Bizhen Luo, Dong Li, Ke Hu, Min Chen, Xiaoqin Sun, Ruisen Lu, Shujing Wei
Dioscorea futschauensis Uline ex R. Knuth, a perennial climbing herb belonging to the Stenophora section of the genus Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreaceae), originates from Southeast China and is highly regarded for its medicinal properties. Despite its medicinal significance, the absence of genomic information has impeded the effective utilization and conservation of this species. Here, we conducted genome survey sequencing of D. futschauensis to unveil its genomic characteristics and identify species-specific genomic markers, including whole plastome sequence, plastome-divergent hotspots, single-copy nuclear genes and polymorphic nuclear SSRs. The genome of D. futschauensis was approximated to be 1392.76 Mb in length, accompanied by a substantial heterozygosity rate of 1.75% and a repeat content of 67.43%. Comparative plastome analysis illuminated the conserved genome structure and gene content within D. futschauensis, and revealed four highly divergent hotspots (atpF intron, psbA-matK, matK -rps16, and rrn16-trnI) that could serve as molecular markers for D. futschauensis and its closely related species. Furthermore, more than 200 single-copy nuclear genes and 78 polymorphic nuclear SSRs were identified within D. futschauensis. Overall, the comprehensive genomic information and abundant genetic resources provided herein will not only facilitate extended research in the realms of population genetics, phylogenetics and conservation biology of D. futschauensis, but also hold considerable value for its cultivation and molecular breeding applications.
山药(Dioscorea futschauensis Uline ex R. Knuth)是山药科山药属(Dioscorea L.)的一种多年生攀援草本植物，原产于中国东南部，因其独特的药用价值而备受重视。尽管其具有重要的药用价值，但基因组信息的缺乏阻碍了该物种的有效利用和保护。本研究通过对福山雪豹进行基因组调查测序，揭示福山雪豹基因组特征，鉴定种特异性基因组标记，包括全质体序列、质体分化热点、单拷贝核基因和多态核ssr。futschauensis基因组长度约为1392.76 Mb，杂合率为1.75%，重复数为67.43%。对比质组分析揭示了该物种保守的基因组结构和基因含量，揭示了4个高度分化的热点(atpF内含子、psbA-matK、matK -rps16和rrn16-trnI)，可作为该物种及其近缘种的分子标记。此外，还鉴定出200多个单拷贝核基因和78个多态核ssr。综上所述，本文所提供的全面的基因组信息和丰富的遗传资源，不仅有利于在狐猴种群遗传学、系统遗传学和保护生物学等领域的深入研究，而且对狐猴的培育和分子育种应用具有重要价值。
{"title":"Genome Survey Sequencing of the Medical Plant Dioscorea futschauensis: Genomic Characteristics Estimation and Genomic Resources Development","authors":"Bizhen Luo, Dong Li, Ke Hu, Min Chen, Xiaoqin Sun, Ruisen Lu, Shujing Wei","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2351","url":null,"abstract":"Dioscorea futschauensis Uline ex R. Knuth, a perennial climbing herb belonging to the Stenophora section of the genus Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreaceae), originates from Southeast China and is highly regarded for its medicinal properties. Despite its medicinal significance,\u0000 the absence of genomic information has impeded the effective utilization and conservation of this species. Here, we conducted genome survey sequencing of D. futschauensis to unveil its genomic characteristics and identify species-specific genomic markers, including whole plastome sequence,\u0000 plastome-divergent hotspots, single-copy nuclear genes and polymorphic nuclear SSRs. The genome of D. futschauensis was approximated to be 1392.76 Mb in length, accompanied by a substantial heterozygosity rate of 1.75% and a repeat content of 67.43%. Comparative plastome analysis illuminated\u0000 the conserved genome structure and gene content within D. futschauensis, and revealed four highly divergent hotspots (atpF intron, psbA-matK, matK -rps16, and rrn16-trnI) that could serve as molecular markers for D. futschauensis and its closely related species.\u0000 Furthermore, more than 200 single-copy nuclear genes and 78 polymorphic nuclear SSRs were identified within D. futschauensis. Overall, the comprehensive genomic information and abundant genetic resources provided herein will not only facilitate extended research in the realms of population\u0000 genetics, phylogenetics and conservation biology of D. futschauensis, but also hold considerable value for its cultivation and molecular breeding applications.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138612555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In response to the problem of iron limitation in nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, this study explores the potential for symbiotic and mutually beneficial community survival of Polychaeta and Trichoderma. The presence of the two elements and their effects on the survival of the cyanobacteria were first analysed in the context of nitrogen and iron use and cycling in the ocean. The physiological characteristics of the two algae were also analysed in relation to environmental factors such as light, ph and temperature in the marine water column. 730The results of the incubation experiments showed that the filtrate of Trichoderma reesei had a significant effect on the growth of Polycoccus, with the OD730 rising to 0.0372 within 72 hours of the addition of Trichoderma reesei. The addition of the wild-type iron carrier secretion of G. globulus also promoted the growth rate and nitrogen fixation efficiency of the algae. The symbiotic relationship between the nitrogen and iron utilisation of the algae was shown to contribute to the growth and nitrogen fixation activities of both species.
