Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0536
Shrikrushna M. Khambalkar, Aishwarya D. Ghuge, Swati P. Deshmukh, Krushna P. Jadhav, Roshan V. Jaiswal, Amit A. Khune
Niosomes are the multilamellar vesicles structure of non-ionic surfactant. Niosomes act as a drug carrier in drug delivery system. Niosomes improved the therapeutic performance of encapsulated drug molecules by protecting the drug from host biological environments resulting in their delayed clearance. In this present review article, we concentrate on the drug Niosomes which is a normal approach for drug delivery system. The niosomes have become the area of interest in the drug delivery system their advantage one liposomes in the field of drug delivery system for being non-toxic makes them more suitable for drug delivery system. Their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic, lipophilic drugs simultaneously has increased its demand in the present scenario. Niosomes are vesicles made up of non-ionic surfactant, which are biodegradable, nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive and have ability to substitute liposomes but they also flexibility in the route of administration Thus, in the present articles more focus is made on the development method of niosomes which is used as a novel approach in present scenario So, Niosomes as a drug carrier is of greater Importance in the pharmaceutical field
{"title":"Niosomes: A targeted drug delivery system","authors":"Shrikrushna M. Khambalkar, Aishwarya D. Ghuge, Swati P. Deshmukh, Krushna P. Jadhav, Roshan V. Jaiswal, Amit A. Khune","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0536","url":null,"abstract":"Niosomes are the multilamellar vesicles structure of non-ionic surfactant. Niosomes act as a drug carrier in drug delivery system. Niosomes improved the therapeutic performance of encapsulated drug molecules by protecting the drug from host biological environments resulting in their delayed clearance. In this present review article, we concentrate on the drug Niosomes which is a normal approach for drug delivery system. The niosomes have become the area of interest in the drug delivery system their advantage one liposomes in the field of drug delivery system for being non-toxic makes them more suitable for drug delivery system. Their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic, lipophilic drugs simultaneously has increased its demand in the present scenario. Niosomes are vesicles made up of non-ionic surfactant, which are biodegradable, nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive and have ability to substitute liposomes but they also flexibility in the route of administration Thus, in the present articles more focus is made on the development method of niosomes which is used as a novel approach in present scenario So, Niosomes as a drug carrier is of greater Importance in the pharmaceutical field","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0543
Ezekiel E. Ben, Asuquo E. Asuquo, Okon, I. Asuquo, Titilope H. Olatunbosun
Hyperglycemia induced alterations in red blood cell parameters are associated with cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to investigate abnormalities in red blood cell parameters and changes due to aspirin and meloxicam administrations in diabetic rats. Thirty-six (36) healthy male Wistar rats weighting 150-200g were used for the study. The animals were randomly distributed into six groups of six rats each. Group 1 and 2 respectively served as control and diabetic groups administered with 5 ml/kg body weight of distilled water orally. Groups 3 and 4 were diabetic rats treated with aspirin and meloxicam at 30 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg body weight respectively. A combined administration of aspirin and meloxicam at their respective doses with 130mg/kg body weight of Terminalia catappa extract was in groups 5 and 6. The results showed that RBC count, PCV, HGB and MCV were reduced significantly (p<0.05) in diabetic group but significantly (p<0.05) increased in aspirin, meloxicam and in combined extract treated groups of diabetic rats. Therefore, diabetic induced alterations in red blood cell parameters which maybe attributed to inflammation were reversed by aspirin and meloxicam. Co-administration of these NSAID with T. catappa leaf extract would enhance their safety use in prevention of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Aspirin and meloxicam co-administration with leaf extract of Terminalia catappa; prevention of red blood cell related cardiovascular complications in alloxan induced diabetic rats","authors":"Ezekiel E. Ben, Asuquo E. Asuquo, Okon, I. Asuquo, Titilope H. Olatunbosun","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0543","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperglycemia induced alterations in red blood cell parameters are associated with cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to investigate abnormalities in red blood cell parameters and changes due to aspirin and meloxicam administrations in diabetic rats. Thirty-six (36) healthy male Wistar rats weighting 150-200g were used for the study. The animals were randomly distributed into six groups of six rats each. Group 1 and 2 respectively served as control and diabetic groups administered with 5 ml/kg body weight of distilled water orally. Groups 3 and 4 were diabetic rats treated with aspirin and meloxicam at 30 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg body weight respectively. A combined administration of aspirin and meloxicam at their respective doses with 130mg/kg body weight of Terminalia catappa extract was in groups 5 and 6. The results showed that RBC count, PCV, HGB and MCV were reduced significantly (p<0.05) in diabetic group but significantly (p<0.05) increased in aspirin, meloxicam and in combined extract treated groups of diabetic rats. Therefore, diabetic induced alterations in red blood cell parameters which maybe attributed to inflammation were reversed by aspirin and meloxicam. Co-administration of these NSAID with T. catappa leaf extract would enhance their safety use in prevention of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"9 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0027
