In this study, we examined the effect of the hierarchical chain nursing model combined with Feilike mixture treatment on the disappearance of fever and cough in children with pneumonia. Eighty children with pneumonia who were admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The children were divided into the observation group ( n = 40) and the experimental group ( n = 40) based on the treatment interventions that they received. The observation group underwent routine treatment plus hierarchical chain nursing intervention, while the experimental group were treated with the Feilike mixture in addition to the interventions provided to the observation group. The clinical efficacy and symptom disappearance time were compared between the two groups. Subsequently, an in vitro cell experiment was conducted using lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 inflammatory cells to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the Feilike mixture. Immunoblotting was performed to measure tumor necrosis factor- α , interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1 β expression, further validating the mechanism of action of the Feilike mixture in treating children with pneumonia. The total effective rate in the observation group was 77.5% compared with 97.5% in the experimental group ( P <0.05). The disappearance time of fever, cough, and pulmonary rales in the experimental group was significantly shorter than in the observation group ( P <0.05). In the in vitro experiment, compared with the control group, the inflammatory factor concentrations in the model group were significantly increased ( P <0.05). The Feilike mixture at various doses exhibited significant inhibitory effects on inflammatory factor expression. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of relevant proteins was elevated in the model group compared with the control group ( P <0.05). After treatment with the Feilike mixture, protein expression was significantly reduced compared with the model group ( P <0.05). The application of the hierarchical chain nursing model combined with the Feilike mixture in children with pneumonia showed promising results. This combined intervention effectively improved the therapeutic efficacy and promoted the rapid disappearance of symptoms, such as fever, cough, and pulmonary rales. Furthermore, the in vitro results demonstrated that the Feilike mixture significantly reduced inflammatory factor concentrations, while inhibiting the expression of related proteins.
{"title":"The Effect of the Hierarchical Chain Nursing Model Combined with Feilike Mixture Treatment on the Disappearance of Fever and Cough in Pediatric Pneumonia","authors":"Meiling Wang, Jingxian Wu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2325","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the effect of the hierarchical chain nursing model combined with Feilike mixture treatment on the disappearance of fever and cough in children with pneumonia. Eighty children with pneumonia who were admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The children were divided into the observation group ( n = 40) and the experimental group ( n = 40) based on the treatment interventions that they received. The observation group underwent routine treatment plus hierarchical chain nursing intervention, while the experimental group were treated with the Feilike mixture in addition to the interventions provided to the observation group. The clinical efficacy and symptom disappearance time were compared between the two groups. Subsequently, an in vitro cell experiment was conducted using lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 inflammatory cells to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the Feilike mixture. Immunoblotting was performed to measure tumor necrosis factor- α , interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1 β expression, further validating the mechanism of action of the Feilike mixture in treating children with pneumonia. The total effective rate in the observation group was 77.5% compared with 97.5% in the experimental group ( P <0.05). The disappearance time of fever, cough, and pulmonary rales in the experimental group was significantly shorter than in the observation group ( P <0.05). In the in vitro experiment, compared with the control group, the inflammatory factor concentrations in the model group were significantly increased ( P <0.05). The Feilike mixture at various doses exhibited significant inhibitory effects on inflammatory factor expression. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of relevant proteins was elevated in the model group compared with the control group ( P <0.05). After treatment with the Feilike mixture, protein expression was significantly reduced compared with the model group ( P <0.05). The application of the hierarchical chain nursing model combined with the Feilike mixture in children with pneumonia showed promising results. This combined intervention effectively improved the therapeutic efficacy and promoted the rapid disappearance of symptoms, such as fever, cough, and pulmonary rales. Furthermore, the in vitro results demonstrated that the Feilike mixture significantly reduced inflammatory factor concentrations, while inhibiting the expression of related proteins.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bamboo is a diverse group of fast growing perennial tall tree-like perennial grass species, versatile and growing in many parts of India. Every year, the bamboo based industries produce 14.6%–33.5% of bamboo waste, which could be better utilized in the form of briquettes, with the bamboo-based briquettes providing alternative resources for coal and loose biomass requirements in the diverse industries e.g., agro-industries, tea and coffee industries, food processing industries, brick kilns, beverage industries, and pharmaceutical industries. The physic-thermo-chemical analysis was conducted in the briquette produced from six bamboo species namely Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa polymorpha, Bambusa cacharensis, Bambusa balcooa, Dendrocalamus longispathus , and Melocanna baccifera , by using a pilot hydraulic piston briquette machine. The current study concludes that the briquettes produced from a 4-year-old culm of Bambusa polymorpha gave better performance based on the briquettes properties of moisture content (4.75%), ash content (2.37%), volatile matter (71.59%), fixed carbon content (26.04%), gross calorific value (19.09 MJ kg−1), bulk density (367.7 kg cm−3), energy density (7.03 MJ m−3), compression strength (6.60 MPa), drop resistance test (0.31%), and swelling (3.54), respectively. The briquettes produced from locally available bamboo species in Tripura could potentially fulfill the demand for thermal energy and be an alternative to the usage of coal and loose biomass in the diverse industries, especially in the state of North-East India.
