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2013 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)最新文献

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Reliability characterization and FEM modeling of power devices under repetitive power pulsing 重复功率脉冲作用下功率器件可靠性表征及有限元建模
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532033
F. Pozzobon, D. Paci, G. Pizzo, A. Buri, S. Morin, F. Carace, A. Andreini, D. Gastaldi, E. Bertarelli, R. Lucchini, P. Vena
In this work a combined experimental/numerical approach to describe the thermo-mechanical behavior of power devices under repetitive power pulsing is presented. Stress tests have been carried out on power DMOS implemented in Smart Power BCD technology with different Back-End Of Line (BEOL) schemes, including, for the first time, full Copper. Mechanical laboratory nano-indentation tests have been used to determine constituent properties of the metal layers. Thermo-mechanical 3D FEM modeling has been used to simulate a multi-cycle thermal loading of a whole power device with its package. Results from simulation have been qualitatively compared to experimental results.
在这项工作中,提出了一种结合实验/数值方法来描述重复功率脉冲下功率器件的热力学行为。采用智能电源BCD技术的功率DMOS采用不同的后端线路(BEOL)方案进行了压力测试,首次包括全铜方案。机械实验室纳米压痕测试已用于确定金属层的组成特性。采用热力学三维有限元模拟方法,对某动力装置及其组件的多周期热载荷进行了模拟。仿真结果与实验结果进行了定性比较。
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引用次数: 14
Random telegraph noise (RTN) in scaled RRAM devices 缩放RRAM器件中的随机电报噪声(RTN)
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532101
Dmitry Veksler, G. Bersuker, L. Vandelli, A. Padovani, L. Larcher, A. Muraviev, Bhaswar Chakrabarti, Eric M. Vogel, David Gilmer, Paul Kirsch
The random telegraph noise (RTN) related read instability in resistive random access memory (RRAM) is evaluated by employing the RTN peak-to-peak (P-p) amplitude as a figure of merit (FoM). Variation of the FoM value over multiple set/reset cycles is found to follow the log-normal distribution. P-p decreases with the reduction of the read current, which allows scaling of the RRAM operating current. The RTN effect is attributed to the mechanism of activation/deactivation of the electron traps in (in HRS) or near (in LRS) the filament that affects the current through the RRAM device.
采用随机电报噪声(RTN)峰值(P-p)幅值作为优点值(FoM)来评估电阻式随机存取存储器(RRAM)中随机电报噪声(RTN)相关的读取不稳定性。发现FoM值在多个设置/重置周期内的变化遵循对数正态分布。P-p随着读电流的减小而减小,这允许缩放RRAM工作电流。RTN效应是由于灯丝内(在HRS中)或灯丝附近(在LRS中)的电子阱的激活/失活机制影响通过RRAM器件的电流。
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引用次数: 75
Models of oxygen vacancy defects involved in degradation of gate dielectrics 栅极电介质降解过程中氧空位缺陷的模型
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532018
A. Shluger, K. McKenna
Capture and emission of carriers by point defects in gate dielectrics, such as SiO2 and HfO2, and at their interfaces with the substrate is thought to be responsible for the performance and reliability issues in MOS devices, in particular, 1/f noise, negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), and long-term dielectric reliability and degradation. The ultra-thin silicon dioxide layer present at the interface between Si and high-k films plays a critical role in the performance of high-k gate oxide stacks. However, detailed atomistic models relating device electrical characteristics to the properties of defects in gate dielectrics are only starting to emerge. We review some of the theoretical models proposed for oxygen deficient defects in silica and hafnia and their charge trapping behavior. These models are related to physical characterization of degradation processes in CMOS devices.
通过栅极介质(如SiO2和HfO2)及其与衬底界面处的点缺陷捕获和发射载流子被认为是MOS器件性能和可靠性问题的原因,特别是1/f噪声、负偏置温度不稳定性(NBTI)和长期介电可靠性和退化。超薄二氧化硅层存在于硅和高钾薄膜之间的界面,对高钾栅极氧化物堆的性能起着至关重要的作用。然而,将器件电学特性与栅极电介质中缺陷的性质联系起来的详细原子模型才刚刚开始出现。本文综述了二氧化硅和铪中氧缺陷的一些理论模型及其电荷俘获行为。这些模型与CMOS器件中退化过程的物理表征有关。
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引用次数: 11
Investigation of single-trap-induced random telegraph noise for tunnel FET based devices, 8T SRAM cell, and sense amplifiers 隧道场效应管器件、8T SRAM单元和感测放大器中单阱诱导随机电报噪声的研究
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532068
M. Fan, V. Hu, Yin-Nien Chen, P. Su, C. Chuang
This paper analyzes the impacts of Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) caused by a single acceptor-type trap on Tunnel FET (TFET) based devices, 8T SRAM cell and sense amplifiers. 3D atomistic TCAD simulations accounting for the impact of localized/negatively-charged trap are utilized to assess the dependence of RTN amplitude (ΔID/ID) on trap location and device geometry. Our results indicate that significant RTN impact occurs for trap located near the tunneling junction. The device design strategies (thinner EOT, Wfin and longer Leff) to improve TFET device characteristics are found to increase the susceptibility to RTN. Furthermore, TFET-based standard 8T SRAM cell and several commonly used sense amplifiers including Current Latch Sense Amplifier (CLSA), Voltage Latch Sense Amplifier (VLSA), and single-ended large-signal inverter sense amplifier are examined using atomistic 3D TCAD mixed-mode simulations. The presence of RTN is shown to cause extra ~16% variations in cell stability (at Vdd = 0.3V) and additional ~80mV variation in offset voltage for sense amplifiers at Vdd = 0.5V.
