Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.023
I Made Yulistya Negara, Dimas Anton Asfani, I. G. N. Satriyadi Hernanda, Daniar Fahmi, Arief Budi Ksatria, Ariel Kevin S. H. Hutabarat
There are three types of insulators, namely glass, ceramic, and polymer. Although polymers have hydrophobic properties that make them superior to other materials. However, in its application, ceramic and glass insulators are still used because they are cheaper. Environmental conditions around the work location of the insulator greatly affect its performance. Areas with high levels of pollution will result in the insulator being damaged quickly. The effect of seawater and fly-ash contaminants on the three types of insulators is discussed in this study. Experimental approaches and FEM-based simulations have been carried out. Pollution levels in seawater contaminants were standardized using ESDD. Meanwhile, the level of pollution in fly-ash contaminants is standardized using NSDD. Simulations and experiments were carried out at four levels of contamination, namely light, medium, heavy and very heavy. Then the simulation and test results are compared. The greater the ESDD and NSDD values, the greater the leakage current.
{"title":"Investigation of Insulator Performance Under Artificial Contaminants","authors":"I Made Yulistya Negara, Dimas Anton Asfani, I. G. N. Satriyadi Hernanda, Daniar Fahmi, Arief Budi Ksatria, Ariel Kevin S. H. Hutabarat","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.023","url":null,"abstract":"There are three types of insulators, namely glass, ceramic, and polymer. Although polymers have hydrophobic properties that make them superior to other materials. However, in its application, ceramic and glass insulators are still used because they are cheaper. Environmental conditions around the work location of the insulator greatly affect its performance. Areas with high levels of pollution will result in the insulator being damaged quickly. The effect of seawater and fly-ash contaminants on the three types of insulators is discussed in this study. Experimental approaches and FEM-based simulations have been carried out. Pollution levels in seawater contaminants were standardized using ESDD. Meanwhile, the level of pollution in fly-ash contaminants is standardized using NSDD. Simulations and experiments were carried out at four levels of contamination, namely light, medium, heavy and very heavy. Then the simulation and test results are compared. The greater the ESDD and NSDD values, the greater the leakage current.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.030
A. Rashidi, A. A. Abdullah, M. I. Safawi, N. S. H. Harith
A moderate earthquake with 6.0-magnitude hit Sabah in 2015 especially in Ranau, Sabah has been labelled as one of the most powerful earthquakes ever in Malaysia. Numerous buildings in Sabah have become defective with the severity level of damages as absolute (non-repairable) in the RC beam-column joints and soft-storey structures. Seismic design and construction requirements were not considered in most buildings in Sabah. Hence, this research is to investigate how to mitigate the effect of earthquake on the low-rise building using a more practical and economical method. A stilt house model is developed using ABAQUS software to determine the behaviour of the stilt, low-rise building subjected to earthquake by constructing shear wall at the short columns support. There are 4 models constructed namely, frame model without shear wall (W1), with shear wall of 100mm (W2), 300mm (W3) and 500mm (W4). The results of seismic response are evaluated and compared. Different length of shear wall affects the displacement and stress of the frame model. As shear wall length increases, the displacement, stress at columns and stress at walls decreases. Thus, adding a shear wall can be used to retrofit stilt houses and a credible way to mitigate damage due to earthquake load for new houses along hill slopes
{"title":"Rectification of Sabah Stilt House Using Shear Wall Subjected to Earthquake","authors":"A. Rashidi, A. A. Abdullah, M. I. Safawi, N. S. H. Harith","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.030","url":null,"abstract":"A moderate earthquake with 6.0-magnitude hit Sabah in 2015 especially in Ranau, Sabah has been labelled as one of the most powerful earthquakes ever in Malaysia. Numerous buildings in Sabah have become defective with the severity level of damages as absolute (non-repairable) in the RC beam-column joints and soft-storey structures. Seismic design and construction requirements were not considered in most buildings in Sabah. Hence, this research is to investigate how to mitigate the effect of earthquake on the low-rise building using a more practical and