竹子是一种快速生长的多年生高大乔木状多年生草本植物，用途广泛，生长在印度的许多地方。每年，以竹为基础的工业产生14.6%-33.5%的竹废物，这些竹废物可以以压块的形式得到更好的利用，竹基压块为农业工业、茶和咖啡工业、食品加工业、砖窑、饮料工业和制药工业等不同行业提供煤炭和松散生物质需求的替代资源。采用中试液压活塞式成型机，对普通竹、多形竹、长叶竹、竹竹、长叶竹、大叶竹等6种竹子制成的型煤进行了物理-热化学分析。以4年生竹竹秆为原料制备的型煤的水分(4.75%)、灰分(2.37%)、挥发物(71.59%)、固定碳含量(26.04%)、总热值(19.09 MJ kg−1)、容重(367.7 kg cm−3)、能量密度(7.03 MJ m−3)、抗压强度(6.60 MPa)、抗摔性能(0.31%)和膨胀性能(3.54)为指标，得出了较好的实验结果。由特里普拉邦当地可用的竹子品种生产的压块可能会满足对热能的需求，并在各种工业中替代煤炭和松散生物质的使用，特别是在印度东北部。
{"title":"Production and Characterization of Sustainable Biomass Briquettes from Selected Bamboo Species","authors":"Settu Krishnamoorthi, Muthusamy Palani Divya, Iyapillai Sekar, George Jenner Varuvel, Ramasamy Ravi, Palanivel Hemalatha","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2298","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo is a diverse group of fast growing perennial tall tree-like perennial grass species, versatile and growing in many parts of India. Every year, the bamboo based industries produce 14.6%–33.5% of bamboo waste, which could be better utilized in the form of briquettes, with the bamboo-based briquettes providing alternative resources for coal and loose biomass requirements in the diverse industries e.g., agro-industries, tea and coffee industries, food processing industries, brick kilns, beverage industries, and pharmaceutical industries. The physic-thermo-chemical analysis was conducted in the briquette produced from six bamboo species namely Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa polymorpha, Bambusa cacharensis, Bambusa balcooa, Dendrocalamus longispathus , and Melocanna baccifera , by using a pilot hydraulic piston briquette machine. The current study concludes that the briquettes produced from a 4-year-old culm of Bambusa polymorpha gave better performance based on the briquettes properties of moisture content (4.75%), ash content (2.37%), volatile matter (71.59%), fixed carbon content (26.04%), gross calorific value (19.09 MJ kg−1), bulk density (367.7 kg cm−3), energy density (7.03 MJ m−3), compression strength (6.60 MPa), drop resistance test (0.31%), and swelling (3.54), respectively. The briquettes produced from locally available bamboo species in Tripura could potentially fulfill the demand for thermal energy and be an alternative to the usage of coal and loose biomass in the diverse industries, especially in the state of North-East India.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The soil, which makes up the top layer of the Earth’s surface, is crucial for the energy and nutrient flows required for the growth of plants and is, therefore, crucial for the environmental study of parks. Since plants and soil are interdependent, soil degradation affects plant quality. The soil’s capacity to store water and support germination directly correlates with plant growth, and soil degradation ultimately results in plant death. One of the most crucial elements in preventing soil degradation is maintaining ecological factors and identifying their impact on plant life through relationships. Therefore, it is essential to simultaneously evaluate and predict the overall condition of plants and soil in designated regions like parks and reserved areas. Hence a model is developed to predict park management practices like Soil Texture (ST) and its impacts on Plants Degradation (PD) using Multivariate Linear regression (MvLR-STPD) to maintain the park’s ecology. Initially, creating a predictive model that can precisely estimate soil texture and plant degradation in parks based on a collection of predictor variables is the main goal of the MvLR. Secondly, based on the data and the precise correlations between the predictor factors and the targeted variables, gradient descent optimization is used to adapt and modify its parameters. The model can extract the correct value, identify the basic variances, and determine the relationship between the impacted variables owing to the optimization method. The model’s performance is validated by prediction metrics like sensitivity analysis and coefficient of determination R2 with loss function, namely, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Prediction accuracy, correlation coefficient, and Mean Absolute Error (MAE).
