Cooling towers are an integral part of large range of industrial processes. The conditions of cooling water systems provide an ideal environment for microbial growth and biofilm formation. Microorganisms which enter via makeup water or air to the system form a biofilm layer on the inside surfaces of cooling tower which contain water and limited nutrients. Biofilm formation in cooling tower systems is undesirable for operational and public health reasons. Thus, microbial load should be monitored and kept under control. In this study, bulk water and biofilm associated microbial load were analyzed in terms of heterotrophic plate count (HPC), epifluorescence microscopy, carbohydrate quantity, total and free ATP concentration and compared material dependence. Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis revealed that there were not significant differences between the tested slide materials according to HPC, DAPI-CTC staining, and ATP measurement. The ATP measurement together with fluorescence staining rei¬‚ected the changes in the bioi¬lms more distinctly than the HPC.
{"title":"Study of biofilm associated bacteria on polyvinyl chloride, stainless steel and glass surfaces in a model cooling tower system with different microbiological methods","authors":"Nazmiye Ozlem Sanli Yurudu","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.93915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.93915","url":null,"abstract":"Cooling towers are an integral part of large range of industrial processes. The conditions of cooling water systems provide an ideal environment for microbial growth and biofilm formation. Microorganisms which enter via makeup water or air to the system form a biofilm layer on the inside surfaces of cooling tower which contain water and limited nutrients. Biofilm formation in cooling tower systems is undesirable for operational and public health reasons. Thus, microbial load should be monitored and kept under control. In this study, bulk water and biofilm associated microbial load were analyzed in terms of heterotrophic plate count (HPC), epifluorescence microscopy, carbohydrate quantity, total and free ATP concentration and compared material dependence. Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis revealed that there were not significant differences between the tested slide materials according to HPC, DAPI-CTC staining, and ATP measurement. The ATP measurement together with fluorescence staining rei¬‚ected the changes in the bioi¬lms more distinctly than the HPC.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"11 1","pages":"63-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88466281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the early last larval instar, hormone secretory activity of prothoracic glands in Bombyx mori L. is undetectable despite the high prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) level in hemolymph. Early reports indicated that the inhibition of gland activity is caused by 20-hydroxyecdysteroid (20E) peak on day 2 of the fourth larval instar and juvenile hormone (JH) only resumes this inactive period during the early days of 5th larval instar. Following these reports, prothoracic glands also become a target of its hormone, 20E. Actions of 20E are mediated via heterodimeric ecdysone receptor complex which consists of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and its partner molecule, ultraspiracle (USP). This study was designed to determine the expression pattern of ecdysone receptor B1 (EcR-B1) in the prothoracic glands of B. mori during last larval instar and early pupal stage. Organ culture experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone on the EcR-B1 expression. Immunocytochemical studies revealed the presence of EcR-B1 in prothoracic gland cells. A rise of EcR-B1 immoreactivity was detected on day 3 of 5th instar in which glands recover the secretion activity. Juvenile hormone administration to culture medium maintained EcR-B1 immunoreactivity especially on day 6 and day 9 when compared with control but in contrast to this result, an ecdysone application to culture medium weakened the immunoreactivity. These results suggested that negative feedback effect of ecdysone on secretory activity of the glands may be exerted by means of ecdysone receptor and it may also involve consistent and regular 20E secretion during the fifth instar.
