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2023 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)最新文献

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Advanced GaN IPM for High-Frequency Converter Applications Enabled with Thin-Substrates 用于高频转换器应用的先进GaN IPM与薄衬底
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131488
Sourish S. Sinha, Tzu-Hsuan Cheng, Keval Parmar, D. Hopkins
Extracting the potential of Wide Bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices needs enhanced electrical and thermal packaging. This paper presents a half-bridge GaN-based Integrated Power Module (IPM) with inclusive gate drivers, driver caps, and decoupling caps for a 500kHz/0.8kW converter application. Presented are the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a dense, double-side cooled IPM utilizing an advanced epoxy-resin insulated metal substrate (eIMS) with 120µm thin dielectric for 400V/ 8.3ns high edge-rate switching (i.e. with $dv/dt$ of highest frequency of interest (HFI)). The common mode (CM) capacitance has been optimized. The thermal performance of the module was validated through ANSYS simulation, and the symmetry of the sandwiched substrate structure ensured for symmetric temperature distribution and stress management. An experimental Double Pulse Test (DPT) board with low isolation capacitance was developed to characterize the maximum dynamic performance. Finally, the CM effects on a full-bridge converter application are evaluated to show the efficacy of thin-substrate packaging for application at industrial power levels.
挖掘宽带隙(WBG)半导体器件的潜力需要增强的电气和热封装。本文提出了一种基于gan的半桥集成电源模块(IPM),包括栅极驱动器,驱动器帽和去耦帽,用于500kHz/0.8kW变换器应用。介绍了一种密集的双面冷却IPM的设计、制造和实验表征,该IPM采用先进的环氧树脂绝缘金属衬底(eIMS),具有120 μ m薄电介质,用于400V/ 8.3ns高边率开关(即以最高感兴趣频率(HFI)的dv/dt$)。共模(CM)电容已优化。通过ANSYS仿真验证了该模块的热性能,夹层基板结构的对称性保证了温度分布和应力管理的对称性。研制了一种低隔离电容双脉冲测试(DPT)实验板,以表征其最大动态性能。最后,对CM对全桥变换器应用的影响进行了评估,以显示薄衬底封装在工业功率水平下应用的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic power allocation control for frequency regulation using hybrid electrolyzer systems 混合电解槽系统的频率调节动态功率分配控制
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131557
M. Agredano-Torres, Q. Xu, Mengfan Zhang, L. Söder, A. Cornell
The increase in hydrogen production to support the energy transition in different sectors, such as the steel industry, leads to the utilization of large scale electrolyzers. These electrolyzers have the ability to become a fundamental tool for grid stability providing grid services, especially frequency regulation, for power grids with a high share of renewable energy sources. Alkaline electrolyzers (AELs) have low cost and long lifetime, but their slow dynamics make them unsuitable for fast frequency regulation, especially in case of contingencies. Proton Exchange Membrane electrolyzers (PEMELs) have fast dynamic response to provide grid services, but they have higher costs. This paper proposes a dynamic power allocation control strategy for hybrid electrolyzer systems to provide frequency regulation with reduced cost, making use of advantages of AELs and PEMELs. Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the proposed control strategy.
为了支持不同行业(如钢铁行业)的能源转型,氢气生产的增加导致了大型电解槽的使用。这些电解槽有能力成为电网稳定的基本工具,为可再生能源占比高的电网提供电网服务,特别是频率调节。碱性电解槽(AELs)成本低,使用寿命长,但其缓慢的动态特性使其不适合快速频率调节,特别是在突发情况下。质子交换膜电解槽(PEMELs)具有快速的动态响应能力,可提供电网服务,但其成本较高。为了在降低成本的前提下提供频率调节,本文利用AELs和PEMELs的优点,提出了一种混合电解槽系统的动态功率分配控制策略。仿真和实验验证了所提出的控制策略。
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引用次数: 0
Shielding Technique of Planar Transformers to Suppress Common-Mode EMI Noise for LLC Converter with Full Bridge Rectifier 平面变压器抑制全桥整流器LLC变换器共模EMI噪声的屏蔽技术
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131601
Feng Jin, Ahmed Nabih, Qiang Li
The planar transformer shows excellent benefits when applied in a high efficiency and high power density LLC converter with increased common-mode (CM) noise caused by the large interwinding capacitances. For the shielding design of a half-bridge (HB) LLC converter with a full-bridge rectifier(FBR), it is essential to find the static-electric-potential (SEP) point in the physical primary or secondary windings. With the proper design of the ground connection of shielding winding, the voltage potential difference between shielding winding and primary/secondary windings is minimized, and the net displacement CM current diminishes. In this paper, the analysis of the SEP point of different transformers for the HBLLC converter with a FBR was discussed, and the net CM current under different ground connection strategies of shielding winding was compared. The CM noises of different strategies are measured based on a 1.5kW HBLLC converter with FBR hardware platform. The EMI measurement results show that it can attenuate the CM noise by 20 dB or more with proper shielding design.