economical method. A stilt house model is developed using ABAQUS software to determine the behaviour of the stilt, low-rise building subjected to earthquake by constructing shear wall at the short columns support. There are 4 models constructed namely, frame model without shear wall (W1), with shear wall of 100mm (W2), 300mm (W3) and 500mm (W4). The results of seismic response are evaluated and compared. Different length of shear wall affects the displacement and stress of the frame model. As shear wall length increases, the displacement, stress at columns and stress at walls decreases. Thus, adding a shear wall can be used to retrofit stilt houses and a credible way to mitigate damage due to earthquake load for new houses along hill slopes","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.006
Andi Sanata, Imam Sholahuddin, Ahmad Adib Rosyadi, Hendry Y. Nanlohy, Muhammad Dimyati Nashrullah, Ilyas Nugraha Budi Erawan, Santoso Mulyadi, Mochamad E. Ramadhan
This study observes the flame characteristics of the biogas in micro/meso-scale (MSC) combustion technology, namely in a cylindrical MSC. For comparison, the fuel and combustor variations were carried out with backward-facing step size (bfs) as the flame holder in the combustor.The bfs are varied by changing the combustor's length of the inlet diameter. However, the size of the outlet diameter of the combustor is always constant to obtain a continuous combustion reaction zone. Biogas/methane (CH4), butane gas (C4H10), and a mixture of biogas-butane are used as fuel, with air as the oxidizing agent. The results showed that the type of fuel, reactant flow velocity, and equivalent ratio that occurred in the fuel variation and the bfs variation of the cylindrical msc influenced the flame characterization. Stable flame forms in the stoichiometric to rich equivalent ratio area and the medium to high reactant velocity area. The result shows that the equivalent ratio (φ) is 1.23 –1.44, the flame stability limit at the combustor ratio of 0.7, and biogas fuel has low flame stability compared to butane and the biogas-butane mixture. Moreover, the flame can be stable on butane fuel in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.85 –1.43 and (φ) 0.86 –1.19 for the biogas-butane fuel mixture. Furthermore, when the D1/D2 increases, the flame stability of biogas tends to be wider than when the combustor ratio is 0.7, where the equivalent ratio (φ) is 0.98 –1.42. The result also shows that the flame can be stable on butane fuel in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.71 –1.43, and for the biogas-butane fuel mixture, the flame can be stable in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.69 –1.32. However, the best characterization of biogas combustion is formed in the variation of biogas treatment by mixing butane gas (biogas-butane). One of the methods used is called with a wider flame stability limit area. More varied flame visualization variations with a more widely distributed flame mode map, flame, and combustor wall temperature. The result shows that the combustor wall temperature of butane is around 225-250 °C, higher than the characterization of biogas combustion around 150°C, where it's without mixing butane gas for the possible test ranges.
{"title":"Characterization of Biogas as an Alternative Fuel in Micro-Scale Combustion Technology","authors":"Andi Sanata, Imam Sholahuddin, Ahmad Adib Rosyadi, Hendry Y. Nanlohy, Muhammad Dimyati Nashrullah, Ilyas Nugraha Budi Erawan, Santoso Mulyadi, Mochamad E. Ramadhan","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"This study observes the flame characteristics of the biogas in micro/meso-scale (MSC) combustion technology, namely in a cylindrical MSC. For comparison, the fuel and combustor variations were carried out with backward-facing step size (bfs) as the flame holder in the combustor.The bfs are varied by changing the combustor's length of the inlet diameter. However, the size of the outlet diameter of the combustor is always constant to obtain a continuous combustion reaction zone. Biogas/methane (CH4), butane gas (C4H10), and a mixture of biogas-butane are used as fuel, with air as the oxidizing agent. The results showed that the type of fuel, reactant flow velocity, and equivalent ratio that occurred in the fuel variation and the bfs variation of the cylindrical msc influenced the flame characterization. Stable flame forms in the stoichiometric to rich equivalent ratio area and the medium to high reactant velocity area. The result shows that the equivalent ratio (φ) is 1.23 –1.44, the flame stability limit at the combustor ratio of 0.7, and biogas fuel has low flame stability compared to butane and the biogas-butane mixture. Moreover, the flame can be stable on butane