{"title":"Ecdysone receptor B1 in Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) prothoracic gland under various organ culture conditions","authors":"Emre Batır, E. Goncu, O. Parlak","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.06808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.06808","url":null,"abstract":"During the early last larval instar, hormone secretory activity of prothoracic glands in Bombyx mori L. is undetectable despite the high prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) level in hemolymph. Early reports indicated that the inhibition of gland activity is caused by 20-hydroxyecdysteroid (20E) peak on day 2 of the fourth larval instar and juvenile hormone (JH) only resumes this inactive period during the early days of 5th larval instar. Following these reports, prothoracic glands also become a target of its hormone, 20E. Actions of 20E are mediated via heterodimeric ecdysone receptor complex which consists of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and its partner molecule, ultraspiracle (USP). This study was designed to determine the expression pattern of ecdysone receptor B1 (EcR-B1) in the prothoracic glands of B. mori during last larval instar and early pupal stage. Organ culture experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone on the EcR-B1 expression. Immunocytochemical studies revealed the presence of EcR-B1 in prothoracic gland cells. A rise of EcR-B1 immoreactivity was detected on day 3 of 5th instar in which glands recover the secretion activity. Juvenile hormone administration to culture medium maintained EcR-B1 immunoreactivity especially on day 6 and day 9 when compared with control but in contrast to this result, an ecdysone application to culture medium weakened the immunoreactivity. These results suggested that negative feedback effect of ecdysone on secretory activity of the glands may be exerted by means of ecdysone receptor and it may also involve consistent and regular 20E secretion during the fifth instar.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"86 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79110353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The alkaloidal compound was isolated from chloroform fraction of methanol 70% extract of Ailanthus excelsa stem bark of Egyptian origin. Successive extracts of A. excelsa stem bark and the isolated compound canthin-6-one were screened for chemopreventive activity. The chloroform extract showed strong inhibitory effect on short term in vivo assay for antitumor promotors, Epstein-Barr virus early antigen induction assay, compared with other fractions petroleum ether, diethyl ether and methanol 70% extracts. The isolated compound canthin-6-one also showed strong activity in the course of this assay. Further, these useful materials were investigated for the inhibitory effects in two-stage mouse skin carcinogensis test. Chloroform extract and its active canthin-6-one decrease actually the average number of papillomas per mouse and percentage papillomas in the promoting stage. These materials were found to exhibit the excellent anti-tumor promoting activity in the in vivo carcinogensis test.
{"title":"Antitumor activity of Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb) stem bark fractions and Canthin-6-one","authors":"A. Said, K. Rashed, H. Tokuda, A. Huefner","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.60321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.60321","url":null,"abstract":"The alkaloidal compound was isolated from chloroform fraction of methanol 70% extract of Ailanthus excelsa stem bark of Egyptian origin. Successive extracts of A. excelsa stem bark and the isolated compound canthin-6-one were screened for chemopreventive activity. The chloroform extract showed strong inhibitory effect on short term in vivo assay for antitumor promotors, Epstein-Barr virus early antigen induction assay, compared with other fractions petroleum ether, diethyl ether and methanol 70% extracts. The isolated compound canthin-6-one also showed strong activity in the course of this assay. Further, these useful materials were investigated for the inhibitory effects in two-stage mouse skin carcinogensis test. Chloroform extract and its active canthin-6-one decrease actually the average number of papillomas per mouse and percentage papillomas in the promoting stage. These materials were found to exhibit the excellent anti-tumor promoting activity in the in vivo carcinogensis test.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84271090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to find out how activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) affect kidney tissue in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and whether its influence can be prevented by aminoguanidine (AG), a specific iNOS inhibitor. Twenty-four male mice were divided into four study groups (n=6) receiving a daily dose of 100 mg.kg-1 AG for 90 days (Group AG), a single dose of 150 mg.kg-1 STZ (Group STZ), a single dose of 150 mg.kg-1 STZ followed by daily administration of 100 mg.kg-1 AG for 90 days (Group STZ-AG), and intraperitoneally injections of saline only (Group Control) for 90 days. Dispersion of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) was stronger in the kidney sections of STZ-treated animals compared with the controls. STZ treatment caused disruption of continuity of the brush borders in proximal tubules, glomerular endothelial damage, and considerable renin granules in the juxtaglomerular cells. AG administration following STZ treatment partly prevented histological and cytological changes in kidney cortex, and renin dispersion was similar to that in control animals. We found that increased inducible nitric oxide (iNO) caused kidney tissue degeneration that could be prevented to some extent by AG treatment. There is a possible relationship between increased iNOS and dispersion of renin granules in juxtaglomerular cells in diabetes.
