Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597709
A. Mirbagheri, J. Dargahi, Farhad Aghili, K. Parsa
This paper focuses on the finite element modeling of a membrane-type piezoelectric tactile sensor with four sensing elements; the membrane is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This tactile sensor, capable of measuring magnitude and position of an applied normal force along with an estimation of the shape of the contacting objects, is an improved version of its already-tested three-element predecessor. It overcomes the problems of crosstalk, complexity, and fragility, which are associated with an array of sensing elements arranged in a matrix form. Difficulties of attaining a closed-form solution are briefly discussed and the results of finite element analysis are presented. Triangulation method is combined with membrane stresses to determine the position and the magnitude of forces. If the force is applied on the membrane by pressing an object on it, then through triangulation an estimation of the shape of the object can be found as well. With this approach the entire area of the tactile sensor becomes active. The sensor is linear, highly sensitive and exhibits high dynamic range. This tactile sensor can potentially be used in robotic and medical applications
{"title":"Finite element analysis of a membrane-type piezoelectric tactile sensor with four sensing elements","authors":"A. Mirbagheri, J. Dargahi, Farhad Aghili, K. Parsa","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597709","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the finite element modeling of a membrane-type piezoelectric tactile sensor with four sensing elements; the membrane is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This tactile sensor, capable of measuring magnitude and position of an applied normal force along with an estimation of the shape of the contacting objects, is an improved version of its already-tested three-element predecessor. It overcomes the problems of crosstalk, complexity, and fragility, which are associated with an array of sensing elements arranged in a matrix form. Difficulties of attaining a closed-form solution are briefly discussed and the results of finite element analysis are presented. Triangulation method is combined with membrane stresses to determine the position and the magnitude of forces. If the force is applied on the membrane by pressing an object on it, then through triangulation an estimation of the shape of the object can be found as well. With this approach the entire area of the tactile sensor becomes active. The sensor is linear, highly sensitive and exhibits high dynamic range. This tactile sensor can potentially be used in robotic and medical applications","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123991504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597733
O. Piciu, M. C. Krogt, P. Sarro, A. Bossche, M. Docter
A process technology for fabrication of high quality nano-hole arrays in thin gold layers on glass substrates, suitable for biomolecular applications is presented. Making use of a bi-layer resist system, electron-beam lithography and a lift-off technique, different arrays of square-shaped nano-holes have been obtained. The holes dimensions are between 100nm and 200nm, with different lattice constants in each case. The arrays were furthermore optically characterized, showing uniformity and increased intensity of the out-coming light
{"title":"Atto-liter periodical cavities for optical molecular detection","authors":"O. Piciu, M. C. Krogt, P. Sarro, A. Bossche, M. Docter","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597733","url":null,"abstract":"A process technology for fabrication of high quality nano-hole arrays in thin gold layers on glass substrates, suitable for biomolecular applications is presented. Making use of a bi-layer resist system, electron-beam lithography and a lift-off technique, different arrays of square-shaped nano-holes have been obtained. The holes dimensions are between 100nm and 200nm, with different lattice constants in each case. The arrays were furthermore optically characterized, showing uniformity and increased intensity of the out-coming light","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124461990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597854
B. Andd, S. Baelio, V. Sacco, A. Bulsara, V. In
Models and an extensive set of theoretical findings of residence times difference (RTD) fluxgate have been already presented in previous papers. A very simple sensor structure, negligible onboard power requirements and the intrinsic digital form of the readout signal are the main features of the proposed strategy. In this paper we aim to investigate main sources of uncertainty, including noise, and possible strategies to limit their effects on the devices; finally results on noise characterization are presented
{"title":"Noise effects in RTD-fluxgate","authors":"B. Andd, S. Baelio, V. Sacco, A. Bulsara, V. In","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597854","url":null,"abstract":"Models and an extensive set of theoretical findings of residence times difference (RTD) fluxgate have been already presented in previous papers. A very simple sensor structure, negligible onboard power requirements and the intrinsic digital form of the readout signal are the main features of the proposed strategy. In this paper we aim to investigate main sources of uncertainty, including noise, and possible strategies to limit their effects on the devices; finally results on noise characterization are presented","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125945871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597947
J. Wan, B. Fiebor, B. Chin, I. Chen, J. Brigati, V. Petrenko
A new diagnostic probe selected from a landscape phage library was used in combination with a free standing magnetostrictive platform to form a wireless biosensor with quick response and high accuracy. The immobilization of the phage-derived probes leads to a 3D biomolecular recognition layer that captures the target spores multivalently. After the phage-coated biosensors were exposed to suspensions of the target spores, the binding of spores to the sensors resulted in a decrease of the resonant frequency due to the additional mass of the attached spores. Scanning electron microscopy was used to relate the observed frequency changes to the actual number of spores bound to the sensor