{"title":"Multivariate Linear Regression Model for Predicting Soil Texture and Plant Degradation in Parks","authors":"Shuyao Zhuang","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2311","url":null,"abstract":"The soil, which makes up the top layer of the Earth’s surface, is crucial for the energy and nutrient flows required for the growth of plants and is, therefore, crucial for the environmental study of parks. Since plants and soil are interdependent, soil degradation affects plant quality. The soil’s capacity to store water and support germination directly correlates with plant growth, and soil degradation ultimately results in plant death. One of the most crucial elements in preventing soil degradation is maintaining ecological factors and identifying their impact on plant life through relationships. Therefore, it is essential to simultaneously evaluate and predict the overall condition of plants and soil in designated regions like parks and reserved areas. Hence a model is developed to predict park management practices like Soil Texture (ST) and its impacts on Plants Degradation (PD) using Multivariate Linear regression (MvLR-STPD) to maintain the park’s ecology. Initially, creating a predictive model that can precisely estimate soil texture and plant degradation in parks based on a collection of predictor variables is the main goal of the MvLR. Secondly, based on the data and the precise correlations between the predictor factors and the targeted variables, gradient descent optimization is used to adapt and modify its parameters. The model can extract the correct value, identify the basic variances, and determine the relationship between the impacted variables owing to the optimization method. The model’s performance is validated by prediction metrics like sensitivity analysis and coefficient of determination R2 with loss function, namely, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Prediction accuracy, correlation coefficient, and Mean Absolute Error (MAE).","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heading date (HD) is a critical traits of rice that significantly affects yield and quality. Although researchers identified major-effect genes that involving in HD, they often have dramatic effects on HD and other vital agronomic traits, making them not easy to be applied in molecular breeding practices. To address this constraint, we focused on identifying genes with minor effects on HD that allow fine-tuning flowering time without significant yield loss. Previously, a 150-recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population was constructed from the early-heading date variety V20B and the lateheading variety CPSLO17, and the line RIL-111 showed the intermediate phenotype of heading date between V20B and CPSLO17. In our work, we applied bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with whole genome re-sequencing (WGS) to map quantitative trait locus (QTL) for heading date. In the results, a minor effect QTL, designated as qDTHR , was identified within the 647.1 kb on chromosome 1 of the F 2 population, constructed from RIL-111 and V20B, associating with 14 non-synonymous mutant genes in the interval. The results provide a basis for molecular breeding to improve rice varieties, and lay a foundation for further cloning and functional analysis.