{"title":"The effect of aminoguanidine on the kidney of diabetic albino Balb/c mice","authors":"Ebru Gurel, N. Yilmazer, Cihan Demirci-Tansel","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.89070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.89070","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to find out how activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) affect kidney tissue in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and whether its influence can be prevented by aminoguanidine (AG), a specific iNOS inhibitor. Twenty-four male mice were divided into four study groups (n=6) receiving a daily dose of 100 mg.kg-1 AG for 90 days (Group AG), a single dose of 150 mg.kg-1 STZ (Group STZ), a single dose of 150 mg.kg-1 STZ followed by daily administration of 100 mg.kg-1 AG for 90 days (Group STZ-AG), and intraperitoneally injections of saline only (Group Control) for 90 days. Dispersion of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) was stronger in the kidney sections of STZ-treated animals compared with the controls. STZ treatment caused disruption of continuity of the brush borders in proximal tubules, glomerular endothelial damage, and considerable renin granules in the juxtaglomerular cells. AG administration following STZ treatment partly prevented histological and cytological changes in kidney cortex, and renin dispersion was similar to that in control animals. We found that increased inducible nitric oxide (iNO) caused kidney tissue degeneration that could be prevented to some extent by AG treatment. There is a possible relationship between increased iNOS and dispersion of renin granules in juxtaglomerular cells in diabetes.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"30 1","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73461632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Concentrations of arsenic cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in the first flush and post-first flush of tap water were determined. Further, the tap water was allowed to run at least 3 minutes and samples were analyzed for bacteriological quality. The analysis showed that Cd and Pb concentrations in the first and second forty samples collected were under the detection limits of the analytical method employed. The concentration ranges of As, Cu, and Zn in the first forty samples were 0.95-11.9 µg/L, 0.011-0.58, and 0.04-5.29 mg/L, respectively. Lower ranges of Cu and Zn levels of 0.010-0.343 and 0.008-4.546 mg/L, respectively, were found in the second forty samples. Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliform and Escherichia coli were detected in 28, 18 and 1 out of 40 water samples, respectively. Our results show that some of the water samples that contained high levels of bacterial colonies were collected from four buildings, situated at two faculties of the university, a cafeteria and a bakery. These findings indicate that the distribution system and drinking water of Canakkale needs improvement.
{"title":"Quality of drinking water of Canakkale Province, Turkey","authors":"M. Coşkun, A. Çayır, M. Coşkun, Aslı Kovanci","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.07608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.07608","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrations of arsenic cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in the first flush and post-first flush of tap water were determined. Further, the tap water was allowed to run at least 3 minutes and samples were analyzed for bacteriological quality. The analysis showed that Cd and Pb concentrations in the first and second forty samples collected were under the detection limits of the analytical method employed. The concentration ranges of As, Cu, and Zn in the first forty samples were 0.95-11.9 µg/L, 0.011-0.58, and 0.04-5.29 mg/L, respectively. Lower ranges of Cu and Zn levels of 0.010-0.343 and 0.008-4.546 mg/L, respectively, were found in the second forty samples. Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliform and Escherichia coli were detected in 28, 18 and 1 out of 40 water samples, respectively. Our results show that some of the water samples that contained high levels of bacterial colonies were collected from four buildings, situated at two faculties of the university, a cafeteria and a bakery. These findings indicate that the distribution system and drinking water of Canakkale needs improvement.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75025077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Gezginci-Oktayoglu, Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz, R. Yanardag, Ş. Bolkent
Cathepsin B is a cysteine lysosomal protease which takes place in many inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory processes within the brain represent a potential pathogenetic factor in neurodegenerative diseases and inhibiton of cathepsin B, which is an inflammation-related enzyme, can be a potential therapeutic utility in neuroinflammatory diseases. Thus, we researched the effect of benzyloxycarbonyl-phenilalaninealanine fluoromethylketone (Z-FA.FMK), which is a pharmacological inhibitor of cathepsin B, on tumour necrosis factor-I± (TNF-I±) and D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced brain damage. Because oxidative damage accompanies inflammatory processes we aimed to research the alteration in some markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defence system. For this investigation mice were treated with 700 mg/kg D-GalN and 15 I¼g/kg TNF-I± one hour after administration with 8 mg/kg Z-FA.FMK. Treatment with Z-FA.FMK before TNF-I±/D-GalN injection resulted in decreased lipid peroxidation levels, while catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, paraoxonase 1 activities and glutathione levels were increased in the brain tissue of mice. These results showed that cathepsin B inhibition by Z-FA. FMK could be a potential therapeutic utility in neuroinflammatory diseases because of its ability to block TNF-I±/D-GalN-induced oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant defence in the brain of mice. Keywords: Benzyloxycarbonyl-Phenyl-Alanine-fluoromethylketone (Z-FA.FMK), Cathepsin B, Dgalactosamine, Oxidative damage, Tumour necrosis factor-I± (TNF-I±).
