Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36901
Cindy Andahera, Isni Sholikhah, D. Islamiati, M. D. Pusfitasari
Plastic is a material that commonly used in daily activities. The increasing of using plastic can increase the amount of plastic waste that can give a negative impact on environment. One effort to solve the problem is by replacing plastic material with a material that convenient degraded by soil, that’s called bioplastic. Bioplastic has a biodegradable characteristic and it is 67% compostable. One of the raw material to producing bioplastic is cellulose. Cellulose can be found in non-food plants such as woods, because most of them contain 40-45% cellulose. Oil palm is the one of the plants which is the cellulose taken by utilize oil palm empty fruit bunch. On the other hand, plasticizer must be added for producing bioplastic to make plastic has elastic characteristic. Sorbitol, Glycerol, Oleic Acid are types of plasticizer. In this research, bioplastic is producing by using solution casting method by addition of plasticizer. With these methods indicates that by using sorbitol as plasticizer is more suitable than glycerol and oleic acid. By using 30% v/v sorbitol can get the optimum quality of bioplastic with 58,7% mass reduction using degradation-analysis during 4 days, and maximum attraction which can be detained is 6,27 kPa
{"title":"PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI PLASTICIZER TERHADAP KUALITAS BIOPLASTIK BERBASIS SELULOSA DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT","authors":"Cindy Andahera, Isni Sholikhah, D. Islamiati, M. D. Pusfitasari","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36901","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic is a material that commonly used in daily activities. The increasing of using plastic can increase the amount of plastic waste that can give a negative impact on environment. One effort to solve the problem is by replacing plastic material with a material that convenient degraded by soil, that’s called bioplastic. Bioplastic has a biodegradable characteristic and it is 67% compostable. One of the raw material to producing bioplastic is cellulose. Cellulose can be found in non-food plants such as woods, because most of them contain 40-45% cellulose. Oil palm is the one of the plants which is the cellulose taken by utilize oil palm empty fruit bunch. On the other hand, plasticizer must be added for producing bioplastic to make plastic has elastic characteristic. Sorbitol, Glycerol, Oleic Acid are types of plasticizer. In this research, bioplastic is producing by using solution casting method by addition of plasticizer. With these methods indicates that by using sorbitol as plasticizer is more suitable than glycerol and oleic acid. By using 30% v/v sorbitol can get the optimum quality of bioplastic with 58,7% mass reduction using degradation-analysis during 4 days, and maximum attraction which can be detained is 6,27 kPa","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81940836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are defined as combinations of two or three components which are able to establish hydrogen bond interactions with each other to form an eutectic mixture, that have a melting point lower than that of the each individual component. This study aims to determine the characteristics of DES based on choline chloride (ChCl) as quaternary ammonium salts and p-toluenasulfonic acid (PTSA) as hydrogen bond donors and to investigate their selectivity for dissolving metals in tin tailings. Synthesis of DES was carried out by mixing ChCl and PTSA with variations of the mole fraction, then stirring at 80 oC for 15 minutes. Resulted products were characterized their freezing point, density, viscosity, conductivity and functional groups. Mixture with a mole fraction of ChCl 0.6 formed homogeny clear liquid. It has a freezing point of 8 oC, density of 1.207 g/mL, viscosity of 4.663 cP, and conductivity of 182.4 mS/cm. Based on fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, the interaction between ChCl and PTSA was due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the O atoms of PTSA and the H atoms of ChCl. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis showed the presence of 1962 ppm of Fe metal dissolved in DES. This value was significant greater than the presence of other metals in the DES.
