyano-2,2ꞌ-bipyridine (DCBP), 2,2ꞌ-dimethyl-4,4ꞌ-bipyrimidine (DMBP), and 4ꞌ-phenyl-2,2ꞌ:6ꞌ2ꞌꞌterpyridine (Ph-TERPY) were theoretically analyzed using computational chemistry tools. The calculations of monomeric and dimeric structures of mentioned molecules were carried out at B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/TZP levels, respectively. The OLED properties of the investigated compound were explained by means of OLED parameters such as the reorganization energies, adiabatic-vertical ionization potentials and adiabatic-vertical electron affinities, the effective transfer integrals, and the charge transfer ratios. In the light of computational chemistry, it is indicated that these studied molecules will be utilized in which layers of OLED device. In addition to OLED analysis, in the light of the calculated reactivity descriptors, the chemical reactivities of the studied molecules were discussed.
{"title":"Chemical Reactivities and Organic Light-emitting Diode Properties of some Polyaromatic Molecules","authors":"Mustafa Elik","doi":"10.17776/csj.1252908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1252908","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance organic-light emitting diode (OLED) display panels have been very popular lately due to their many advantages compared to liquid-crystal display (LCD) and light-emitting diode (LED) panels. It is also well known that the materials used in OLED panels are important in determining OLED performance. Starting with the selection of materials which have rich π-electrons will be a good start for the design of high-performance OLED materials. For this aim, the OLED properties of some cyclic aromatic structures with rich π-electrons such as 2,2ꞌ-bi-1,6-naphthyridine (BNP), 1,6-bis(4ꞌ-pyridine)-2,5-diazahexane (BPDH), 3,3ꞌ-bis[3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazol-1-yl]biphenyl (BPPB), 5,5ꞌ-dicyano-2,2ꞌ-bipyridine (DCBP), 2,2ꞌ-dimethyl-4,4ꞌ-bipyrimidine (DMBP), and 4ꞌ-phenyl-2,2ꞌ:6ꞌ2ꞌꞌterpyridine (Ph-TERPY) were theoretically analyzed using computational chemistry tools. The calculations of monomeric and dimeric structures of mentioned molecules were carried out at B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/TZP levels, respectively. The OLED properties of the investigated compound were explained by means of OLED parameters such as the reorganization energies, adiabatic-vertical ionization potentials and adiabatic-vertical electron affinities, the effective transfer integrals, and the charge transfer ratios. In the light of computational chemistry, it is indicated that these studied molecules will be utilized in which layers of OLED device. In addition to OLED analysis, in the light of the calculated reactivity descriptors, the chemical reactivities of the studied molecules were discussed.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45274704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevser Sözen, H. Uysal, Nihal Büyükçi̇zmeci̇, K. Oysul
While the use of CyberKnife® radiosurgery systems is increasing, the choice of treatment plan is also important. In this study, it was aimed to determine the more advantageous application by comparing the irradiation of all metastases at once and the protocols of irradiation of metastases separately in multiple brain metastases. For this, on an entirely new head phantom; 6 brain metastases and 3 critical organs, including the spinal cord, brain stem, and chiasm, were determined over the spaces where the dosimeters were placed. Computed tomography (CT) images of the head phantom were taken and these 6 tumors and 3 critical organs were drawn (contouring) on the image. In the treatment planning system, the dose we wanted to give was written and irradiation plans were created to be done separately with a single irradiation. Luminescence (OSL) dosimeters with BeO optical excitation were removed from the phantom after each irradiation and the count value obtained from the dosimeter reader device was recorded. Homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), duration of treatment, and gradient index (GI) values of irradiation at one time and separately were compared. While it was found that irradiation of tumors with a separate treatment plan was more advantageous in terms of conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), homogeneity index (HI), and coverage values, it was seen that a single plan was more suitable in terms of gradient index and duration.
