Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1177/00145858231170199
Roberta Carpani
{"title":"Book review: Gianni Cicali, Teatro ed eresia nel Settecento italiano","authors":"Roberta Carpani","doi":"10.1177/00145858231170199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231170199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49394417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1177/00145858231166913
Alessandro Del Ponte
Tackling COVID-19 requires universal collective action: everyone must play their part to reduce the spread of the virus and quell the pandemic. Yet, some people obstinately refuse to cooperate, irrespective of the consequences for themselves and others. In this note, I illustrate a key element of human psychology that hampers cooperation amid the pandemic: deontological moral intuitions. Deontological morality prescribes that moral taboos must be followed no matter the consequences. This means that people who consider Covid vaccines a moral taboo are prepared to suffer virtually any consequence rather than take the vaccine. I discuss the evolutionary basis of deontological intuitions, their implications for cooperation, and consider possible solutions. In conclusion, although not always harmful, deontological moral intuitions against Covid measures -and vaccines in particular- are a major obstacle that stands in the way of successful collective action during the pandemic.
{"title":"Join or die: How deontological moral intuitions complicate cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Alessandro Del Ponte","doi":"10.1177/00145858231166913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231166913","url":null,"abstract":"Tackling COVID-19 requires universal collective action: everyone must play their part to reduce the spread of the virus and quell the pandemic. Yet, some people obstinately refuse to cooperate, irrespective of the consequences for themselves and others. In this note, I illustrate a key element of human psychology that hampers cooperation amid the pandemic: deontological moral intuitions. Deontological morality prescribes that moral taboos must be followed no matter the consequences. This means that people who consider Covid vaccines a moral taboo are prepared to suffer virtually any consequence rather than take the vaccine. I discuss the evolutionary basis of deontological intuitions, their implications for cooperation, and consider possible solutions. In conclusion, although not always harmful, deontological moral intuitions against Covid measures -and vaccines in particular- are a major obstacle that stands in the way of successful collective action during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44512297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1177/00145858231168356
Joseph Francese
nella drammaturgia di Trinchera è proprio il bagaglio performativo dell’Improvvisa che va a fecondare la scrittura comica musicale, in modo tale che l’esito abbia caratteri anfibi. Non è un caso, d’altro canto, che si tratti di testi destinati a interpreti capaci di calarsi con uguale perizia e versatilità nei diversi generi teatrali, fossero comici o fossero attori-cantanti. D’altro canto, la rilettura proposta da Cicali produce uno scarto interpretativo: mentre non enfatizza i soggetti apparentemente eretici dei testi del notaio-drammaturgo, né avvalla l’idea che si tratti di testi anticlericali, ne mette in luce le valenze metateatrali e la volontà di costituire “un manifesto del teatro dialettale napoletano”. Anche l’ultimo drammaturgo approfondito nel volume è studiato nella prospettiva di un’analisi testuale strettamente connessa all’osservazione e alla ricostruzione dei contesti. Nella scrittura teatrale di Francesco Ringhieri si ritrovano alcune delle linee già evidenziate: una drammaturgia recepita tanto sulle scene pubbliche quanto nelle pratiche private, aristocratiche, di collegio, di conventi e monasteri; la composizione di testi di grande successo, interpretati da attori-cantanti dotati di una doppia competenza performativa; in ultima analisi una produzione scenica che è modellata in funzione della resa spettacolare e della materialità della scena. Il monaco olivetano si rivela dunque figura incisiva anche per la presa di posizione teorica a favore della riforma del teatro, e il suo profilo contribuisce ad articolare la nostra conoscenza della complessità e della stratificazione delle pratiche teatrali del secondo Settecento in Italia.
