Serological grouping of Veillonella alcalescens strains isolated from the alimentary tract was performed by cross agglutination. There were complicated antigenic relationships among these strains, which were divided basically into two groups. One group consisted of strains of rumen origin and the other of strains of lower alimentary tract origin.When Veillonella alcalescens was examined for antigenic structure, it possessed heat-labile antigen in addition to somatic antigen. Furthermore, it was clarified that formolized antigen was closely related to heat-labile antigen. This heat-labile antigen corresponded to K-antigen of enterobacteria. It resembled C-type antigen found in Proteus, but did not resemble B-type antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
{"title":"A Serological Study of Veillonella alcalescens Isolated from Ruminants","authors":"K. Ogimoto, S. Namioka, T. Suto","doi":"10.3412/jsb.24.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/jsb.24.246","url":null,"abstract":"Serological grouping of Veillonella alcalescens strains isolated from the alimentary tract was performed by cross agglutination. There were complicated antigenic relationships among these strains, which were divided basically into two groups. One group consisted of strains of rumen origin and the other of strains of lower alimentary tract origin.When Veillonella alcalescens was examined for antigenic structure, it possessed heat-labile antigen in addition to somatic antigen. Furthermore, it was clarified that formolized antigen was closely related to heat-labile antigen. This heat-labile antigen corresponded to K-antigen of enterobacteria. It resembled C-type antigen found in Proteus, but did not resemble B-type antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"57 6 1","pages":"246-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75892927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies were carried out on five staphylococcal strains with special reference to coagulase production, deoxyribonuclease activity and virulence. The experimental animals used were mice of the dd strain. They were inoculated intraperitoneally throughout the experiments.Results obtained are as follows.1) The lethal effect of the broth culture differed from strain to strain, irrespective of coagulase production and nuclease activity. Some of the nuclease-positive strains were of lower virulence, while some of the coagulase-negative strains showed a high virulence.2) The same result was obtained in any cases, as determined by lethality for mice within 14 days after inoculation or by the time of death after inoculation. It was not necessary to observe the animals beyond 72 hours for this purpose.3) Some strains produced a toxic substance in the culture filtrate. The substance was eluted from an ECTEOLA- or DEAE-cellulose column with 0.001M∼0.02M phosphate buffer (pH 7.1). In some strains which were coagulase-negative and nuclease-positive, the culture filtrate showed an inhibiting effect against the virulence of the other strains.4) Cell infiltration, induration and abscess formation were seen at the site of injection in some cases injected with coagulase-positive, nuclease-positive strains. Any coagulase-negative, nuclease-positive strains did not induced such effect, even though they showed a relatively high virulence.5) The inoculated organisms were distributed mainly in liver, spleen, and kidney, irrespective of virulence.
{"title":"Studies on the virulence of staphylococci. l. Relationship between the virulence and deoxyribonuclease and coagulase activities","authors":"K. Kamijo","doi":"10.3412/jsb.24.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/jsb.24.183","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were carried out on five staphylococcal strains with special reference to coagulase production, deoxyribonuclease activity and virulence. The experimental animals used were mice of the dd strain. They were inoculated intraperitoneally throughout the experiments.Results obtained are as follows.1) The lethal effect of the broth culture differed from strain to strain, irrespective of coagulase production and nuclease activity. Some of the nuclease-positive strains were of lower virulence, while some of the coagulase-negative strains showed a high virulence.2) The same result was obtained in any cases, as determined by lethality for mice within 14 days after inoculation or by the time of death after inoculation. It was not necessary to observe the animals beyond 72 hours for this purpose.3) Some strains produced a toxic substance in the culture filtrate. The substance was eluted from an ECTEOLA- or DEAE-cellulose column with 0.001M∼0.02M phosphate buffer (pH 7.1). In some strains which were coagulase-negative and nuclease-positive, the culture filtrate showed an inhibiting effect against the virulence of the other strains.4) Cell infiltration, induration and abscess formation were seen at the site of injection in some cases injected with coagulase-positive, nuclease-positive strains. Any coagulase-negative, nuclease-positive strains did not induced such effect, even though they showed a relatively high virulence.5) The inoculated organisms were distributed mainly in liver, spleen, and kidney, irrespective of virulence.