{"title":"Comparison of Single and Multiple Treatment Plans Made in CyberKnife® Radiosurgery System on Phantom","authors":"Kevser Sözen, H. Uysal, Nihal Büyükçi̇zmeci̇, K. Oysul","doi":"10.17776/csj.1260686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1260686","url":null,"abstract":"While the use of CyberKnife® radiosurgery systems is increasing, the choice of treatment plan is also important. In this study, it was aimed to determine the more advantageous application by comparing the irradiation of all metastases at once and the protocols of irradiation of metastases separately in multiple brain metastases. For this, on an entirely new head phantom; 6 brain metastases and 3 critical organs, including the spinal cord, brain stem, and chiasm, were determined over the spaces where the dosimeters were placed. Computed tomography (CT) images of the head phantom were taken and these 6 tumors and 3 critical organs were drawn (contouring) on the image. In the treatment planning system, the dose we wanted to give was written and irradiation plans were created to be done separately with a single irradiation. Luminescence (OSL) dosimeters with BeO optical excitation were removed from the phantom after each irradiation and the count value obtained from the dosimeter reader device was recorded. Homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), duration of treatment, and gradient index (GI) values of irradiation at one time and separately were compared. While it was found that irradiation of tumors with a separate treatment plan was more advantageous in terms of conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), homogeneity index (HI), and coverage values, it was seen that a single plan was more suitable in terms of gradient index and duration.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47691178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, a computer simulation program generates Fresnel diffraction patterns from small-size apertures using illumination wavelengths from extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to the visible region suggesting that it can be used to model a wide range of experimental setups. By being able to simulate diffraction patterns for such a broad range of wavelengths, the program can be used to investigate the effects of varying wavelengths and aperture size on the resulting pattern. By using a computer simulation program that can generate Fresnel diffraction patterns across a wide range of wavelengths, one can explore how different wavelengths of light interact with various aperture sizes. This allows one to investigate the effects of changing these parameters on the resulting diffraction pattern. The computer simulation program generating Fresnel diffraction patterns from square apertures by using the illumination wavelength sources from XUV to the visible region has been studied. Changing the aperture-screen distance, the illumination wavelength, and the aperture size provides a clear transition of diffraction patterns from the Fresnel to the Fraunhofer region. The diffraction patterns obtained by the Fresnel integral method have been compared with that simulated by the Fraunhofer calculation. There is a good agreement between the results. The structural similarity index (SSI) exhibits that comparing the diffraction images produced with both approaches agree.
{"title":"Numerical Investigation of Diffraction Patterns of Small Size Apertures Using Light Sources From Xuv to The Visible Region: Simulation for The Small Size Structures","authors":"M. Sayrac, E. Kaynar, F. Ungan","doi":"10.17776/csj.1185157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1185157","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a computer simulation program generates Fresnel diffraction patterns from small-size apertures using illumination wavelengths from extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to the visible region suggesting that it can be used to model a wide range of experimental setups. By being able to simulate diffraction patterns for such a broad range of wavelengths, the program can be used to investigate the effects of varying wavelengths and aperture size on the resulting pattern. By using a computer simulation program that can generate Fresnel diffraction patterns across a wide range of wavelengths, one can explore how different wavelengths of light interact with various aperture sizes. This allows one to investigate the effects of changing these parameters on the resulting diffraction pattern. The computer simulation program generating Fresnel diffraction patterns from square apertures by using the illumination wavelength sources from XUV to the visible region has been studied. Changing the aperture-screen distance, the illumination wavelength, and the aperture size provides a clear transition of diffraction patterns from the Fresnel to the Fraunhofer region. The diffraction patterns obtained by the Fresnel integral method have been compared with that simulated by the Fraunhofer calculation. There is a good agreement between the results. The structural similarity index (SSI) exhibits that comparing the diffraction images produced with both approaches agree.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46065217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuba Reçber, E. Nemutlu, E. Aydın, M. Cagan, H. Dönmez, S. Kır, M. Beksaç
Central nervous system diseases are neurological disorders that affect the structure or function of the brain and spinal cord that make up the central nervous system. In this study, it was aimed to examine the impaired/altered metabolomic profiles of pregnant women carrying fetuses with nervous system abnormalities (NSA). The study group consisted of 30 normal pregnancies with normal fetuses (control group) and 8 pregnancies with fetuses having NSA (study group), as determined by prenatal screening and diagnosis as part of an antenatal care program. Metabolomic analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis was able to identify 95 metabolites and 27 of them were statistically significant between the two groups (p<0.05). Moreover, the pathway analysis, performed with significantly altered metabolites, showed alteration in the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, aminoacyl t-RNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, aminoacyl t-RNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism seem to be critical in the prenatal screening of NSAs. However, abnormality-specific studies are necessary for further recommendations.