{"title":"Physiological Characteristics and Nitrogen and Iron Utilization of Marine Polycultures and Bundles of Hair Algae","authors":"Junxiao Wang","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2320","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the problem of iron limitation in nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, this study explores the potential for symbiotic and mutually beneficial community survival of Polychaeta and Trichoderma. The presence of the two elements and their effects on the survival of the cyanobacteria\u0000 were first analysed in the context of nitrogen and iron use and cycling in the ocean. The physiological characteristics of the two algae were also analysed in relation to environmental factors such as light, ph and temperature in the marine water column. 730The results of the incubation\u0000 experiments showed that the filtrate of Trichoderma reesei had a significant effect on the growth of Polycoccus, with the OD730 rising to 0.0372 within 72 hours of the addition of Trichoderma reesei. The addition of the wild-type iron carrier secretion of G. globulus also promoted\u0000 the growth rate and nitrogen fixation efficiency of the algae. The symbiotic relationship between the nitrogen and iron utilisation of the algae was shown to contribute to the growth and nitrogen fixation activities of both species.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ischemic stroke, a prevalent cerebral circulation disorder, often leads to profound physical and cognitive impairments, necessitating effective rehabilitation strategies. This study encompassed 110 diagnosed ischemic stroke patients treated at our neurology department from August 2019 to December 2021. Patients were randomly allocated into control and observation groups. The former received standard treatment and nursing care, while the latter underwent a combined regimen of salvianolic acids and systematic rehabilitation. Cell culture experiments exhibited heightened cell viability and reduced LDH secretion in the salvianolic acid-treated oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury model. Immunoblotting revealed elevated TGF-β1 protein expression in salvianolic acid-treated cells compared to controls. The observation group demonstrated lower NIHSS scores and improved emotional state relative to the conventional group. Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly enhanced Barthel Index, cognitive function, and self-efficacy scores (P <0.05). These findings suggest a positive impact of the intervention on these parameters. In ischemic stroke patients, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a natural herbal remedy rich in salvianolic acids, exerts therapeutic effects through multiple pathways. The amalgamation of Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenolic acid injection and systematic rehabilitation presents a favorable prospect for enhancing neurological recuperation, self-care capacity, self-efficacy, and patient convalescence. Therefore, Danggui injections hold potential as a clinical intervention for ischemic stroke management.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Polyphenolic Acid Derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza on Injection Combined with Systematic Rehabilitation Nursing for Patients with Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Mei Shao, Weiwei Hu, Chen Wang, Qianqian Pan","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2327","url":null,"abstract":"Ischemic stroke, a prevalent cerebral circulation disorder, often leads to profound physical and cognitive impairments, necessitating effective rehabilitation strategies. This study encompassed 110 diagnosed ischemic stroke patients treated at our neurology department from August 2019\u0000 to December 2021. Patients were randomly allocated into control and observation groups. The former received standard treatment and nursing care, while the latter underwent a combined regimen of salvianolic acids and systematic rehabilitation. Cell culture experiments exhibited heightened cell\u0000 viability and reduced LDH secretion in the salvianolic acid-treated oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury model. Immunoblotting revealed elevated TGF-β1 protein expression in salvianolic acid-treated cells compared to controls. The observation group demonstrated\u0000 lower NIHSS scores and improved emotional state relative to the conventional group. Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly enhanced Barthel Index, cognitive function, and self-efficacy scores (P <0.05). These findings suggest a positive impact of the intervention\u0000 on these parameters. In ischemic stroke patients, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a natural herbal remedy rich in salvianolic acids, exerts therapeutic effects through multiple pathways. The amalgamation of Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenolic acid injection and systematic rehabilitation\u0000 presents a favorable prospect for enhancing neurological recuperation, self-care capacity, self-efficacy, and patient convalescence. Therefore, Danggui injections hold potential as a clinical intervention for ischemic stroke management.