fuel in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.85 –1.43 and (φ) 0.86 –1.19 for the biogas-butane fuel mixture. Furthermore, when the D1/D2 increases, the flame stability of biogas tends to be wider than when the combustor ratio is 0.7, where the equivalent ratio (φ) is 0.98 –1.42. The result also shows that the flame can be stable on butane fuel in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.71 –1.43, and for the biogas-butane fuel mixture, the flame can be stable in the equivalent ratio (φ) 0.69 –1.32. However, the best characterization of biogas combustion is formed in the variation of biogas treatment by mixing butane gas (biogas-butane). One of the methods used is called with a wider flame stability limit area. More varied flame visualization variations with a more widely distributed flame mode map, flame, and combustor wall temperature. The result shows that the combustor wall temperature of butane is around 225-250 °C, higher than the characterization of biogas combustion around 150°C, where it's without mixing butane gas for the possible test ranges.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.001
Celine Ng, Mohd Syahir Anwar Hamzah, Nadirul Hasraf Mat Nayan
Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme derived from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). Bromelain can be extracted from pineapple stems and fruits. Additionally, it can be derived from pineapple wastes such as the core, crown, and peel. Various extraction and purification methods such as reverse micellar system, aqueous two-phase system, chromatographic techniques, and membrane filtration have been used in order to produce high-qualitybromelain. Bromelain has been used clinically since 1876 and was first introduced as a therapeutic agent in 1957. Bromelain has gained increasing acceptance and compliance among patients as a phytotherapeutic drug due to its safety and lack of undesirable side effects. Bromelain is regarded as a nutrient that promotes wound healing due to the presence of several closely related proteinases that exhibit anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic, and debridement properties.
{"title":"Potential Role of Bromelain in Wound Healing Application: A Review","authors":"Celine Ng, Mohd Syahir Anwar Hamzah, Nadirul Hasraf Mat Nayan","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme derived from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). Bromelain can be extracted from pineapple stems and fruits. Additionally, it can be derived from pineapple wastes such as the core, crown, and peel. Various extraction and purification methods such as reverse micellar system, aqueous two-phase system, chromatographic techniques, and membrane filtration have been used in order to produce high-qualitybromelain. Bromelain has been used clinically since 1876 and was first introduced as a therapeutic agent in 1957. Bromelain has gained increasing acceptance and compliance among patients as a phytotherapeutic drug due to its safety and lack of undesirable side effects. Bromelain is regarded as a nutrient that promotes wound healing due to the presence of several closely related proteinases that exhibit anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic, and debridement properties.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.022
Khairul Rijal Wagiman, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Mohd Faiz Md Adnan, Imran Hussin, Salmiah Aziz
This paper proposes a fuzzy logic-based tuning model (FLTM) for daylight-linked control of the lighting system in an office room. The proposed FLTM considered a new method of dimming levels of light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires updating process to improve the performance of the developed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in terms of energy consumption and visual comfort metric and, at the same time, fully complies with the European Standard EN 12464-1. The artificial lighting system and daylight simulation were carried out using DIALux to model artificial lighting and daylight illuminance levels matrices. The proposed FLTM was developed and simulated using MATLAB and validated and compared with other controllers, including developed FLC and artificial neural network (ANN) based control. The simulation results showed that the proposed FLTM successfully improved the performance of developed FLC in terms of a fully satisfied visual comfort set-point. It also attained higher energy savings of 2% than ANN and achieved the closest to preset visual comfort compared with other controllers. Moreover, the proposed method consumes less computational effort, and it is easy to integrate with developed FLC and daylight-linked control of the lighting system.