Olabode Martins Olabintan, Yusuf Adekola Wahab, Nurain Kehinde Ahmed
Plants are endowed with numerous phytochemicals and bioactive compounds which have been explored and reported to possess therapeutic potential against different diseases. The aim of this review paper is to explore the anticancer potential of Boswellia serrata. Cancer is known to be a burden on the global healthcare system while Boswellia serrata has been reported to possess numerous bioactive compounds with anticancer effects. Therefore, there is a need to further assess the applicability of Boswellia serrata as an anticancer. The included studies for review were accessed via online databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar with specified inclusion and exclusion criteria to guide the study selection process. Following a critical content analysis, it was found that Boswellia serrata possesses numerous bioactive compounds with anti-proliferative, cell cycle inhibitory, apoptosis, anti-metastatic, and anti-tumor effect. In conclusion, Boswellia serrata holds a great potential in the treatment of cancer and can be a potent tool in the ongoing fight against cancer; however, further studies are essential to understand the mechanism of actions of specific bioactive compounds identified in Boswellia serrata.
植物中蕴含着大量的植物化学物质和生物活性化合物，据研究和报道，它们具有治疗不同疾病的潜力。本综述旨在探讨乳香的抗癌潜力。众所周知，癌症是全球医疗保健系统的负担，而据报道，乳香具有多种具有抗癌作用的生物活性化合物。因此，有必要进一步评估乳香作为抗癌药物的适用性。我们通过 Scopus、PubMed 和 Google scholar 等在线数据库获取了纳入审查的研究，并制定了明确的纳入和排除标准，以指导研究的筛选过程。经过严格的内容分析，我们发现血清乳香具有多种生物活性化合物，具有抗增殖、细胞周期抑制、细胞凋亡、抗转移和抗肿瘤作用。总之，乳香具有治疗癌症的巨大潜力，可以成为抗击癌症的有力工具；但是，要了解乳香中已发现的特定生物活性化合物的作用机制，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Exploring the anticancer potential of Boswellia serrata: A comprehensive review","authors":"Olabode Martins Olabintan, Yusuf Adekola Wahab, Nurain Kehinde Ahmed","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are endowed with numerous phytochemicals and bioactive compounds which have been explored and reported to possess therapeutic potential against different diseases. The aim of this review paper is to explore the anticancer potential of Boswellia serrata. Cancer is known to be a burden on the global healthcare system while Boswellia serrata has been reported to possess numerous bioactive compounds with anticancer effects. Therefore, there is a need to further assess the applicability of Boswellia serrata as an anticancer. The included studies for review were accessed via online databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar with specified inclusion and exclusion criteria to guide the study selection process. Following a critical content analysis, it was found that Boswellia serrata possesses numerous bioactive compounds with anti-proliferative, cell cycle inhibitory, apoptosis, anti-metastatic, and anti-tumor effect. In conclusion, Boswellia serrata holds a great potential in the treatment of cancer and can be a potent tool in the ongoing fight against cancer; however, further studies are essential to understand the mechanism of actions of specific bioactive compounds identified in Boswellia serrata.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"173 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0030
Emmanuel Chuks Oranu, Esther Oluchukwu Eze, Adanna Ijeawele, Chisom George Obidimma, Belinda Chinecherem Umeh, Perpetua Chinonyelum Ejezie, IC Uzochukwu
Corona-viruses (CoVs), a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses, can infect animals and also humans, causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and neurologic disease. As the largest known RNA viruses, they are further divided into four genera: alpha-coronavirus, beta- corona- virus, gamma-corona virus and delta-coronavirus. SARS-CoV-2 belong to genus betacoronavirus. The viral genome of SARS-CoV-2 codes 4 major structural proteins: the nucleocapsid (N) protein, the transmembrane (M) protein, the envelope (E) protein, and the spike (S) protein. It also encodes 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) and 9 accessory proteins required for replication and pathogenesis. The Molecular docking simulations was used to determine the binding affinities of Ivermectin, Moxidectin and Molnupiravir against NSP13 receptor of SARS-CoV-2. The experimental crystal structures of the receptor was obtained from the protein data bank (PDB). The receptor was prepared using Chimera-1.10.1 and AutoDock tools-1.5.6. The 3D structure of the selected approved drugs and the reference ligand was obtained from PDB and Drugbank and prepared using AutoDock tools-1.5.6. Validation of docking protocol was done by reproducing the PDB crystal structures insilico. Molecular docking simulations were performed using AutoDockVina-4.2.6 on the Linux operating system (ubuntu) 20.04. Then the docking results were analysed and visualized using Pymol-2.3.0. Molecular dynamics of the frontrunners with the reference ligand and protein was done in 10000 ps. Moxidectin, molnupiravir and Ivermectin showed high binding affinities to the receptors. Moxidectin and Ivermectin showed stability after molecular dynamics simulation to further validate the claim. These drugs are predicted as possible antivirals in the treatment of Covid-19.
