Presence of three bivalve species ( Nucula nitidosa Winckworth, 1930; Acanthocardia echinata (Linnaeus, 1758); Abra longicallus (Scacchi, 1835)), previously unknown from Turkish Levantine Sea, was revealed by this study carried out in Iskenderun Bay in the year 2005. Data about some ecological features of these species was provided.
{"title":"THREE BIVALVE SPECIES NEW TO THE TURKISH LEVANTINE SEA","authors":"S. Albayrak, S. Çağlar","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.81721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.81721","url":null,"abstract":"Presence of three bivalve species ( Nucula nitidosa Winckworth, 1930; Acanthocardia echinata (Linnaeus, 1758); Abra longicallus (Scacchi, 1835)), previously unknown from Turkish Levantine Sea, was revealed by this study carried out in Iskenderun Bay in the year 2005. Data about some ecological features of these species was provided.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85708838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is occurring in different climate regions and almost in all countries. Zinc deficiency is a common micronutrient deficiency in plants and causes severe reductions in crop production. In this study the effect of zinc deficiency on pigment content and peroxidase activity in early growth phase of tomato seedlings was investigated. For this purpose, Hoagland solutions with or without zinc (ZnCl 2 ) were used as growth medium to determine the possible effects of zinc deficiency. In order to elucidate the physiological consequences of zinc deficiency; anthocyanin, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content and peroxidase enzyme activity were measured in roots, hypocotyls, and cotyledons of 8 day-old plants. Zn deficiency promoted anthocyanin and carotenoid accumulation in hypocotyl and cotyledon tissues of tomato seedlings. Furthermore, Zn deficiency enhanced peroxidase activity especially in the root and hypocotyl tissues of tomato seedlings.
{"title":"Role of Zinc Deficiency in Photosynthetic Pigments and Peroxidase Activity of Tomato Seedlings","authors":"T. Kösesakal, M. Ünal","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.62201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.62201","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc (Zn) deficiency is occurring in different climate regions and almost in all countries. Zinc deficiency is a common micronutrient deficiency in plants and causes severe reductions in crop production. In this study the effect of zinc deficiency on pigment content and peroxidase activity in early growth phase of tomato seedlings was investigated. For this purpose, Hoagland solutions with or without zinc (ZnCl 2 ) were used as growth medium to determine the possible effects of zinc deficiency. In order to elucidate the physiological consequences of zinc deficiency; anthocyanin, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content and peroxidase enzyme activity were measured in roots, hypocotyls, and cotyledons of 8 day-old plants. Zn deficiency promoted anthocyanin and carotenoid accumulation in hypocotyl and cotyledon tissues of tomato seedlings. Furthermore, Zn deficiency enhanced peroxidase activity especially in the root and hypocotyl tissues of tomato seedlings.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89681720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, composite images of two rare and endemic Crocus taxa, C. biflorus Miller subsp. nerimaniae (Yuzb.) Kerndorff & Pasche and C. biflorus Miller subsp. wattiorum B.Mathew were depicted with a new illustration method application in plant systematics.
本文对两种罕见的藏红花分类群C. biflorus Miller subsp.的合成图像进行了研究。nerimaniae (Yuzb)。Kerndorff & Pasche和C. biflorus Miller亚种。介绍了一种新的图解方法在植物系统学中的应用。
{"title":"Application of a New Illustration Technique in Plant Systematics: Composite Images of Two Autumn Flowering Crocus L. (Iridaceae) Taxa from Series Biflori in Turkey","authors":"Osman Erol, Orhan Küçüker, L. Şık","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.77888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.77888","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, composite images of two rare and endemic Crocus taxa, C. biflorus Miller subsp. nerimaniae (Yuzb.) Kerndorff & Pasche and C. biflorus Miller subsp. wattiorum B.Mathew were depicted with a new illustration method application in plant systematics.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84437481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Şenay Yıldırım, S. P. Fraser, J. Diss, S. Altun, Anup Patel, M. Djamgoz
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of death from malignancy in men in the Western world. Despite this, conceptual advances in the understanding of its pathobiology have remained elusive for over half a century. As with all cancers, it is metastasis (i.e. secondary cancer formation) and its consequences that present the most significant biomedical and clinical challenges to the host, carers and healthcare payors, as well as the researchers. Pre-metastatic or metastataic PCa is frequently treated by hormone-based therapies aiming at androgen-down-regulation. However, this classic method is only effective for a limited time and new approaches are necessary (a) to improve the understanding of the pathobiology of PCa and (b) to develop new therapies for it, as well as improving the existing ones. In this article, we present an overview of the pathobiology of PCa and evaluate the evidence for the role of functional voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) expression in disease progression. We also discuss the possibility that VGSC blockers could be effective as novel anti-PCa drugs for clinical management of the metastatic phenotype.