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Studies have revealed that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regulates gut microbiota, which have a important stone in human health and disease development. Cortex meliae is a medicinal herb that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor effects, but its influence on intestinal flora has not been reported yet. Here, the effects of different doses of Cortex meliae on the distribution of microflora in different intestinal segments were studied in order to provide information for disease prevention and control based on intestinal flora. Methods: Samples of the duodenum, ileum, colon and jejunum (including gut contents) were taken from rats administered different doses of Cortex meliae decoction by gavage at time points of 7, 14 and 21 days. Bacterial numbers in each intestinal segment were observed using qRT-PCR. Results: (1) For Enterococcus, of which the growth was promoted in the ileum (lle) and was inhibited in the duodenum (Duo) and colon (Col) by Cortex meliae, while the growth of Enterococcus was first inhibited and then promoted in the jejunum (Jej). (2) The growth of Colibacillus was inhibited by Cortex meliae in the Duo, Jej, Ile and Col. (3) Cortex meliae had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacteroides in the Due, and has a stimulating effect on the growth of Bacteroides in the Jej, Ile and Col. However, with the prolongation of the administration time, the above promoting or inhibiting effects were sometimes lost or the opposite effect appeared for some intestinal segments or bacteria, and there was a certain dose effect. Conclusion: The effects of Cortex meliae on three dominant intestinal bacteria (Enterococcus, Colibacillus, and Bacteroides) were different in different intestinal segments and had obvious quantitative and temporal regularity.
{"title":"Effects of Cortex meliae on the Intestinal Flora in Rats","authors":"Qi Zhang, Xueqing Duan, Rui Chen, Zhixuan Duan, Chen Zhu, Qi Yu, Weiyi Tian","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2323","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Studies have revealed that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regulates gut microbiota, which have a important stone in human health and disease development. Cortex meliae is a medicinal herb that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor effects, but\u0000 its influence on intestinal flora has not been reported yet. Here, the effects of different doses of Cortex meliae on the distribution of microflora in different intestinal segments were studied in order to provide information for disease prevention and control based on intestinal flora.\u0000 Methods: Samples of the duodenum, ileum, colon and jejunum (including gut contents) were taken from rats administered different doses of Cortex meliae decoction by gavage at time points of 7, 14 and 21 days. Bacterial numbers in each intestinal segment were observed using qRT-PCR.\u0000 Results: (1) For Enterococcus, of which the growth was promoted in the ileum (lle) and was inhibited in the duodenum (Duo) and colon (Col) by Cortex meliae, while the growth of Enterococcus was first inhibited and then promoted in the jejunum (Jej). (2) The growth\u0000 of Colibacillus was inhibited by Cortex meliae in the Duo, Jej, Ile and Col. (3) Cortex meliae had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacteroides in the Due, and has a stimulating effect on the growth of Bacteroides in the Jej, Ile and Col. However, with the\u0000 prolongation of the administration time, the above promoting or inhibiting effects were sometimes lost or the opposite effect appeared for some intestinal segments or bacteria, and there was a certain dose effect. Conclusion: The effects of Cortex meliae on three dominant intestinal\u0000 bacteria (Enterococcus, Colibacillus, and Bacteroides) were different in different intestinal segments and had obvious quantitative and temporal regularity.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Sun, Yuanna Li, Ruisi Wang, Lu Zhang, Yanling Li, Peng Liu, Tingzhou Lei
Fast pyrolysis experiments were conducted on xylan (XY) using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to explore influences of the reaction temperature, duration, and catalysts on product distributions from XY pyrolysis. The results show that temperature and duration can notably influence the classes and yields of compounds generated by the pyrolysis of hemicellulose. Pyrolysis at 500–600 °C for a duration of 5–20 s is conducive to improving the yields of condensable volatiles from hemicellulose pyrolysis. In all catalytic experiments, when taking HZSM-5 as the catalyst, alcohols (37.31%), carbohydrates (27.61%), and hydrocarbons (3.71%) have the highest contents while aldehydes (9.76%), ketones (2.20%), esters (0%), furans (0%), and N-compounds (4.09%) possess the lowest contents. MCM-41 promotes production of aldehydes (59.94%), acids (5.11%), ketones (6.92%), phenols (0.30%), ethers (0.61%), and N-compounds (18.70%) while inhibiting generation of alcohols (1.21%) and carbohydrates (3.79%). ZrO2 is conducive to increasing the content of furans (2.23%) while decreasing the content of acids (0.64%).