当平面变压器应用于高效率、高功率密度的LLC变换器时显示出优异的性能,但由于大的交圈电容导致共模噪声增加。对于带全桥整流器(FBR)的半桥(HB) LLC变换器的屏蔽设计,必须确定其物理一次或二次绕组的静电电位(SEP)点。通过合理设计屏蔽绕组的接地,可以减小屏蔽绕组与一次/二次绕组之间的电压电位差,减小净位移CM电流。分析了带快堆的HBLLC变换器中不同变压器的SEP点,比较了屏蔽绕组不同接地策略下的净CM电流。基于FBR硬件平台的1.5kW HBLLC变换器,测量了不同策略的CM噪声。电磁干扰测量结果表明,适当的屏蔽设计可使CM噪声衰减20 dB以上。
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引用次数: 0
DAB-based Energy Storage System with Flexible Voltage Configuration and Extended Power Capability 基于dab的柔性电压配置和扩展功率的储能系统
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131589
E. Serban, Cosmin Pondiche, M. Ordonez
Product developments and requirements for wide operational voltage range of bidirectional power converters represent a technical challenge. To overcome the limitations of the current state-of-the-art, the proposed DAB-based converter topology employs a switch combination for parallel-series bridges configuration. The switching nodes of the low-voltage (LV) bridges are separately connected at the two transformer terminals. The dc ports of the two LV-bridges are interconnected through a switch interface which allows them to operate in a parallel-series fashion. The DAB-based converter with the switch interface doubles the voltage utilization range, which enables a broad range of applications for batteries (e.g., 48-V, 120-V). The MOSFET power devices within the DAB-based converter are used within their safe operation specification, while the proposed architecture allows flexible voltage configuration for different types of batteries. Furthermore, the proposed DAB-based converter extends the power capability of the converter to advantageously facilitate applications for energy storage systems (ESS). The experimental results have been performed using a 5kW nominal power DAB-based converter with silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon power MOSFET devices.
双向电源变换器宽工作电压范围的产品开发和要求是一项技术挑战。为了克服当前最先进技术的局限性,所提出的基于dab的转换器拓扑结构采用并联-串联桥配置的开关组合。低压桥的开关节点分别接在两个变压器端子上。两个lv桥的直流端口通过一个开关接口互连,该接口允许它们以并联串联方式工作。带有开关接口的基于dab的转换器使电压利用范围增加了一倍,这使得电池的应用范围广泛(例如48v, 120 v)。基于dab的转换器内的MOSFET功率器件在其安全操作规范内使用,而所提出的架构允许灵活的电压配置用于不同类型的电池。此外,所提出的基于dab的变换器扩展了变换器的功率能力,有利于促进储能系统(ESS)的应用。实验结果是使用5kW标称功率的基于dab的变换器,采用碳化硅(SiC)和硅功率MOSFET器件进行的。
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引用次数: 1
Novel DPWM Method with Suppression of the Voltage Unbalance in the Neutral-Point for Vienna Rectifier 抑制维也纳整流器中性点电压不平衡的新型DPWM方法
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131193
Young-Min Go, June-Seok Lee
This paper proposes discontinuous Pulse-Width Modulation (DPWM) method for Vienna rectifier with mitigation of the voltage unbalance in the neutral-point. Vienna rectifier is greatly stable and well-established topology for high power transmission system. However, since Vienna rectifier has the circuit structure that each phase leg and mid-point of dc-link capacitor are connected, DC and AC voltage unbalance can occur at the neutral-point. In the proposed method, fluctuation of the neutral-point voltage is analyzed based on space-vector diagram. Based on the analysis, one of the three-phase reference voltages is selected as clamped phase for suppressing the AC voltage unbalance. Furthermore, DC unbalance can be suppressed by applying the modulation method which considers the difference between dc-link top voltage and bottom voltage. In addition, mathematical prediction of the neutral-point voltage fluctuation is presented for applicating the proposed method regardless of the accuracy of the dc-link voltage sensor. The performance and validity of the proposed method is verified by simulations.