{"title":"Validation of the binding affinities and stabilities of ivermectin and moxidectin against Sars-CoV-2 receptors using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Emmanuel Chuks Oranu, Esther Oluchukwu Eze, Adanna Ijeawele, Chisom George Obidimma, Belinda Chinecherem Umeh, Perpetua Chinonyelum Ejezie, IC Uzochukwu","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Corona-viruses (CoVs), a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses, can infect animals and also humans, causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and neurologic disease. As the largest known RNA viruses, they are further divided into four genera: alpha-coronavirus, beta- corona- virus, gamma-corona virus and delta-coronavirus. SARS-CoV-2 belong to genus betacoronavirus. The viral genome of SARS-CoV-2 codes 4 major structural proteins: the nucleocapsid (N) protein, the transmembrane (M) protein, the envelope (E) protein, and the spike (S) protein. It also encodes 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) and 9 accessory proteins required for replication and pathogenesis. The Molecular docking simulations was used to determine the binding affinities of Ivermectin, Moxidectin and Molnupiravir against NSP13 receptor of SARS-CoV-2. The experimental crystal structures of the receptor was obtained from the protein data bank (PDB). The receptor was prepared using Chimera-1.10.1 and AutoDock tools-1.5.6. The 3D structure of the selected approved drugs and the reference ligand was obtained from PDB and Drugbank and prepared using AutoDock tools-1.5.6. Validation of docking protocol was done by reproducing the PDB crystal structures insilico. Molecular docking simulations were performed using AutoDockVina-4.2.6 on the Linux operating system (ubuntu) 20.04. Then the docking results were analysed and visualized using Pymol-2.3.0. Molecular dynamics of the frontrunners with the reference ligand and protein was done in 10000 ps. Moxidectin, molnupiravir and Ivermectin showed high binding affinities to the receptors. Moxidectin and Ivermectin showed stability after molecular dynamics simulation to further validate the claim. These drugs are predicted as possible antivirals in the treatment of Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"233 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0022
Emmanuel Owusu, Edward Debrah-Wiafe, Emmanuel Appaw Larbi, Nicholas Apreh-Siaw, Faustina Ahwireng, Christopher Amoah, Bernice Amoah
The aim of the study was to investigate gender variations in the sources of information and knowledge about COVID-19. The study took place in Okere District, Akuapem South District, and Akuapem North Municipal Assemblies in the Eastern Region of Ghana. A convenient sampling method was employed to select 800 participants, who were given a self-designed questionnaire on COVID-19 knowledge (SMQKC). The hypothesis posited that there would be no significant difference in information sources, knowledge of causes and transmission, symptoms, prevention and control, and other management protocols of COVID-19 between males and females in the urban areas of the studied Municipal and District Assemblies (MDAs). The results revealed that social media and radio were the two main sources of information on COVID-19, and the difference in information sources between males and females was statistically significant. An independent t-test indicated a significant difference in knowledge of causes and transmission, symptoms, prevention and control, and other management measures between males and females regarding COVID-19 at a 95% confidence interval. The study suggests, among other things, a targeted effort to disseminate information on diseases, particularly COVID-19, to females, considering their gender roles that bring them closer to risks associated with infectious diseases compared to their male counterparts.