{"title":"Metabolic Infrastructure of Pregnant Women with Fetuses Having Nervous System Abnormalities; Metabolomic Analysis","authors":"Tuba Reçber, E. Nemutlu, E. Aydın, M. Cagan, H. Dönmez, S. Kır, M. Beksaç","doi":"10.17776/csj.1246590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1246590","url":null,"abstract":"Central nervous system diseases are neurological disorders that affect the structure or function of the brain and spinal cord that make up the central nervous system. In this study, it was aimed to examine the impaired/altered metabolomic profiles of pregnant women carrying fetuses with nervous system abnormalities (NSA). The study group consisted of 30 normal pregnancies with normal fetuses (control group) and 8 pregnancies with fetuses having NSA (study group), as determined by prenatal screening and diagnosis as part of an antenatal care program. Metabolomic analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis was able to identify 95 metabolites and 27 of them were statistically significant between the two groups (p<0.05). Moreover, the pathway analysis, performed with significantly altered metabolites, showed alteration in the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, aminoacyl t-RNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, aminoacyl t-RNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism seem to be critical in the prenatal screening of NSAs. However, abnormality-specific studies are necessary for further recommendations.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45782282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermal quenching is described as a decrease in luminescence efficiency with increasing measurement temperature. Luminescence intensity decreases with increasing heating rates in the presence of thermal quenching. In such a case, the heating rate to be used in the measurements becomes important. Lithium fluoride (LiF) type dosimeters have been widely used in radiation dosimetry for many years. In this study, thermal quenching effect was investigated for LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-100H), 6LiF:Mg,Ti(TLD-600) and 7LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-700) at two different doses (10, 1000mGy) using 90Sr/90Y beta source. TLD-100, TLD-600 and TLD-700 showed different thermal quenching behaviors according to dose values, while TLD-100H had the same characteristics at both doses. On the other hand, other dosimeters showed thermal quenching based on the total area at 10mGy, while they did not show thermal quenching when ROI was used. Again, thermal quenching was not observed at 1000mGy for all dosimeters. In conclusion, it is recommended to use ROI or low heating rate during measurements at a low dose (in the order of mGy) for TLD-100, TLD-600 and TLD-700, while desired heating rate can be used at a high dose (Gy) for all dosimeters.
{"title":"Investigation of Thermal Quenching Effect for Lithium Fluoride (LiF) Type Dosimeters","authors":"E. Aşlar","doi":"10.17776/csj.1226987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1226987","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal quenching is described as a decrease in luminescence efficiency with increasing measurement temperature. Luminescence intensity decreases with increasing heating rates in the presence of thermal quenching. In such a case, the heating rate to be used in the measurements becomes important. Lithium fluoride (LiF) type dosimeters have been widely used in radiation dosimetry for many years. In this study, thermal quenching effect was investigated for LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-100H), 6LiF:Mg,Ti(TLD-600) and 7LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-700) at two different doses (10, 1000mGy) using 90Sr/90Y beta source. TLD-100, TLD-600 and TLD-700 showed different thermal quenching behaviors according to dose values, while TLD-100H had the same characteristics at both doses. On the other hand, other dosimeters showed thermal quenching based on the total area at 10mGy, while they did not show thermal quenching when ROI was used. Again, thermal quenching was not observed at 1000mGy for all dosimeters. In conclusion, it is recommended to use ROI or low heating rate during measurements at a low dose (in the order of mGy) for TLD-100, TLD-600 and TLD-700, while desired heating rate can be used at a high dose (Gy) for all dosimeters.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48920742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, a total of 95 Dentex maroccanus samples (n♀=37, n♂=58) were examined from the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. The sex ratio was calculated as 0.63:1. The mean total length (TL), fork length (FL), and standard length (SL) were 12.1 ± 0.082 cm, 11.1 ± 0.075 cm, and 10.0 ± 0.068 cm for all samples, respectively. The mean weight (W) was 32.81 ± 0.575 g. The length-length relationships were determined as TL=1.1367SL+0.7136, TL=1.0607FL+0.2804, and FL=1.0631SL+0.494 for all samples, respectively. The total length-weight relationships were determined as W=0.08TL2.409, W=0.1183TL2.246, and W=0.0489TL2.613 and the growth was negative allometric for all individuals, females, and males, respectively. The mean condition factor was calculated as 1.84 for all individuals, 1.78 for females, and 1.88 for males. There are no previous studies about the population parameters of Morocco dentex and the present study gave the first information on the length-weight, length-length relationships, and condition factors of D. maroccanus population inhabiting the northeastern Mediterranean Sea