{"title":"Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping by Whole Genome Re-Sequencing and Analysis of Candidate Genes for Heading Date in Rice","authors":"Xue Jiang, Zujun Li, Chaoxin Wu, Xian Wu, Zhongni Wang, Wuhua Long, Susong Zhu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2313","url":null,"abstract":"Heading date (HD) is a critical traits of rice that significantly affects yield and quality. Although researchers identified major-effect genes that involving in HD, they often have dramatic effects on HD and other vital agronomic traits, making them not easy to be applied in molecular breeding practices. To address this constraint, we focused on identifying genes with minor effects on HD that allow fine-tuning flowering time without significant yield loss. Previously, a 150-recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population was constructed from the early-heading date variety V20B and the lateheading variety CPSLO17, and the line RIL-111 showed the intermediate phenotype of heading date between V20B and CPSLO17. In our work, we applied bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with whole genome re-sequencing (WGS) to map quantitative trait locus (QTL) for heading date. In the results, a minor effect QTL, designated as qDTHR , was identified within the 647.1 kb on chromosome 1 of the F 2 population, constructed from RIL-111 and V20B, associating with 14 non-synonymous mutant genes in the interval. The results provide a basis for molecular breeding to improve rice varieties, and lay a foundation for further cloning and functional analysis.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A fermented beverage called kombucha is made by fermenting green or black tea with sugar and adding the SCOBY symbiotic bacteria under aerobic conditions. Hibiscus and tamarind drinks are traditional drinks that are distinguished in their functional and sensory characteristics. Therefore, in this research, work has been done to transform hibiscus and tamarind drinks from traditional and functional drinks into fermented drinks with new functional and therapeutic properties as well as sensory distinctiveness in taste and color. Also, the study estimated the pH, total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as DPPH and sensory evaluation in the novel drinks and compared them with traditional kombucha tea. In addition, the study determined the proper fermentation time with incubated yeast (SCOBY). The measurements of day seven and fourteen fermentation were taken for Kombucha tea, Kombucha tea with hibiscus, and Kombucha tea with tamarind then compared with black tea. Caffeine in black tea was more than in Kombucha tea and others may be due to the black tea contained the highest total phenolic and flavonoids which were 164.53 and 12.91 μ g/mL, respectively. Moreover, the radical scavenging ability of the hibiscus and tamarind seems to point out at act as functional foods. Fermented hibiscus beverage has the best sensory evaluation among all resulting beverages. The juice showed a difference in color according to the drink and the fermentation period, in addition to the different colors of the SCOBY With different beverages. So, it could be recommended that the fortification of the Kombucha tea beverage with hibiscus and tamarind enhances its nutritional qualities and phytochemical compositions.
{"title":"Effect of Fermentation Time on Antioxidants Activity and Sensory Evaluation of the Kombucha Tea Beverage Prepared with Hibiscus and Tamarind","authors":"Dalia I. Hemdan, Taqwa Bushnaq, Khadija Radhi","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2314","url":null,"abstract":"A fermented beverage called kombucha is made by fermenting green or black tea with sugar and adding the SCOBY symbiotic bacteria under aerobic conditions. Hibiscus and tamarind drinks are traditional drinks that are distinguished in their functional and sensory characteristics. Therefore, in this research, work has been done to transform hibiscus and tamarind drinks from traditional and functional drinks into fermented drinks with new functional and therapeutic properties as well as sensory distinctiveness in taste and color. Also, the study estimated the pH, total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as DPPH and sensory evaluation in the novel drinks and compared them with traditional kombucha tea. In addition, the study determined the proper fermentation time with incubated yeast (SCOBY). The measurements of day seven and fourteen fermentation were taken for Kombucha tea, Kombucha tea with hibiscus, and Kombucha tea with tamarind then compared with black tea. Caffeine in black tea was more than in Kombucha tea and others may be due to the black tea contained the highest total phenolic and flavonoids which were 164.53 and 12.91 μ g/mL, respectively. Moreover, the radical scavenging ability of the hibiscus and tamarind seems to point out at act as functional foods. Fermented hibiscus beverage has the best sensory evaluation among all resulting beverages. The juice showed a difference in color according to the drink and the fermentation period, in addition to the different colors of the SCOBY With different beverages. So, it could be recommended that the fortification of the Kombucha tea beverage with hibiscus and tamarind enhances its nutritional qualities and phytochemical compositions.