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"63 1","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78208611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the previous paper, it was reported that the purified K antigens of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains O2:K3 and O2:K28 had been shown to have antigenic specificity by the Ouchterlony method, and that analysis had clarified that these antigens were mainly composed of acidic polysaccharide. The present paper deals with the immunochemical characteristics of the remaining 43 of the 46 types of purified K antigens of the organism.The results obtained are summarized as follows.1) All the K antigens, except K 27 and K 16 which failed to release any K antigenic substance by the phenol water extraction method, were proved to be substances mainly composed of acidic polysaccharide.2) Thirty-nine of the 43 types of purified K antigens showed antigenic specificity against homologous anti-KO serum by the Ouchterlony gel-diffusion method.3) It was proved serologically that O3:K30 and O5:K14 had exactly the same K antigen, although they had different O antigens.4) The pilot strain of the organism, O11:K35, which has lately been added as a new serotype, gave completely the same results with the pre-existing O5:K15 pilot strain.5) Chemical analysis of the purified K antigens revealed that the sugar composition varied with the type of K antigens, except O2:K3 and O2:K28. The sugar detected were glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, rhamnose, ribose, glucosamine, galactosamine, uronic acid, sialic acid, and several unknown kinds. Uronic acid or sialic acid was detected from 18 of the 43 K antigens tested.
{"title":"Studies on K Antigens of Vibrio parahaemolyticus","authors":"Y. Kudoh","doi":"10.3412/JSB.24.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.24.174","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous paper, it was reported that the purified K antigens of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains O2:K3 and O2:K28 had been shown to have antigenic specificity by the Ouchterlony method, and that analysis had clarified that these antigens were mainly composed of acidic polysaccharide. The present paper deals with the immunochemical characteristics of the remaining 43 of the 46 types of purified K antigens of the organism.The results obtained are summarized as follows.1) All the K antigens, except K 27 and K 16 which failed to release any K antigenic substance by the phenol water extraction method, were proved to be substances mainly composed of acidic polysaccharide.2) Thirty-nine of the 43 types of purified K antigens showed antigenic specificity against homologous anti-KO serum by the Ouchterlony gel-diffusion method.3) It was proved serologically that O3:K30 and O5:K14 had exactly the same K antigen, although they had different O antigens.4) The pilot strain of the organism, O11:K35, which has lately been added as a new serotype, gave completely the same results with the pre-existing O5:K15 pilot strain.5) Chemical analysis of the purified K antigens revealed that the sugar composition varied with the type of K antigens, except O2:K3 and O2:K28. The sugar detected were glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, rhamnose, ribose, glucosamine, galactosamine, uronic acid, sialic acid, and several unknown kinds. Uronic acid or sialic acid was detected from 18 of the 43 K antigens tested.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"53 1","pages":"174-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80784070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this series of studies, peptone and heart infusion were studied for allergenicity with special reference to the reaction of immediate type in guinea pigs, since some of the side reactions of tetanus toxoid following the inoculation were apparently related to the allergy caused by materials contained in the medium used for the toxin production.The previous paper showed that heart infusion was more allergenic than peptone, and that the allergenicity was presumably related to substance(s) of large molecular weight. On the other hand, the toxin production was promoted by substance(s) of small molecular weight contained in the infusion.This paper demonstrated the existence of allergenic substance(s) derived from the constituents of the medium in the preparations of purified tetanus toxoid.To remove the antigenic substance(s) effectively, fractionation with ethanol or dialysation of peptone or heart infusion was tried, and the following conclusions were obtained.1) All the components effective for the toxin production in heart infusion were dialyzable. A maximum toxin production was shown with an amount of 0.5% of the dialysate. Most of the effective materials of peptones were also dialyzable.2) No significant differences were observed in the potencies of the toxins between media consisting of dialyzed and undialyzed materials of both constituents.3) The toxoid sample derived from a medium consisting of the dialysate of both components was higher in purity and lower in allergenicity to materials in medium than that derived from a medium containing undialyzable materials. No significant difference was found in potency between both toxoid samples.4) The effective components for toxin production in heart infusion were soluble in 85% ethanol. The soluble fraction, however, still contained allergenic materials, though it induced no precipitation with trichloroacetic acid.