{"title":"PATHOBIOLOGY OF PROSTATE CANCER:Voltage-gated sodium channel expression and metastatic potential","authors":"Şenay Yıldırım, S. P. Fraser, J. Diss, S. Altun, Anup Patel, M. Djamgoz","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.80034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.80034","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of death from malignancy in men in the Western world. Despite this, conceptual advances in the understanding of its pathobiology have remained elusive for over half a century. As with all cancers, it is metastasis (i.e. secondary cancer formation) and its consequences that present the most significant biomedical and clinical challenges to the host, carers and healthcare payors, as well as the researchers. Pre-metastatic or metastataic PCa is frequently treated by hormone-based therapies aiming at androgen-down-regulation. However, this classic method is only effective for a limited time and new approaches are necessary (a) to improve the understanding of the pathobiology of PCa and (b) to develop new therapies for it, as well as improving the existing ones. In this article, we present an overview of the pathobiology of PCa and evaluate the evidence for the role of functional voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) expression in disease progression. We also discuss the possibility that VGSC blockers could be effective as novel anti-PCa drugs for clinical management of the metastatic phenotype.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81129539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kaya, Alev Arat-Özkan, Özge Köner, H. Balcı, O. Abacı, T. Gürmen, S. Kucukoğlu, Z. Yiğit
Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as a vasodilatory substance released from the endothelium which decreases in the presence of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the systemic NO response to acute exercise in untrained diabetic and nondiabetic patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). This is a prospective, clinical study consisting of three groups. Group A (n=50) consisted of nondiabetic CAD patients,group B (n=20) consisting of diabetic, CAD patients and group C (n=20) of healthy controls. All patients underwent a standard symptom limited treadmill exercise test according to the modified Bruce protocol after 24 hours low nitrite/ nitrate diet. End products of nitric oxide metabolism (NOx) were determined as the half life of NO is very short. Basal serum NOx levels of both diabetics (24±8.4μmol/L,p<0.0001)and nondiabetics (43.5±13.7μmol/L, p<0.01) were significantly lower compared to controls (66.5±3.4μmol/L). Only in the nondiabetic, CAD patient group was an increase in NOx levels observed with exercise. No increase in NOx with exercise was observed for the diabetic. CAD patient group or for the control group. In normal controls exercise induced no significant change in NOx levels. Exercise induced increase in systemic NOx levels in patients with atherosclerotic disease may indicate a compensatory mechanism which is not present or diminished in the diabetic subgroup .
{"title":"Nitric Oxide Response to Acute Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","authors":"A. Kaya, Alev Arat-Özkan, Özge Köner, H. Balcı, O. Abacı, T. Gürmen, S. Kucukoğlu, Z. Yiğit","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.73777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.73777","url":null,"abstract":"Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as a vasodilatory substance released from the endothelium which decreases in the presence of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the systemic NO response to acute exercise in untrained diabetic and nondiabetic patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). This is a prospective, clinical study consisting of three groups. Group A (n=50) consisted of nondiabetic CAD patients,group B (n=20) consisting of diabetic, CAD patients and group C (n=20) of healthy controls. All patients underwent a standard symptom limited treadmill exercise test according to the modified Bruce protocol after 24 hours low nitrite/ nitrate diet. End products of nitric oxide metabolism (NOx) were determined as the half life of NO is very short. Basal serum NOx levels of both diabetics (24±8.4μmol/L,p<0.0001)and nondiabetics (43.5±13.7μmol/L, p<0.01) were significantly lower compared to controls (66.5±3.4μmol/L). Only in the nondiabetic, CAD patient group was an increase in NOx levels observed with exercise. No increase in NOx with exercise was observed for the diabetic. CAD patient group or for the control group. In normal controls exercise induced no significant change in NOx levels. Exercise induced increase in systemic NOx levels in patients with atherosclerotic disease may indicate a compensatory mechanism which is not present or diminished in the diabetic subgroup .","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73733759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. D. Güngör, Bihter Minnoş, Esra Ilhan Sungur, A. Çotuk
Cooling water systems provide ideal aquatic environment for the microorganism multiplication. Copper and galvanized steel are frequently used in the construction of cooling towers because of their well-known antifouling property. The current study would examine the changes in total aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria (TAMHB) counts, the presence of Legionella and free-living amoeba on copper and galvanized steel surfaces and the presence of biocide in a cooling water system. In this study biofilm was confirmed by SEM on copper and galvanized coupons in experiments. Statistical analysis demostrated that heterotrophic bacteria counts were significantly (P<0.01 ) higher on the surface of galvanized steel coupons than on the surface of copper coupons. Our results showed that the isolates were characterized as members of genus Pseudomonas or were closely related to this genus. Free-living amoeba were detected on the surface of copper coupons and galvanized steel coupons whereas Legionella pneumophila was not established by culture method.