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the effect of modified activated carbon combined with plants on the coordinated restoration of heavy metal pollution in roadbed slope soil. This study used wheat husks as raw materials, potassium hydroxide and permanganate as modifiers, and aquatic plant reeds to remediate heavy metals in roadbed slope soil. The adsorption amount and removal rate of heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr were investigated under adsorbent dosage, adsorbent physical structure parameters, different pH environments, and ternary composite heavy metal body experimental conditions. According to the experimental results, after activation, the total pore volume and total specific surface area of biochar increased significantly, 21.4 and 111.7 times those before activation, respectively. The order of removal rates of heavy metal ions by different adsorbents was Pb > Cr > Cu. When the adsorbent was biochar–reed joint remediation, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu, Pb, and Cr was 31.25, 136, and 52.3 mg/g. The adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents (biochar and biochar–reed) for Pb were the highest, and the adsorption sensitivity of the adsorbents for Pb was higher than that for Cr and Cu. Under single-component conditions, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr was ranked as Pb > Cu > Cr. In a ternary solution system, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr was ranked as Cu > Cr > Pb. Considering the adsorption capacity and removal rate of nutrient-rich substances, as well as the cost and effect of the use of the adsorbent, the recommended amount of the adsorbent was 4–6 g.
{"title":"Research on the Effect of Coordinated Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Roadbed Slope Soil by Combining Biochar with Reed","authors":"Zhangli Jin, Gaopeng Liu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2315","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of modified activated carbon combined with plants on the coordinated restoration of heavy metal pollution in roadbed slope soil. This study used wheat husks as raw materials, potassium hydroxide and permanganate as modifiers, and aquatic plant reeds to remediate heavy metals in roadbed slope soil. The adsorption amount and removal rate of heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr were investigated under adsorbent dosage, adsorbent physical structure parameters, different pH environments, and ternary composite heavy metal body experimental conditions. According to the experimental results, after activation, the total pore volume and total specific surface area of biochar increased significantly, 21.4 and 111.7 times those before activation, respectively. The order of removal rates of heavy metal ions by different adsorbents was Pb > Cr > Cu. When the adsorbent was biochar–reed joint remediation, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu, Pb, and Cr was 31.25, 136, and 52.3 mg/g. The adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents (biochar and biochar–reed) for Pb were the highest, and the adsorption sensitivity of the adsorbents for Pb was higher than that for Cr and Cu. Under single-component conditions, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr was ranked as Pb > Cu > Cr. In a ternary solution system, the adsorption capacity of biochar to heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Cr was ranked as Cu > Cr > Pb. Considering the adsorption capacity and removal rate of nutrient-rich substances, as well as the cost and effect of the use of the adsorbent, the recommended amount of the adsorbent was 4–6 g.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liang Chen, Xiu-Lan Xin, Shu-Guang Li, Hong Wang, Gang Tian
Artemisia argyi leaves (AL) are a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possess significant biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, promoting blood circulation and reducing inflammation. AL contains many natural bioactive substances. In this study, Soxhlet extraction method was implemented to extract polysaccharides and essential oils (EOs) from AL, and the process was optimized by multi-response optimization. To explorer the best extraction conditions, three experimental parameters, soaking time (2–10 h), extraction time (1–3 h), and material liquid ratio (1:12–1:24 g/mL), were investigated in single-factor experiments. The Box-Behnken design of response surface analysis was used to optimize the extraction conditions. Further, the antioxidant ability of polysaccharides was evaluated using DPPH clearance rate. The results showed that the optimum extraction parameters of soaking time, extraction time and ratio of material to liquid were: 10 h, 2.5 h, and 1:27, respectively. The extraction rate of crude polysaccharides from AL reached 11.21% under the optimized conditions. The polysaccharide content in crude polysaccharides was about 50% according to anthrone-sulfuric acid method. Moreover, the crude polysaccharides from AL exhibited good antioxidant activity, with the ability of scavenging DPPH free radical being about 60% of that of L-ascorbic acid (Vc). These findings indicated that crude polysaccharides extracted from AL showed good free radical scavenging ability and possess potential for developed as natural antioxidanst. This study aims to provide a basic reference for the optimization of extracting process of polysaccharides from AL and further development and utilization.
