Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666221102090945
V. Pustovalov
This review describes the basic and application aspects of the optical properties of nanoparticles (NPs), which determine the dynamics and results of optical (laser) radiation interaction with NPs and their surroundings through NP light absorption and heat generation. In addition to the importance of primary optical processes, the thermal application of the light–NP interaction has attracted significant interest from various areas ranging from photochemistry to laser material processing and nanobiomedicine. First of all, the information provided is intended for laser specialists, photochemists and nanobiologists who are not so familiar with various optical data for understanding of the influence of NP optical properties on the results of optical or laser action on NPs and medium. Secondly, our review will be useful for researchers who conduct high-temperature investigations of the intense optical action on NPs that needs to take into account the dependence of NP optical properties on its temperature under NP heating. Our attention is focused on two variants of the applications of NP optical properties. Firstly, we shortly reviewed the optical properties of NPs at their initial or slightly higher temperatures reached under the influence of moderate radiation intensity. They are presented in numerous publications and are used as basic data. On the other side, the development of modern high-temperature laser and optical technologies needs to use the NPs optical properties at temperatures of about 1x103 K and more. For high power laser and optical technologies, it is necessary to take into account the temperature dependences of the optical parameters of various metals, dielectrics and other materials. Among these technologies, one should list laser processing of NPs, thermal laser biomedicine, solar and photo nanocatalysis, solar nanostructured absorbers. The selection and use of suitable optical properties of NPs are crucial to successful achievements and results in high-temperature experiments and applications. Novel information on optical property dependence on temperature obtained from currently available literature has been presented for possible applications in optical and laser high-temperature processes interactions with NPs. However, unfortunately, the essential information on the effect of temperature on the optical properties of NPs is currently limited. In addition to the latest information, this review also includes the figures obtained by our own calculations to provide readers with a better understanding of the NP optical properties. From the side of the application, the use of NP optical properties is considered, which provide multiple varieties of moderate and high-temperature technology opportunities, many of which are ongoing and some of them are promising bright results in the near future. The beneficial outcome and the results of further activities in the research of intense laser and optical interactions with NPs can influen
{"title":"Optical properties of nanoparticles dispersed in ambient medium and their dependences on temperature","authors":"V. Pustovalov","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666221102090945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666221102090945","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This review describes the basic and application aspects of the optical properties of nanoparticles (NPs), which determine the dynamics and results of optical (laser) radiation interaction with NPs and their surroundings through NP light absorption and heat generation. In addition to the importance of primary optical processes, the thermal application of the light–NP interaction has attracted significant interest from various areas ranging from photochemistry to laser material processing and nanobiomedicine. First of all, the information provided is intended for laser specialists, photochemists and nanobiologists who are not so familiar with various optical data for understanding of the influence of NP optical properties on the results of optical or laser action on NPs and medium. Secondly, our review will be useful for researchers who conduct high-temperature investigations of the intense optical action on NPs that needs to take into account the dependence of NP optical properties on its temperature under NP heating.\u0000Our attention is focused on two variants of the applications of NP optical properties. Firstly, we shortly reviewed the optical properties of NPs at their initial or slightly higher temperatures reached under the influence of moderate radiation intensity. They are presented in numerous publications and are used as basic data. On the other side, the development of modern high-temperature laser and optical technologies needs to use the NPs optical properties at temperatures of about 1x103 K and more. For high power laser and optical technologies, it is necessary to take into account the temperature dependences of the optical parameters of various metals, dielectrics and other materials. Among these technologies, one should list laser processing of NPs, thermal laser biomedicine, solar and photo nanocatalysis, solar nanostructured absorbers. The selection and use of suitable optical properties of NPs are crucial to successful achievements and results in high-temperature experiments and applications. \u0000Novel information on optical property dependence on temperature obtained from currently available literature has been presented for possible applications in optical and laser high-temperature processes interactions with NPs. However, unfortunately, the essential information on the effect of temperature on the optical properties of NPs is currently limited. In addition to the latest information, this review also includes the figures obtained by our own calculations to provide readers with a better understanding of the NP optical properties. \u0000From the side of the application, the use of NP optical properties is considered, which provide multiple varieties of moderate and high-temperature technology opportunities, many of which are ongoing and some of them are promising bright results in the near future. The beneficial outcome and the results of further activities in the research of intense laser and optical interactions with NPs can influen","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42184136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220831093135