{"title":"Cathepsin B inhibition by Z-FA.FMK blocks TNF-a/D-GalN-induced oxidative damage through increasing antioxidant defence in the brain of mice","authors":"S. Gezginci-Oktayoglu, Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz, R. Yanardag, Ş. Bolkent","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.79872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.79872","url":null,"abstract":"Cathepsin B is a cysteine lysosomal protease which takes place in many inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory processes within the brain represent a potential pathogenetic factor in neurodegenerative diseases and inhibiton of cathepsin B, which is an inflammation-related enzyme, can be a potential therapeutic utility in neuroinflammatory diseases. Thus, we researched the effect of benzyloxycarbonyl-phenilalaninealanine fluoromethylketone (Z-FA.FMK), which is a pharmacological inhibitor of cathepsin B, on tumour necrosis factor-I± (TNF-I±) and D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced brain damage. Because oxidative damage accompanies inflammatory processes we aimed to research the alteration in some markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defence system. For this investigation mice were treated with 700 mg/kg D-GalN and 15 I¼g/kg TNF-I± one hour after administration with 8 mg/kg Z-FA.FMK. Treatment with Z-FA.FMK before TNF-I±/D-GalN injection resulted in decreased lipid peroxidation levels, while catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, paraoxonase 1 activities and glutathione levels were increased in the brain tissue of mice. These results showed that cathepsin B inhibition by Z-FA. FMK could be a potential therapeutic utility in neuroinflammatory diseases because of its ability to block TNF-I±/D-GalN-induced oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant defence in the brain of mice. Keywords: Benzyloxycarbonyl-Phenyl-Alanine-fluoromethylketone (Z-FA.FMK), Cathepsin B, Dgalactosamine, Oxidative damage, Tumour necrosis factor-I± (TNF-I±).","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"72 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76503261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, 66 different spice samples were analyzed in order to compare Real-Time PCR and conventional cultural methods for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in spices. Thus, 66 different spice samples (raw materials) were collected from various places in Izmir, Turkey. Conventional cultural methods included pre-enrichment step, selection step and confirmation step. The molecular method included two steps: pre-enrichment and Real-Time PCR step. Beside these methods, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliform, fecal coliform in samples, were also counted and the presence of Salmonella sp. was investigated in order to determine total microbial load in samples. The results showed that aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts were 5.1x103 -2.0x108 CFU/g, coliform counts were 8.0 x 102 CFU/g for the average values of all samples. Salmonella sp. was not found in any of the samples.In four samples E. coli O157:H7 positive by Real-Time PCR were found while all of the samples were negative by cultural methods. We observed that the results of Real-Time PCR were more reliable than conventional methods. Furthermore, the results were obtained in only 20 hours by Real-Time PCR method whereas conventional cultural method was completed in 4 days. Keywords: Cultural method, E. coli O157:H7, real-time PCR, spice
{"title":"Comparison of real-time PCR and conventional cultural methods to detect Escherichia coli O157:H7 in spices in Turkey","authors":"Asli Ozkizilcik, M. Ateş, B. Çerçi","doi":"10.18478/iufsjb.99956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/iufsjb.99956","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 66 different spice samples were analyzed in order to compare Real-Time PCR and conventional cultural methods for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in spices. Thus, 66 different spice samples (raw materials) were collected from various places in Izmir, Turkey. Conventional cultural methods included pre-enrichment step, selection step and confirmation step. The molecular method included two steps: pre-enrichment and Real-Time PCR step. Beside these methods, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliform, fecal coliform in samples, were also counted and the presence of Salmonella sp. was investigated in order to determine total microbial load in samples. The results showed that aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts were 5.1x103 -2.0x108 CFU/g, coliform counts were 8.0 x 102 CFU/g for the average values of all samples. Salmonella sp. was not found in any of the samples.In four samples E. coli O157:H7 positive by Real-Time PCR were found while all of the samples were negative by cultural methods. We observed that the results of Real-Time PCR were more reliable than conventional methods. Furthermore, the results were obtained in only 20 hours by Real-Time PCR method whereas conventional cultural method was completed in 4 days. Keywords: Cultural method, E. coli O157:H7, real-time PCR, spice","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"93 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75652189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we investigated biofilm formation on galvanized steel coupons by anaerobic bacteria isolate including sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) isolated from cooling tower water in a lab-scaled experimental setup. The test coupons were exposed to the culture of anaerobic bacteria isolate during 744 hours. In the course of time, anaerobic bacteria isolate could form biofilm on galvanized steel coupons. According to the statistical analyses, there was no significant difference between sessile and planktonic SRB counts, while a positive correlation was found out between SRB counts (P<0.01). Extracellular carbohydrate appeared to be degraded by bacteria culture in the test system. Keywords: Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB), cooling tower water, galvanized steel, biofilm.