{"title":"Optimization of Polysaccharides and Essential Oils Extraction from <i>Artemisia argyi</i> Leaves and the Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides","authors":"Liang Chen, Xiu-Lan Xin, Shu-Guang Li, Hong Wang, Gang Tian","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2306","url":null,"abstract":"Artemisia argyi leaves (AL) are a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possess significant biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, promoting blood circulation and reducing inflammation. AL contains many natural bioactive substances. In this study, Soxhlet extraction method was implemented to extract polysaccharides and essential oils (EOs) from AL, and the process was optimized by multi-response optimization. To explorer the best extraction conditions, three experimental parameters, soaking time (2–10 h), extraction time (1–3 h), and material liquid ratio (1:12–1:24 g/mL), were investigated in single-factor experiments. The Box-Behnken design of response surface analysis was used to optimize the extraction conditions. Further, the antioxidant ability of polysaccharides was evaluated using DPPH clearance rate. The results showed that the optimum extraction parameters of soaking time, extraction time and ratio of material to liquid were: 10 h, 2.5 h, and 1:27, respectively. The extraction rate of crude polysaccharides from AL reached 11.21% under the optimized conditions. The polysaccharide content in crude polysaccharides was about 50% according to anthrone-sulfuric acid method. Moreover, the crude polysaccharides from AL exhibited good antioxidant activity, with the ability of scavenging DPPH free radical being about 60% of that of L-ascorbic acid (Vc). These findings indicated that crude polysaccharides extracted from AL showed good free radical scavenging ability and possess potential for developed as natural antioxidanst. This study aims to provide a basic reference for the optimization of extracting process of polysaccharides from AL and further development and utilization.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esma Anissa Trad Khodja, Abd El Hamid Khabtane, Rabah Arhab, Mohamed Sabri Bensaad, Hakima Beldi, Chawki Bensouici, Ashjan A. Shami, Hamsa Jameel Banjer, Rokayya Sami, Mahmoud Helal
Since antiquity, phytomedicine played a crucial role and many comprehensive texts documenting the medicinal impact of plants were discovered during many civilization eras, suggesting folk medicine is the foundation of modern medicine. This work look into the phytochemical composition, as well as the pharmacological properties, of Tamarix Africana stems organic fractions. The phytochemical study was carried out using phytochemical screening method while phenolic, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins contents by spectrophotometric approach. The antioxidant assay was measured using five approaches. Anti-diabetic capacity was investigated with two assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was tested against Artemia Salina nauplii and the photoprotective test was assessed using sun protection factor measurement (SPF). Data revealed that both extracts contained phenolic substances, the EA fraction had the highest proportion of phenolics, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins (825.47±2.34 μ g GAE/mg), (238.4±2.11 μ g QE/mg), (8.44±1.05 μ g CE/mg), (508.23±3.65 μ g TAE/mg) respectively. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cytotoxicity of these extracts evolved in dose-dependent manner. EA activity was higher than MeOH extract in antioxidant tests. A moderate antidiabetic effect was expressed by EA extract, while this effect was higher for MeOH extract. A significant cytotoxic and photoprotective effects was observed for both MeOH and EA extracts when compared to the corresponding standards. This study suggests that Tamarix Africana stems has certain pharmacological effects, especially to cure disorders linked to oxidative stress, glycemia perturbation, dermatopathology and some cancers.