{"title":"UJI KELARUTAN LOGAM DARI TAILING TIMAH MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT EUTEKTIK BERBASIS KOLIN KLORIDA DAN ASAM p-TOLUENASULFONAT","authors":"Nimas Ade Kusdayanti, Winda Rahmalia, Thamrin Usman","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36906","url":null,"abstract":"Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are defined as combinations of two or three components which are able to establish hydrogen bond interactions with each other to form an eutectic mixture, that have a melting point lower than that of the each individual component. This study aims to determine the characteristics of DES based on choline chloride (ChCl) as quaternary ammonium salts and p-toluenasulfonic acid (PTSA) as hydrogen bond donors and to investigate their selectivity for dissolving metals in tin tailings. Synthesis of DES was carried out by mixing ChCl and PTSA with variations of the mole fraction, then stirring at 80 oC for 15 minutes. Resulted products were characterized their freezing point, density, viscosity, conductivity and functional groups. Mixture with a mole fraction of ChCl 0.6 formed homogeny clear liquid. It has a freezing point of 8 oC, density of 1.207 g/mL, viscosity of 4.663 cP, and conductivity of 182.4 mS/cm. Based on fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, the interaction between ChCl and PTSA was due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the O atoms of PTSA and the H atoms of ChCl. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis showed the presence of 1962 ppm of Fe metal dissolved in DES. This value was significant greater than the presence of other metals in the DES.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75280017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36905
Yurisa Yurisa, M. A. Wibowo
Essential oils of Jeruk Sambal leaves (Citrus x hystryx) have as antibacterial agents. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of dried Jeruk Sambal leaves originating from Sungai Kakap area against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Stages in this study were divided into two stages (1) isolation of volatile oil by steam distillation, (2) test the antibacterial activity by pitting diffusion method. Essential oil yield of 0.22% was obtained. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil of Jeruk Sambal leaves dried has 4 main compounds, namely elemol (26.27%), β-eudesmol (14.47%), 2-β-pinene (13.84%) and linalool (7.77%). The test results showed that the antibacterial activity of essential oils of Jeruk Sambal leaves was more active in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus than E. coli bacteria.
柚子叶精油(Citrus x hystryx)有抗菌作用。本研究旨在测定产自Sungai Kakap地区的干参巴叶对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性。本研究分为两个阶段:(1)蒸汽蒸馏法分离挥发油，(2)点蚀扩散法检测抗菌活性。精油得率为0.22%。气相色谱-质谱分析结果表明，三叶精油中含有4种主要化合物，分别为香柠檬酚(26.27%)、β-苦艾酚(14.47%)、2-β-蒎烯(13.84%)和芳樟醇(7.77%)。实验结果表明，山参叶精油对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性比大肠杆菌更强。
{"title":"UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus x hystryx) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Yurisa Yurisa, M. A. Wibowo","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36905","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils of Jeruk Sambal leaves (Citrus x hystryx) have as antibacterial agents. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of dried Jeruk Sambal leaves originating from Sungai Kakap area against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Stages in this study were divided into two stages (1) isolation of volatile oil by steam distillation, (2) test the antibacterial activity by pitting diffusion method. Essential oil yield of 0.22% was obtained. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil of Jeruk Sambal leaves dried has 4 main compounds, namely elemol (26.27%), β-eudesmol (14.47%), 2-β-pinene (13.84%) and linalool (7.77%). The test results showed that the antibacterial activity of essential oils of Jeruk Sambal leaves was more active in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus than E. coli bacteria.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76391291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34193
Setyo Widayanti, R. Rudiyansyah, A. H. Alimuddin
Limonoid has been isolated from orange seeds of Citrus microcarpa Bunge using extraction and partitioning methods. It is a yellowish-white crystal with a melting point of 276-277 oC. Based on the phytochemical analysis and FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR and compared with the literature, the compound is limonin which is a triterpenoid. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure and evaluate antioxidant activity of the limonin. The antioxidant activity by DPPH obtained IC50 value of limonin was 199.18 ppm. Whereas, the test antioxidant activity by FRAP method using a comparative solution of ascorbic acid showed that there was an increasingly blue color change, which meant that antioxidant activity was stronger with activity value of 11.88 mgAAE /g sample.