{"title":"Studies on the Side Reactions of Tetanus Toxoid","authors":"A. Yamamoto, K. Akama","doi":"10.3412/JSB.24.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.24.359","url":null,"abstract":"In this series of studies, peptone and heart infusion were studied for allergenicity with special reference to the reaction of immediate type in guinea pigs, since some of the side reactions of tetanus toxoid following the inoculation were apparently related to the allergy caused by materials contained in the medium used for the toxin production.The previous paper showed that heart infusion was more allergenic than peptone, and that the allergenicity was presumably related to substance(s) of large molecular weight. On the other hand, the toxin production was promoted by substance(s) of small molecular weight contained in the infusion.This paper demonstrated the existence of allergenic substance(s) derived from the constituents of the medium in the preparations of purified tetanus toxoid.To remove the antigenic substance(s) effectively, fractionation with ethanol or dialysation of peptone or heart infusion was tried, and the following conclusions were obtained.1) All the components effective for the toxin production in heart infusion were dialyzable. A maximum toxin production was shown with an amount of 0.5% of the dialysate. Most of the effective materials of peptones were also dialyzable.2) No significant differences were observed in the potencies of the toxins between media consisting of dialyzed and undialyzed materials of both constituents.3) The toxoid sample derived from a medium consisting of the dialysate of both components was higher in purity and lower in allergenicity to materials in medium than that derived from a medium containing undialyzable materials. No significant difference was found in potency between both toxoid samples.4) The effective components for toxin production in heart infusion were soluble in 85% ethanol. The soluble fraction, however, still contained allergenic materials, though it induced no precipitation with trichloroacetic acid.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"357 1","pages":"359-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73975448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phage P22 was purified by the concentration in vacuo, ultracentrifugation and ECTEOLA-cellulose column chromatography from its lysate. Yield of the purified Phage was 10ml (1013 phages per ml) obtained from original lysate of 3l. The protein preparation was carried out by acetic acid degradation and its yield was 10ml (2.2mg/ml) from 50ml of the purified phage. The protein showed the mobility of 8.293mm in the electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strip, while the mobilities of the components of rabbit serum were 23.771, 16.271, 10.771 and 8.443mm, respectively. The values of the host flagella and host protein were 3.650mm and 0.000mm, respectively. Consequently, the phage protein obtained was of a single component and differed from the host protein. According to the amino acid analysis, histidine, leucine, lysine, and phenylalanine were found more abundantly in phage protein than in host protein. In general, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and leucine were predominant of the other amino acids. Proline was found only in the phage protein and was not in the host protein.
{"title":"Studies on the Phage Protein. (I)","authors":"K. Kamijo, M. Horikoshi","doi":"10.3412/JSB.24.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.24.240","url":null,"abstract":"Phage P22 was purified by the concentration in vacuo, ultracentrifugation and ECTEOLA-cellulose column chromatography from its lysate. Yield of the purified Phage was 10ml (1013 phages per ml) obtained from original lysate of 3l. The protein preparation was carried out by acetic acid degradation and its yield was 10ml (2.2mg/ml) from 50ml of the purified phage. The protein showed the mobility of 8.293mm in the electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strip, while the mobilities of the components of rabbit serum were 23.771, 16.271, 10.771 and 8.443mm, respectively. The values of the host flagella and host protein were 3.650mm and 0.000mm, respectively. Consequently, the phage protein obtained was of a single component and differed from the host protein. According to the amino acid analysis, histidine, leucine, lysine, and phenylalanine were found more abundantly in phage protein than in host protein. In general, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and leucine were predominant of the other amino acids. Proline was found only in the phage protein and was not in the host protein.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"1 1","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88662165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since Abbott and Shannon introduced a systematic colicin typing of Shigella sonnei their method have widely been used for epidemiological studies of group D Shigellosis. However, the inhibition pattern based on their qualitative determination somewhat lacks in reproducibility.As the first step to improve the colicin typing of Shigella sonnei, attempts were made to establish a quantitative method for the determination of colicin activity and then examine basic conditions for the colicin production quantitatively. Types 5, 11, and 12 strains were used throughout the experiment. Both liquid and solid media were employed.The following results were obtained.1. Dorset egg medium was superior to cooked meat medium for the storage of colicin-producing strains.2. Colicin production was better at 37°C than at 30°C, although the difference in bacterial growth was little between the two temperatures of incubation.3. Similar to Escherichia coli which produces K and V colicins, yeast extract or cattle blood increased the colicin production by Shigella sonnei. Hence brain heart infusion (Difco) supplemented with 5% cattle blood was a medium suitable for the colicin production.4. Basic conditions for the colicin production on the solid medium were similar to those in the liquid medium, except that the colicin activity of type 12 strain began to decline at 48 hours of cultivation.
