The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated an abrupt transition to online education, disrupting the traditional collegiate experience and presenting multifaceted challenges for students, faculty, and administrators. This article examines the impact of the pandemic-induced shift to online learning on college students, focusing on their well-being, academic performance, and future educational plans. A comprehensive review of existing literature reveals heightened frustration and impatience among students due to technical difculties, reduced interaction, increased workload, inadequate support, and challenging home learning environments. These factors have contributed to a decline in student satisfaction and engagement, as well as exacerbated mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, enrollment trends indicate an increase in student decisions to stop out, inuenced by nancial concerns, mental health struggles, and the desire for a more conventional college experience. The article concludes with a discussion on the implications for the future of higher education, emphasizing the need for institutions to adapt by investing in robust online infrastructure, expanding mental health resources, and fostering community. Strategies for improving student engagement and success in post-pandemic education include the implementation of hybrid learning models, enhanced faculty training, and comprehensive student support services. The ndings suggest that by embracing a student-centered approach and learning from this experience, higher education can better prepare students for future disruptions and ensure a more resilient academic environment.
{"title":"THE LASTING IMPACT OF COVID-19 ONLINE EDUCATION ON COLLEGE STUDENT FRUSTRATION, IMPATIENCE, AND ENROLLMENT TRENDS","authors":"William E. Johnson, Eric Vogel","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/1220182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/1220182","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated an abrupt transition to online education, disrupting the traditional collegiate experience and presenting\u0000multifaceted challenges for students, faculty, and administrators. This article examines the impact of the pandemic-induced shift to online learning\u0000on college students, focusing on their well-being, academic performance, and future educational plans. A comprehensive review of existing\u0000literature reveals heightened frustration and impatience among students due to technical difculties, reduced interaction, increased workload,\u0000inadequate support, and challenging home learning environments. These factors have contributed to a decline in student satisfaction and\u0000engagement, as well as exacerbated mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, enrollment trends indicate an increase in\u0000student decisions to stop out, inuenced by nancial concerns, mental health struggles, and the desire for a more conventional college experience.\u0000The article concludes with a discussion on the implications for the future of higher education, emphasizing the need for institutions to adapt by\u0000investing in robust online infrastructure, expanding mental health resources, and fostering community. Strategies for improving student\u0000engagement and success in post-pandemic education include the implementation of hybrid learning models, enhanced faculty training, and\u0000comprehensive student support services. The ndings suggest that by embracing a student-centered approach and learning from this experience,\u0000higher education can better prepare students for future disruptions and ensure a more resilient academic environment.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"16 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Methods: Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas are rare entities, and extrapancreatic origin of SPN are even rarer. (2) We present a case of a 30-year-old female with a slow growing abdominal mass, who underwent exploratory laparotomy owing to the clinical suspicion of a mesenteric cyst. Intraoperatively, there was a nodular growth arising from the mesentery, which on histopathologic exam showed sheets of small round cells arranged in patterns of papillae and pseudopapillae, and on IHC, these cells were positive for β-Catenin, conrming the diagnosis of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas. (3) There are 50 reported cases of Ext Conclusion: rapancreatic SPN, with only one other documented case arising from the mesentery, in the English literature. Although Pancreatic SPNs have low malignant potential, Extrapancreatic SPNs have been observed to have higher metastatic potential and recurrence rates, hence excision is recommended.
{"title":"EXTRAPANCREATIC PSEUDOPAPILLARY NEOPLASM ARISING FROM THE MESENTERY, MASQUERADING AS A MESENTERIC CYST – A CASE REPORT","authors":"Praharsha G S, B. V. C. Jagadeesh, N. D. T","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/0609116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/0609116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methods: Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas are rare entities, and extrapancreatic origin of SPN are even rarer. (2)\u0000We present a case of a 30-year-old female with a slow growing abdominal mass, who underwent exploratory laparotomy owing to the clinical\u0000suspicion of a mesenteric cyst. Intraoperatively, there was a nodular growth arising from the mesentery, which on histopathologic exam showed\u0000sheets of small round cells arranged in patterns of papillae and pseudopapillae, and on IHC, these cells were positive for β-Catenin, conrming the\u0000diagnosis of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas. (3) There are 50 reported cases of Ext Conclusion: rapancreatic SPN, with only one\u0000other documented case arising from the mesentery, in the English literature. Although Pancreatic SPNs have low malignant potential,\u0000Extrapancreatic SPNs have been observed to have higher metastatic potential and recurrence rates, hence excision is recommended.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"344 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priya Gupta, Vishakha Kalikar, Avinash Supe, Roy Patankar
Acute calculous cholecystitis is one of the most common surgical entities seen in practice and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard surgical procedure for its treatment. According to the Tokyo guidelines , Grade 3 cases present with organ dysfunction and hence Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PCT) has been recommended as a bridge to surgery to control sepsis when a patient is unt for surgery or has a high ASA grading and the ones who do not respond to antibiotics. Successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous cholecystostomy can be safely carried out without the need for conversion to open surgery with a thorough knowledge of the biliary anatomy, surgical modications such as subtotal cholecystectomy and access to advanced imaging system and procedures such as intravenous indocyanine green and intra-operative ERCP.
