S. Krishna, Priyanka Upadhayay, V. K. Mishra, S. Kujur, Monu Kumar, P. Yadav, Parvin Mahto, Prashant Singh, Ashutosh, Sandeep Sharma, R. Chand
Terminal heat tolerance of 34 wheat genotypes were analyzed for two years. Among 14 traits, canopy temperature, plot yield and days to heading were major components in clustering of genotypes. Three genotypes viz., DBW39, DBW16 and DBW14 had lowest HSI (0.34-0.36) for plot yield and were considered as heat tolerant genotypes by, both, HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) as well as DA (Discriminant Analysis). These genotypes may serve as potential donors in wheat breeding to improve the terminal heat tolerance.
{"title":"Evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for terminal heat tolerance","authors":"S. Krishna, Priyanka Upadhayay, V. K. Mishra, S. Kujur, Monu Kumar, P. Yadav, Parvin Mahto, Prashant Singh, Ashutosh, Sandeep Sharma, R. Chand","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Terminal heat tolerance of 34 wheat genotypes were analyzed for two years. Among 14 traits, canopy temperature, plot yield and days to heading were major components in clustering of genotypes. Three genotypes viz., DBW39, DBW16 and DBW14 had lowest HSI (0.34-0.36) for plot yield and were considered as heat tolerant genotypes by, both, HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) as well as DA (Discriminant Analysis). These genotypes may serve as potential donors in wheat breeding to improve the terminal heat tolerance.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43686990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Kumar Sharma, Richa Sao, P. Sahu, G. Vishwakarma, J. P. Nair, V. Petwal, B. K. Das
Knowledge about the type of mutagen used and its optimized dose are of paramount importance to design and implement any plant mutation breeding programme. Present study was first time carried out to evaluate the comparative effectiveness, radio-sensitivity behavior and relative biological effectiveness of four physical mutagens viz., gamma rays, X-rays, electron beam and proton beam on two short grain aromatic rice landraces viz., Samundchini and Vishnubhog. The seeds of these two varieties were treated with 15 different doses of all four mutagens, ranging from 50Gy to 750Gy with an interval of 50Gy. Germination percentage and seedling growth parameters were recorded at seven and 15 days after sowing, respectively in two replications. It was observed that germination percentage, shoot and root length of the seedling gradually declined with the increase in doses of all the physical mutagens. On the basis of these observations, LD50 and GR50 doses were calculated. The present study reports the optimum range of doses for gamma ray (280 to 350 Gy); electron beam (290 to 330Gy); X-ray (200 to 250 Gy) and proton beam (150 to 200Gy). GR50 doses were observed higher than LD50 doses for all the mutagens in both landraces. However, Samundchini showed higher LD50 and GR50 doses than Vishnubhog indicating later to be more radio-sensitive. Furthermore, both the genotypes were highly radio-sensitive for proton beam and least for gamma rays. Similarly, high relative biological effectiveness was observed for proton beam followed by X-ray, electron beam and gamma rays indicating their decreasing trend of penetration capacity and lethality. Results of present study will be useful for plant breeders to use the above mutagens in an appropriate dose for mutation breeding in rice.