{"title":"Studies on Colicin Production by Shigella sonnei","authors":"M. Ishikura, H. Kodama, Y. Gyobu, K. Kubota","doi":"10.3412/JSB.24.631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.24.631","url":null,"abstract":"Since Abbott and Shannon introduced a systematic colicin typing of Shigella sonnei their method have widely been used for epidemiological studies of group D Shigellosis. However, the inhibition pattern based on their qualitative determination somewhat lacks in reproducibility.As the first step to improve the colicin typing of Shigella sonnei, attempts were made to establish a quantitative method for the determination of colicin activity and then examine basic conditions for the colicin production quantitatively. Types 5, 11, and 12 strains were used throughout the experiment. Both liquid and solid media were employed.The following results were obtained.1. Dorset egg medium was superior to cooked meat medium for the storage of colicin-producing strains.2. Colicin production was better at 37°C than at 30°C, although the difference in bacterial growth was little between the two temperatures of incubation.3. Similar to Escherichia coli which produces K and V colicins, yeast extract or cattle blood increased the colicin production by Shigella sonnei. Hence brain heart infusion (Difco) supplemented with 5% cattle blood was a medium suitable for the colicin production.4. Basic conditions for the colicin production on the solid medium were similar to those in the liquid medium, except that the colicin activity of type 12 strain began to decline at 48 hours of cultivation.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"80 1","pages":"543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73027285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Macrophages collected from the rabbit lung by the method of Myrvic showed a high degree of uniformity both morphologically and functionally; more than 95% of the cells consisted of large monocytes and 90 to 95% of the cells had an activity of phagocytosis in vitro.A study on the phagocytosis of these cells against Staphylococcus epidermidis revealed that the phagocytic action required normal rabbit serum as an active component in the reaction mixture, and that when added at the rate of 10%, the serum exhibited a full activity. The active component contained in normal rabbit serum was found to react directly with Staphylococcus epidermidis by opsonization so that the organism might easily be picked up by the macrophages. No washing of the opsonized organism exerted influence on the phagocytic index of the macrophages. The pretreatment of the macrophages with the active component enhanced the phagocytic action of these cells to some extent, but far less than the same treatment of the microorganism.Kinetic experiments made on this system showed that the phagocytic reaction apparently proceeded on the basis of the first order reaction, and that the time required for 50% reaction was 14 minutes in a given condition
{"title":"A Study on the Phagocytosis of Macrophage","authors":"K. Ozu","doi":"10.3412/JSB.24.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.24.221","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophages collected from the rabbit lung by the method of Myrvic showed a high degree of uniformity both morphologically and functionally; more than 95% of the cells consisted of large monocytes and 90 to 95% of the cells had an activity of phagocytosis in vitro.A study on the phagocytosis of these cells against Staphylococcus epidermidis revealed that the phagocytic action required normal rabbit serum as an active component in the reaction mixture, and that when added at the rate of 10%, the serum exhibited a full activity. The active component contained in normal rabbit serum was found to react directly with Staphylococcus epidermidis by opsonization so that the organism might easily be picked up by the macrophages. No washing of the opsonized organism exerted influence on the phagocytic index of the macrophages. The pretreatment of the macrophages with the active component enhanced the phagocytic action of these cells to some extent, but far less than the same treatment of the microorganism.Kinetic experiments made on this system showed that the phagocytic reaction apparently proceeded on the basis of the first order reaction, and that the time required for 50% reaction was 14 minutes in a given condition","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"5 1","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86086510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A substance stimulating contraction of the isolated rat uterus in Tyrode solution was found both in the culture supernatant and in the soluble cellular fractions of Clostridium botulinum type A by the Magnus method. The contractile substance was separated from the culture supernatant and partially purified by Dowex column chromatography and paper chromatography.This substance had a molecular weight lower than 180 and gave a pink spot (Rf value, 0.13) on the paper chromatogram run in butanol: acetic acid: water (3:1:1) by ninhydrin. It exhibited no positive reaction with diazo, Dragendorff, or Sakaguchi reagent.