{"title":"Some Population Parameters of Morocco dentex, Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Seda KONTAŞ YALÇINKAYA","doi":"10.17776/csj.1223962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1223962","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a total of 95 Dentex maroccanus samples (n♀=37, n♂=58) were examined from the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. The sex ratio was calculated as 0.63:1. The mean total length (TL), fork length (FL), and standard length (SL) were 12.1 ± 0.082 cm, 11.1 ± 0.075 cm, and 10.0 ± 0.068 cm for all samples, respectively. The mean weight (W) was 32.81 ± 0.575 g. The length-length relationships were determined as TL=1.1367SL+0.7136, TL=1.0607FL+0.2804, and FL=1.0631SL+0.494 for all samples, respectively. The total length-weight relationships were determined as W=0.08TL2.409, W=0.1183TL2.246, and W=0.0489TL2.613 and the growth was negative allometric for all individuals, females, and males, respectively. The mean condition factor was calculated as 1.84 for all individuals, 1.78 for females, and 1.88 for males. There are no previous studies about the population parameters of Morocco dentex and the present study gave the first information on the length-weight, length-length relationships, and condition factors of D. maroccanus population inhabiting the northeastern Mediterranean Sea","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43982656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protective role of Trifloxystrobin pretreatment against excessive copper-related abiotic stress in Triticum aestivum L. was determined in two Turkish wheat cultivars, Sönmez and Gerek 79. Ten-day-old seedlings were pretreated with 20 µM and 80 µM Trifloxystrobin. A group of seedlings was harvested without exposure to Trifloxystrobin as a control. Two days after, seedlings were treated with copper(II) chloride. Seedlings were harvested on the 20th day after sowing. The growth level of the groups was evaluated by measuring the length, fresh weight and shoot dry weight of shoots. Chlorophyll a + b, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents as well as proline levels were assessed. Lipid peroxidation and total activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase were analyzed to predict the oxidative stress levels. Both cultivars exhibited similar responses to the treatments. Trifloxystrobin doses did not cause damage on plants when applied alone. Seedlings subjected to excessive doses of copper showed significant reductions in growth parameters, as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Conversely, copper caused a remarkable increase in anthocyanin, proline and malondialdehyde accumulation. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities increased, while glutathione reductase activity decreased in copper-stressed plants. Trifloxystrobin pretreatment strengthens the antioxidant defense system. All parameters were positively affected by Trifloxystrobin pretreatment. As the dose of Trifloxystrobin increased, the severity of stress decreased in both genotypes. Trifloxystrobin pretreatment is a promising method for reducing copper-induced damage in T. aestivum.
{"title":"Trifloxystrobin Pretreatment Alleviates Excessive Copper Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"O. Macar, Tuğçe Kalefetoğlu Macar, T. Karaköy","doi":"10.17776/csj.1166108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1166108","url":null,"abstract":"Protective role of Trifloxystrobin pretreatment against excessive copper-related abiotic stress in Triticum aestivum L. was determined in two Turkish wheat cultivars, Sönmez and Gerek 79. Ten-day-old seedlings were pretreated with 20 µM and 80 µM Trifloxystrobin. A group of seedlings was harvested without exposure to Trifloxystrobin as a control. Two days after, seedlings were treated with copper(II) chloride. Seedlings were harvested on the 20th day after sowing. The growth level of the groups was evaluated by measuring the length, fresh weight and shoot dry weight of shoots. Chlorophyll a + b, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents as well as proline levels were assessed. Lipid peroxidation and total activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase were analyzed to predict the oxidative stress levels. Both cultivars exhibited similar responses to the treatments. Trifloxystrobin doses did not cause damage on plants when applied alone. Seedlings subjected to excessive doses of copper showed significant reductions in growth parameters, as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Conversely, copper caused a remarkable increase in anthocyanin, proline and malondialdehyde accumulation. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities increased, while glutathione reductase activity decreased in copper-stressed plants. Trifloxystrobin pretreatment strengthens the antioxidant defense system. All parameters were positively affected by Trifloxystrobin pretreatment. As the dose of Trifloxystrobin increased, the severity of stress decreased in both genotypes. Trifloxystrobin pretreatment is a promising method for reducing copper-induced damage in T. aestivum.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45874400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although amazonite minerals from various locations have been studied before rather less attention has been paid to the amazonite mineral from Pakistan. The present work is presented an extensive structural characterization of natural amazonite aliquots (KAlSi3O8) from Tangir Valley, Gilgit-Pakistan. The phase and elemental analysis have been characterized by both X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The surface morphology and particle size have been identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The luminescence properties have been investigated using PhotoLuminescence (PL). In addition, the lifetime of the PL emission measurements has been estimated. Eventually, this microcline has a triclinic phase, mainly composed of (AlO4)-5 ions, SiO2, metal SiO4, Al2O3 and oxygen originating from impurities. The average particle size is around 1–10 µm with a complex structure. The PL spectrum has broad emission and excitation bands (520 nm and 340 mm respectively). The average lifetime of the PL emission is 265,21 µs. For the accuracy of the results all experiments were performed with not only a single aliquot, but with three aliquots, and representative results are presented.
