Health Communication最新文献

The family environment is essential but underused for promoting sexual and reproductive health protective behaviors (SHPB). However, previous literature had no consistent findings regarding how families can efficiently provide sex education and what aspects of family communication may facilitate SHPB. Based on family communication patterns theory (FCPT) and new research that segments family conformity orientation into four sub-dimensions (i.e., respecting parental authority, experiencing parental control, adopting parents' values, and questioning parents' beliefs), we explored the roles that family communication patterns (FCP) and parents' (direct and indirect) sexual communication play in influencing adult daughters' intentions to engage in SHPB. Using survey data from 234 female participants, path analysis suggested that daughters' SHPB intentions were associated with more direct and indirect sexual communication, higher conversation orientation, higher parental control, and less adoption of parental values. Also, parents' direct sexual communication mediated the impact of conversation orientation on SHPB intentions. Additionally, parents' indirect sexual communication mediated the path from parental value adoption to SHPB intentions, mitigating the negative direct impact of parental value adoption. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the salience of issues related to social justice, mental health, and health equity. During this time, the media have been instrumental in amplifying social movements but also in spreading mis/disinformation, violence, and hatred. Among communities who have been affected heavily during this time are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) young adults who have a mental illness/significant mental health concerns. As frequent engagers and creators of media, their perspectives are critical to informing what aspects of the media should be leveraged to promote the health, well-being, and safety of people who have been marginalized. Thus, our study asks: How do BIPOC young adults (in the United States) who have a behavioral health diagnosis or significant mental health concerns perceive the media? Guided by intersectionality and grounded theory, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 participants. The results reveal participants' 1) deep recognition of how the media uphold oppressive structures and 2) identification of ways that people have used and can use the media to fight those same structures. Researchers and media leaders should listen to, center the experiences of, collaborate with, and follow the lead of people who have been marginalized. This is critical to transforming the media such that they promote the well-being of all people.

In recent years, short-form social media videos have emerged as an important source of health-related advice. In this study, we investigate whether experts or ordinary users in such videos are more effective in debunking the common misperception that talking about suicide should be avoided. We also explore a new trend on TikTok and other platforms, in which users attempt to back up their arguments by displaying scientific articles in the background of their videos. To test the effect of source type (expert vs. ordinary user) and scientific references (present or absent), we conducted a 2 × 2 between-subject plus control group experiment (n = 956). In each condition, participants were shown a TikTok video that was approximately 30 seconds long. Our findings show that in all four treatment groups, participants reduced their misperceptions on the topic. The expert was rated as being more authoritative on the topic compared to the ordinary user. However, the expert was also rated as being less credible compared to the ordinary user. The inclusion of a scientific reference did not make a difference. Thus, both experts and ordinary users may be similarly persuasive in a short-form video environment.

The way children experience a medical visit lays the groundwork for their health education and fosters trust and comfort in healthcare relationships. This study employed a retrospective and narrative-based design to analyze how children perceived their experiences of visits to their doctor, how they describe their emotions, and how they portray the different relationships within the doctor-caregiver-patient triad. Three hundred fifty students (50.75% female, 8-13 years, Mage = 10.5, SD = 5.93, 77.95% from primary school) completed a booklet comprising different narrative activities. The booklet underwent quantitative content analysis according to gender and school level. Children reported that the doctors primarily addressed their caregivers when asking for and delivering health-related information, while their role was mostly passive. Meeting with friendly doctors and being in a welcoming environment were associated with a positive medical experience, while negative emotions and encounters with unsympathetic practitioners contributed to negative experiences. Most respondents wanted to talk privately with their doctors at their next visit. Some examples and practices are discussed to enable healthcare practitioners to create an environment where children are heard and valued, and their involvement during consultation processes is enhanced.

Vaccines remain the best strategy as the COVID-19 pandemic enters into later stages and governments begin to shed pandemic-control measures. Vaccine hesitancy continues to be a major obstacle in efforts to end the pandemic. This study reports formative evaluation research that adopted a multidimensional approach using latent profile analysis to audience segmentation and message targeting. Within the framework of the integrated behavioral model, data were collected from a US national survey to explore the dimensions in which vaccine-confident vs. -hesitant individuals differed significantly across the topics of COVID-19 and influenza. Latent profile analyses were performed to identify subgroups and establish measurement invariance between COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. Matching message strategies were proposed for the distinctive characteristics of the subgroups for both topics and to be tested in future research.