{"title":"Comparative study of radio-sensitivity and relative biological effectiveness of gamma rays, x-rays, electron beam and proton beam in short grain aromatic rice","authors":"Deepak Kumar Sharma, Richa Sao, P. Sahu, G. Vishwakarma, J. P. Nair, V. Petwal, B. K. Das","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge about the type of mutagen used and its optimized dose are of paramount importance to design and implement any plant mutation breeding programme. Present study was first time carried out to evaluate the comparative effectiveness, radio-sensitivity behavior and relative biological effectiveness of four physical mutagens viz., gamma rays, X-rays, electron beam and proton beam on two short grain aromatic rice landraces viz., Samundchini and Vishnubhog. The seeds of these two varieties were treated with 15 different doses of all four mutagens, ranging from 50Gy to 750Gy with an interval of 50Gy. Germination percentage and seedling growth parameters were recorded at seven and 15 days after sowing, respectively in two replications. It was observed that germination percentage, shoot and root length of the seedling gradually declined with the increase in doses of all the physical mutagens. On the basis of these observations, LD50 and GR50 doses were calculated. The present study reports the optimum range of doses for gamma ray (280 to 350 Gy); electron beam (290 to 330Gy); X-ray (200 to 250 Gy) and proton beam (150 to 200Gy). GR50 doses were observed higher than LD50 doses for all the mutagens in both landraces. However, Samundchini showed higher LD50 and GR50 doses than Vishnubhog indicating later to be more radio-sensitive. Furthermore, both the genotypes were highly radio-sensitive for proton beam and least for gamma rays. Similarly, high relative biological effectiveness was observed for proton beam followed by X-ray, electron beam and gamma rays indicating their decreasing trend of penetration capacity and lethality. Results of present study will be useful for plant breeders to use the above mutagens in an appropriate dose for mutation breeding in rice.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44902043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. K. Dikshit, V. R. P. Reddy, Gyan P Mishra, M. Aski, R. Pandey, Madanpal Singh
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the serious problems affecting plant growth in mungbean in different parts of the world. The root, shoot and biomass related traits were investigated for identifying P-efficient genotypes in 54 mungbean genotypes under low-P (LP) and normal-P (NP) conditions. In this study, the membership function value of P use efficiency of studied traits was used as a compendious index for studying P use efficiency (PUE) in mungbean. Among the studied traits, mean values of total root volume, chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight (RDW) and root to shoot ratio increased >25% under LP condition indicating that these traits are highly responsive to P deficiency. Correlation and stepwise regression analysis revealed that RDW explained most of the variation and could be used as a clear indicator of PUE. The five highly P-efficient genotypes namely, MH 805, M 42, PUSA 9531, EC 398885 and M 209 with high MFVP values may be used for PUE improvement in mungbean.
{"title":"Unravelling the phosphorus use efficiency associated traits in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under low phosphorus condition","authors":"H. K. Dikshit, V. R. P. Reddy, Gyan P Mishra, M. Aski, R. Pandey, Madanpal Singh","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the serious problems affecting plant growth in mungbean in different parts of the world. The root, shoot and biomass related traits were investigated for identifying P-efficient genotypes in 54 mungbean genotypes under low-P (LP) and normal-P (NP) conditions. In this study, the membership function value of P use efficiency of studied traits was used as a compendious index for studying P use efficiency (PUE) in mungbean. Among the studied traits, mean values of total root volume, chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight (RDW) and root to shoot ratio increased >25% under LP condition indicating that these traits are highly responsive to P deficiency. Correlation and stepwise regression analysis revealed that RDW explained most of the variation and could be used as a clear indicator of PUE. The five highly P-efficient genotypes namely, MH 805, M 42, PUSA 9531, EC 398885 and M 209 with high MFVP values may be used for PUE improvement in mungbean.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41930930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The amplification potential of 27 SSR primer pairs originally reported on exotic fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) was studied on Indian fennel. Only 13 primer pairs developed amplicons (only one amplicon per primer pair) of sizes ranging from 100 to 450 bp. To determine their polymorphic potential, a set of 20 diverse fennel germplasm lines was used. Four primers exhibiting polymorphism, did segregate the 20 diverse lines in 9 clusters. However, these primer pairs did not differentiate between 17 improved varieties of fennel.
{"title":"An assessment on intraspecific transferability of SSR markers on fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) varieties.","authors":"K. Krishna, N. Parashar, D. Singh, G. K. Mittal","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"The amplification potential of 27 SSR primer pairs originally reported on exotic fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) was studied on Indian fennel. Only 13 primer pairs developed amplicons (only one amplicon per primer pair) of sizes ranging from 100 to 450 bp. To determine their polymorphic potential, a set of 20 diverse fennel germplasm lines was used. Four primers exhibiting polymorphism, did segregate the 20 diverse lines in 9 clusters. However, these primer pairs did not differentiate between 17 improved varieties of fennel.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47416487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Combating mineral deficiencies has been a major challenge for agricultural scientists world over. Lack of calcium in diets could be overcome through biofortifying food crops especially cereals. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) grains are highly rich in calcium, therefore in the present study this phenotypic trait was explored using association study on a natural population of finger millet. A total of 238 accessions of finger millet were analysed using 85 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. SSR profiles generated 160 alleles and 20 primer pairs which were polymorphic across the population with 0.14 to 0.78 polymorphic information content. Grain Calcium content (GCC) varied from 72 to 452 mg/100g seed. Two accessions, GPHCPB45 (452.8 mg) and GPHCPB 439.8 mg) each from Northern India and exotic areas were found with highest GCC. Association analysis through the general linear model in TASSEL software detected two markers UGEP78 and UGEP60 in significant association (P less than 0.001) to calcium content. The molecular marks, UGEP60 can be a potential marker with phenotypic variance amounting to 13.8%. However, the mixed linear model did not detect any significant associations probably because of low polymorphism within the finger millet collection considered in this study. Identification of two accessions with higher calcium content may be useful in finger millet improvement.