{"title":"PENENTUAN STRUKTUR SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN LIMONOID DARI BIJI JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) KALIMANTAN BARAT","authors":"Setyo Widayanti, R. Rudiyansyah, A. H. Alimuddin","doi":"10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34193","url":null,"abstract":"Limonoid has been isolated from orange seeds of Citrus microcarpa Bunge using extraction and partitioning methods. It is a yellowish-white crystal with a melting point of 276-277 oC. Based on the phytochemical analysis and FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR and compared with the literature, the compound is limonin which is a triterpenoid. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure and evaluate antioxidant activity of the limonin. The antioxidant activity by DPPH obtained IC50 value of limonin was 199.18 ppm. Whereas, the test antioxidant activity by FRAP method using a comparative solution of ascorbic acid showed that there was an increasingly blue color change, which meant that antioxidant activity was stronger with activity value of 11.88 mgAAE /g sample.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86654841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34195
R. Ridwan, Gusrizal Gusrizal, N. Nurlina, S. J. Santosa
Silver nanoparticles capped with salicylic acid have been synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate with salicylic acid without additional capping agent. In the formation of silver nanoparticles, the solution of silver nitrate was first mixed with the pH 11 salicylic acid solutions at a mole ratio of 1:40. The mixture was heated for 45 minutes in a boiling water bath. The formation of silver nanoparticles was indicated by the appearance of yellow color and monitored using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum peak of resulted silver nanoparticles appeared in the range of 410-420 nm with the average size of particles was 66±28 nm. Stability test over a period of 16 weeks showed that silver nanoparticles capped with salicylic acid were stable. The results of stability test show that salicylic acid simultaneously act as reducing as well as capping agent in the formation of silver nanoparticles.
{"title":"SINTESIS DAN STUDI STABILITAS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK TERTUDUNG ASAM SALISILAT","authors":"R. Ridwan, Gusrizal Gusrizal, N. Nurlina, S. J. Santosa","doi":"10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34195","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles capped with salicylic acid have been synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate with salicylic acid without additional capping agent. In the formation of silver nanoparticles, the solution of silver nitrate was first mixed with the pH 11 salicylic acid solutions at a mole ratio of 1:40. The mixture was heated for 45 minutes in a boiling water bath. The formation of silver nanoparticles was indicated by the appearance of yellow color and monitored using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum peak of resulted silver nanoparticles appeared in the range of 410-420 nm with the average size of particles was 66±28 nm. Stability test over a period of 16 weeks showed that silver nanoparticles capped with salicylic acid were stable. The results of stability test show that salicylic acid simultaneously act as reducing as well as capping agent in the formation of silver nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73342147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34205
Norvi Fatmawati, T. Usman, Titin Anita Zahara
Pontianak peel fruit waste contains pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which can be used as heavy metal adsorbents by modifying using Ca(OH)2. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of calcium-modified Pontianak Citrus adsorbents (JeP-Oca), determine the maximum capacity of Fe(II) adsorption by JeP-OCa, and JeP-OCa adsorption kinetics. The characteristics of the adsorbent were analyzed using the Fourier Transformation Infra Red (FTIR) showing the functional groups of –OH and -COOH, Electron Scanning (SEM) Microscopy showing the surface structure of the canal and many irregular niches. The adsorption isotherm method with the BET model showed a large difference in porous surface area, namely 104.872 m2/g for JeP, 242.649 m2/g for JeP-ONa and 3759.745 m2/g for JeP-OCa. Optimization of the influence of pH, adsorbent mass, adsorbate concentration, and time using the column method. Adsorption isotherm followed the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity value of 22.7272 mg/g. Fulfill the pseudo-order 2 reaction kinetics with a rate constant value of 4.097 L/mg. Min. The adsorption application using groundwater resulted in absorption efficiency of 82.99%.