A. Sailaja, Amand Alekhya
Letrozole (LTZ), is an aromatase inhibitor used for the treatment of hormonally positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Letrozole is categorized as a BCS class I drug. It has poor water solubility, rapid metabolism and a range of side effects. Nanosuspension is a technique which enhances the drug's solubility and bioavailability, resulting in a faster start of effect. The present study was aimed, to formulate nanosuspension using probe sonication method for the enhancement of solubility of Letrozole using poloxamer-188 as stabilizer. The formulation scheme was generated by using Box-Behnken design which is a statistical tool of design of experiments (DOE). Total seventeen formulations were performed for letrozole nanosuspension as suggested by Box-Behnken design by employing probe sonication method. The selected formulations are characterized for particle size and zeta potential. The formulations were checked on percentage of bias in between predicted value and observed value and evaluated for drug content and invitro dissolution study. The formulation was optimized using Box-Behnken design based on invitro cumulative drug release. Among all the formulations NS4 (500mg poloxamer-188, 100mg Letrozole and sonication time of 20mints) was considered to be best with minimum Particle size of 923.5nm, Zeta potential value of -28.7mV, 96.36% of drug content and 94.02% of drug release within 2 hours. Solubility was determined by shake flask method. The solubility of pure drug was found to be only 10%. The solubility studies were performed for the optimized formulation of NS4 showed that the solubility has enhanced up to 90% when compared to pure drug. Thus, the present results revealed that Letrozole nanosuspension solubility has enhanced up to 90% when compared to pure drug by using poloxamer-188 as stabilizer.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of letrozole nanosuspension by probe sonication method using box-behnken design","authors":"A. Sailaja, Amand Alekhya","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220831093135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220831093135","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Letrozole (LTZ), is an aromatase inhibitor used for the treatment of hormonally positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Letrozole is categorized as a BCS class I drug. It has poor water solubility, rapid metabolism and a range of side effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Nanosuspension is a technique which enhances the drug's solubility and bioavailability, resulting in a faster start of effect. The present study was aimed, to formulate nanosuspension using probe sonication method for the enhancement of solubility of Letrozole using poloxamer-188 as stabilizer. The formulation scheme was generated by using Box-Behnken design which is a statistical tool of design of experiments (DOE).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Total seventeen formulations were performed for letrozole nanosuspension as suggested by Box-Behnken design by employing probe sonication method. The selected formulations are characterized for particle size and zeta potential. The formulations were checked on percentage of bias in between predicted value and observed value and evaluated for drug content and invitro dissolution study. The formulation was optimized using Box-Behnken design based on invitro cumulative drug release. Among all the formulations NS4 (500mg poloxamer-188, 100mg Letrozole and sonication time of 20mints) was considered to be best with minimum Particle size of 923.5nm, Zeta potential value of -28.7mV, 96.36% of drug content and 94.02% of drug release within 2 hours. Solubility was determined by shake flask method. The solubility of pure drug was found to be only 10%. The solubility studies were performed for the optimized formulation of NS4 showed that the solubility has enhanced up to 90% when compared to pure drug.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Thus, the present results revealed that Letrozole nanosuspension solubility has enhanced up to 90% when compared to pure drug by using poloxamer-188 as stabilizer.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42720554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-27DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220827092425
Smriti Ojha, Sudhanshu Mishra, Sonali Kumari, A. Mishra, R. Chaubey
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a relatively new class of technical materials with a variety of unique and beneficial features. CNT is a revolutionary carrier technology for both tiny and big medicinal compounds. These formulations can be surface engineered and functionalized with predefined functional groups to control their physical and biological characteristics. CNTs have proven potential for cancer therapy along with other target-oriented therapy due to their unique features, such as ease of cell viability, high drug stacking, thermal ablation, and exceptional intrinsic physical and chemical characteristics. Graphite with Sp2 bonded carbon atoms is used for the synthesis of CNT. CNTs are fabricated in a variety of ways, including arc discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition, flame synthesis, and silane solution. The present review summarises methods of preparation, types, and various applications of CNT.