{"title":"LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CHOLECYSTOSTOMY : ASSESSING FEASIBILITY AND SAFETY.","authors":"Priya Gupta, Vishakha Kalikar, Avinash Supe, Roy Patankar","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/4307980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/4307980","url":null,"abstract":"Acute calculous cholecystitis is one of the most common surgical entities seen in practice and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard\u0000surgical procedure for its treatment. According to the Tokyo guidelines , Grade 3 cases present with organ dysfunction and hence Percutaneous\u0000cholecystostomy (PCT) has been recommended as a bridge to surgery to control sepsis when a patient is unt for surgery or has a high ASA grading\u0000and the ones who do not respond to antibiotics. Successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous cholecystostomy can be safely carried\u0000out without the need for conversion to open surgery with a thorough knowledge of the biliary anatomy, surgical modications such as subtotal\u0000cholecystectomy and access to advanced imaging system and procedures such as intravenous indocyanine green and intra-operative ERCP.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"359 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background And Aims: Type 2 diabetes is considered an epidemic disease, and its control is important for preventing macro- and microvascular complications. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with poor glycemic control, dened as an HbA1c level >7%, in type 2 diabetic patients in the cardiovascular risk program of the Hospital Central Policia Nacional de Colombia. Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on factors associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Results: A total of 1058 type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. The independent factors for poor glycemic control were LDL cholesterol>100 mg/dl, OR=1.47 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.94, p=0.006); HDL<40 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in women, OR=1.44 (95% CI 1.043 to 1.990, p=0.027); duration of diabetes, OR=1.066 (95% CI 1.049 to 1.084, p=0.001); albuminuria>30 mg/g creatinuria, OR=1.484 (95% CI 1.110 to 1.978, p=0.007); and IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome, OR=2.30 (95% CI 1.470 to 3.590, p=0.001), adjusted for age, smoking status, body mass index, and triglycerides. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is an independent factor for poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients, which highlights the importance of therapeutic lifestyle changes and suggests that metabolic syndrome should be included in cardiovascular risk prevention and control programs
背景和目的：2 型糖尿病被认为是一种流行病，控制好血糖对预防大血管和微血管并发症非常重要。本研究旨在确定哥伦比亚中央警察医院心血管风险项目中2型糖尿病患者血糖控制不良（HbA1c水平大于7%）的相关因素。方法：这是一项描述性横断面研究，对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制不良的相关因素进行了单变量和多变量分析：本研究共纳入了 1058 名 2 型糖尿病患者。血糖控制不佳的独立因素有：低密度脂蛋白胆固醇>100 mg/dl，OR=1.47（95% CI 1.12~1.94，p=0.006）；高密度脂蛋白30 mg/g肌酐尿，OR=1.484（95% CI 1.110~1.978，p=0.007）；IDF代谢综合征标准，OR=2.30（95% CI 1.470~3.590，p=0.001），并对年龄、吸烟状况、体重指数和甘油三酯进行了调整。结论代谢综合征是 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制不佳的一个独立因素，这凸显了改变治疗性生活方式的重要性，并建议将代谢综合征纳入心血管风险预防和控制计划。
{"title":"FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POOR GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN COLOMBIAN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS","authors":"R. Buendia, Mónica Zambrano, A. Buendia","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/4120819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/4120819","url":null,"abstract":"Background And Aims: Type 2 diabetes is considered an epidemic disease, and its control is important for preventing macro- and microvascular\u0000complications. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with poor glycemic control, dened as an HbA1c level >7%, in type 2 diabetic\u0000patients in the cardiovascular risk program of the Hospital Central Policia Nacional de Colombia. Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional\u0000study in which univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on factors associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.\u0000Results: A total of 1058 type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. The independent factors for poor glycemic control were LDL\u0000cholesterol>100 mg/dl, OR=1.47 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.94, p=0.006); HDL<40 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in women, OR=1.44 (95% CI 1.043 to\u00001.990, p=0.027); duration of diabetes, OR=1.066 (95% CI 1.049 to 1.084, p=0.001); albuminuria>30 mg/g creatinuria, OR=1.484 (95% CI 1.110\u0000to 1.978, p=0.007); and IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome, OR=2.30 (95% CI 1.470 to 3.590, p=0.001), adjusted for age, smoking status, body\u0000mass index, and triglycerides. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is an independent factor for poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients,\u0000which highlights the importance of therapeutic lifestyle changes and suggests that metabolic syndrome should be included in cardiovascular risk\u0000prevention and control programs","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cryptorchidism is a common congenital anomaly affecting newborn males. It is commonly located in the inguinal canal but can also be found intraabdomen. Early detection before one year of age is recommended and must be operated for orchidopexy. Surgery does not reduce the incidence of the development of testicular cancer but helps to detect the cancer early if it happens. Cancer risk for adults with cryptorchidism in childhood is 5–10 times greater than usual.