{"title":"Book review: Fabio Vander, Il Congresso e la scissione: Gramsci e la nascita del comunismo italiano","authors":"Joseph Francese","doi":"10.1177/00145858231168356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231168356","url":null,"abstract":"nella drammaturgia di Trinchera è proprio il bagaglio performativo dell’Improvvisa che va a fecondare la scrittura comica musicale, in modo tale che l’esito abbia caratteri anfibi. Non è un caso, d’altro canto, che si tratti di testi destinati a interpreti capaci di calarsi con uguale perizia e versatilità nei diversi generi teatrali, fossero comici o fossero attori-cantanti. D’altro canto, la rilettura proposta da Cicali produce uno scarto interpretativo: mentre non enfatizza i soggetti apparentemente eretici dei testi del notaio-drammaturgo, né avvalla l’idea che si tratti di testi anticlericali, ne mette in luce le valenze metateatrali e la volontà di costituire “un manifesto del teatro dialettale napoletano”. Anche l’ultimo drammaturgo approfondito nel volume è studiato nella prospettiva di un’analisi testuale strettamente connessa all’osservazione e alla ricostruzione dei contesti. Nella scrittura teatrale di Francesco Ringhieri si ritrovano alcune delle linee già evidenziate: una drammaturgia recepita tanto sulle scene pubbliche quanto nelle pratiche private, aristocratiche, di collegio, di conventi e monasteri; la composizione di testi di grande successo, interpretati da attori-cantanti dotati di una doppia competenza performativa; in ultima analisi una produzione scenica che è modellata in funzione della resa spettacolare e della materialità della scena. Il monaco olivetano si rivela dunque figura incisiva anche per la presa di posizione teorica a favore della riforma del teatro, e il suo profilo contribuisce ad articolare la nostra conoscenza della complessità e della stratificazione delle pratiche teatrali del secondo Settecento in Italia.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42448006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1177/00145858231168649
Cinzia Gallo
Nei vari episodi che compongono Le parole sono pietre, il volto variegato della Sicilia appare nella sua veste più autentica. All’episodio incentrato sul signor Impellitteri, con cui rivive il mito americano, fanno da contraltare la situazione della zolfara di Lercara Friddi, in cui i minatori, privi di qualsiasi diritto, imboccano la strada dell’associazionismo, e la descrizione coloristica di Palermo, con gli scheletri delle catacombe che mostrano “una disseccata uguaglianza”. Nella seconda parte, le immagini coloristiche sono funzionali, invece, a mettere in rilievo la stratificazione culturale della Sicilia. Più originale è la terza parte, in cui la vita di Salvatore Carnevale è rievocata attraverso una prosa in cui si intrecciano registro aulico e registro colloquiale, periodi brevi, paratattici, e periodi complessi, ricchi di subordinate o ellittici del verbo. Se, dunque, possono apparire spontanei i collegamenti, per il contenuto, con L’olivo e l’olivastro di Consolo, sotto l’aspetto formale Levi si mostra unico.
{"title":"La Sicilia di Carlo Levi fra mito e realtà","authors":"Cinzia Gallo","doi":"10.1177/00145858231168649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231168649","url":null,"abstract":"Nei vari episodi che compongono Le parole sono pietre, il volto variegato della Sicilia appare nella sua veste più autentica. All’episodio incentrato sul signor Impellitteri, con cui rivive il mito americano, fanno da contraltare la situazione della zolfara di Lercara Friddi, in cui i minatori, privi di qualsiasi diritto, imboccano la strada dell’associazionismo, e la descrizione coloristica di Palermo, con gli scheletri delle catacombe che mostrano “una disseccata uguaglianza”. Nella seconda parte, le immagini coloristiche sono funzionali, invece, a mettere in rilievo la stratificazione culturale della Sicilia. Più originale è la terza parte, in cui la vita di Salvatore Carnevale è rievocata attraverso una prosa in cui si intrecciano registro aulico e registro colloquiale, periodi brevi, paratattici, e periodi complessi, ricchi di subordinate o ellittici del verbo. Se, dunque, possono apparire spontanei i collegamenti, per il contenuto, con L’olivo e l’olivastro di Consolo, sotto l’aspetto formale Levi si mostra unico.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48647692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1177/00145858231161629
Francesca Cavarocchi
This article reconstructs the steps that, starting in 1928–1929, led to the planning of Italo Balbo's most famous transatlantic flights. These events were characterized by a narrative that addressed different domestic and international audiences and used a multimedia communication strategy.
{"title":"My air Armada: Italo Balbo's transatlantic flights as a multimedia storytelling machine","authors":"Francesca Cavarocchi","doi":"10.1177/00145858231161629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231161629","url":null,"abstract":"This article reconstructs the steps that, starting in 1928–1929, led to the planning of Italo Balbo's most famous transatlantic flights. These events were characterized by a narrative that addressed different domestic and international audiences and used a multimedia communication strategy.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45821050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1177/00145858231161635
S. Luconi
Studies have highlighted the role of fascism in shaping Italian immigrants in the United States and their progeny into a pressure group that influenced Washington's foreign policy to the benefit of Italy. That interpretation has drawn primarily on Italian Americans’ mobilization to prevent the US Congress from passing sanctions against Mussolini's regime during the Ethiopian War and to financially support that colonial venture. Yet, fascism initially hesitated to resort to Italian Americans’ lobbying potential. The exploitation of their political clout implied the newcomers’ acquisition of US citizenship and their children's disavowal of their parents’ nationality. This course of action apparently conflicted with the retention of the immigrants’ allegiance to the homeland and, consequently, met the opposition of Fascist ideologues in Italy and of leaders of the fasci in the United States. Furthermore, contrary to conventional scholarly wisdom, Mussolini's regime conceived nothing new when it urged Italian Americans to mobilize politically and forged them into a pro-Fascist lobby. Rather, it replicated a strategy that Vittorio Rolandi Ricci, the last Liberal ambassador in Washington, had already envisaged.