{"title":"Carbon Nanotube – Synthesis, Purification and Biomedical applications","authors":"Smriti Ojha, Sudhanshu Mishra, Sonali Kumari, A. Mishra, R. Chaubey","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220827092425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220827092425","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a relatively new class of technical materials with a variety of unique and beneficial features. CNT is a revolutionary carrier technology for both tiny and big medicinal compounds. These formulations can be surface engineered and functionalized with predefined functional groups to control their physical and biological characteristics. CNTs have proven potential for cancer therapy along with other target-oriented therapy due to their unique features, such as ease of cell viability, high drug stacking, thermal ablation, and exceptional intrinsic physical and chemical characteristics. Graphite with Sp2 bonded carbon atoms is used for the synthesis of CNT. CNTs are fabricated in a variety of ways, including arc discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition, flame synthesis, and silane solution. The present review summarises methods of preparation, types, and various applications of CNT.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43346709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220823124855
A. Jose, Akhila Job, Jephin K. Jose, Manoj B
Graphene, a layered allotropic form of graphitic carbon, has fascinated the scientific world from the time of its discovery. Its unique structural, physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties find application in many areas. Because of its large surface area as well as its apt electrical property, it is used in electromagnetic interference shielding. With excellent carrier mobility, it is used for sensing purposes. Mechanical strength and elastic properties coupled with its lightweight makes graphene a promising material as a supercapacitor. The 2-dimensional structural properties of the graphene layers can be used for the purification treatment of water and gas. The number of researches in graphene applications are increasing every single day which shows the importance and excellency of graphene properties. This short review provides a comprehensive understanding of the properties and progress of graphene in the field of electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, water treatment, energy production, storage, and conversion applications such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells and electrocatalysts.
{"title":"Novel applications of graphene and its derivatives: A short review","authors":"A. Jose, Akhila Job, Jephin K. Jose, Manoj B","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220823124855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220823124855","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Graphene, a layered allotropic form of graphitic carbon, has fascinated the scientific world from the time of its discovery. Its unique structural, physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties find application in many areas. Because of its large surface area as well as its apt electrical property, it is used in electromagnetic interference shielding. With excellent carrier mobility, it is used for sensing purposes. Mechanical strength and elastic properties coupled with its lightweight makes graphene a promising material as a supercapacitor. The 2-dimensional structural properties of the graphene layers can be used for the purification treatment of water and gas. The number of researches in graphene applications are increasing every single day which shows the importance and excellency of graphene properties. This short review provides a comprehensive understanding of the properties and progress of graphene in the field of electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, water treatment, energy production, storage, and conversion applications such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells and electrocatalysts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45125358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220820121450
Pooja Gautam, A. Bharti, A. Tiwari, K. Mandal
A chemical formula of nanocomposite 0.1 Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 -0.9 Bi3LaTi3O12 (BCLT-19) was prepared by semiwet route using metal nitrate and solid TiO2. The phase formation of Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (BCT) and Bi3LaTi3O12 (BLT) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed a nano particle of size 14 ± 5 nm on average for BCLT-19 composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images exhibited a tubular, spherical and heterogeneous structure of grains. The root means square roughness, average roughness and maximum area peak height were explained by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Study of magnetic properties was determined as weak antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic and in nature. The high dielectric constant (ε' = 3147 at 100Hz to 500 K) of BCLT-19 may be due to the existence of space charge polarization. In this manuscript have studies on the novel composite materials of BCLT-19 micro-structural properties. This is useful for future Random-access memory devices and dielectric materials,
{"title":"Magnetic and dielectric properties of 0.1 Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 -0.9 Bi3LaTi3O12 nanocomposite prepared by semi-wet route","authors":"Pooja Gautam, A. Bharti, A. Tiwari, K. Mandal","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220820121450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220820121450","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A chemical formula of nanocomposite 0.1 Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 -0.9 Bi3LaTi3O12 (BCLT-19) was prepared by semiwet route using metal nitrate and solid TiO2. The phase formation of Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (BCT) and Bi3LaTi3O12 (BLT) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed a nano particle of size 14 ± 5 nm on average for BCLT-19 composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images exhibited a tubular, spherical and heterogeneous structure of grains. The root means square roughness, average roughness and maximum area peak height were explained by atomic force microscopy (AFM).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Study of magnetic properties was determined as weak antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic and in nature. The high dielectric constant (ε' = 3147 at 100Hz to 500 K) of BCLT-19 may be due to the existence of space charge polarization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this manuscript have studies on the novel composite materials of BCLT-19 micro-structural properties. This is useful for future Random-access memory devices and dielectric materials,\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43282881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-17DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220817155944
K. Sarjuna, D. Ilangeswaran
When halide salts and hydrogen bond donors are combined, they produce Deep Eutectic Solvents, which have a lower freezing/melting point than the individual components. At room temperature, they have emerged as viable alternatives to ionic liquids. The wonderful features of deep eutectic solvents such as humidity tolerance, high-temperature stability, low cost, non-hazardous, reusable, and recyclable nature, allow them to replace ionic liquids. To prepare two newer Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvents using Malonic acid - Glucose – Glutamine and Malonic acid - Fructose – Glutamine. Using the prepared ternary deep eutectic solvents, to synthesize silver nanoparticles and study the antifungal behavior. The ternary deep eutectic solvents were prepared by the evaporation method in water and subjected to measure the properties such as density, pH, conductivity, viscosity, and absorption frequencies of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The prepared deep eutectic solvents are used for the synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by the chemical reduction method in presence of Hydrazine Hydrate as a reducing agent and sodium hydroxide as a stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. The characteristic absorption peak of UV-Visible Spectroscopy shows that silver nanoparticles were formed. FTIR exposes the metallic and other bonding of the nanoparticles and the caping materials. From the XRD pattern, we found the crystalline and the images formed in the SEM are in the nanoscale. The average particle size of silver nanoparticles is 116.87nm and 26.61 nm. In our study, two types of novel ternary deep eutectic solvents were developed. They act as a better solvent media for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the synthesized nanoparticles show antifungal behaviors against some fungi.