{"title":"Landscape phage-based magnetostrictive biosensor for detecting Bacillus anthracis spores","authors":"J. Wan, B. Fiebor, B. Chin, I. Chen, J. Brigati, V. Petrenko","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597947","url":null,"abstract":"A new diagnostic probe selected from a landscape phage library was used in combination with a free standing magnetostrictive platform to form a wireless biosensor with quick response and high accuracy. The immobilization of the phage-derived probes leads to a 3D biomolecular recognition layer that captures the target spores multivalently. After the phage-coated biosensors were exposed to suspensions of the target spores, the binding of spores to the sensors resulted in a decrease of the resonant frequency due to the additional mass of the attached spores. Scanning electron microscopy was used to relate the observed frequency changes to the actual number of spores bound to the sensor","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128426407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597728
J. Kubík, L. Pavel, P. Ripka, P. Kašpar
New PCB (printed circuit board) technology flat fluxgate sensor with integrated coils and amorphous alloy core was developed and its excitation parameters were optimized for low-power consumption. The power consumption achieved with 10 kHz, 300 mA p-p pulse excitation with duty cycle 12.5% was only 3.9 mW, which is 3-times lower than that for sinewave flux density excitation. The sensor sensitivity reached 94 V/T. The required bridge supply voltage was only 0.47 V. The low-cost, low-power sensor has a temperature offset stability of 120 nT in the -20...+70 degC temperature range and 0.17%/degC open-loop sensitivity tempco due to the use of new core embedding technique. The perming error due to 10 mT field shock was suppressed below 1.2 muT
{"title":"Low-power PCB fluxgate sensor","authors":"J. Kubík, L. Pavel, P. Ripka, P. Kašpar","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597728","url":null,"abstract":"New PCB (printed circuit board) technology flat fluxgate sensor with integrated coils and amorphous alloy core was developed and its excitation parameters were optimized for low-power consumption. The power consumption achieved with 10 kHz, 300 mA p-p pulse excitation with duty cycle 12.5% was only 3.9 mW, which is 3-times lower than that for sinewave flux density excitation. The sensor sensitivity reached 94 V/T. The required bridge supply voltage was only 0.47 V. The low-cost, low-power sensor has a temperature offset stability of 120 nT in the -20...+70 degC temperature range and 0.17%/degC open-loop sensitivity tempco due to the use of new core embedding technique. The perming error due to 10 mT field shock was suppressed below 1.2 muT","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129672744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597691
J. Hayes, K. Crowley, D. Diamond
We outline a system that allows simultaneous temperature monitoring on two or more fishing vessels using multiple wireless sensor networks. The distribution of wireless temperature data loggers across a boat with an associated base station results in the fishing vessel being in effect an individual wireless sensor network. The existence of this wireless sensor network allows for real-time temperature monitoring with the temperature information being accessed over the Internet. Previously, Web-based real-time temperature monitoring of fish catches has used single sensor networks to monitor temperature, so a user could only monitor the temperature sensors of a single vessel. The system we outline allows for multiple sensor networks to be integrated and for a user to monitor temperature across two or more of these networks. Furthermore the system uses SMS to send warnings and to monitor recent temperature data. The system is built around a Web server and bespoke wireless data loggers operating over a GSM network
{"title":"Simultaneous Web-based real-time temperature monitoring using multiple wireless sensor networks","authors":"J. Hayes, K. Crowley, D. Diamond","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597691","url":null,"abstract":"We outline a system that allows simultaneous temperature monitoring on two or more fishing vessels using multiple wireless sensor networks. The distribution of wireless temperature data loggers across a boat with an associated base station results in the fishing vessel being in effect an individual wireless sensor network. The existence of this wireless sensor network allows for real-time temperature monitoring with the temperature information being accessed over the Internet. Previously, Web-based real-time temperature monitoring of fish catches has used single sensor networks to monitor temperature, so a user could only monitor the temperature sensors of a single vessel. The system we outline allows for multiple sensor networks to be integrated and for a user to monitor temperature across two or more of these networks. Furthermore the system uses SMS to send warnings and to monitor recent temperature data. The system is built around a Web server and bespoke wireless data loggers operating over a GSM network","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130794344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597828
A. Kolmakov, U. Lanke, J. Shin, S. Jesse, Sergei V. Kalinin, R. Karam
We have tested a range of imaging techniques to address local transport behavior in the working metal oxide nanostructure sensor. In particular, we were using scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM) to dc potential distributions in an operating device. We also have successfully implemented of synchrotron radiation based photoelectron emission spectro-microscopy (PEEM) to explore submicron lateral compositional and electronic (work function) inhomogeneousity in individual nanowire sensor. These results open new avenue to visualize the adsorption / desorption phenomena on individual nanostructure both in real time and at nano- and mesoscopic level
{"title":"Local origins of sensor activity in 1D oxide nanostructures: from spectromicroscopy to device","authors":"A. Kolmakov, U. Lanke, J. Shin, S. Jesse, Sergei V. Kalinin, R. Karam","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597828","url":null,"abstract":"We have tested a range of imaging techniques to address local transport behavior in the working metal oxide nanostructure sensor. In particular, we were using scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM) to dc potential distributions in an operating device. We also have successfully implemented of synchrotron radiation based photoelectron emission spectro-microscopy (PEEM) to explore submicron lateral compositional and electronic (work function) inhomogeneousity in individual nanowire sensor. These results open new avenue to visualize the adsorption / desorption phenomena on individual nanostructure both in real time and at nano- and mesoscopic level","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130489698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597668