{"title":"Unraveling the genetics of calcium content in finger millet grains through association mapping","authors":"Shambhavi Yadav, Anil Kumar, S. Sood","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Combating mineral deficiencies has been a major challenge for agricultural scientists world over. Lack of calcium in diets could be overcome through biofortifying food crops especially cereals. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) grains are highly rich in calcium, therefore in the present study this phenotypic trait was explored using association study on a natural population of finger millet. A total of 238 accessions of finger millet were analysed using 85 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. SSR profiles generated 160 alleles and 20 primer pairs which were polymorphic across the population with 0.14 to 0.78 polymorphic information content. Grain Calcium content (GCC) varied from 72 to 452 mg/100g seed. Two accessions, GPHCPB45 (452.8 mg) and GPHCPB 439.8 mg) each from Northern India and exotic areas were found with highest GCC. Association analysis through the general linear model in TASSEL software detected two markers UGEP78 and UGEP60 in significant association (P less than 0.001) to calcium content. The molecular marks, UGEP60 can be a potential marker with phenotypic variance amounting to 13.8%. However, the mixed linear model did not detect any significant associations probably because of low polymorphism within the finger millet collection considered in this study. Identification of two accessions with higher calcium content may be useful in finger millet improvement.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69853617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mithlesh Kumar, M. Patel, R. Chauhan, C. Tank, S. Solanki, R. Gami, N. Soni, Pratikkumar A. Patel, Pratikkumar A. Patel, H. Bhadauria, N. Patel, R. Patel, K. Rani
In the present study, additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) biplot analyses was used to dissect genotype x environment interaction (GEI) and to identify location specific and widely adapted genotypes for root branches, diameter and length in ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]. Trials were conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications over three consecutive years at three different locations. ANOVA analysis revealed environment, G×E interaction and genotype effects to contribute significantly (p less than 0.001) towards total sum of squares for root branches (61.00%, 22.18% and 14.00%); root diameter (51.06%, 24.26% and 15.34%) and root length (65.67%, 20.82% and 11.39%). Further, the GEI for these traits was mostly explained by the first, second and third principal component axis (IPCA1, IPCA2 and IPCA3). AMMI1 and AMMI2 biplot analyses showed differential stability of genotypes for root branches, diameter and length with few exceptions. Environmental contribution towards the genotypic performance from AMMI1 and AMMI2 analysis for root traits except environment Bhi16 contribution for root diameter and root length. AMMI1 biplots and simultaneous selection index (SSI) statistics identified SKA-11 as the most desirable genotype for root branches and length while SKA-26 and SKA-27 for root diameter. The ashwagandha genotypes identified for root attributes could be advocated either for varietal recommendation or in varietal development program.
{"title":"Delineating G × E interactions by AMMI method for root attributes in ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]","authors":"Mithlesh Kumar, M. Patel, R. Chauhan, C. Tank, S. Solanki, R. Gami, N. Soni, Pratikkumar A. Patel, Pratikkumar A. Patel, H. Bhadauria, N. Patel, R. Patel, K. Rani","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) biplot analyses was used to dissect genotype x environment interaction (GEI) and to identify location specific and widely adapted genotypes for root branches, diameter and length in ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]. Trials were conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications over three consecutive years at three different locations. ANOVA analysis revealed environment, G×E interaction and genotype effects to contribute significantly (p less than 0.001) towards total sum of squares for root branches (61.00%, 22.18% and 14.00%); root diameter (51.06%, 24.26% and 15.34%) and root length (65.67%, 20.82% and 11.39%). Further, the GEI for these traits was mostly explained by the first, second and third principal component axis (IPCA1, IPCA2 and IPCA3). AMMI1 and AMMI2 biplot analyses showed differential stability of genotypes for root branches, diameter and length with few exceptions. Environmental contribution towards the genotypic performance from AMMI1 and AMMI2 analysis for root traits except environment Bhi16 contribution for root diameter and root length. AMMI1 biplots and simultaneous selection index (SSI) statistics identified SKA-11 as the most desirable genotype for root branches and length while SKA-26 and SKA-27 for root diameter. The ashwagandha genotypes identified for root attributes could be advocated either for varietal recommendation or in varietal development program.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45128102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingxing Si, Lei Gao, Yuwei Song, M. Khayatnezhad, A. Minaeifar
Erodium cicunium (Geraniaceae) species are distributed in different habitats of Iran. Some species are of medicinal importance while some are well known weeds and used as forage plants. An investigation was carried out to evaluate 124 randomly collected plants of E. cicunium from 15 geographical populations in 5 provinces to study population structure and for morphological and molecular characters. Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers were used to analyse molecular diversity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed significant genetic difference among the studied populations and also revealed that 60% of total genetic variability was due to within population diversity, while 40% genetic differentiation was recorded among populations. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of populations based on morphological characters was not in agreement with Metric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) plot of molecular data.