{"title":"Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis in newly formed Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent Media, Characterization and their Antifungal activity","authors":"K. Sarjuna, D. Ilangeswaran","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220817155944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220817155944","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000When halide salts and hydrogen bond donors are combined, they produce Deep Eutectic Solvents, which have a lower freezing/melting point than the individual components. At room temperature, they have emerged as viable alternatives to ionic liquids. The wonderful features of deep eutectic solvents such as humidity tolerance, high-temperature stability, low cost, non-hazardous, reusable, and recyclable nature, allow them to replace ionic liquids.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To prepare two newer Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvents using Malonic acid - Glucose – Glutamine and Malonic acid - Fructose – Glutamine. Using the prepared ternary deep eutectic solvents, to synthesize silver nanoparticles and study the antifungal behavior.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The ternary deep eutectic solvents were prepared by the evaporation method in water and subjected to measure the properties such as density, pH, conductivity, viscosity, and absorption frequencies of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The prepared deep eutectic solvents are used for the synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by the chemical reduction method in presence of Hydrazine Hydrate as a reducing agent and sodium hydroxide as a stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The characteristic absorption peak of UV-Visible Spectroscopy shows that silver nanoparticles were formed. FTIR exposes the metallic and other bonding of the nanoparticles and the caping materials. From the XRD pattern, we found the crystalline and the images formed in the SEM are in the nanoscale. The average particle size of silver nanoparticles is 116.87nm and 26.61 nm.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In our study, two types of novel ternary deep eutectic solvents were developed. They act as a better solvent media for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the synthesized nanoparticles show antifungal behaviors against some fungi.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43851362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220721115604
Amar Kumar, Meenakshi, N. Saxena, K. Seema, Anshuman Srivastava, Jitendra Rajak, D. Singh, S. V. Singh, L. Singh
Nanomaterials (NMs) particularly synthesized by green routes have attracted the researchers and scientists for their multifunctional industrial applications. NMs have not only revolutionized the research, but also our daily life because of numerous applications in medical diagnostics, consumer products, and energy-related applications. Their unique properties are directly related to chemical composition, structure, size and shape. There are several characterization techniques are used to determine the size, composition, crystalline structure and other physical properties of NMs. Prominent among them are spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Visible, FTIR, EDX; diffraction techniques such as XRD, SAED; microscopic techniques such as SEM, TEM, AFM and others such as Zeta potential measurements. Every technique has its own merit and demerit. This mini review describes the uses of UV-Vis spectroscopy in characterization of NMs.