{"title":"A Fuzzy Logic-Based Tuning Model in an Indoor Lighting System for Energy and Visual Comfort Management","authors":"Khairul Rijal Wagiman, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Mohd Faiz Md Adnan, Imran Hussin, Salmiah Aziz","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a fuzzy logic-based tuning model (FLTM) for daylight-linked control of the lighting system in an office room. The proposed FLTM considered a new method of dimming levels of light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires updating process to improve the performance of the developed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in terms of energy consumption and visual comfort metric and, at the same time, fully complies with the European Standard EN 12464-1. The artificial lighting system and daylight simulation were carried out using DIALux to model artificial lighting and daylight illuminance levels matrices. The proposed FLTM was developed and simulated using MATLAB and validated and compared with other controllers, including developed FLC and artificial neural network (ANN) based control. The simulation results showed that the proposed FLTM successfully improved the performance of developed FLC in terms of a fully satisfied visual comfort set-point. It also attained higher energy savings of 2% than ANN and achieved the closest to preset visual comfort compared with other controllers. Moreover, the proposed method consumes less computational effort, and it is easy to integrate with developed FLC and daylight-linked control of the lighting system.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.026
Dariush Rashidi Zadeh, Ghasem Derkhshan, Seyed Mehdi Hakimi, Babak Abdi
In a number of countries, smart microgrid (SMG) technology is being exploited in the energy system infrastructure along with other generators such as electric and storage systems. In the framework of SMGs, communication links between generation and demand sides have been established to optimise energy consumption by means of economic signals. The framework of energy management for Smart Home appliances is presented in the present paper, taking account of appliance and electric vehicle participation. The approach to the energy schduling at day-ahead is defined as three strategies, such as optimum use of existing appliances, optimal production of electricity resources and optimal discharge and charging for electrical vehicles. Reducing energy generation costs and minimizing emissions of air pollutants are key objectives. Two case studies with the aim of reducing costs and emissions while maximizing system flexibility are taken into account to demonstrate preference and viability of home energy scheduling.
{"title":"Optimal Energy Scheduling in Smart Buildings with Electric Vehicle and Demand Response","authors":"Dariush Rashidi Zadeh, Ghasem Derkhshan, Seyed Mehdi Hakimi, Babak Abdi","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"In a number of countries, smart microgrid (SMG) technology is being exploited in the energy system infrastructure along with other generators such as electric and storage systems. In the framework of SMGs, communication links between generation and demand sides have been established to optimise energy consumption by means of economic signals. The framework of energy management for Smart Home appliances is presented in the present paper, taking account of appliance and electric vehicle participation. The approach to the energy schduling at day-ahead is defined as three strategies, such as optimum use of existing appliances, optimal production of electricity resources and optimal discharge and charging for electrical vehicles. Reducing energy generation costs and minimizing emissions of air pollutants are key objectives. Two case studies with the aim of reducing costs and emissions while maximizing system flexibility are taken into account to demonstrate preference and viability of home energy scheduling.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.004
Alexey G. Amosov, Oleg K. Rozhdestvensky
The presented study refers to the use of load-handling chain slings. The theoretical calculation shows the high reliability and virtually trouble-free operation of a metal welded circuit. The introduction describes the relevance of the work and a brief historical background of the existence of this problem, as well as the terms used in the work. The next part presents a methodology for calculating the load and reliability; the quantitative values of reliability indicators, methods for obtaining them and a methodology for calculating reliability by the criterion of strength are shown. The scheme of operation of the emission spectrometer and the technology of its application are presented. In the conclusions, there are practical recommendations and coincidence of the results of the study with known facts from the materials sciences. The studies conducted by the authors demonstrate that the use of chain hangers without in-depth input control of the chemical composition of the material used can cause significantharm.
{"title":"Influence of Chemical Composition of Lifting Equipment Material On Their Performance","authors":"Alexey G. Amosov, Oleg K. Rozhdestvensky","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"The presented study refers to the use of load-handling chain slings. The theoretical calculation shows the high reliability and virtually trouble-free operation of a metal welded circuit. The introduction describes the relevance of the work and a brief historical background of the existence of this problem, as well as the terms used in the work. The next part presents a methodology for calculating the load and reliability; the quantitative values of reliability indicators, methods for obtaining them and a methodology for calculating reliability by the criterion of strength are shown. The scheme of operation of the emission spectrometer and the technology of its application are presented. In the conclusions, there are practical recommendations and coincidence of the results of the study with known facts from the materials sciences. The studies conducted by the authors demonstrate that the use of chain hangers without in-depth input control of the chemical composition of the material used can cause significantharm.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.009
Mariam Md Ghazaly, Kueh Tze Jun
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), known as drones, can be remotely operated using embedded technology and software-controlled flight plans. A six-axis drone's main problem is that its significant weight limits how much it can be used. As a result, the flexibility and endurance of the drone's design are necessary for excellent performance during altitude displacement. In order to create a body frame for the quadcopter, the project intends to solve the weight optimization problem via generative design. The three main steps of the optimization attempts utilizing generative design procedures are (a) abstraction, (b) initialization, and (c) interpretation. These are accomplished by employing the five generative design processes. The stress analysis and the generative design process were used to confirm that the generative design technique will help reduce the drone's weight. The drone using three (3) generative designs, was set to a total weight of less than 1kg. The results show that Generative Design 2 shows good optimization as follows, (a)50.00% of parts of assembly optimized from eight parts to four parts, (b) 54.09% of the weight of the body frame optimized from 1.1565kg to 0.531kg, (c) 36.17% of the height of the body frame optimized from 94mm to 60mm, (d) 45.44% of stress analysis increased from 3.457MPa to 5.028MPa, (e) 83.00% reduction of displacement elongation from 3.918mm to 0.666mm and (f) 61.25% of production time optimized from 40 hours to 15.5 hours.