{"title":"Substance in Clostridium botulinum type A causing uterine contraction in rats","authors":"S. Sato, T. Kawata","doi":"10.3412/jsb.24.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/jsb.24.189","url":null,"abstract":"A substance stimulating contraction of the isolated rat uterus in Tyrode solution was found both in the culture supernatant and in the soluble cellular fractions of Clostridium botulinum type A by the Magnus method. The contractile substance was separated from the culture supernatant and partially purified by Dowex column chromatography and paper chromatography.This substance had a molecular weight lower than 180 and gave a pink spot (Rf value, 0.13) on the paper chromatogram run in butanol: acetic acid: water (3:1:1) by ninhydrin. It exhibited no positive reaction with diazo, Dragendorff, or Sakaguchi reagent.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"42 1","pages":"189-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86851812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A collection of nonphotochromogenic, rapidly growing, acid-fast bacilli isolated from nature was analyzed on the basis of the Adansonian classification proposed by Sneath (1957).Of ninety-one strains used, seventy-eight (86 per cent) were classified as M. fortuitum. Of these, fifty-nine of sixty-six strains studied selectively (89 per cent) were isolates: sixteen of twenty-one (76 per cent) were sewage isolates; one of one was river water isolate; two of three were sea water isolates. Most of these fresh isolates were identified as M. fortuitum. Their biological and biochemical characteristics were compatible with those of the disease-associated strains. Only two strains were recognized to beof M. smegmatis. Eleven of the remaining strains could not be classified by the methods used. No strains of M. abscessus were observed. This result suggests that this organism may hardly or not existin nature.M. runyonii (Bojalil et al., 1962) has been listed as a synonym of M. abscessus (Moore et al., 1953). The name M. abscessus is valid, since it has priority.There was a close relationship between M. abscessus and M. borstelense.