{"title":"Biofilm Formation on Copper and Galvanized Steel Surfaces in a Cooling-Water System","authors":"N. D. Güngör, Bihter Minnoş, Esra Ilhan Sungur, A. Çotuk","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.57457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.57457","url":null,"abstract":"Cooling water systems provide ideal aquatic environment for the microorganism multiplication. Copper and galvanized steel are frequently used in the construction of cooling towers because of their well-known antifouling property. The current study would examine the changes in total aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria (TAMHB) counts, the presence of Legionella and free-living amoeba on copper and galvanized steel surfaces and the presence of biocide in a cooling water system. In this study biofilm was confirmed by SEM on copper and galvanized coupons in experiments. Statistical analysis demostrated that heterotrophic bacteria counts were significantly (P<0.01 ) higher on the surface of galvanized steel coupons than on the surface of copper coupons. Our results showed that the isolates were characterized as members of genus Pseudomonas or were closely related to this genus. Free-living amoeba were detected on the surface of copper coupons and galvanized steel coupons whereas Legionella pneumophila was not established by culture method.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87699034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Erdem, Sevan Gürün, Z. Zeybek, Nihal Dogruoz, A. Çotuk
Some pathogenic bacteria found in drinking water may cause infections in many countries. The control of these infections is done by water treatment. It's very important to monitor faecal and total coliform bacteria for the examination of microbiologic quality of drinking water. In addition, the determination of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria growing in 22 - 37 oC is also used in measure of bacterial pollution. In our study 88 bottled water belong 22 different brands were examined. The samples of water that are taken from plastic bottles of 19 L were examinated for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, faecal coliform, total coliform, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp ., presence of free living amoeba. Faecal coliform, total coliform, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp . and the existence of free living ameoba is determined by membrane filtration; and the total mesophilic aerobic bacteria numbers determined by pour plate method. It has been found that all of the examined samples of this study are not acceptable according to the standarts of TSE, EPA and WHO. Although we took four different samples from the same brand, we found level of different pollutions. Resumably, method of cleaning up the bottles and the unhealthy conditions of filling facilities might cause these differences. In conclusion, our study showed that it's very important that the systematic microbiological monitoring and control of bottled water which is used as drinking water. Also this control should be done by authorized foundations filling facilities and bottled water.