{"title":"ABDOMINAL LUMP IN A CASE OF BILATERAL UNDESCENDED TESTIS- CASE REPORT","authors":"Jainil Parikh, Mayank Dhalani, Monal Swapnil Shah, Kanak Purohit","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/1405892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/1405892","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptorchidism is a common congenital anomaly affecting newborn males. It is commonly located in the inguinal canal but can also be found intraabdomen. Early detection before one year of age is recommended and must be operated for orchidopexy. Surgery does not reduce the incidence of\u0000the development of testicular cancer but helps to detect the cancer early if it happens. Cancer risk for adults with cryptorchidism in childhood is\u00005–10 times greater than usual.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia are the important factors contributing to cardiovascular risk in Diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. In the present study we studied the association of Plasma Adiponectin with Insulin Resistance and Lipid prole parameters in Type 2 Diabetes.Materials and Methods: The study included 100 Type 2 Diabetic Subjects and 100 age-matched healthy individuals with no history of Diabetes. The Anthropometric measurements, Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Fasting insulin, Plasma Adiponectin and Lipid prole were measured in these subjects. HOMA- IR formula was used to calculate Insulin Resistance. Results: Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Insulin and HOMA-IR were increased in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects when compared to controls. Plasma Adiponectin was signicantly reduced in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects compared to controls. In Type 2 Diabetic Subjects, Plasma Adiponectin was found signicantly inversely correlated with insulin resistance (r=-0.58, p<0.01), Total cholesterol (r=-0.51, p<0.01), Triglycerides (r=-0.44, p<0.01) and LDL-C levels (r=-0.56, p<0.01). Asignicant Positive correlation was also observed between Plasma Adiponectin and HDL-C level (r=0.37, p<0.01) in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects. Conclusion:Hypoadiponectinemia in Type 2 Diabetes is associated with Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia and plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular risk.
{"title":"HYPOADIPONECTINEMIA IS ASSOCIATED INSULIN RESISTANCE AND DYSLIPIDEMIA AND HENCE INCREASES CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS","authors":"G. Kanakasabai, N. Saravanan, G Hariprasath.","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/3405984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/3405984","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Insulin Resistance\u0000and Dyslipidemia are the important factors contributing to cardiovascular risk in Diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine involved in the\u0000regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. In the present study we studied the association of Plasma Adiponectin with Insulin Resistance and\u0000Lipid prole parameters in Type 2 Diabetes.Materials and Methods: The study included 100 Type 2 Diabetic Subjects and 100 age-matched\u0000healthy individuals with no history of Diabetes. The Anthropometric measurements, Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Fasting insulin,\u0000Plasma Adiponectin and Lipid prole were measured in these subjects. HOMA- IR formula was used to calculate Insulin Resistance. Results:\u0000Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Insulin and HOMA-IR were increased in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects when compared to controls. Plasma\u0000Adiponectin was signicantly reduced in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects compared to controls. In Type 2 Diabetic Subjects, Plasma Adiponectin was\u0000found signicantly inversely correlated with insulin resistance (r=-0.58, p<0.01), Total cholesterol (r=-0.51, p<0.01), Triglycerides (r=-0.44,\u0000p<0.01) and LDL-C levels (r=-0.56, p<0.01). Asignicant Positive correlation was also observed between Plasma Adiponectin and HDL-C level\u0000(r=0.37, p<0.01) in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects. Conclusion:Hypoadiponectinemia in Type 2 Diabetes is associated with Insulin Resistance and\u0000Dyslipidemia and plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Acute splenic sequestration is a complication of sickle cell syndromes. it is dened by a sudden increase of more than 2 cm in the size of the spleen, and a drop in hemoglobin level of at least 2 g/dl. we report a case of splenic sequestration managed by surgery after failure of transfusion procedures.Observation: A 20 year-old man with homozygote sickle cell syndrom admitted in intensive care unit for acute anemia and left upper abdomen pain, after transfusion and rehydratation, we note no improvement in the hemoglobin level and the appearance of fever and abdominal contracture. Emergency splenectomy reveal signs of early splenic infarction. Even if it is Conclusion: rare in adults, splenic sequestration may impose splenectomy if there is a clinical and biological aggravation after transfusion.