{"title":"BIOADSORPSI Fe(II) OLEH KULIT BUAH JERUK Citrus nobilis Lour. var microcarpa TERMODIFIKASI Ca(OH)2","authors":"Norvi Fatmawati, T. Usman, Titin Anita Zahara","doi":"10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34205","url":null,"abstract":"Pontianak peel fruit waste contains pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which can be used as heavy metal adsorbents by modifying using Ca(OH)2. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of calcium-modified Pontianak Citrus adsorbents (JeP-Oca), determine the maximum capacity of Fe(II) adsorption by JeP-OCa, and JeP-OCa adsorption kinetics. The characteristics of the adsorbent were analyzed using the Fourier Transformation Infra Red (FTIR) showing the functional groups of –OH and -COOH, Electron Scanning (SEM) Microscopy showing the surface structure of the canal and many irregular niches. The adsorption isotherm method with the BET model showed a large difference in porous surface area, namely 104.872 m2/g for JeP, 242.649 m2/g for JeP-ONa and 3759.745 m2/g for JeP-OCa. Optimization of the influence of pH, adsorbent mass, adsorbate concentration, and time using the column method. Adsorption isotherm followed the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity value of 22.7272 mg/g. Fulfill the pseudo-order 2 reaction kinetics with a rate constant value of 4.097 L/mg. Min. The adsorption application using groundwater resulted in absorption efficiency of 82.99%.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82901966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34196
Mas Inda Putrinesia, N. Nurlina, W. Rahmalia
Research on the study of kinetics and isotherm adsorption of Pb(II) by polyaniline/silica gel (PANI/SiO2) composite from glass waste has successfully been done. The polymerization of silica gel was prepared by sol-gel process. Meanwhile, PANI/SiO2 composite was prepared using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as its dopants and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for oxidation process. Composition of oxide compound in PANI/SiO2 composite was analyzed by X-Ray Fluorosence (XRF) and Gas Sorption Analyzer (GSA). Adsorption of Pb(II) was carried out by contacting PANI/SiO2 with Pb(NO3)2 solution for 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes, with concentrations of 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 mg/L. The optimum contact time was reached at 40 minutes. This adsorption followed pseudo-second order model with R2= 0.996. The first optimum adsorption capacity was reached in the concentration of 250 mg/L. Isotherm adsorption followed Langmuir models with R2= 0.954 (monolayer capacity= 51.02 mg/g).
{"title":"ADSORPTION OF Pb(II) BY POLYANILINE/SILICA GEL COMPOSITE: KINETICS AND ISOTHERM STUDIES","authors":"Mas Inda Putrinesia, N. Nurlina, W. Rahmalia","doi":"10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/INDONESIAN.V1I3.34196","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the study of kinetics and isotherm adsorption of Pb(II) by polyaniline/silica gel (PANI/SiO2) composite from glass waste has successfully been done. The polymerization of silica gel was prepared by sol-gel process. Meanwhile, PANI/SiO2 composite was prepared using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as its dopants and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for oxidation process. Composition of oxide compound in PANI/SiO2 composite was analyzed by X-Ray Fluorosence (XRF) and Gas Sorption Analyzer (GSA). Adsorption of Pb(II) was carried out by contacting PANI/SiO2 with Pb(NO3)2 solution for 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes, with concentrations of 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 mg/L. The optimum contact time was reached at 40 minutes. This adsorption followed pseudo-second order model with R2= 0.996. The first optimum adsorption capacity was reached in the concentration of 250 mg/L. Isotherm adsorption followed Langmuir models with R2= 0.954 (monolayer capacity= 51.02 mg/g).","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83574822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36921
Muhamad Rokim
3′,4′-dimethoxy flavonol have been synthesized from 3,4-dimethoxy-2’-hydroxychalcon under basic condition (KOH). The structures of all compounds were characterized based on the interpretation of HPLC chromatorgrams and spectroscopic data including UV, FTIR, NMR and HRMS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay and anticancer activity was evaluated using the MTS assay which showed that the 3′,4′-dimethoxy flavonol was active as antioxidants and weak anticancer activity.