{"title":"Gender discrepancies in sources of information and COVID-19 pandemic knowledge: Insight from some districts and municipalities in Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel Owusu, Edward Debrah-Wiafe, Emmanuel Appaw Larbi, Nicholas Apreh-Siaw, Faustina Ahwireng, Christopher Amoah, Bernice Amoah","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0022","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate gender variations in the sources of information and knowledge about COVID-19. The study took place in Okere District, Akuapem South District, and Akuapem North Municipal Assemblies in the Eastern Region of Ghana. A convenient sampling method was employed to select 800 participants, who were given a self-designed questionnaire on COVID-19 knowledge (SMQKC). The hypothesis posited that there would be no significant difference in information sources, knowledge of causes and transmission, symptoms, prevention and control, and other management protocols of COVID-19 between males and females in the urban areas of the studied Municipal and District Assemblies (MDAs). The results revealed that social media and radio were the two main sources of information on COVID-19, and the difference in information sources between males and females was statistically significant. An independent t-test indicated a significant difference in knowledge of causes and transmission, symptoms, prevention and control, and other management measures between males and females regarding COVID-19 at a 95% confidence interval. The study suggests, among other things, a targeted effort to disseminate information on diseases, particularly COVID-19, to females, considering their gender roles that bring them closer to risks associated with infectious diseases compared to their male counterparts.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"207 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0014
Mu’awiya Baba Aminu, Yisa Adeniyi Abolade, A. Adegoke, Samuel Mensah Noi, Chisom Maureen Nwoye, Omolade Ajayi, Onah Kyrian, Berther Onyenachi Akagbue, Tasha Siame, Adeyemi Adeesan Bamidele
With time, mosquitoes have grown to pose a severe threat to human health. Thus, the necessity to provide a sustainable solution to the mosquito problem in our environment emerges. Using mosquito coils and other locally produced ones has been documented in previous research. There is a health danger from mosquito coil smoke. Severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, respiratory issues, and exacerbation of asthmatic patients' respiratory symptoms have been reported as a consequence. Although numerous methods of mosquito control exist, an affordable, long-term solution still has to be created. The research goal was to use locally available plant materials in distant places to create a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly herbal insect repellent. Orange sweet peels are used to extract oil, which is then followed by material shrinkage and distillation. The two most common chemical components found in orange peels are limonene and linalool molecules. These findings suggest that the essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel may possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties, making it a highly efficient spray-on mosquito repellant for a variety of mosquito species.
{"title":"Promoting health: Introducing an eco-friendly herbal mosquito repellent extracted from local sweet orange peels","authors":"Mu’awiya Baba Aminu, Yisa Adeniyi Abolade, A. Adegoke, Samuel Mensah Noi, Chisom Maureen Nwoye, Omolade Ajayi, Onah Kyrian, Berther Onyenachi Akagbue, Tasha Siame, Adeyemi Adeesan Bamidele","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"With time, mosquitoes have grown to pose a severe threat to human health. Thus, the necessity to provide a sustainable solution to the mosquito problem in our environment emerges. Using mosquito coils and other locally produced ones has been documented in previous research. There is a health danger from mosquito coil smoke. Severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, respiratory issues, and exacerbation of asthmatic patients' respiratory symptoms have been reported as a consequence. Although numerous methods of mosquito control exist, an affordable, long-term solution still has to be created. The research goal was to use locally available plant materials in distant places to create a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly herbal insect repellent. Orange sweet peels are used to extract oil, which is then followed by material shrinkage and distillation. The two most common chemical components found in orange peels are limonene and linalool molecules. These findings suggest that the essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel may possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties, making it a highly efficient spray-on mosquito repellant for a variety of mosquito species.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"90 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0021
Daniel Ikechukwu Oraekei, Peter Chibueze Ihekwereme, Chukwuka Benjamin Uzodinma, Onyeka Chinwuba Obidiegwu, Marcellus Ejike Nnamani, Nnamdi Markben Adione
Hepatic and renal function tests are done to indicate how well the liver and kidneys are working. Parameters been tested include serum concentration of alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine among others. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of singly and combined administration of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum on hepatic and renal functions. The herbs were extracted with ethanol. A total of 40 female Wister rats were grouped into eight (n=5). Group 1 was treated with distilled water and served as control; group 2 was treated with 530 mg/kg body weight of Zingiber officinale and group 3 treated with the same dose of Alliun sativum. Groups 4-8 were treated with different ratios of Z;A (Zingiber officinale: Allium sativum). On the 91st day of treatment, blood samples were collected from all the rats and analyzed for the parameters. Zingiber officinale decreased all the tested parameters significantly (P ˂ 0.05) when compared with group 1. Allium sativum on the contrary increased the parameters except for creatinine where it showed no activity. The combination of the two herbs reduced the concentration of the parameters but the reduction was only significant (P ˂ 0.05) when the proportion of Zingiber officinale was greater. In conclusion, only monotherapy of Zingiber officinale protected the liver and kidneys from damage; and if these herbs must be used together for enhanced liver and kidney health, the ration Z:A = 8:2 in which the proportion of Zingiber officinale is more should be recommended.