{"title":"ACUTE SPLENIC SEQUESTRATION IN ADULT","authors":"Essarghini Mohamed, Tarchouli Mohamed","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/8120224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/8120224","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute splenic sequestration is a complication of sickle cell syndromes. it is dened by a sudden increase of more than 2 cm in the\u0000size of the spleen, and a drop in hemoglobin level of at least 2 g/dl. we report a case of splenic sequestration managed by surgery after failure of\u0000transfusion procedures.Observation: A 20 year-old man with homozygote sickle cell syndrom admitted in intensive care unit for acute anemia and\u0000left upper abdomen pain, after transfusion and rehydratation, we note no improvement in the hemoglobin level and the appearance of fever and\u0000abdominal contracture. Emergency splenectomy reveal signs of early splenic infarction. Even if it is Conclusion: rare in adults, splenic\u0000sequestration may impose splenectomy if there is a clinical and biological aggravation after transfusion.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramesh Chand Sharma, Mukesh Jain, Mary Joan, Arun Chougule
Computed Tomography (CT) scans are invaluable tools in medical diagnostics, offering detailed imaging of various anatomical regions. However, concerns regarding radiation exposure, particularly to radiosensitive organs like the thyroid, have prompted to estimate and evaluate the radiation dose to thyroid gland from head CT scans. The amount of radiation exposure varies depending on several factors including the specic type of CT scan, the settings used during the scan, and the individual's size and age. The results were compared with studies reporting thyroid doses from head CT scans, including dose measurements, dose estimation methods, and dose-reduction techniques. The estimated average thyroid dose from the OSLD measurements in the present study was 0.939+- 0.072 mGy. Though ndings of the study is similar to the reported thyroid doses from head CTscans, it is observed that there is a wide variability inuenced by scanner technology, scanning protocols, patient characteristics, and anatomical considerations. Understanding thyroid doses from head CT scans is essential for optimizing imaging protocols and minimizing radiation risks without compromising diagnostic efcacy. Establishing local/ regional and national diagnostic reference levels (DRL) is a recommended way forward. Efforts to further minimize radiation exposures especially in pediatric, women and sensitive populations are highly needed. Further large scale multi-centric studies in the region are highly recommended so that the cumulative population radiation dose may be reduced by rening dose estimation techniques, implementing dose-reduction strategies, and assessing long-term health outcomes to ensure safe and effective CT imaging practices.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF RADIATION DOSE TO THYROID GLAND FROM HEAD COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: A PILOT STUDY","authors":"Ramesh Chand Sharma, Mukesh Jain, Mary Joan, Arun Chougule","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/1607382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/1607382","url":null,"abstract":"Computed Tomography (CT) scans are invaluable tools in medical diagnostics, offering detailed imaging of various anatomical regions. However,\u0000concerns regarding radiation exposure, particularly to radiosensitive organs like the thyroid, have prompted to estimate and evaluate the radiation\u0000dose to thyroid gland from head CT scans. The amount of radiation exposure varies depending on several factors including the specic type of CT\u0000scan, the settings used during the scan, and the individual's size and age. The results were compared with studies reporting thyroid doses from head\u0000CT scans, including dose measurements, dose estimation methods, and dose-reduction techniques. The estimated average thyroid dose from the\u0000OSLD measurements in the present study was 0.939+- 0.072 mGy. Though ndings of the study is similar to the reported thyroid doses from head\u0000CTscans, it is observed that there is a wide variability inuenced by scanner technology, scanning protocols, patient characteristics, and anatomical\u0000considerations. Understanding thyroid doses from head CT scans is essential for optimizing imaging protocols and minimizing radiation risks\u0000without compromising diagnostic efcacy. Establishing local/ regional and national diagnostic reference levels (DRL) is a recommended way\u0000forward. Efforts to further minimize radiation exposures especially in pediatric, women and sensitive populations are highly needed. Further large\u0000scale multi-centric studies in the region are highly recommended so that the cumulative population radiation dose may be reduced by rening dose\u0000estimation techniques, implementing dose-reduction strategies, and assessing long-term health outcomes to ensure safe and effective CT imaging\u0000practices.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"153 8‐9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbial testing and antibiotic sensitivity from central venous, arterial line and urinary catheter tips have a paramount importance in reduction of infection in post operative patients. Objectives were to nd out the incidence of culture positive tips of central venous catheter, arterial line catheter and urinary catheter, and to identify the microorganisms along with their antibiotic sensitivity. Male participants were the majority with 21 to 40 years age group to be maximum affected and CABG to be the most common procedure involved. Samples were plated on blood agar and MacConkey agar, followed by performing gram stain and biochemical tests for microbial identication. Incidence of causative bacteria isolated from different catheter tips revealed gram negative bacilli to be more than gram positive organisms. Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii complex showed maximum sensitivity to Minocycline and partial sensitivity to aminoglycosides with other antibiotics to be predominantly resistant. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed maximum sensitivity to cotrimoxazole and partial sensitivity to aminoglycosides. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was pan resistant. MRSA was sensitive to linezolid, gentamicin, enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and staphylococcus saprophyticus to cotrimoxazole and linezolid. Antibiogram is thus an important tool in choosing selected antibiotics in order to prevent emergent bacterial resistance.