{"title":"SINTESIS, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIKANKER SENYAWA 3′,4′-DIMETHOXY FLAVONOL","authors":"Muhamad Rokim","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36921","url":null,"abstract":"3′,4′-dimethoxy flavonol have been synthesized from 3,4-dimethoxy-2’-hydroxychalcon under basic condition (KOH). The structures of all compounds were characterized based on the interpretation of HPLC chromatorgrams and spectroscopic data including UV, FTIR, NMR and HRMS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay and anticancer activity was evaluated using the MTS assay which showed that the 3′,4′-dimethoxy flavonol was active as antioxidants and weak anticancer activity.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87897554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36945
F. Fitriani, M. A. Wibowo, A. Alimuddin
Kesum have a scientific name Polygonum Minus Huds is one of the endemic plants originating from West Borneo. Extracts of kesum leaf is easily damaged and the compounds contained therei are volatile. Therefore it is necessary to take measures to protect the extracts of kesum leaf. One effort that can be made to im exprove the stability of the compounds in the extract is by the process of encapsulation. This process needs to be done so that the leaf extract can last longer so it can be used for various purposes. Encapsulation aims to protect sensitive material components and reduce the degradation of the active compounds in the material. This study aims to determine the effect of mass of core materials on the efficiency of encapsulation and antioxidant activity and the effect of temperature on encapsulation. The results showed that the encapsulated with the mass of core material 10% gave the highest efficiency of 89.7%. The mass of the core material affects the encapsulation efficiency, the less the core material will provide a high value of encapsulation efficiency. Enkapsulates containing n-heksan fractions of 444.53 ppm have a lower value IC50, thus having better antioxidant activity properties. The stability of the encapsulated antioxidant activity performed at room temperature 25◦C at 10% n-hexane fraction yielded 88.36% ihibisi on day 1, 80.90% on day 3, 79.67% on day 6 and 78.04% on day 9. Activity the antioxidant encapsulant on the first day at room temperature 25◦C is better than the third, sixth and ninth days. SEM leaf extract analysis results have uneven spherical particles, no visible fracture or pore holes as large as encapsulation have round particles that are almost as large.
Kesum有一个学名Polygonum Minus Huds是一种源自西婆罗洲的特有植物。kesum叶提取物易被破坏，其所含化合物具有挥发性。因此，有必要采取措施保护kesum叶提取物。可以通过包封的方法来改善提取物中化合物的稳定性。这个过程需要完成，这样叶子提取物可以持续更长时间，这样它就可以用于各种目的。封装的目的是保护材料的敏感成分，减少材料中活性化合物的降解。本研究旨在确定芯材质量对包封效率和抗氧化活性的影响，以及温度对包封的影响。结果表明，芯材质量为10%时，封装效率最高，为89.7%。芯材的质量影响封装效率，芯材的质量越少，提供的封装效率值越高。含有444.53 ppm n-heksan组分的胶囊IC50值较低，因此具有较好的抗氧化活性。室温25℃，正己烷含量为10%时，包封抗氧化活性的稳定性为:第1天为88.36%，第3天为80.90%，第6天为79.67%，第9天为78.04%。抗氧化包封剂在室温25℃下第1天的活性优于第3天、第6天和第9天。SEM叶提取物分析结果有不均匀的球形颗粒，没有可见的断裂或与包封一样大的孔洞，有几乎与包封一样大的圆形颗粒。
{"title":"ENKAPSULASI FRAKSI N-HEKSAN DAUN KESUM (Polygonum Minus Huds) TERSALUT Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) DAN PATI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DENGAN TEKNIK FREEZE DRYING","authors":"F. Fitriani, M. A. Wibowo, A. Alimuddin","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36945","url":null,"abstract":"Kesum have a scientific name Polygonum Minus Huds is one of the endemic plants originating from West Borneo. Extracts of kesum leaf is easily damaged and the compounds contained therei are volatile. Therefore it is necessary to take measures to protect the extracts of kesum leaf. One effort that can be made to im exprove the stability of the compounds in the extract is by the process of encapsulation. This process needs to be done so that the leaf extract can last longer so it can be used for various purposes. Encapsulation aims to protect sensitive material components and reduce the degradation of the active compounds in the material. This study aims to determine the effect of mass of core materials on the efficiency of encapsulation and antioxidant activity and the effect of temperature on encapsulation. The