提出了维也纳整流器中性点电压不平衡的间断脉宽调制(DPWM)方法。维也纳整流器是一种稳定、完善的大功率输电系统拓扑结构。但由于维也纳整流器的电路结构是各相支路与直流电容中点相连,在中性点处可能出现直流和交流电压不平衡。该方法基于空间矢量图对中性点电压波动进行分析。在分析的基础上,选择其中一个三相参考电压作为箝位相,抑制交流电压不平衡。此外,采用考虑直流链路顶电压和底电压之差的调制方法可以抑制直流不平衡。此外,在不考虑直流电压传感器精度的情况下,给出了应用该方法的中性点电压波动的数学预测。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A Virtual Prototyping System for Silicon-Carbide Power Modules 碳化硅功率模块虚拟样机系统
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131595
K. Neumaier, Vaclav Valenta, Jonathan Chu, Yunpeng Xiao, S. Benczkowski, Bob Marquis, Sameer Yadav, Jonathan Harper, O. Picha, Rajani Thirukoluri, Roveendra Paul, Leon Zhang, Levan Bidzishvili, Thierry Bordignon, J. Victory
This paper describes a holistic design and simulation tool deployed for virtual prototyping of SiC power modules. The power module designer proceeds from concept to virtual prototype in a logical and comprehensive flow. Starting with a simple 2D DXF of the Direct Bond Copper (DBC), the module is designed through die selection and placement, layer and material property declaration, electrical connectivity, and external port definition. Automated 3D model generation is carried out through advanced Ansys scripting techniques. Multiple levels of simulation and model generation are executed through Ansys Icepak, Ansys Q3D, and SPICE. The tool has been validated on multiple onsemi SiC industrial and automotive traction power modules.
本文介绍了一种用于SiC功率模块虚拟样机的整体设计与仿真工具。电源模块设计者从概念到虚拟样机的过程是一个逻辑完整的流程。从直接键合铜(DBC)的简单2D DXF开始,该模块通过模具选择和放置,层和材料属性声明,电气连接和外部端口定义进行设计。通过先进的Ansys脚本技术自动生成3D模型。通过Ansys Icepak, Ansys Q3D和SPICE执行多级仿真和模型生成。该工具已在多个onsemi SiC工业和汽车牵引电源模块上进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Voltage Balancing of a New Five-Level Multilevel Inverter with a Modified Carrier Pulse Width Modulation Scheme 一种改进载波脉宽调制方案的新型五电平多电平逆变器电压平衡
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131230
Mohane Selvaraj, A. Dekka, D. Ronanki, A. R. Beig
The advanced multilevel inverters are designed with floating capacitors to increase their output voltage levels. For a reliable operation, these inverters require an efficient voltage balancing algorithm to control the voltage of floating capacitors at rated values. Typically, the balancing algorithm uses redundancy states and is implemented with the conventional multi-carrier pulse width modulation schemes. However, the inverter structure and load power factor affect the balancing ability of the conventional methods. In this article, the balancing algorithm based on a modified multi-carrier based modulation technique is proposed for a new five-level multilevel inverter. In the proposed modified approach, the carriers are distributed non-uniformly throughout the carrier space leading to an output voltage with overlapped voltage steps. With this philosophy, the redundancy states can be utilized effectively in achieving the balancing of floating capacitor voltages under a wide range of power factors. Also, the floating capacitor voltage ripples are minimized compared with the conventional methods. The performance comparison of the proposed and conventional methodologies at different load power factors are presented using the simulation tools.
先进的多电平逆变器采用浮动电容来提高输出电压水平。为了可靠运行,这些逆变器需要一个有效的电压平衡算法来控制浮动电容器的电压在额定值。通常,平衡算法使用冗余状态,并使用传统的多载波脉宽调制方案实现。然而,逆变器的结构和负载功率因数影响了传统方法的平衡能力。针对一种新型的五电平多电平逆变器,提出了一种基于改进的多载波调制技术的平衡算法。在提出的改进方法中,载流子在整个载流子空间中分布不均匀,导致输出电压具有重叠的电压阶跃。有了这一理念,冗余状态可以有效地用于实现浮动电容电压在广泛的功率因数下的平衡。此外,与传统方法相比,浮电容电压波动最小。利用仿真工具对所提出的方法和传统方法在不同负载功率因数下的性能进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical modelling of SiC MOSFET based on datasheet parameters considering the dynamic transfer characteristics and channel resistance dependency on the drain voltage 基于数据表参数的SiC MOSFET分析建模,考虑了动态传递特性和通道电阻对漏极电压的依赖性
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131160
Hemanth Varun Betha, M. Odavic, K. Atallah
Silicon Carbide devices enable high power density power electronic converters due to their lower junction capacitances and higher thermal conductivity. Analytical models of these devices help in estimating the switching dynamics, losses and current/voltage stresses on the devices. The dynamics of SiC MOSFET current during turn ON is impacted by the drain voltage it is switched at, due to the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effect. This is however ignored in the existing analytical models available in the literature. This paper thus proposes and develops a new analytical modelling approach that models this effect by relying only on the datasheet parameters, thereby avoiding the need for expensive and time-consuming experimental methods. Dynamic channel resistance is also modelled as a function of drain voltage. The analysis reveals the impact of drain voltage on damping time of high frequency drain current oscillations during turn ON. An experimental double pulse test (DPT) setup using 1.2kV SiC MOSFET (C3MOOI0602K) and Schottky diode (C4D40120D) is built to verify the findings. Further, the accuracy of the proposed model is compared against the most detailed existing model in the literature.