Bo Li, S. Santhanam, L. Schultz, M. Jeffries‐EL, M. Iovu, G. Sauvé, J. Cooper, R. Zhang, J. C. Revelli, A. Kusne, T. Kowalewski, L. Weiss, R. D. Mccullough, G. Fedder, D. Lambeth, J. Snyder
New synthesis methods have allowed us to make many semiconducting polythiophenes polymers with different side and end groups. Also, co-polymers combining a polythiophene chain attached to another polymer chain were synthesized. This design freedom brings a new dimensionality to the sensing properties of the materials. Single chip micro sensor resistor arrays, utilizing multiple polymers, were fabricated and then tested in an automated system. The sensors demonstrated ppm level sensitivity to various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including both polar and non-polar materials. Polymers with different chemical structures show strong selectivity to different VOCs. By applying pattern recognition algorithms, the sensor response clearly discriminates between the tested VOCs allowing us to conjecture as to the role molecular modification have in determining response to specific VOCs
{"title":"Volatile organic compound discrimination using nanostructured polythiophene sensors","authors":"Bo Li, S. Santhanam, L. Schultz, M. Jeffries‐EL, M. Iovu, G. Sauvé, J. Cooper, R. Zhang, J. C. Revelli, A. Kusne, T. Kowalewski, L. Weiss, R. D. Mccullough, G. Fedder, D. Lambeth, J. Snyder","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597668","url":null,"abstract":"New synthesis methods have allowed us to make many semiconducting polythiophenes polymers with different side and end groups. Also, co-polymers combining a polythiophene chain attached to another polymer chain were synthesized. This design freedom brings a new dimensionality to the sensing properties of the materials. Single chip micro sensor resistor arrays, utilizing multiple polymers, were fabricated and then tested in an automated system. The sensors demonstrated ppm level sensitivity to various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including both polar and non-polar materials. Polymers with different chemical structures show strong selectivity to different VOCs. By applying pattern recognition algorithms, the sensor response clearly discriminates between the tested VOCs allowing us to conjecture as to the role molecular modification have in determining response to specific VOCs","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131748312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597849
S.-H.M. Liu, L. Lee, D. Wilson
Improvements to a comprehensive simulation program, simulated LED aggregation program (SLAP), for the design and optimization of fluorescence analysis systems have been implemented. The inclusion of excitation and emission filters in SLAP enables the user increased flexibility in designing a fluorescence analysis system to be implemented in a modular LED-based architecture. Improvements to the program allow the user to consider the sample, optical path, and filters in the optimization of the two primary characteristics of the emission signal (total signal strength and spectral overlap or interference with the excitation signal). Representative results using EGFP as the targeted fluorophore and an XF100-2 Omega Optics filter set demonstrate a 99.7% improvement in interference with only a 70% loss in total emission signal. SLAP pinpoints the optimal trade-off between total signal and interference (noise) in a comprehensive analysis of potential system configurations to meet targeted fluorescence analysis instrumentation needs
{"title":"Impact of filters in the simulation and optimization of fluorescence analysis instrumentation: SLAP","authors":"S.-H.M. Liu, L. Lee, D. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597849","url":null,"abstract":"Improvements to a comprehensive simulation program, simulated LED aggregation program (SLAP), for the design and optimization of fluorescence analysis systems have been implemented. The inclusion of excitation and emission filters in SLAP enables the user increased flexibility in designing a fluorescence analysis system to be implemented in a modular LED-based architecture. Improvements to the program allow the user to consider the sample, optical path, and filters in the optimization of the two primary characteristics of the emission signal (total signal strength and spectral overlap or interference with the excitation signal). Representative results using EGFP as the targeted fluorophore and an XF100-2 Omega Optics filter set demonstrate a 99.7% improvement in interference with only a 70% loss in total emission signal. SLAP pinpoints the optimal trade-off between total signal and interference (noise) in a comprehensive analysis of potential system configurations to meet targeted fluorescence analysis instrumentation needs","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121093151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597721
W. Chan Yet, U. Qidwai
An obstacle avoidance system was developed for a custom-made autonomous navigational robotic vehicle (ANROV), based on an intelligent sensor network and fuzzy logic control. Unlike conventional crisp control systems, this system is based on soft computing, such that the system mimics human decision making processes and can better recognize obstacles and decide the best course of action. The fuzzy logic control system was developed in MATLAB, the GUI was designed in LabView, and the hardware realization was installed in ANROV for evaluation and development
{"title":"Intelligent sensor network for obstacle avoidance strategy","authors":"W. Chan Yet, U. Qidwai","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597721","url":null,"abstract":"An obstacle avoidance system was developed for a custom-made autonomous navigational robotic vehicle (ANROV), based on an intelligent sensor network and fuzzy logic control. Unlike conventional crisp control systems, this system is based on soft computing, such that the system mimics human decision making processes and can better recognize obstacles and decide the best course of action. The fuzzy logic control system was developed in MATLAB, the GUI was designed in LabView, and the hardware realization was installed in ANROV for evaluation and development","PeriodicalId":119985,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors, 2005.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121142545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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