{"title":"Evaluation of the protective effects of co-administered Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum ethanol extracts on hepatic and renal functions using female Wister rat modelsDaniel Ikechukwu Oraekei *, Peter Chibueze Ihekwereme, Chukwuka Benjamin Uzodinma,","authors":"Daniel Ikechukwu Oraekei, Peter Chibueze Ihekwereme, Chukwuka Benjamin Uzodinma, Onyeka Chinwuba Obidiegwu, Marcellus Ejike Nnamani, Nnamdi Markben Adione","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic and renal function tests are done to indicate how well the liver and kidneys are working. Parameters been tested include serum concentration of alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine among others. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of singly and combined administration of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum on hepatic and renal functions. The herbs were extracted with ethanol. A total of 40 female Wister rats were grouped into eight (n=5). Group 1 was treated with distilled water and served as control; group 2 was treated with 530 mg/kg body weight of Zingiber officinale and group 3 treated with the same dose of Alliun sativum. Groups 4-8 were treated with different ratios of Z;A (Zingiber officinale: Allium sativum). On the 91st day of treatment, blood samples were collected from all the rats and analyzed for the parameters. Zingiber officinale decreased all the tested parameters significantly (P ˂ 0.05) when compared with group 1. Allium sativum on the contrary increased the parameters except for creatinine where it showed no activity. The combination of the two herbs reduced the concentration of the parameters but the reduction was only significant (P ˂ 0.05) when the proportion of Zingiber officinale was greater. In conclusion, only monotherapy of Zingiber officinale protected the liver and kidneys from damage; and if these herbs must be used together for enhanced liver and kidney health, the ration Z:A = 8:2 in which the proportion of Zingiber officinale is more should be recommended.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"177 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0554
Sulaiman N Depamede, Made Sriasih, Nurul Azizah
Rabies is a strategic infectious animal disease that attacks the central nervous system. It is a serious public health problem in developing countries, especially in Asia. Approximately 59,000 human deaths occur due to rabies annually. In the addition of vaccines availability, development of practical, accurate and affordable rabies diagnostics is also urgently needed. One of them is immunological-based assay, such as ELISA and lateral flow assay, which requires the readiness of rabies antibodies. Recently, IgY produced from laying hens is quite promising. In this study, before producing rabies IgY, we observed the immune response in laying hens that received a single vaccination dose of rabies vaccine. The results of analysis using in-house ELISA showed the presence of antibodies to the rabies vaccine. Whether the antibodies obtained can be used for diagnostic development still needs to be elucidated since the data available in this study is still limited.
{"title":"Anti-rabies in the serum of laying hens after single dose rabies vaccination: An initial observation","authors":"Sulaiman N Depamede, Made Sriasih, Nurul Azizah","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0554","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a strategic infectious animal disease that attacks the central nervous system. It is a serious public health problem in developing countries, especially in Asia. Approximately 59,000 human deaths occur due to rabies annually. In the addition of vaccines availability, development of practical, accurate and affordable rabies diagnostics is also urgently needed. One of them is immunological-based assay, such as ELISA and lateral flow assay, which requires the readiness of rabies antibodies. Recently, IgY produced from laying hens is quite promising. In this study, before producing rabies IgY, we observed the immune response in laying hens that received a single vaccination dose of rabies vaccine. The results of analysis using in-house ELISA showed the presence of antibodies to the rabies vaccine. Whether the antibodies obtained can be used for diagnostic development still needs to be elucidated since the data available in this study is still limited.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0498
Feryal Hashim Rada
Telmisartan is an antihypertensive drug belong to angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers class. This review is focuses on pharmacokinetic and pharmacological effect of Telmisartan. Many scientific and important sites in the internet such as Scopus, Clarivate, Pubmed and others are used to collect publicized data and information to assess and organize this review. Moreover, Old articles and articles with abstract only were excluded. Telmisartan act by a manner differing from that of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. In addition to lowering blood pressure, Telmisartan has pleotropic effects on attenuation of many features such as inflammatory reactions, hypertrophy of left ventricle, and fibrillation of atrium. As well, amelioration of vascular activity, and renal functions will obtain. Telmisartan has many features that differentiate it from other drugs of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers and give its specific effect such as high lipophilic characters, extended half-life in plasma, and high affinity of binding with its receptor.