{"title":"Influences of Reaction Temperature, Duration, and Catalysts on Hemicellulose Pyrolysis Products","authors":"T. Sun, Yuanna Li, Ruisi Wang, Lu Zhang, Yanling Li, Peng Liu, Tingzhou Lei","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2330","url":null,"abstract":"Fast pyrolysis experiments were conducted on xylan (XY) using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to explore influences of the reaction temperature, duration, and catalysts on product distributions from XY pyrolysis. The results show that temperature and duration\u0000 can notably influence the classes and yields of compounds generated by the pyrolysis of hemicellulose. Pyrolysis at 500–600 °C for a duration of 5–20 s is conducive to improving the yields of condensable volatiles from hemicellulose pyrolysis. In all catalytic experiments,\u0000 when taking HZSM-5 as the catalyst, alcohols (37.31%), carbohydrates (27.61%), and hydrocarbons (3.71%) have the highest contents while aldehydes (9.76%), ketones (2.20%), esters (0%), furans (0%), and N-compounds (4.09%) possess the lowest contents. MCM-41 promotes production of aldehydes\u0000 (59.94%), acids (5.11%), ketones (6.92%), phenols (0.30%), ethers (0.61%), and N-compounds (18.70%) while inhibiting generation of alcohols (1.21%) and carbohydrates (3.79%). ZrO2 is conducive to increasing the content of furans (2.23%) while decreasing the content of acids (0.64%).","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138615899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-density culture is able to obtain high concentration and activity of microbes, which is a key technology for fermentation industry. This will greatly shorten fermentation cycle and reduce production cost. Bacillus sp. TTMP20 is a strain with a high yield of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP). In this study, the growth medium of Bacillus sp. TTMP20 was optimized. Different carbon/nitrogen sources were investigated, and the best carbon source (glucose) and nitrogen source (yeast extract) was determined. With the concentrations of glucose, yeast extract and pH as influence factors, response surface method was used to optimize the above-mentioned influence factors to maximize cell density of the strain. The optimal growth medium is as follows: 4 g/L of yeast extract, 15.754 g/L of glucose, 2 g/L of K2HPO4, 10 g/L of NaCl, and 6.50 of pH. The predicted and actual maxima are 1.388 and 1.3, respectively. This is 61.4% higher than the cell density of the basic medium. This will provide the adequate seed culture for the subsequent fermentation of TTMP, and improve the application level of Bacillus sp. TTMP20.
{"title":"Optimization of Growth Medium of Bacillus sp. TTMP20 by Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Shanling Gan, Lirong Luo, Xiaoxiao Ding, Yujia Li, Donglin Yang, Changhua Shang","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2328","url":null,"abstract":"High-density culture is able to obtain high concentration and activity of microbes, which is a key technology for fermentation industry. This will greatly shorten fermentation cycle and reduce production cost. Bacillus sp. TTMP20 is a strain with a high yield of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine\u0000 (TTMP). In this study, the growth medium of Bacillus sp. TTMP20 was optimized. Different carbon/nitrogen sources were investigated, and the best carbon source (glucose) and nitrogen source (yeast extract) was determined. With the concentrations of glucose, yeast extract and pH as influence\u0000 factors, response surface method was used to optimize the above-mentioned influence factors to maximize cell density of the strain. The optimal growth medium is as follows: 4 g/L of yeast extract, 15.754 g/L of glucose, 2 g/L of K2HPO4, 10 g/L of NaCl, and 6.50 of pH.\u0000 The predicted and actual maxima are 1.388 and 1.3, respectively. This is 61.4% higher than the cell density of the basic medium. This will provide the adequate seed culture for the subsequent fermentation of TTMP, and improve the application level of Bacillus sp. TTMP20.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fei Wang, Zhi Wang, Tao Xing, Yuan Huang, Ying Guo, Zhili Xie, Yongming Sun, Xiaoying Kong, Zhang Yi
In this study, the lignocellulosic (banana peel, tea residue, and paper towel in a ratio of 1:1:1) and protein (chicken breast) components of kitchen waste (KW) were used as substrates for mesophilic anaerobic fermentation to produce volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The ability of a new strain belonging to Bacillus sp. to improve the degradation of kitchen waste and VFAs production was investigated. The results showed that the addition of Bacillus cell wall depolymerization GIEC (Bacillus GIEC) to the fermentation system could result in higher concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), improved the removal rates of volatile solids (VS), and increased yield of VFAs from the substrates. Compared with the control group, the sCOD concentrations of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 132.58% and 18.36%, respectively; the volatile solids removal rates of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 84.96% and 135.53%, respectively; the yield of VFAs of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 61.29% and 35.92%, respectively, reaching 0.31 g/g VSadded and 0.67 g/g VSadded, separately. According to the study, the addition of Bacillus GIEC enhanced the solubilization of solid organic matter during hydrolysis process, further resulting in a higher yield of VFAs compared to the control group. Furthermore, the micro-aerobic test showed that the bioaugmentation ability of Bacillus GIEC has little effect by the presence of oxygen. The Bacillus GIEC has the potential for bioaugmentation of the VFAs production from kitchen waste.