{"title":"Understanding population differentiation using geographical, morphological and genetic characterization in Erodium cicunium","authors":"Xingxing Si, Lei Gao, Yuwei Song, M. Khayatnezhad, A. Minaeifar","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Erodium cicunium (Geraniaceae) species are distributed in different habitats of Iran. Some species are of medicinal importance while some are well known weeds and used as forage plants. An investigation was carried out to evaluate 124 randomly collected plants of E. cicunium from 15 geographical populations in 5 provinces to study population structure and for morphological and molecular characters. Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers were used to analyse molecular diversity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed significant genetic difference among the studied populations and also revealed that 60% of total genetic variability was due to within population diversity, while 40% genetic differentiation was recorded among populations. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of populations based on morphological characters was not in agreement with Metric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) plot of molecular data.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48164000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Successful development of heterotic hybrids in the autogamous sesame crop depends largely on the general combining ability of the parents as well as the specific combining ability of the hybrids produced from them. Homogeneity of Vr -Wr values and non-significance of regression coefficient (b) in a 6 parents half diallal cross were found in respect of capsule length, seeds per capsule, plant height, callus induction frequency, days to callus induction and response to somatic embryogenesis indicating validity of Hayman’s assumptions. The estimates of D, H1 and H2 components indicated predominance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these six traits, and the ADD estimates indicated overdominance for all these characters. The estimates of F and KD/KR indicated presence of more of dominant alleles in the parental population except for response to somatic embryogenesis. Strong positive association was recorded between seed yield and in vitro traits viz., callus induction frequency, callus fresh weight and somatic embryogenesis. This indicates that anther culture technique can assist in early screening for combining ability of parents as well as direct selection for heterotic crosses at an earlier stage of hybrid breeding programme.
{"title":"Genetics of anther culture capability traits and its association with seed yield traits in sesame","authors":"M. Dash, S. Naik, B. Pradhan","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Successful development of heterotic hybrids in the autogamous sesame crop depends largely on the general combining ability of the parents as well as the specific combining ability of the hybrids produced from them. Homogeneity of Vr -Wr values and non-significance of regression coefficient (b) in a 6 parents half diallal cross were found in respect of capsule length, seeds per capsule, plant height, callus induction frequency, days to callus induction and response to somatic embryogenesis indicating validity of Hayman’s assumptions. The estimates of D, H1 and H2 components indicated predominance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these six traits, and the ADD estimates indicated overdominance for all these characters. The estimates of F and KD/KR indicated presence of more of dominant alleles in the parental population except for response to somatic embryogenesis. Strong positive association was recorded between seed yield and in vitro traits viz., callus induction frequency, callus fresh weight and somatic embryogenesis. This indicates that anther culture technique can assist in early screening for combining ability of parents as well as direct selection for heterotic crosses at an earlier stage of hybrid breeding programme.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46584725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice varieties adapted to flash flood exhibit submergence tolerance by maintaining reduced shoot elongation under submerged conditions. This study focuses on the two main physiological traits leading to flash flood tolerance- high survival percentage with reduced shoot elongation under submergence and increased rate of alcoholic fermentation. Sub1introgressed BC3F2 lines exhibited higher survival percentage with moderate shoot elongation under submergence stress for fourteen days similar to the donor parent Swarna- Sub1. Enzymatic activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase were monitored for fourteen days under submergence stress. The developed Sub1 introgressed lines and the donor parent Swarna-Sub1 showed higher rates of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase activities under submergence stress thereby maintaining optimum rates of alcoholic fermentation. The findings of this study confirmed the expression of tolerance mechanism in the Sub1introgressedJyothi Backcross Inbred lines under submergence stress.