{"title":"BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF INDWELLING CATHETER TIPS IN POST OPERATIVE CARDIAC SURGICAL PATIENTS ADMITTED AT A MEDICAL COLLEGE IN KOLKATA","authors":"Ananya Pal, Aritra Bhattacharya, Sampa Dutta Gupta, Sujit Adhikari","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/3508295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/3508295","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial testing and antibiotic sensitivity from central venous, arterial line and urinary catheter tips have a paramount importance in reduction of\u0000infection in post operative patients. Objectives were to nd out the incidence of culture positive tips of central venous catheter, arterial line catheter\u0000and urinary catheter, and to identify the microorganisms along with their antibiotic sensitivity. Male participants were the majority with 21 to 40\u0000years age group to be maximum affected and CABG to be the most common procedure involved. Samples were plated on blood agar and\u0000MacConkey agar, followed by performing gram stain and biochemical tests for microbial identication. Incidence of causative bacteria isolated\u0000from different catheter tips revealed gram negative bacilli to be more than gram positive organisms. Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii\u0000complex showed maximum sensitivity to Minocycline and partial sensitivity to aminoglycosides with other antibiotics to be predominantly\u0000resistant. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed maximum sensitivity to cotrimoxazole and partial sensitivity to aminoglycosides. Pseudomonas\u0000aeruginosa was pan resistant. MRSA was sensitive to linezolid, gentamicin, enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and staphylococcus\u0000saprophyticus to cotrimoxazole and linezolid. Antibiogram is thus an important tool in choosing selected antibiotics in order to prevent emergent\u0000bacterial resistance.","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"16 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rehana C Mukundan, Sanjeev K Singh, Ajith Kumar N, T. V. Sathianandan
Background: Multispecialty tertiary care hospitals face the challenge of allocating limited funds effectively to deserving patients, considering their medical needs and socioeconomic circumstances. This study aims to develop a logical model to e Objective: nhance the efciency of fund allocation processes in such hospitals, ensuring equitable access to healthcare services. The propos Methods: ed model integrates factors such as severity of illness, treatment costs, available resources, and patient eligibility criteria into a structured framework for equitable and effective fund allocation. Based on the newly developed fund allocation model, a linear graph was plotted with the Results: total score of 195 patients against the subsidy percentage provided. The equation obtained from the trend line analysis is represented as y = 1.7787x - 42.262, where 'y' represents the subsidy percentage and 'x' represents the total score of the patients. The logical model presented i Conclusion: n this study provides a systematic approach to optimize fund allocation in multispecialty tertiary care hospitals, ultimately improving the quality of care provided to patients and promoting equity in healthcare delivery
背景：考虑到患者的医疗需求和社会经济状况，多专科三级医院面临着将有限的资金有效分配给值得治疗的患者的挑战。本研究旨在建立一个逻辑模型，以提高此类医院资金分配过程的效率ciency，确保公平获得医疗服务。方法：该模型将疾病严重程度、治疗成本、可用资源和患者资格标准等因素整合到一个结构化框架中，以实现公平有效的资金分配。根据新开发的资金分配模型，绘制了 195 名患者的总分与所提供补贴百分比的线性图。趋势线分析得出的等式为 y = 1.7787x - 42.262，其中 "y "代表补贴百分比，"x "代表患者的总分。结论：本研究为优化多专科三级医院的资金分配提供了一种系统方法，最终提高了为患者提供的医疗质量，促进了医疗服务的公平性。
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