{"title":"Acidogenic Fermentation of Kitchen Waste for the Production of Volatile Fatty Acids: Bioaugmentation by Bacillus GIEC","authors":"Fei Wang, Zhi Wang, Tao Xing, Yuan Huang, Ying Guo, Zhili Xie, Yongming Sun, Xiaoying Kong, Zhang Yi","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2329","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the lignocellulosic (banana peel, tea residue, and paper towel in a ratio of 1:1:1) and protein (chicken breast) components of kitchen waste (KW) were used as substrates for mesophilic anaerobic fermentation to produce volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The ability of a new\u0000 strain belonging to Bacillus sp. to improve the degradation of kitchen waste and VFAs production was investigated. The results showed that the addition of Bacillus cell wall depolymerization GIEC (Bacillus GIEC) to the fermentation system could result in higher concentrations\u0000 of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), improved the removal rates of volatile solids (VS), and increased yield of VFAs from the substrates. Compared with the control group, the sCOD concentrations of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 132.58% and 18.36%, respectively; the\u0000 volatile solids removal rates of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 84.96% and 135.53%, respectively; the yield of VFAs of lignocellulosic and protein substrates increased by 61.29% and 35.92%, respectively, reaching 0.31 g/g VSadded and 0.67 g/g VSadded,\u0000 separately. According to the study, the addition of Bacillus GIEC enhanced the solubilization of solid organic matter during hydrolysis process, further resulting in a higher yield of VFAs compared to the control group. Furthermore, the micro-aerobic test showed that the bioaugmentation\u0000 ability of Bacillus GIEC has little effect by the presence of oxygen. The Bacillus GIEC has the potential for bioaugmentation of the VFAs production from kitchen waste.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinlan Guan, Ming-Fu Gong, Zhongqin Ma, Chenxin Lu
Entoloma clypeatum (L.) P. Kumm., also known as Rhodophyllus clypeatus (L. fr.) Quel, is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that grows with Prunus mume . In this study, a strain of E. clypeatum was identified and characterized using morphological and molecular methods. Furthermore, the biological characteristics of the strain were observed, and a semi artificial cultivation experiment was conducted. The results showed that, the strain MBQM10168 was identified to be Entoloma clypeatum . The indices including the morphology, growth, and mycelial density of E. clypeatum exhibited significant differences under different conditions such as culture media, pH, growth temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources, and air permeability. However, it’s growth was not sensitive to light. The optimal growth conditions for E. clypeatum mycelium were cultured with branches of P. mume and cottonseed hulls culture media, with a pH range of 4–8, temperature range of 18–28 °C, along-side specific sources of carbon and nitrogen. These include cellobiose, sucrose, and sodium acetate as carbon sources, and lysine, diammonium citrate, methionine, and ammonium sulfate as nitrogen sources. In addition, with cotton plug for sealing method. Overall, this study demonstrated the feasibility of semi-artificial cultivation of E. clypeatum under suitable conditions, which is expected to promote the comprehensive utilization of the P. mume plant area and improve the economic values.