{"title":"Generative Design of A 6-Axis Quadcopter Drone for Weight Optimization","authors":"Mariam Md Ghazaly, Kueh Tze Jun","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), known as drones, can be remotely operated using embedded technology and software-controlled flight plans. A six-axis drone's main problem is that its significant weight limits how much it can be used. As a result, the flexibility and endurance of the drone's design are necessary for excellent performance during altitude displacement. In order to create a body frame for the quadcopter, the project intends to solve the weight optimization problem via generative design. The three main steps of the optimization attempts utilizing generative design procedures are (a) abstraction, (b) initialization, and (c) interpretation. These are accomplished by employing the five generative design processes. The stress analysis and the generative design process were used to confirm that the generative design technique will help reduce the drone's weight. The drone using three (3) generative designs, was set to a total weight of less than 1kg. The results show that Generative Design 2 shows good optimization as follows, (a)50.00% of parts of assembly optimized from eight parts to four parts, (b) 54.09% of the weight of the body frame optimized from 1.1565kg to 0.531kg, (c) 36.17% of the height of the body frame optimized from 94mm to 60mm, (d) 45.44% of stress analysis increased from 3.457MPa to 5.028MPa, (e) 83.00% reduction of displacement elongation from 3.918mm to 0.666mm and (f) 61.25% of production time optimized from 40 hours to 15.5 hours.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.015
Slamet Wahyudi, Putu Hadi Setyarini, Isa Tan Kretapaswakara
Frequency is a thing to calculate a wave. In biomedical science, frequency plays an important role in delivering heat as in bioheat transfer. In bioheat transfer studies, heat transfer in the human body can be used as one way of treatment such as therapy. At high temperatures that are usually above 40oC, the cell will die and cannot develop again this is called hyperthemia therapy. This therapy is commonly used in medicine with the function to kill tumor cells. There are 3 differences in hyperthemia therapy there are external, cavity and intersitital and interstitial hyperthermia therapy has better healing ability because heatis directly delivered to the tumor tissue to minimize tissue that no tumor is exposed to therapeutic temperature (40-46oC). Then the author will conduct a study with an analysis of heat transfer carried out on five layers of the human body, namely the epidermis, dermis, fat, muscle, and bones by applying the interstitial method of hyperthermia therapy and influenced by frequencies with a value of 434; 915; 2450 MHz completed using finite element method with unsteady state conditions in two axial dimensions. This study showed that frequency affects the value of temperature distribution in the five layers of the body. The greater the frequency value given, the more easily distributed the temperature will be because the frequency will provide greater electromagnetic waves if the frequency is increased.With interstitial hyperthermia would be optimize the therapeutic temperature more stable because of the needle as the media of the heat transfer. The methods of the interstitial treatment research areinsert the needle to the sarcoma hand tumor. This look very simple but need more preparation like, voltage, frequency, measure the metabolic and blood perfusion of the patient and made a analytics measure to do the treatment. The result of the research is heat that spread by interstitial hyperthermia are stable at 40-46oC which is the therapeutic temperature of tumor treatment,and the temperature will be increase with upgrade the power input of the source and the frequencies. The research has a conclusion that interstitial hyperthermia on sarcoma tumor especially on hand tumor sarcoma is effectively because the heat is spread well on the tumor at therapeutic temperature and frequencies that applied in this research is optimal for the treatment because it could keep the temperature steady on around 40-46oC.