{"title":"Microbiological Investigation of Bottled Waters From Different Suppliers From Istanbul","authors":"A. Erdem, Sevan Gürün, Z. Zeybek, Nihal Dogruoz, A. Çotuk","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.07398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.07398","url":null,"abstract":"Some pathogenic bacteria found in drinking water may cause infections in many countries. The control of these infections is done by water treatment. It's very important to monitor faecal and total coliform bacteria for the examination of microbiologic quality of drinking water. In addition, the determination of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria growing in 22 - 37 oC is also used in measure of bacterial pollution. In our study 88 bottled water belong 22 different brands were examined. The samples of water that are taken from plastic bottles of 19 L were examinated for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, faecal coliform, total coliform, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp ., presence of free living amoeba. Faecal coliform, total coliform, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp . and the existence of free living ameoba is determined by membrane filtration; and the total mesophilic aerobic bacteria numbers determined by pour plate method. It has been found that all of the examined samples of this study are not acceptable according to the standarts of TSE, EPA and WHO. Although we took four different samples from the same brand, we found level of different pollutions. Resumably, method of cleaning up the bottles and the unhealthy conditions of filling facilities might cause these differences. In conclusion, our study showed that it's very important that the systematic microbiological monitoring and control of bottled water which is used as drinking water. Also this control should be done by authorized foundations filling facilities and bottled water.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76644488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turkey is one of the important centres of origin for genus Onosma ( Boraginaceae ) with about 95 species including 48 endemics (ca.50%). A very limited number of investigations for fatty acid patterns and α-tocopherol contents of the seed oils were reported in this genus. Some differences were observed in total oil (18.8-24.0%) and α-tocopherol contents (1.66-46.03%) between species. Major unsaturated fatty acids were α-linolenic (38.70-41.05%), linoleic (16.13-18.38%) and oleic acids (11.86-12.96%) respectively. Palmitic (6.327.71%), E¤-linolenic (6.36-6.92%) and stearic (2.15-2.32%) acids showed considerable levels. Other fatty acid concentrations were at minor concentrations below 1 % of the seed oils. Total oil content in addition to oleic and α-linolenic acids quantified at higher levels in endemic O. bracteosum . The other fatty acids and α-tocopherol were observed at higher concentrations in O. thracicum . Some variations were examined in quantities, total percentages and the ratios of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as additional chemotaxonomic markers. Differences for whole series of fatty acids were not significant between species but, significantly difference was found based on six calculated ratios of the fatty acids (p<0.05). Investigated Onosma species could be evaluated as the alternative wild sources for the production of essential fatty acids (EFA) including α-linolenic (ω-3), linoleic and unusual E¤-linolenic (ω-6) acids.
{"title":"Characterization of Onosma bracteosum Hausskn. & Bornm. and Onosma thracicum Velen. Based on Fatty Acid Compositions and α-Tocopherol Contents of the Seed Oils","authors":"T. Özcan","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.13273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.13273","url":null,"abstract":"Turkey is one of the important centres of origin for genus Onosma ( Boraginaceae ) with about 95 species including 48 endemics (ca.50%). A very limited number of investigations for fatty acid patterns and α-tocopherol contents of the seed oils were reported in this genus. Some differences were observed in total oil (18.8-24.0%) and α-tocopherol contents (1.66-46.03%) between species. Major unsaturated fatty acids were α-linolenic (38.70-41.05%), linoleic (16.13-18.38%) and oleic acids (11.86-12.96%) respectively. Palmitic (6.327.71%), E¤-linolenic (6.36-6.92%) and stearic (2.15-2.32%) acids showed considerable levels. Other fatty acid concentrations were at minor concentrations below 1 % of the seed oils. Total oil content in addition to oleic and α-linolenic acids quantified at higher levels in endemic O. bracteosum . The other fatty acids and α-tocopherol were observed at higher concentrations in O. thracicum . Some variations were examined in quantities, total percentages and the ratios of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as additional chemotaxonomic markers. Differences for whole series of fatty acids were not significant between species but, significantly difference was found based on six calculated ratios of the fatty acids (p<0.05). Investigated Onosma species could be evaluated as the alternative wild sources for the production of essential fatty acids (EFA) including α-linolenic (ω-3), linoleic and unusual E¤-linolenic (ω-6) acids.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85580413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sancar-Bas, Engin Kaptan, M. Inceli, A. Sezen, Huseyin Us
Mucins in the fundic stomach and small intestine of Rana ridibunda were studied by using the techniques such as lectins as a specific probe binding terminal sugar residues and standard histochemistry in light microscopic level. In this study, we focused on morphofunctional diversities of different regions of the digestive tract and their feasible physiological and evolutionary implications. We used the following standard histochemical techniques: contained periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB) pH 1.0 and 2.5, toluidin blue, aldehyde fucsin and bromfenol blue. For lectin histochemistry, five different lectins were used namely, DBA, WGA, PNA, ConA and UEA-I. The glycoconjugate produced in the fundic part of the stomach is composed of mainly neutral mucins and strongly sulphated acid mucins with α-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residues. Besides, the glycoconjugate secreted from the small intestine consists of mostly sulphated sialo and neutral mucins with N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine moieties. It can be concluded that the differences in glycoconjugates types and the sugar residues in two digestive tract regions of Rana ridibunda may be related to special functions and rheological characteristics of the mucins.