{"title":"Identification, Biological Characteristics and Semi Artificial Cultivation Experiment of <i>Entoloma clypeatum</i>","authors":"Qinlan Guan, Ming-Fu Gong, Zhongqin Ma, Chenxin Lu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2307","url":null,"abstract":"Entoloma clypeatum (L.) P. Kumm., also known as Rhodophyllus clypeatus (L. fr.) Quel, is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that grows with Prunus mume . In this study, a strain of E. clypeatum was identified and characterized using morphological and molecular methods. Furthermore, the biological characteristics of the strain were observed, and a semi artificial cultivation experiment was conducted. The results showed that, the strain MBQM10168 was identified to be Entoloma clypeatum . The indices including the morphology, growth, and mycelial density of E. clypeatum exhibited significant differences under different conditions such as culture media, pH, growth temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources, and air permeability. However, it’s growth was not sensitive to light. The optimal growth conditions for E. clypeatum mycelium were cultured with branches of P. mume and cottonseed hulls culture media, with a pH range of 4–8, temperature range of 18–28 °C, along-side specific sources of carbon and nitrogen. These include cellobiose, sucrose, and sodium acetate as carbon sources, and lysine, diammonium citrate, methionine, and ammonium sulfate as nitrogen sources. In addition, with cotton plug for sealing method. Overall, this study demonstrated the feasibility of semi-artificial cultivation of E. clypeatum under suitable conditions, which is expected to promote the comprehensive utilization of the P. mume plant area and improve the economic values.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bei Liu, Bo-Ru Zhou, Yi-Zhen Yuan, Shuang Zhang, Wei-Ye Zhou, Ming-Hui Hu, Jing Jin, Hui-Fang Zhou, Ji De
Luteal phase deficiency (LPD) is a significant contributor to infertility and miscarriage. Bushen Zhuyun Prescription (BSZY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has potential to treat LPD. To investigate the effect of BSZY in treating LPD, SD rats with complete estrous cycles were divided into blank, model, dydrogesterone (DYD), high-dose BSZY (BSZY-HD), and low-dose BSZY (BSZY-LD) groups. All the groups were received mifepristone gavage except for the blank group. The pathological changes were observed in the hypothalamus, and the analysis of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in serum. Additionally, the mRNA and their protein expression levels of estrogen receptor α (ER α ), ER β , G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1), and GPR54 were assessed; and the key molecules expression in cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway were analyzed. The results revealed that mifepristone treatment caused a decrease in FSH and cAMP levels and an increase in E2 and LH levels, which were normalised in the BSZY treatment groups. The expression of ER α and ER β mRNA and protein in the hypothalamus was higher in the BSZY groups compared to the blank group. BSZY also resulted in increased expression of Kiss-1 , GPR54, and PKA, as well as decreased expression of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), c-Fos, phospho-CREB (p-CREB), and p-c-Fos, compared to model group. No significant difference observed in GPR30 expression between the mifepristone and BSZY groups. The mRNA and protein of Kiss1 and GPR54 were decreased in model group and increased after BSZY treatment, while the mRNA and protein expression of PKA, CREB, c-Fos, p-CREB, and p-c-Fos were also decreased significantly. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that BSZY could effectively regulate hypothalamic ER, interfere with the Kiss1 /GPR54 signal transduction system, activate the cAMP/PKA pathway, and regulate key transduction molecules expression of PKA, CREB, c-Fos, there by effecting the level of reproductive hormones and has the potential to treat LPD-related infertility.