Autonomous and patient-centered health communication (PCHC) between a healthcare provider (HCP) and a client (HCC) is a critical fundament for successful healthcare outcomes. A standard and validated data collection tool for studying the satisfaction of Iranian breast cancer patients (BCPs) with various aspects of their health communication with HCPs does not exist. The current study assessed the application, feasibility, and cultural appropriateness of the Persian-translated version of the interview satisfaction questionnaire (ISQ) in the Iranian context. A standard translation/back-translation procedure was used to prepare a preliminary Persian version of the ISQ (ISQ-P) which was then evaluated for content and face validity by a panel of experts. The study data were collected from 200 breast cancer patients and used to estimate the internal consistency measure of Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to verify the compatibility of the instrument's identified dimensions with the original ISQ's factor structure. The calculated content validity index (CVI = 0.89), content validity ratio (CVR = 0.49), and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.79) indicated the appropriateness of the ISQ-P for its intended purpose. The CFA's outputs (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.09, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.954, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.931, standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.04) affirmed the fitness of the study data to the original 4-factor conceptual model. The study findings supported the suitability of ISQ-P for assessing health communication episodes by Persian-speaking BCPs. However, due to cultural variation, cross-border diversity of health systems, and organizational circumstances, further validity and reliability appraisal of the ISQ-P in distinct sub-samples is recommended.

This study explored how social media users' mocking of a public health campaign can affect other users' emotions, cognitions, and behavioral intentions. Inspired by public mocking of the CDC's "Say No to Raw Dough" campaign aiming to prevent food poisoning caused by eating raw flour-based products, this experiment (N = 681) employed a 2 (Public responses to a PSA: Mocking or serious) x 3 (Organizational response to public responses: Self-mocking, serious, or none) + 1 (control condition) design. Statistical tests revealed that user-generated mocking can lower intentions to avoid the health risk by decreasing perceptions of injunctive norms (that is, seeing others mock a public health campaign resulted in weaker perceptions that others think you should avoid the risky behavior). Mockery of a public health campaign also engender anger at the CDC and at other users, with the target of the anger having differential effects on intentions to avoid eating raw dough. Implications for theory and the practice of social media-based health promotion are discussed.

Identifying patients' reasons for visiting is the central task at medical openings, the structure of which has been well studied in Western primary care, but much under-researched in China's mainland. Drawing on conversation analysis of 91 audio-recorded primary care consultations in China, this study explores interactional features of patients' problem presentation at medical openings in terms of sequential positions, forms, and contextual contingencies, which has implications for the model of medical service encounters in Chinese primary care openings. Although problem description is commonly solicited by doctors across cultures, Chinese patients' problem presentation often takes forms other than problem description. Nearly two thirds of problem presentation in our data are designed as a request-making action (57/91 cases), being more often self-initiated than solicited. This blurs the boundary between medical visits for new and non-new problems. The analysis of Chinese patients' problem presentation points to a high degree of patient agency in primary care in China, suggesting a strong orientation to the "provider-consumer" (vs. "professional-client") model of service encounters in the opening structure of doctor-patient interaction.

Oncology clinicians often miss opportunities to communicate empathy to patients. The current study examined the relationship between implicit bias (based on cancer type and ethnicity) and medical students' empathic communication in encounters with standardized patients who presented as Hispanic (lung or colorectal) individuals diagnosed with cancer. Participants (101 medical students) completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure implicit bias based on cancer type (lung v. colorectal) and ethnicity (Hispanic v. non-Hispanic White). Empathic opportunities and responses (assessed by the Empathic Communication Coding System; ECCS) were evaluated in a mock consultation (Objective Structured Clinical Examination; OSCE) focused on smoking cessation in the context of cancer. Among the 241 empathic opportunities identified across the 101 encounters (M = 2.4), 158 (65.6%) received high empathy responses from the medical students. High empathy responses were most frequently used during challenge (73.2%) and emotion (77.3%) opportunities compared to progress (45.9%) opportunities. Higher levels of implicit bias against Hispanics predicted lower odds of an empathic response from the medical student (OR = 3.24, p = .04, 95% CI = 0.09-0.95). Further work is needed to understand the relationship between implicit bias and empathic communication and inform the development of interventions.