纳米材料特别是绿色合成的纳米材料以其多功能的工业应用吸引了研究人员和科学家。由于在医疗诊断、消费产品和能源相关应用中的大量应用，NMs不仅彻底改变了研究，而且改变了我们的日常生活。它们的独特性质与化学成分、结构、大小和形状直接相关。有几种表征技术用于确定NMs的尺寸、组成、晶体结构和其他物理性质。其中最突出的是光谱技术，如紫外-可见，FTIR, EDX;XRD、SAED等衍射技术;微观技术，如SEM, TEM, AFM和其他如Zeta电位测量。每种技术都有自己的优点和缺点。本文简要介绍了紫外可见光谱在纳米材料表征中的应用。
{"title":"Physico-Chemical Characterization of green synthesized nanomaterials by UV-Visible spectroscopy","authors":"Amar Kumar, Meenakshi, N. Saxena, K. Seema, Anshuman Srivastava, Jitendra Rajak, D. Singh, S. V. Singh, L. Singh","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220721115604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220721115604","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanomaterials (NMs) particularly synthesized by green routes have attracted the researchers and scientists for their multifunctional industrial applications. NMs have not only revolutionized the research, but also our daily life because of numerous applications in medical diagnostics, consumer products, and energy-related applications. Their unique properties are directly related to chemical composition, structure, size and shape. There are several characterization techniques are used to determine the size, composition, crystalline structure and other physical properties of NMs. Prominent among them are spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Visible, FTIR, EDX; diffraction techniques such as XRD, SAED; microscopic techniques such as SEM, TEM, AFM and others such as Zeta potential measurements. Every technique has its own merit and demerit. This mini review describes the uses of UV-Vis spectroscopy in characterization of NMs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42334844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220630153637
J. Gujar, S. Patil, S. Sonawane
Nanofluids are a new class of nanomaterials suspended in a base liquid. Nanofluids have shown extremely distinctive properties that give tremendous opportunities for a wide range of applications. Nanofluids are a novel group of heat transfer fluids that have attracted the attention of researchers from various fields due to their intensive thermal properties. This systematic review highlights the synthesis, stability, physical treatment, and applications of nanofluids in various sectors. Applications of nanofluids in different sectors like the coolant in machinery, cooling of electronics, in chillers, cooling of diesel electronics generators, in a boiler cool gas reductions, and the manufacturing industry. The manufacturing process is one of the most fundamental and well-proven industrial processes in product-based industries. Cutting fluids play a critical function in lowering manufacturing cycle time as well as cutting costs during the machining process. A review of the importance of the machining process, as well as the use of nanofluids as cutting fluids, has been investigated in this work. To achieve these goals, cutting force, surface quality, tool and workpiece interface temperature, tool geometry, and the impacts of environmental situations were studied. Various vital specifications, such as the type of nanoparticle, a cutting tool used, work material type, and machining processes like turning, milling, drilling, and grinding were studied and thoroughly summarised in this work. If the machining parameters were used correctly, a greater heat transfer rate would be observed due to changes in lubricating characteristics and physical parameters.
{"title":"A review on nanofluids: synthesis, stability, and uses in the manufacturing industry","authors":"J. Gujar, S. Patil, S. Sonawane","doi":"10.2174/2405461507666220630153637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220630153637","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanofluids are a new class of nanomaterials suspended in a base liquid. Nanofluids have shown extremely distinctive properties that give tremendous opportunities for a wide range of applications. Nanofluids are a novel group of heat transfer fluids that have attracted the attention of researchers from various fields due to their intensive thermal properties. This systematic review highlights the synthesis, stability, physical treatment, and applications of nanofluids in various sectors. Applications of nanofluids in different sectors like the coolant in machinery, cooling of electronics, in chillers, cooling of diesel electronics generators, in a boiler cool gas reductions, and the manufacturing industry. The manufacturing process is one of the most fundamental and well-proven industrial processes in product-based industries. Cutting fluids play a critical function in lowering manufacturing cycle time as well as cutting costs during the machining process. A review of the importance of the machining process, as well as the use of nanofluids as cutting fluids, has been investigated in this work. To achieve these goals, cutting force, surface quality, tool and workpiece interface temperature, tool geometry, and the impacts of environmental situations were studied. Various vital specifications, such as the type of nanoparticle, a cutting tool used, work material type, and machining processes like turning, milling, drilling, and grinding were studied and thoroughly summarised in this work. If the machining parameters were used correctly, a greater heat transfer rate would be observed due to changes in lubricating characteristics and physical parameters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49305250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.2174/2405461507666220628161237
S. K. Upadhyay, L. K. Sainia
We have study the Coulomb drag phenomena for hole-hole static potentials theoretically and measured numerically using the random phase approximation (RPA) method The drag resistivity is evaluated at low temperature, large interlayer separation limit and weakly screening regime, with the geometry of two atomically thin materials, such as, BLG/GaAs based multilayer system, is a promising systems in nanomaterials and technology Static local field corrections (LFC) are considered to take into account the Exchange-correlations (XC) and mutual interaction effects with varying concentrations of active and passive layer It is found that the drag resistivity is found enhanced on using the LFC effects and increases on increasing the effective mass. In Fermi-Liquid regime, drag resistivity is directly proportional to T^2, n^(-3), d^(-4) and ϵ^2 with respect to temperature (T), density (n), interlayer separation (d~nm) and dielectric constant (ϵ_2), respectively. Dependency of drag resistivity is measured and compared to 2D e-e and e-h coupled-layer systems with and without the effect of non-homogeneous dielectric medium.
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