碳化硅器件由于其较低的结电容和较高的导热性,使高功率密度的电力电子变换器成为可能。这些器件的分析模型有助于估计器件上的开关动力学、损耗和电流/电压应力。由于漏极诱导势垒降低(DIBL)效应,SiC MOSFET在导通过程中的电流动态受到开关处漏极电压的影响。然而,在文献中现有的分析模型中忽略了这一点。因此,本文提出并开发了一种新的分析建模方法,该方法仅依靠数据表参数来模拟这种效应,从而避免了昂贵且耗时的实验方法。动态通道电阻也被建模为漏极电压的函数。分析了漏极电压对高频漏极电流在导通过程中振荡衰减时间的影响。利用1.2kV SiC MOSFET (C3MOOI0602K)和肖特基二极管(C4D40120D)建立了实验双脉冲测试(DPT)装置来验证研究结果。此外,将所提出模型的准确性与文献中最详细的现有模型进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
An Ultra-High Efficiency High Power Density 140W PD3.1 AC-DC Adapter Using GaN Power ICs
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131326
Xiucheng Huang, Yingchuan Lei, Yun Zhou, W. Du, Jason Zhang
With ever increasing demands of smaller size, lighter weight for all forms of consumer electronics, efficient power conversion has always been pursued rigorously. This paper demonstrates an ultra-high efficiency and high power density design of power factor correction (PFC) and asymmetrical half-bridge (AHB) Flyback converter for adapter application. The design procedures, including the optimization of PFC output voltage, AHB flyback transformer, and synchronous rectifier power supply circuit, are presented in detail. A 140W PD3.1 prototype is developed to verify the feasibility of the system design. The prototype achieves 94.5% efficiency at 90Vac and 95.8% at 230Vac which is 1∼2% higher than the state of art product. The power density (exclude case) is more than 35W/in3.
随着各种形式的消费电子产品对更小尺寸、更轻重量的需求不断增加,高效的电源转换一直是人们严格追求的目标。介绍了一种用于适配器应用的功率因数校正(PFC)和非对称半桥(AHB)反激变换器的超高效率和高功率密度设计。详细介绍了PFC输出电压、AHB反激变压器和同步整流电源电路的优化设计过程。开发了140W的PD3.1样机,验证了系统设计的可行性。该样机在90Vac时效率为94.5%,在230Vac时效率为95.8%,比目前最先进的产品高出1 ~ 2%。功率密度(不含情况)大于35W/in3。
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引用次数: 0
A High-Density 200-kW All Silicon Carbide Three-Phase Inverter for Traction Applications 用于牵引应用的高密度200kw全碳化硅三相逆变器
Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43580.2023.10131309
Ahmad Al-Hmoud, Ahmed H. Ismail, Yue Zhao
This work presents the design and development of a high density 200-kW three-phase inverter for traction applications with elevated DC bus voltage, e.g., up to 1.2 kV. A state-of-the-art six-pack 1.7-kV silicon carbide (SiC) power module is used in this design. To achieve a compact system integration and ultra-low power loop inductance, the custom laminated bussing structure is optimized with the detailed design along the method of estimating the parasitic inductance presented in this work. The designs of other key components, such as a compact six-channel gate driver board, are also presented. The inverter prototype was tested at different switching frequencies and dead times to investigate their effect on the performance. The inverter achieved a peak efficiency of 99.3% at 10kHz, and a 43kW/L power density.
这项工作提出了一种高密度200千瓦三相逆变器的设计和开发,用于直流母线电压升高的牵引应用,例如高达1.2 kV。在本设计中使用了最先进的六包1.7 kv碳化硅(SiC)电源模块。为了实现紧凑的系统集成和超低功耗环路电感,根据本文提出的估计寄生电感的方法,对定制层压总线结构进行了详细的优化设计。本文还介绍了其他关键元件的设计,如紧凑的六通道栅极驱动板。在不同的开关频率和死区时间下对逆变器原型进行了测试,研究了它们对逆变器性能的影响。该逆变器在10kHz时的峰值效率为99.3%,功率密度为43kW/L。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
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