{"title":"Effect of Frequency on Heat Spread by Interstitial Hypertemia Treatment Method for The Treatment of Sarcoma Tumors","authors":"Slamet Wahyudi, Putu Hadi Setyarini, Isa Tan Kretapaswakara","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency is a thing to calculate a wave. In biomedical science, frequency plays an important role in delivering heat as in bioheat transfer. In bioheat transfer studies, heat transfer in the human body can be used as one way of treatment such as therapy. At high temperatures that are usually above 40oC, the cell will die and cannot develop again this is called hyperthemia therapy. This therapy is commonly used in medicine with the function to kill tumor cells. There are 3 differences in hyperthemia therapy there are external, cavity and intersitital and interstitial hyperthermia therapy has better healing ability because heatis directly delivered to the tumor tissue to minimize tissue that no tumor is exposed to therapeutic temperature (40-46oC). Then the author will conduct a study with an analysis of heat transfer carried out on five layers of the human body, namely the epidermis, dermis, fat, muscle, and bones by applying the interstitial method of hyperthermia therapy and influenced by frequencies with a value of 434; 915; 2450 MHz completed using finite element method with unsteady state conditions in two axial dimensions. This study showed that frequency affects the value of temperature distribution in the five layers of the body. The greater the frequency value given, the more easily distributed the temperature will be because the frequency will provide greater electromagnetic waves if the frequency is increased.With interstitial hyperthermia would be optimize the therapeutic temperature more stable because of the needle as the media of the heat transfer. The methods of the interstitial treatment research areinsert the needle to the sarcoma hand tumor. This look very simple but need more preparation like, voltage, frequency, measure the metabolic and blood perfusion of the patient and made a analytics measure to do the treatment. The result of the research is heat that spread by interstitial hyperthermia are stable at 40-46oC which is the therapeutic temperature of tumor treatment,and the temperature will be increase with upgrade the power input of the source and the frequencies. The research has a conclusion that interstitial hyperthermia on sarcoma tumor especially on hand tumor sarcoma is effectively because the heat is spread well on the tumor at therapeutic temperature and frequencies that applied in this research is optimal for the treatment because it could keep the temperature steady on around 40-46oC.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.008
Orisaleye J. I., Ogundare A. A., Abiodun Y. O., Oyekeye M. O., Adefuye O. A., Ojolo S. J., Owoeye O. E.
The production of particleboards without the use of synthetic binders is desirable to prevent environmental problems. This study has produced experimental binderless boards from untreated sawdust from Abura wood using a laboratory press. Response Surface Methodology using Box-Behnken experimental design was utilized to investigate the influenceof pressing variables (pressure, pressing temperature and pressing time). Density of the bioboards produced wasbetween 523.69 and 738 kg/m3which was comparable tomedium density fibreboards. The maximum values for Internal Bonding Strength (IB), Modulus of Rupture (MOR)andModulus of Elasticity (MOE) were 0.049 MPa,1.1 MPaand100.4 MPa, respectively. It was shown that, for the range of factors studied, pressure and the pressing temperature were the more significant factors in determining the density, MOE and IB. This study showed that the sawdust can potentially be used for the manufactureof binderless boards.
{"title":"An Investigation of the Effects of Manufacturing Parameters On Properties of Binderless Boards Produced from Abura (Mitragyna Ciliata) Sawdust","authors":"Orisaleye J. I., Ogundare A. A., Abiodun Y. O., Oyekeye M. O., Adefuye O. A., Ojolo S. J., Owoeye O. E.","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"The production of particleboards without the use of synthetic binders is desirable to prevent environmental problems. This study has produced experimental binderless boards from untreated sawdust from Abura wood using a laboratory press. Response Surface Methodology using Box-Behnken experimental design was utilized to investigate the influenceof pressing variables (pressure, pressing temperature and pressing time). Density of the bioboards produced wasbetween 523.69 and 738 kg/m3which was comparable tomedium density fibreboards. The maximum values for Internal Bonding Strength (IB), Modulus of Rupture (MOR)andModulus of Elasticity (MOE) were 0.049 MPa,1.1 MPaand100.4 MPa, respectively. It was shown that, for the range of factors studied, pressure and the pressing temperature were the more significant factors in determining the density, MOE and IB. This study showed that the sawdust can potentially be used for the manufactureof binderless boards.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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