{"title":"Biofilm formation on galvanized steel by SRB isolate obtained from cooling tower water","authors":"Derya Ozuolmez, A. Çotuk","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.45154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.45154","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated biofilm formation on galvanized steel coupons by anaerobic bacteria isolate including sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) isolated from cooling tower water in a lab-scaled experimental setup. The test coupons were exposed to the culture of anaerobic bacteria isolate during 744 hours. In the course of time, anaerobic bacteria isolate could form biofilm on galvanized steel coupons. According to the statistical analyses, there was no significant difference between sessile and planktonic SRB counts, while a positive correlation was found out between SRB counts (P<0.01). Extracellular carbohydrate appeared to be degraded by bacteria culture in the test system. \u0000Keywords: Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB), cooling tower water, galvanized steel, biofilm.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"177 1","pages":"35-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79936973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, species were classified according to their growth habit and Raunkiaer's life- forms system were used to characterize the flora of Jahrom. Jahrom in the south east of the Fars Province is an area with about 1,627,470 hectares , maximum altitude at 3167 m and minimum altitude at 300 m, located between 52° 30I„ to 54° 00I„ east latitudes and 28 ° 00I„ to 29° 00I„north longitudes. We studied the area from a floristic and ecological point of view. The results showed that the flora of this region includes 346 species belonging to 234 genera and 67 families. Papilionaceae with 52 species, Asteraceae with 47 species and Poaceae with 36 species are the main families of this area. Plant life forms were studied by Raunkiaer's method. It showed that therophytes with (30.1%) of species, hemicryptophyte with (30.1%) of species, phanerophytes with (17.6%) of species and chamaephyte with (13%) of species, are the dominant life forms of the area. The chorological studies showed that (81.8%) of species belong to Irano-Turanian zone, (9.2%) of species belong to Sahara-Sindian zone and (9%) of common species belong to Irano-Turanian, Sahara-Sindian zones.
{"title":"Presentation of flora, life forms and chorology of plant species in the Jahrom area (Fars Province, Iran)","authors":"G. Ghanbarian, E. Jafari, A. Hatami","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.54441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.54441","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, species were classified according to their growth habit and Raunkiaer's life- forms system were used to characterize the flora of Jahrom. Jahrom in the south east of the Fars Province is an area with about 1,627,470 hectares , maximum altitude at 3167 m and minimum altitude at 300 m, located between 52° 30I„ to 54° 00I„ east latitudes and 28 ° 00I„ to 29° 00I„north longitudes. We studied the area from a floristic and ecological point of view. The results showed that the flora of this region includes 346 species belonging to 234 genera and 67 families. Papilionaceae with 52 species, Asteraceae with 47 species and Poaceae with 36 species are the main families of this area. Plant life forms were studied by Raunkiaer's method. It showed that therophytes with (30.1%) of species, hemicryptophyte with (30.1%) of species, phanerophytes with (17.6%) of species and chamaephyte with (13%) of species, are the dominant life forms of the area. The chorological studies showed that (81.8%) of species belong to Irano-Turanian zone, (9.2%) of species belong to Sahara-Sindian zone and (9%) of common species belong to Irano-Turanian, Sahara-Sindian zones.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":"130 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81721427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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