本文分析了由单一受体型陷阱引起的随机电报噪声(RTN)对基于隧道场效应晶体管(TFET)的器件、8T SRAM单元和感测放大器的影响。考虑局域/负电荷陷阱影响的三维原子TCAD模拟被用来评估RTN振幅(ΔID/ID)对陷阱位置和器件几何形状的依赖。我们的研究结果表明,位于隧道交界处附近的陷阱会产生显著的RTN影响。采用更薄的EOT、Wfin和更长的Leff等器件设计策略来改善TFET器件特性会增加对RTN的敏感性。此外,通过原子三维TCAD混合模式仿真,对基于tfet的标准8T SRAM单元和几种常用的感测放大器,包括电流锁存器感测放大器(CLSA)、电压锁存器感测放大器(VLSA)和单端大信号逆变感测放大器进行了研究。RTN的存在导致电池稳定性(Vdd = 0.3V)额外~16%的变化,Vdd = 0.5V时感测放大器的失调电压额外~80mV的变化。
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引用次数: 9
Resistance instabilities in a filament-based resistive memory 基于细丝的电阻存储器中的电阻不稳定性
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532040
F. Chen, Heng-Yuan Lee, Yu-Sheng Chen, S. Z. Rahaman, Chen-Han Tsai, K. Tsai, T. Wu, Weisu Chen, P. Gu, Yu-De Lin, S. Sheu, M. Tsai, Li-heng Lee, T. Ku, Pang-Shiu Chen
Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is a promising new non-volatile memory technology capable of operating at low power as well as high speed. Although RRAM is capable of lower energy consumption and substantially more cycles than Flash memory, comprehending and maintaining its ability to store data under stressed conditions remains the key challenge for mainstream acceptance. This in large part is due to the filamentary nature of the RRAM element at the nanoscale. A filament-based resistive memory is based on the formation of current-conducting path (filaments) from defects, e.g., oxygen vacancies. The defects often lead to trap-limited current conduction. Without proper process control or RESET algorithms, unwanted defects may be added near the filaments under device stress, further aggravating the resistance instabilities.
电阻式随机存取存储器(RRAM)是一种具有低功耗、高速度的新型非易失性存储器技术。尽管RRAM具有比闪存更低的能耗和更多的周期,但理解和保持其在压力条件下存储数据的能力仍然是主流接受的关键挑战。这在很大程度上是由于纳米级RRAM元件的丝状特性。基于细丝的电阻性存储器是基于从缺陷(例如氧空位)形成的电流传导路径(细丝)。这些缺陷常常导致陷阱限制电流传导。如果没有适当的工艺控制或RESET算法,在器件应力作用下,灯丝附近可能会增加不必要的缺陷,进一步加剧电阻的不稳定性。
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引用次数: 14
Length and fin number dependence of ionizing radiation-induced degradation in bulk FinFETs 电离辐射诱导体finfet降解的长度和翅片数依赖性
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532115
I. Chatterjee, E. Zhang, B. Bhuva, D. Fleetwood, Y. Fang, A. Oates
Ultra-small bulk FinFETs (dual-well and triple-well) from a commercial process have been exposed to total ionizing dose. The devices have varying numbers of fins and channel length. The devices show a significant increase in off-state leakage current, threshold voltage shift, transconductance and subthreshold slope degradation after irradiation to 300 krad(SiO2). The results also show a strong dependence of fin-to-fin variation and trapped charge in the STI on the radiation response of the devices.
超小体积finfet(双孔和三孔)已经暴露在总电离剂量下。该装置具有不同数量的鳍和通道长度。辐照至300 krad(SiO2)后,器件的非稳态泄漏电流、阈值电压偏移、跨导和亚阈值斜率退化显著增加。结果还表明,鳍对鳍的变化和STI中捕获的电荷对器件的辐射响应有很强的依赖性。
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引用次数: 14
Advances in industrial practices for optimal performance/reliability/power trade-off in commercial high-performance microprocessors for wireless applications 在无线应用的商用高性能微处理器中实现最佳性能/可靠性/功率权衡的工业实践进展
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6531998
V. Huard, F. Cacho, L. Claramond, P. Alves, W. Dalkowski, D. Jacquet, S. Lecomte, M. Tan, B. Delemer, A. Kamoun, V. Fraisse
This paper deals with the challenge of optimizing the performance/reliability/power trade-off in commercial high-performance microprocessors for wireless applications in advanced CMOS nodes. Both the increased impact of electrical reliability degradation and an increased thermal runaway risk require a dedicated approach combining product engineering and high-level modeling approach to achieve optimal reliability guardband determination even in the case of numerous, discrete V-F operating modes and their related mission profiles.