根据Sneath(1957)提出的adanonian分类，对从自然界分离的非光显性、快速生长的抗酸杆菌进行了分析。在所使用的91个菌株中，78个(86%)被归类为福氏分枝杆菌。其中，选择性研究的66种菌株中有59种(89%)是分离株;21种菌株中有16种(76%)是污水分离株;其中一个是孤立的河水;其中两个是与海水隔绝的。这些新鲜分离株多数被鉴定为福氏分枝杆菌。它们的生物学和生化特性与疾病相关菌株一致。只有两株被确认为耻毛分枝杆菌。剩下的菌株中有11个无法通过所使用的方法进行分类。未观察到脓肿分枝杆菌。这一结果表明，这种有机体可能几乎不存在，也可能根本不存在。runyonii (Bojalil et al.， 1962)被列为M.脓肿的同义词(Moore et al.， 1953)。脓肿分枝杆菌这个名字是有效的，因为它具有优先权。脓肿支原体与竹支原体亲缘关系密切。
{"title":"非定型抗酸菌Group IV Rapid Growersに関する研究","authors":"H. Saito, H. Tasaka, N. Takei","doi":"10.3412/JSB.23.758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.23.758","url":null,"abstract":"A collection of nonphotochromogenic, rapidly growing, acid-fast bacilli isolated from nature was analyzed on the basis of the Adansonian classification proposed by Sneath (1957).Of ninety-one strains used, seventy-eight (86 per cent) were classified as M. fortuitum. Of these, fifty-nine of sixty-six strains studied selectively (89 per cent) were isolates: sixteen of twenty-one (76 per cent) were sewage isolates; one of one was river water isolate; two of three were sea water isolates. Most of these fresh isolates were identified as M. fortuitum. Their biological and biochemical characteristics were compatible with those of the disease-associated strains. Only two strains were recognized to beof M. smegmatis. Eleven of the remaining strains could not be classified by the methods used. No strains of M. abscessus were observed. This result suggests that this organism may hardly or not existin nature.M. runyonii (Bojalil et al., 1962) has been listed as a synonym of M. abscessus (Moore et al., 1953). The name M. abscessus is valid, since it has priority.There was a close relationship between M. abscessus and M. borstelense.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"21 1","pages":"387-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73636354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the previous report, it was made clear that inosine, the antibody-promoting factor, accelerated the biosynthesis of bovine serum gamma globulin (BSG) when applied to the quantitative precipitation test. In the present investigation, 13 substances were selected from among those related to inosine metabolic degradation, and examined in vitro to clarify the interrelations between their action and inosine in the biosynthesis of BSG.I. Of these substances tested, cysteine increased the formation of BSG, whereas its derivatives, such as thiazolidon-4-carboxylate, cysteine-s-sulfonate, and taurin, were ineffective or inhibitory. When cysteine was used together with adenosine, it displayed a potential effect on the biosynthesis of BSG. Moreover, it displayed an additional effect when used together with either inosine or ADP.2. XMP, CMP, uracil and orotic acid did not act effectively upon the biosynthesis of BSG.3. SH-inhibiting substances, such as thiourea, potassium iodate, atoxyl, p-aminobenzoic acid, p-chlorobenzoic acid, and cobaltous ion, had an ineffective or inhibitory action upon the biosynthesis of BSG. UMP alone displayed such an accelerating effect as that of cysteine.4. Pyridoxal, biotin and pantothenic acid had hardly any effect upon the biosynthesis of BSG.5. When used alone, adrenalin exerted an inhibitory action on the biosynthesis of BSG and a stimulating effect upon the adenosine action.
{"title":"抗体動員物質“イノシン”の牛血清γ-グロブリンの生合成に及ぼす影響(2)","authors":"T. Hiroo","doi":"10.3412/JSB.23.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3412/JSB.23.431","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous report, it was made clear that inosine, the antibody-promoting factor, accelerated the biosynthesis of bovine serum gamma globulin (BSG) when applied to the quantitative precipitation test. In the present investigation, 13 substances were selected from among those related to inosine metabolic degradation, and examined in vitro to clarify the interrelations between their action and inosine in the biosynthesis of BSG.I. Of these substances tested, cysteine increased the formation of BSG, whereas its derivatives, such as thiazolidon-4-carboxylate, cysteine-s-sulfonate, and taurin, were ineffective or inhibitory. When cysteine was used together with adenosine, it displayed a potential effect on the biosynthesis of BSG. Moreover, it displayed an additional effect when used together with either inosine or ADP.2. XMP, CMP, uracil and orotic acid did not act effectively upon the biosynthesis of BSG.3. SH-inhibiting substances, such as thiourea, potassium iodate, atoxyl, p-aminobenzoic acid, p-chlorobenzoic acid, and cobaltous ion, had an ineffective or inhibitory action upon the biosynthesis of BSG. UMP alone displayed such an accelerating effect as that of cysteine.4. Pyridoxal, biotin and pantothenic acid had hardly any effect upon the biosynthesis of BSG.5. When used alone, adrenalin exerted an inhibitory action on the biosynthesis of BSG and a stimulating effect upon the adenosine action.","PeriodicalId":14812,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of bacteriology","volume":"32 1","pages":"431-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91261930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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