{"title":"The Mechanism of Bushen Zhuyun Prescription in Regulating Luteal Phase Deficiency via Intervention of the <i>Kiss1</i>/GPR54 System in the Hypothalamus","authors":"Bei Liu, Bo-Ru Zhou, Yi-Zhen Yuan, Shuang Zhang, Wei-Ye Zhou, Ming-Hui Hu, Jing Jin, Hui-Fang Zhou, Ji De","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2312","url":null,"abstract":"Luteal phase deficiency (LPD) is a significant contributor to infertility and miscarriage. Bushen Zhuyun Prescription (BSZY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has potential to treat LPD. To investigate the effect of BSZY in treating LPD, SD rats with complete estrous cycles were divided into blank, model, dydrogesterone (DYD), high-dose BSZY (BSZY-HD), and low-dose BSZY (BSZY-LD) groups. All the groups were received mifepristone gavage except for the blank group. The pathological changes were observed in the hypothalamus, and the analysis of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in serum. Additionally, the mRNA and their protein expression levels of estrogen receptor α (ER α ), ER β , G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1), and GPR54 were assessed; and the key molecules expression in cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway were analyzed. The results revealed that mifepristone treatment caused a decrease in FSH and cAMP levels and an increase in E2 and LH levels, which were normalised in the BSZY treatment groups. The expression of ER α and ER β mRNA and protein in the hypothalamus was higher in the BSZY groups compared to the blank group. BSZY also resulted in increased expression of Kiss-1 , GPR54, and PKA, as well as decreased expression of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), c-Fos, phospho-CREB (p-CREB), and p-c-Fos, compared to model group. No significant difference observed in GPR30 expression between the mifepristone and BSZY groups. The mRNA and protein of Kiss1 and GPR54 were decreased in model group and increased after BSZY treatment, while the mRNA and protein expression of PKA, CREB, c-Fos, p-CREB, and p-c-Fos were also decreased significantly. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that BSZY could effectively regulate hypothalamic ER, interfere with the Kiss1 /GPR54 signal transduction system, activate the cAMP/PKA pathway, and regulate key transduction molecules expression of PKA, CREB, c-Fos, there by effecting the level of reproductive hormones and has the potential to treat LPD-related infertility.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natural herbal materials are commonly derived from plants, minerals, and animals, and compared to synthetic drugs, are closer to natural resources. Here, we analyzed the impact of using evidence-based supervision in combination with natural herbal materials for acupoint application on renal function and lifestyle treatment in hemodialysis patients, with the aim to provide evidence for clinical practice. We selected 80 patients who underwent hemodialysis treatment in our hospital between September 2021 and December 2022 as the research subjects. All of the research subjects were randomly divided into observation and control groups, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received conventional nursing interventions, while the observation group received interventions using acupuncture point application of natural Traditional Chinese medicine herbal materials combined with evidence-based supervision. The main endpoints were to compare the nursing intervention effects between the two groups, including patients’ renal function indicators and quality of life. The natural Chinese medicinal herb Atractylodes macrocephala contains eucalyptol-type sesquiterpene lactones, which exhibit various activities, especially in anti-inflammatory aspects, with a definite effect on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis in hemodialysis patients. Clinical studies have shown that the levels of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the GQOLI-74 scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (all P >0.05). Natural Chinese medicines are natural biobased materials that are often described as compound drugs in practical clinical applications, containing multiple components that can work synergistically to produce comprehensive therapeutic effects. Among them, Atractylodes macrocephala has a definite effect on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis in hemodialysis patients. The use of natural Chinese medicinal materials in acupoint application combined with evidence-based supervisory methods has shown precise clinical effects in hemodialysis patients, not only by improving renal function but also significantly enhancing their quality of life.
{"title":"Impact of Using Natural Herbal Materials for Acupoint Application Combined with an Evidence-Based Supervision Method on Improving Renal Function and Lifestyle Treatment in Hemodialysis Patients","authors":"Yan Li","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2302","url":null,"abstract":"Natural herbal materials are commonly derived from plants, minerals, and animals, and compared to synthetic drugs, are closer to natural resources. Here, we analyzed the impact of using evidence-based supervision in combination with natural herbal materials for acupoint application on renal function and lifestyle treatment in hemodialysis patients, with the aim to provide evidence for clinical practice. We selected 80 patients who underwent hemodialysis treatment in our hospital between September 2021 and December 2022 as the research subjects. All of the research subjects were randomly divided into observation and control groups, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received conventional nursing interventions, while the observation group received interventions using acupuncture point application of natural Traditional Chinese medicine herbal materials combined with evidence-based supervision. The main endpoints were to compare the nursing intervention effects between the two groups, including patients’ renal function indicators and quality of life. The natural Chinese medicinal herb Atractylodes macrocephala contains eucalyptol-type sesquiterpene lactones, which exhibit various activities, especially in anti-inflammatory aspects, with a definite effect on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis in hemodialysis patients. Clinical studies have shown that the levels of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the GQOLI-74 scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (all P >0.05). Natural Chinese medicines are natural biobased materials that are often described as compound drugs in practical clinical applications, containing multiple components that can work synergistically to produce comprehensive therapeutic effects. Among them, Atractylodes macrocephala has a definite effect on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis in hemodialysis patients. The use of natural Chinese medicinal materials in acupoint application combined with evidence-based supervisory methods has shown precise clinical effects in hemodialysis patients, not only by improving renal function but also significantly enhancing their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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