{"title":"Amazonite in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Study with XRD, XPS, SEM, and PL Analyses","authors":"Eren C. Karsu Asal","doi":"10.17776/csj.1241984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1241984","url":null,"abstract":"Although amazonite minerals from various locations have been studied before rather less attention has been paid to the amazonite mineral from Pakistan. The present work is presented an extensive structural characterization of natural amazonite aliquots (KAlSi3O8) from Tangir Valley, Gilgit-Pakistan. The phase and elemental analysis have been characterized by both X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The surface morphology and particle size have been identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The luminescence properties have been investigated using PhotoLuminescence (PL). In addition, the lifetime of the PL emission measurements has been estimated. \u0000Eventually, this microcline has a triclinic phase, mainly composed of (AlO4)-5 ions, SiO2, metal SiO4, Al2O3 and oxygen originating from impurities. The average particle size is around 1–10 µm with a complex structure. The PL spectrum has broad emission and excitation bands (520 nm and 340 mm respectively). The average lifetime of the PL emission is 265,21 µs. For the accuracy of the results all experiments were performed with not only a single aliquot, but with three aliquots, and representative results are presented.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45901545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the effect of shear rate, agar concentration (15-35 kg/m3) and temperature (30-60°C) on the apparent viscosity of the agar solution was investigated. Apparent viscosities at different shear rates were determined using a rotational viscometer. The findings show that the apparent viscosity decreasing with a rise of shear rate increased with increasing concentration. An increase in the tempearture, on the other hand, led to a decrease in the apparent viscosity. To illustrate both temperature and concentration changes together, the Bingham, power law, and Casson models were utilized in choosing the most suitable model. When the models were compared using statistical tests, the most compatible model was found to be the power-law model. The consistency coefficient and flow behaviour index calculated using the power law model showed that agar solutions exhibited shear-thinning flow behavior (pseudoplastic). This study suggests that power law, within the ranges of the temperature and concentration studied could be used to estimate the viscosity of the agar solutions in the applications requiring the knowledge of flow behavior.
{"title":"Investigation on the Flow Behaviour of Agar Solution and Rheological Modelling","authors":"M. Karataş","doi":"10.17776/csj.1068886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1068886","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of shear rate, agar concentration (15-35 kg/m3) and temperature (30-60°C) on the apparent viscosity of the agar solution was investigated. Apparent viscosities at different shear rates were determined using a rotational viscometer. The findings show that the apparent viscosity decreasing with a rise of shear rate increased with increasing concentration. An increase in the tempearture, on the other hand, led to a decrease in the apparent viscosity. To illustrate both temperature and concentration changes together, the Bingham, power law, and Casson models were utilized in choosing the most suitable model. When the models were compared using statistical tests, the most compatible model was found to be the power-law model. The consistency coefficient and flow behaviour index calculated using the power law model showed that agar solutions exhibited shear-thinning flow behavior (pseudoplastic). This study suggests that power law, within the ranges of the temperature and concentration studied could be used to estimate the viscosity of the agar solutions in the applications requiring the knowledge of flow behavior.","PeriodicalId":10906,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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