{"title":"The Italian Americans’ pro-fascist lobby in the United States: Continuities and discontinuities with the liberal regime","authors":"S. Luconi","doi":"10.1177/00145858231161635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231161635","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have highlighted the role of fascism in shaping Italian immigrants in the United States and their progeny into a pressure group that influenced Washington's foreign policy to the benefit of Italy. That interpretation has drawn primarily on Italian Americans’ mobilization to prevent the US Congress from passing sanctions against Mussolini's regime during the Ethiopian War and to financially support that colonial venture. Yet, fascism initially hesitated to resort to Italian Americans’ lobbying potential. The exploitation of their political clout implied the newcomers’ acquisition of US citizenship and their children's disavowal of their parents’ nationality. This course of action apparently conflicted with the retention of the immigrants’ allegiance to the homeland and, consequently, met the opposition of Fascist ideologues in Italy and of leaders of the fasci in the United States. Furthermore, contrary to conventional scholarly wisdom, Mussolini's regime conceived nothing new when it urged Italian Americans to mobilize politically and forged them into a pro-Fascist lobby. Rather, it replicated a strategy that Vittorio Rolandi Ricci, the last Liberal ambassador in Washington, had already envisaged.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46339109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1177/00145858231161633
M. Marazzi
In its twenty years of publication, the Italian-language, New York-based weekly magazine Divagando (1943–1963) showcased – in its very diversified columns, in its eye-catching covers and layout, in its advertising campaigns – the lure and snare of modern times and the characteristic energy of the post-WWII period. At the same time, the keen attention to a wide public of immigrant background translated into a distinct Italian accent, which proved particularly noteworthy in the offer of bicultural literary products – from Manzoni to Faulkner – and of fiction aimed at a readership of “new” Italian ethnic women.
{"title":"Un’altra casa I. La proposta culturale per l’emigrazione italoamericana di Divagando (1943–63)","authors":"M. Marazzi","doi":"10.1177/00145858231161633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231161633","url":null,"abstract":"In its twenty years of publication, the Italian-language, New York-based weekly magazine Divagando (1943–1963) showcased – in its very diversified columns, in its eye-catching covers and layout, in its advertising campaigns – the lure and snare of modern times and the characteristic energy of the post-WWII period. At the same time, the keen attention to a wide public of immigrant background translated into a distinct Italian accent, which proved particularly noteworthy in the offer of bicultural literary products – from Manzoni to Faulkner – and of fiction aimed at a readership of “new” Italian ethnic women.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47891028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1177/00145858231161634
Matteo Pasetti
In the era between the two world wars, the spread of corporatist laws and institutions in many countries, flourishing mostly in the 1930s, was marked by a transnational hybridization of projects and experiences. Against this background, the Italian corporatist state became a milestone for many intellectuals and politicians not only in Europe but also on the American continent. This article deals with the transatlantic influence of the corporatist Fascist laboratory, focusing on the reception of this political option and the debate about it in New Deal's United States. In particular, some case studies will be considered to observe how corporatism was a key factor in legitimizing Fascism even in democratic circles, despite the criticisms of the Italian regime from anti-fascists in exile. In USA, in fact, the impact of the Great Depression increased the popularity of this alternative, partly because Italy seemed less affected by the economic crisis than other states. While in the 1920s the Fascist corporatist experiment had drawn the attention of some secondary intellectuals, in the 1930s it became a matter of reflection even within President Franklin Roosevelt's progressive entourage. For example, economist Rexford Tugwell wrote in his diary that Italian corporatist order was “The cleanest, neatest, most effectively operating piece of social machinery I’ve ever seen. It makes me envious.”
{"title":"“The cleanest, neatest, most effectively operating piece of social machinery I’ve ever seen”: On the reception of Fascist corporatism in the USA","authors":"Matteo Pasetti","doi":"10.1177/00145858231161634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231161634","url":null,"abstract":"In the era between the two world wars, the spread of corporatist laws and institutions in many countries, flourishing mostly in the 1930s, was marked by a transnational hybridization of projects and experiences. Against this background, the Italian corporatist state became a milestone for many intellectuals and politicians not only in Europe but also on the American continent. This article deals with the transatlantic influence of the corporatist Fascist laboratory, focusing on the reception of this political option and the debate about it in New Deal's United States. In particular, some case studies will be considered to observe how corporatism was a key factor in legitimizing Fascism even in democratic circles, despite the criticisms of the Italian regime from anti-fascists in exile. In USA, in fact, the impact of the Great Depression increased the popularity of this alternative, partly because Italy seemed less affected by the economic crisis than other states. While in the 1920s the Fascist corporatist experiment had drawn the attention of some secondary intellectuals, in the 1930s it became a matter of reflection even within President Franklin Roosevelt's progressive entourage. For example, economist Rexford Tugwell wrote in his diary that Italian corporatist order was “The cleanest, neatest, most effectively operating piece of social machinery I’ve ever seen. It makes me envious.”","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46448934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1177/00145858231161630
David Ward
This is an introduction to the articles that form the special issue on fascism in Italy and the USA in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s.
这是对20世纪20年代、30年代和40年代意大利和美国法西斯主义特刊的文章的介绍。
{"title":"“Dalle due sponde: Fascisms in Italy and the USA”: Then and now","authors":"David Ward","doi":"10.1177/00145858231161630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145858231161630","url":null,"abstract":"This is an introduction to the articles that form the special issue on fascism in Italy and the USA in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s.","PeriodicalId":12355,"journal":{"name":"Forum Italicum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48764164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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