采用凝集素作为特异性探针结合末端糖残基和光镜下标准组织化学等技术，对豚鼠胃底部和小肠的粘蛋白进行了研究。在这项研究中，我们关注消化道不同区域的形态功能多样性及其可能的生理和进化意义。我们使用了以下标准组织化学技术:含周期酸-希夫(PAS)，阿利新蓝(AB) pH 1.0和2.5，甲苯胺蓝，醛fucsin和溴酚蓝。凝集素组织化学采用DBA、WGA、PNA、ConA和UEA-I五种不同的凝集素。胃底部产生的糖缀合物主要由中性粘蛋白和强硫酸粘蛋白组成，含有α- n -乙酰- d -半乳糖胺和n -乙酰-β- d -氨基葡萄糖胺残基。此外，从小肠分泌的糖缀合物主要由硫酸盐和含有n -乙酰基-β- d -氨基葡萄糖的中性粘蛋白组成。由此可以推断，利迪布达蛙两个消化道区糖缀合物类型和糖残基的差异可能与粘蛋白的特殊功能和流变特性有关。
{"title":"Glycoconjugate Histochemistry in the Fundic Stomach and Small Intestine of the Frog (Rana ridibunda)","authors":"S. Sancar-Bas, Engin Kaptan, M. Inceli, A. Sezen, Huseyin Us","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.32730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.32730","url":null,"abstract":"Mucins in the fundic stomach and small intestine of Rana ridibunda were studied by using the techniques such as lectins as a specific probe binding terminal sugar residues and standard histochemistry in light microscopic level. In this study, we focused on morphofunctional diversities of different regions of the digestive tract and their feasible physiological and evolutionary implications. We used the following standard histochemical techniques: contained periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB) pH 1.0 and 2.5, toluidin blue, aldehyde fucsin and bromfenol blue. For lectin histochemistry, five different lectins were used namely, DBA, WGA, PNA, ConA and UEA-I. The glycoconjugate produced in the fundic part of the stomach is composed of mainly neutral mucins and strongly sulphated acid mucins with α-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residues. Besides, the glycoconjugate secreted from the small intestine consists of mostly sulphated sialo and neutral mucins with N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine moieties. It can be concluded that the differences in glycoconjugates types and the sugar residues in two digestive tract regions of Rana ridibunda may be related to special functions and rheological characteristics of the mucins.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75091188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. A. Al-Juboori, Rafi Al-Rawi, Hussein Kadhem A-Hakeim
Decreased thyroid hormone synthesis and low levels of circulating thyroid hormones result in biochemical and/or clinical hypothyroidism. Deficiency of thyroid hormones causes many metabolic processes to slow down. The maintenance of optimal health requires an adequate supply of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, and macronutrients, micronutrients, and trace elements. In this work, the serum content of the trace elements; Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se in hypothyroidism patients was determined and compared to that of normal subjects. Seventy three ypothyroid patients and fifty normal healthy control persons participated in this study. Serum zinc and copper were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while determination of manganese and selenium were done using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that serum zinc and selenium level of hypothyroidism patients are significantly lower (p 0.05) in serum copper. The results of this work as discussed indicate, the role of these trace elements in many metabolic process either as essential nutrients or as cofactors for different enzymes contributed directly or indirectly to the hypothyroidism. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that the metabolism of zinc, manganese, and selenium is abnormal in hypothyroidism disease.
{"title":"Estimation of Serum Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Zinc in Hypothyroidism Patients","authors":"I. A. Al-Juboori, Rafi Al-Rawi, Hussein Kadhem A-Hakeim","doi":"10.18478/IUFSJB.52628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18478/IUFSJB.52628","url":null,"abstract":"Decreased thyroid hormone synthesis and low levels of circulating thyroid hormones result in biochemical and/or clinical hypothyroidism. Deficiency of thyroid hormones causes many metabolic processes to slow down. The maintenance of optimal health requires an adequate supply of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, and macronutrients, micronutrients, and trace elements. In this work, the serum content of the trace elements; Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se in hypothyroidism patients was determined and compared to that of normal subjects. Seventy three ypothyroid patients and fifty normal healthy control persons participated in this study. Serum zinc and copper were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while determination of manganese and selenium were done using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that serum zinc and selenium level of hypothyroidism patients are significantly lower (p 0.05) in serum copper. The results of this work as discussed indicate, the role of these trace elements in many metabolic process either as essential nutrients or as cofactors for different enzymes contributed directly or indirectly to the hypothyroidism. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that the metabolism of zinc, manganese, and selenium is abnormal in hypothyroidism disease.","PeriodicalId":14521,"journal":{"name":"IUFS Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85337120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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