Health Communication最新文献

This study examines how community-based organizations (CBOs) in a large city in the northeast United States helped to bridge potential gaps in their community members' access to and use of a communication infrastructure relevant to the COVID-19 vaccine for children. Using a purposive sampling strategy, we conducted 10 semi-structured interviews between July and September 2022 with staff members of CBOs who communicated about COVID-19 vaccination for children (ages 17 and younger) in their community. We constructed themes from the transcribed interviews using our deductive codes informed by the interview guide and the conceptual model of the communication infrastructure as a social determinant of health. We also used inductive codes to capture emerging themes from the interviews. CBO leaders described a misalignment between the supply and demand of relevant and accessible information about the COVID-19 vaccine for children among parents in their communities. Building and maintaining trust, in particular, was a crucial foundation for facilitating CBOs' information sharing about the vaccine with community members. CBO leaders led various messaging strategies tailored to help meet the information needs of their community members. However, CBO leaders highlighted some challenges in evaluating the reach and effectiveness of the messaging efforts. Our findings highlight how CBOs can support their community members' access to and comprehension of health information about the COVID-19 vaccine for children but also underscore the importance of ensuring CBOs have sufficient funding and resources to develop strong relationships with community members before moments of crisis, such as the coronavirus pandemic.

Friends and family members often choose to seek health information for a loved one, rather than all information-seeking being carried out by the patient for themselves. Despite the popularity of this proxy for health information-seeking behavior (PHISB), there is a lack of more current data on PHISB, as well as on changes in PHISB. We analyzed health information-seeking based on data from the two available waves of the HINTS Germany study (2018/19: N = 2.147;2020: N = 1.865). HINTS Germany is a data set mapping health information behaviors in the German population, closely linked to the well-established U.S. HINTS. The results show an increase in health information-seeking of 6.2% (p < .001), between the first wave (36%; n = 772) and the second wave (42%; n = 778). A bivariate analysis followed by a hierarchical logit model yielded similar significant determinants for PHISB. Gender, being in a stable relationship, and different information sources were all found to be significant for health information-seeking. The results show the need for tailored population information for proxies, to improve their respective communication with patients.

This study examines the relationship between different information consumption patterns and COVID-19-related outcomes in Oman. A total of 759 participants completed a cross-sectional survey from September to October 2020 that measured COVID-19 knowledge, misinformation, fact-checking, trust in information sources, institutional trust, and vaccination intentions. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their information consumption behaviors: low scanners/no seekers (LSNS), low scanners/seekers (LSS), high scanners/no seekers (HSNS), and high scanners/seekers (HSS). A multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to compare the outcome variables, and structural equation modeling (SEM) explored the role of trust in mediating the relationship between information consumption patterns and vaccination intentions. HSS demonstrated the highest levels of COVID-19 knowledge, trust in government and social media, and confidence in institutional crisis management. In contrast, LSNS exhibited the lowest levels of COVID-19 knowledge and trust. HSNS were the most susceptible to misinformation and conspiracy beliefs. Social media played a dual role as both a trusted information source and a conduit for misinformation. SEM analysis highlighted trust as a key mediator in the relationship between HSS information consumption patterns and vaccination intentions. This study highlights the importance of audience segmentation in public health strategies and the necessity of fostering active information-seeking to enhance knowledge, trust, and vaccination uptake. Targeted interventions can mitigate misinformation risks among passive information consumers, while social media campaigns can foster fact-checking and digital literacy. Together, these strategies can help bridge knowledge gaps and enhance public health compliance during crises.

Communicative inequality and voice poverty constitute and reinforce health disparities. This research aims to invert the erasure of Bhuiyan and Paswan, the marginalized communities of northern India (that have been erased from the mainstream communicative spaces), by co-creating platforms of listening. Drawing from the Culture Centered Approach (CCA), this study explores the community's articulation of IYCF (Infant and Young Child feeding) health literacy to highlight the interplay between the structure, culture, and agency in creating the dominant discursive spaces and finding avenues for marginalized voices to acquire autonomy. We have adopted Participatory Rural Communication Appraisal (PRCA) as our research methodology to explore the differences in dominant and communities' perceptions of IYCF health literacy and investigate how the marginalized communities empower themselves when their voices are restored through congenial dialogic-democratic spaces. For this purpose, a preliminary assessment was carried out by analyzing the secondary sources and interviewing officials- government and NGO (pre-PRCA) followed by participatory sessions with the villagers, in-depth interviews with the key respondents, and a baseline survey of key interaction groups (during PRCA) in the Siadih village, Gaya, India. A participatory group, with members of the marginalized communities, was formed for discussion, intervention, and evaluation (post-PRCA). The findings revealed that the communities' perceptions of IYCF health literacy widely differ from dominant perspectives. The current study extends CCA to develop a community-driven, context-specific communication intervention for IYCF within marginalized communities in the global south.

Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, a larger than anticipated number of people had the hesitancy to take a SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine even when the vaccines have been strongly recommended by the medical community. Our study examined the demographic, psychological, and attitudinal determinants, and social influence on COVID-19 vaccine intent. Through an online survey with a nationwide diverse sample of 4,024 adult respondents during the height of the pandemic, our results showed that perceived confidence in COVID-19 vaccines regarding their safety, perceived benefits of getting vaccinated, collective responsibility and perceived convenience in getting the COVID-19 vaccine all showed significant positive effects on respondents' vaccine intent. The psychological, attitudinal and social factors showed much stronger effects on vaccine intent than demographic variables. Our study contributes to the understanding of vaccine intention which can help guide where framing can be most effective and where limited resources should be devoted to increasing vaccination in future pandemics. From a practical standpoint, our study isolates which factors are influencing intention the most and our findings can help guide practitioners to create communication strategies that can be both more focused on the psychological determinants and social influences to ensure higher efficacy.

Previous research has emphasized the role of clinician-educators as providers of knowledge and expertise for medical trainees, centralizing the power of voice and agency in these interactions. Rhetoric of health and medicine encompass nuanced observations of health and medicine practices by foregrounding discourses contextualizing communication. These are particularly relevant for studying persuasive practices in health and medicine that identify challenging issues and decision-making by caregivers. In this case study from the United Arab Emirates, we argue through the lens of rhetorical ventriloquism that contextual factors play roles in shaping training discourses in physician-resident communication. Through analysis of 18 interviews, we found that when ambiguities prevail in the context of taken-for-granted training practices, cultural, social, and structural intersections emerge to stand in and shape the ways in which medical education around end-of-life care is constructed. Implications of the findings for the scholars, educators, trainers, and health practitioners are discussed.

Health-related social needs are increasingly recognized as significantly influencing healthcare outcomes. Material hardship, defined as the inability to meet basic needs for physiological functioning, such as food and shelter, affects many Americans. This study explores the dynamics of help-seeking behavior, focusing on the perceived effectiveness of different help-seeking channels and the primary barriers associated with each. As part of a larger research project, we interviewed 27 participants aged 18 to 70 to compare help-seekers' experiences in referral programs (n = 14) with those without such support (n = 13). Our findings indicate that people turn to formal channels for complex needs, expecting tangible solutions. They resort to informal channels for less complicated issues with lower expectations. Because expectations are lower, people often describe informal support as helpful, even when the support fails to adequately address their material hardship. In contrast, individuals find help from organizations ineffective when inadequate or too slow. Stigma significantly impedes help-seeking across both channels. Systemic barriers pose the most significant barrier within formal channels, and social isolation is the most prevalent barrier within informal channels. This research provides insights into the challenges help-seekers face by identifying and understanding the barriers associated with formal and informal help-seeking channels.

Patient-provider relationships can significantly influence patients' perceptions of quality of care and generally affect patient trust in healthcare providers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how communication based on CAT strategies can enhance the patient-provider relationship, ultimately improving patients' perceptions of the quality of care they receive. Additionally, we examined the relationship between patients' trust in the cancer- and health-related information provided by their doctors and their satisfaction with the quality of care. Data from the 2022 health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6, n = 6252 surveys) was used. Results demonstrate that the use of CAT strategies that encompass three domains - emotional expression, interpersonal control, and interpretability - play a larger role in patient satisfaction with quality of care than trust in health-related information from their doctor alone. To improve satisfaction with care, these findings show possible targetable domains of patient-provider relationship building in healthcare.

Pregnancy after perinatal loss is a stressful experience that requires special attention from health care providers during prenatal appointments. However, research suggests that such care is often lacking. Communication scholars are uniquely positioned to explore the types of communication behaviors patients prefer during this period. In individual and group interviews with 16 women who had experienced perinatal loss, we used a series of vignettes to prompt participants to reflect on their own interactions with providers and to offer their opinions on preferred communication practices. Using a patient-centered communication framework to address emotional distress, our findings outline specific communication preferences that can enhance health care delivery during prenatal appointments following a loss. We conclude by proposing a revised version of Dean and Street's model and discussing practical implications for patient-provider communication.