本文讨论了在先进CMOS节点的无线应用中优化商用高性能微处理器的性能/可靠性/功耗权衡的挑战。电气可靠性下降的影响和热失控风险的增加都需要一种结合产品工程和高级建模方法的专用方法,即使在众多离散的V-F操作模式及其相关任务剖面的情况下,也能实现最佳可靠性保护带的确定。
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引用次数: 4
Compact modeling for simulation of circuit reliability: Historical and industrial perspectives 电路可靠性仿真的紧凑建模:历史和工业观点
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6531941
P. M. Lee
This paper provides a historical background of the first developments of compact modeling for circuit-level reliability simulation at UC Berkeley, and the subsequent implementation into the BERT reliability simulator more than 20 years ago. A brief description of the advancement in the technology since then is given, and some industrial perspectives are summarized concerning how such a tool can be used to effectively optimize product design while ensuring reliability, as well as clarifying issues which still remain in the industrial design environment.
本文介绍了20多年前在加州大学伯克利分校首次发展电路级可靠性仿真的紧凑建模,以及随后在BERT可靠性模拟器中实现的历史背景。简要描述了自那时以来技术的进步,并总结了一些工业观点,即如何使用这样的工具来有效地优化产品设计,同时确保可靠性,以及澄清仍然存在于工业设计环境中的问题。
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引用次数: 6
Investigation of the impact of the oxide thickness and RESET conditions on disturb in HfO2-RRAM integrated in a 65nm CMOS technology 研究了氧化物厚度和RESET条件对65纳米CMOS技术集成HfO2-RRAM干扰的影响
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532043
T. Diokh, E. Le-Roux, S. Jeannot, M. Gros-Jean, P. Candelier, J. Nodin, V. Jousseaume, L. Perniola, H. Grampeix, T. Cabout, E. Jalaguier, M. Guillermet, B. De Salvo
In this work, a comprehensive investigation of disturb in HfO2-Resistive Random Access Memories (RRAM) integrated in an advanced 65nm technology is presented. The effects of the oxide thickness and RESET conditions on disturb immunity of the High-Resistance-State (HRS) are explored. Constant Voltage Stress is applied on a large amount of samples at various temperatures. Data are collected and analyzed on a statistical basis. The SET dependence to the RESET conditions is investigated and correlated to the length of the induced depleted gap along the conductive filament. The conduction mechanism of the HRS is correlated to the failure/SET process of the RRAM device through a voltage acceleration model. It is shown that thicker dielectric oxide and stronger RESET conditions give rise to longer failure times.
在这项工作中,全面研究了集成在先进65nm技术中的hfo2 -电阻式随机存取存储器(RRAM)中的干扰。探讨了氧化层厚度和RESET条件对高阻态(HRS)抗扰性的影响。在不同温度下对大量样品施加恒压应力。在统计的基础上收集和分析数据。研究了SET对RESET条件的依赖关系,并将其与沿导电丝的诱导耗尽间隙长度相关联。通过电压加速模型将HRS的传导机制与RRAM器件的失效/SET过程联系起来。结果表明,较厚的介质氧化物和较强的RESET条件会导致较长的失效时间。
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引用次数: 40
A comprehensive AC / DC NBTI model: Stress, recovery, frequency, duty cycle and process dependence 一个全面的AC / DC NBTI模型:应力,恢复,频率,占空比和过程依赖
Pub Date : 2013-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/IRPS.2013.6532117
S. Desai, S. Mukhopadhyay, N. Goel, N. Nanaware, B. Jose, K. Joshi, S. Mahapatra
A comprehensive NBTI framework using the H/H2 RD model for interface traps and 2 well model for hole traps has been proposed and used to predict DC and AC experiments. The framework is validated against experimental data from different DC stress and recovery conditions, AC frequency and duty cycle, measurement speed, and across SiON and HKMG devices having different gate insulator processes. Limitations of the alternative 2 stage model framework is discussed.
提出了一个综合的NBTI框架,使用H/H2 RD模型来预测界面圈闭和2井模型来预测空穴圈闭,并将其用于预测直流和交流实验。根据不同的直流应力和恢复条件、交流频率和占空比、测量速度以及具有不同栅极绝缘子工艺的SiON和HKMG器件的实验数据验证了该框架。讨论了可选的两阶段模型框架的局限性。
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引用次数: 52
期刊
2013 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)
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