{"title":"Mechanism of anoxic tolerance in backcross lines developed through Jyothi x Swarna-Sub 1 under submergence stress.","authors":"Deepa John, K. S. Shylaraj","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Rice varieties adapted to flash flood exhibit submergence tolerance by maintaining reduced shoot elongation under submerged conditions. This study focuses on the two main physiological traits leading to flash flood tolerance- high survival percentage with reduced shoot elongation under submergence and increased rate of alcoholic fermentation. Sub1introgressed BC3F2 lines exhibited higher survival percentage with moderate shoot elongation under submergence stress for fourteen days similar to the donor parent Swarna- Sub1. Enzymatic activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase were monitored for fourteen days under submergence stress. The developed Sub1 introgressed lines and the donor parent Swarna-Sub1 showed higher rates of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase activities under submergence stress thereby maintaining optimum rates of alcoholic fermentation. The findings of this study confirmed the expression of tolerance mechanism in the Sub1introgressedJyothi Backcross Inbred lines under submergence stress.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47695811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Babu, H. Lohithaswa, A. M. Rao, N. Mallikarjuna
Fusarium stalk rot disease (FSR), incited by Fusarium verticilloides, is becoming an important biotic production constraint in many major maize growing areas causing substantial yield losses. The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetics of resistance to FSR through six generation means and variances, as a first step in addressing the problem. Five crosses were developed by crossing four FSR susceptible inbreds (VL1043, VL108867, VL121096 and VL1218) with two resistant inbreds (CM202 and CM212). Six generations of the five crosses (VL1043 × CM212, VL108867 × CM202, VL121096 × CM212, VL1218 × CM202 and VL1218 × CM212) were evaluated through artificial disease inoculation during post rainy season of 2018 and summer, 2019. The scaling tests and joint scaling tests indicated the inadequacy of additive-dominance model and showed the presence of epistatic gene effects in all the five crosses for FSR resistance. The study further revealed the importance of additive, dominance and additive × additive gene effects in the expression of FSR. The magnitude and direction of the additive genetic effects [a], dominance genetic effects [d], magnitudes of additive genetic variance (2A) and dominance genetic variance (2D) varied with the genetic background of the crosses over seasons. Duplicate gene interaction was evident in the inheritance of FSR resistance. Both, additive and non-additive components were found important thus reciprocal recurrent selection would be more effective in obtaining FSR resistant maize inbred lines.
{"title":"Genetics of resistance to Fusarium stalk rot caused by Fusarium verticilloides in maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"B. Babu, H. Lohithaswa, A. M. Rao, N. Mallikarjuna","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.80.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium stalk rot disease (FSR), incited by Fusarium verticilloides, is becoming an important biotic production constraint in many major maize growing areas causing substantial yield losses. The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetics of resistance to FSR through six generation means and variances, as a first step in addressing the problem. Five crosses were developed by crossing four FSR susceptible inbreds (VL1043, VL108867, VL121096 and VL1218) with two resistant inbreds (CM202 and CM212). Six generations of the five crosses (VL1043 × CM212, VL108867 × CM202, VL121096 × CM212, VL1218 × CM202 and VL1218 × CM212) were evaluated through artificial disease inoculation during post rainy season of 2018 and summer, 2019. The scaling tests and joint scaling tests indicated the inadequacy of additive-dominance model and showed the presence of epistatic gene effects in all the five crosses for FSR resistance. The study further revealed the importance of additive, dominance and additive × additive gene effects in the expression of FSR. The magnitude and direction of the additive genetic effects [a], dominance genetic effects [d], magnitudes of additive genetic variance (2A) and dominance genetic variance (2D) varied with the genetic background of the crosses over seasons. Duplicate gene interaction was evident in the inheritance of FSR resistance. Both, additive and non-additive components were found important thus reciprocal recurrent selection would be more effective in obtaining FSR resistant maize inbred lines.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46781247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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