results showed that the encapsulated with the mass of core material 10% gave the highest efficiency of 89.7%. The mass of the core material affects the encapsulation efficiency, the less the core material will provide a high value of encapsulation efficiency. Enkapsulates containing n-heksan fractions of 444.53 ppm have a lower value IC50, thus having better antioxidant activity properties. The stability of the encapsulated antioxidant activity performed at room temperature 25◦C at 10% n-hexane fraction yielded 88.36% ihibisi on day 1, 80.90% on day 3, 79.67% on day 6 and 78.04% on day 9. Activity the antioxidant encapsulant on the first day at room temperature 25◦C is better than the third, sixth and ninth days. SEM leaf extract analysis results have uneven spherical particles, no visible fracture or pore holes as large as encapsulation have round particles that are almost as large.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91204139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36947
Herlinda Djohan, Ari Widiyantoro, A. Shofiyani
Flavonoid is one of the phenolic compounds that can complex metals. One of the native plants of Indonesia which has the potential as a metal complexor is the andong plant (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev). The isolation process to obtain pure compound are extraction, fractionation, and separation by chromatography. Chromatography method using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), gravity column chromatography (GCC) and preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC). This research obtained relatively pure isolate F2.8. The IR (KBr) data on wave numbers of isolate F2.8 were 3430; 2925-2855; 1749; 1609-1512; 1171 and 1100 cm-1.The result of the spectrum 1H-NMR showed flavonoid compound has similar typical spectrum of apigenin compound which showed chemical shift (δH ppm) : 6.85 (1H, s, H-3); 6.29 (1H, s H-6); 6.57 (1H, H-8); 7.03 (2H, d, J = 11.96 Hz, H-3’, H-5’); 8.03 (2H, d, J = 11.72 Hz, H-2’, H-6’). The UV-Vis (CH3OH) spectrum data of isolate F2.8 after the addition of Fe2+ showed a shift at λmax towards a greater direction with a batochromic shift which was caused a decrease in absorbance after the addition of iron (Fe2+) 20 ppm namely: 290 nm; 305 nm with respectively absorbances of 1.62 A; 0.42 A. Based on these data, isolate F2.8 is apigenin which is capable of complexing Fe2+.
{"title":"ISOLATION OF FLAVONOID FROM ANDONG LEAVES (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev.) AND ITS ACTIVITY AS COMPLEXOR OF Fe2+","authors":"Herlinda Djohan, Ari Widiyantoro, A. Shofiyani","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i1.36947","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoid is one of the phenolic compounds that can complex metals. One of the native plants of Indonesia which has the potential as a metal complexor is the andong plant (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev). The isolation process to obtain pure compound are extraction, fractionation, and separation by chromatography. Chromatography method using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), gravity column chromatography (GCC) and preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC). This research obtained relatively pure isolate F2.8. The IR (KBr) data on wave numbers of isolate F2.8 were 3430; 2925-2855; 1749; 1609-1512; 1171 and 1100 cm-1.The result of the spectrum 1H-NMR showed flavonoid compound has similar typical spectrum of apigenin compound which showed chemical shift (δH ppm) : 6.85 (1H, s, H-3); 6.29 (1H, s H-6); 6.57 (1H, H-8); 7.03 (2H, d, J = 11.96 Hz, H-3’, H-5’); 8.03 (2H, d, J = 11.72 Hz, H-2’, H-6’). The UV-Vis (CH3OH) spectrum data of isolate F2.8 after the addition of Fe2+ showed a shift at λmax towards a greater direction with a batochromic shift which was caused a decrease in absorbance after the addition of iron (Fe2+) 20 ppm namely: 290 nm; 305 nm with respectively absorbances of 1.62 A; 0.42 A. Based on these data, isolate F2.8 is apigenin which is capable of complexing Fe2+.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84992805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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