替米沙坦是一种抗高血压药物，属于血管紧张素 II 1 型受体阻滞剂。本综述的重点是替米沙坦的药代动力学和药理作用。为了评估和组织这篇综述，我们使用了许多重要的科学网站，如 Scopus、Clarivate、Pubmed 等，以收集公开的数据和信息。此外，还排除了旧文章和只有摘要的文章。替米沙坦的作用方式与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂不同。除了降低血压外，替米沙坦还具有减轻炎症反应、左心室肥大和心房颤动等多种特征的多方面作用。此外，还能改善血管活动和肾功能。替米沙坦有许多不同于其他血管紧张素 II 1 型受体阻滞剂的特点，并赋予其特殊的效果，如高亲脂性、在血浆中的半衰期延长、与受体结合的亲和力强等。
{"title":"Overview on telmisartan therapy","authors":"Feryal Hashim Rada","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0498","url":null,"abstract":"Telmisartan is an antihypertensive drug belong to angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers class. This review is focuses on pharmacokinetic and pharmacological effect of Telmisartan. Many scientific and important sites in the internet such as Scopus, Clarivate, Pubmed and others are used to collect publicized data and information to assess and organize this review. Moreover, Old articles and articles with abstract only were excluded. Telmisartan act by a manner differing from that of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. In addition to lowering blood pressure, Telmisartan has pleotropic effects on attenuation of many features such as inflammatory reactions, hypertrophy of left ventricle, and fibrillation of atrium. As well, amelioration of vascular activity, and renal functions will obtain. Telmisartan has many features that differentiate it from other drugs of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers and give its specific effect such as high lipophilic characters, extended half-life in plasma, and high affinity of binding with its receptor.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0471
Komang Sandiasa, I Nyoman Rai, Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati, I Gusti Ngurah Santosa
Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) is a fruit crop harvested seasonally with the peak season from August to November while the off-season harvest is January to June with limited harvest. The purpose of this study was to find the concentration of paclobutrazol and the level of drought stress for off-season strawberry production. This research conducted on April to July 2023. The experiment used a factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications with 16 treatment combinations. The first factor was paclobutrazol consisting of four levels, namely P0 = control, P1 = 10,000 ppm, P2 = 20,000 ppm and P3 = 30,000 ppm and the second factor was the level of drought stress consisting of four levels i.e. C0 = 100% field capacity, C1 = 80% field capacity, C2 = 60% field capacity and C3 = 40% field capacity. The results showed that paclobutrazol accelerated flowering time, increased fruit set, leaf relative water content, root length, chlorophyll content, but decreased the number of fruits formed, harvested fruits, fruit diameter, harvested fruit weight, weight per fruit, root oven dry weight, percentage of fallen fruits and total soluble solids. Drought stress level increased leaf relative water content, root length, root oven dry weight, percentage of fallen fruit, percentage of fruit set, but decreased number of flowers formed, fruits harvested, weight of fruits harvested, weight per fruit, fruit diameter, total soluble solids, chlorophyll content and delayed flowering time.
{"title":"Response of off-season strawberries (Fragaria sp.) production under the effects of paclobutrazol and drought stress","authors":"Komang Sandiasa, I Nyoman Rai, Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati, I Gusti Ngurah Santosa","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0471","url":null,"abstract":"Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) is a fruit crop harvested seasonally with the peak season from August to November while the off-season harvest is January to June with limited harvest. The purpose of this study was to find the concentration of paclobutrazol and the level of drought stress for off-season strawberry production. This research conducted on April to July 2023. The experiment used a factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications with 16 treatment combinations. The first factor was paclobutrazol consisting of four levels, namely P0 = control, P1 = 10,000 ppm, P2 = 20,000 ppm and P3 = 30,000 ppm and the second factor was the level of drought stress consisting of four levels i.e. C0 = 100% field capacity, C1 = 80% field capacity, C2 = 60% field capacity and C3 = 40% field capacity. The results showed that paclobutrazol accelerated flowering time, increased fruit set, leaf relative water content, root length, chlorophyll content, but decreased the number of fruits formed, harvested fruits, fruit diameter, harvested fruit weight, weight per fruit, root oven dry weight, percentage of fallen fruits and total soluble solids. Drought stress level increased leaf relative water content, root length, root oven dry weight, percentage of fallen fruit, percentage of fruit set, but decreased number of flowers formed, fruits harvested, weight of fruits harvested, weight per fruit, fruit diameter, total soluble solids, chlorophyll content and delayed flowering time.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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