自古以来，植物医学就起着至关重要的作用，在许多文明时期，人们发现了许多记录植物医学影响的综合文献，这表明民间医学是现代医学的基础。这项工作着眼于植物化学成分，以及药理学性质，柽柳非洲茎有机组分。采用植物化学筛选法进行植物化学研究，采用分光光度法测定酚类、黄酮类、缩合单宁和水解单宁含量。抗氧化测定采用五种方法。用两种方法研究抗糖尿病能力。并对其进行细胞毒性试验，并采用防晒系数(SPF)评价其光防护作用。结果表明，两种提取物均含有酚类物质，其中EA部位酚类物质、黄酮类物质、缩合单宁和水解单宁含量最高，分别为(825.47±2.34 μ g GAE/mg)、(238.4±2.11 μ g QE/mg)、(8.44±1.05 μ g CE/mg)、(508.23±3.65 μ g TAE/mg)。这些提取物的抗氧化、抗糖尿病和细胞毒性呈剂量依赖性。在抗氧化试验中，EA活性高于MeOH提取物。EA提取物具有中等的降糖作用，而MeOH提取物的降糖作用更高。与相应标准相比，MeOH和EA提取物均具有显著的细胞毒和光保护作用。该研究表明，柽柳茎具有一定的药理作用，特别是对氧化应激、血糖紊乱、皮肤病理和某些癌症相关疾病的治疗。
{"title":"Phytochemical Study, Biotechnological Applications and Experimental Evaluation of the Pharmacological Quality of <i>Tamarix Africana</i> Stems Fractions","authors":"Esma Anissa Trad Khodja, Abd El Hamid Khabtane, Rabah Arhab, Mohamed Sabri Bensaad, Hakima Beldi, Chawki Bensouici, Ashjan A. Shami, Hamsa Jameel Banjer, Rokayya Sami, Mahmoud Helal","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2309","url":null,"abstract":"Since antiquity, phytomedicine played a crucial role and many comprehensive texts documenting the medicinal impact of plants were discovered during many civilization eras, suggesting folk medicine is the foundation of modern medicine. This work look into the phytochemical composition, as well as the pharmacological properties, of Tamarix Africana stems organic fractions. The phytochemical study was carried out using phytochemical screening method while phenolic, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins contents by spectrophotometric approach. The antioxidant assay was measured using five approaches. Anti-diabetic capacity was investigated with two assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was tested against Artemia Salina nauplii and the photoprotective test was assessed using sun protection factor measurement (SPF). Data revealed that both extracts contained phenolic substances, the EA fraction had the highest proportion of phenolics, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins (825.47±2.34 μ g GAE/mg), (238.4±2.11 μ g QE/mg), (8.44±1.05 μ g CE/mg), (508.23±3.65 μ g TAE/mg) respectively. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cytotoxicity of these extracts evolved in dose-dependent manner. EA activity was higher than MeOH extract in antioxidant tests. A moderate antidiabetic effect was expressed by EA extract, while this effect was higher for MeOH extract. A significant cytotoxic and photoprotective effects was observed for both MeOH and EA extracts when compared to the corresponding standards. This study suggests that Tamarix Africana stems has certain pharmacological effects, especially to cure disorders linked to oxidative stress, glycemia perturbation, dermatopathology and some cancers.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lizhong Sun, Jing Chen, Tao Guo, Xiujin Hu, Tong Liu
The explants of Photinia frasery with leaves were first generation cultured. And then, the calli which were induced by explants were cultured and proliferated, followed by the effective seedlings which were proliferation-targeted cultured, rooting-targeted cultured. Finally, the seedlings are trained and transplanted. The study results showed: (1) Primary culture of Photinia frasery leaves, the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+0.4 mg · L −1 BA+1.6 mg · L −1 NAA; (2) The result of orthogonal test, proliferation culture of Photinia frasery , the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+2.0 mg·L −1 BA+0.1 mg·L −1 IBA+2.0 mg·L −1 GA+40 g sucrose; (3) Rooting culture of Photinia frasery , the best plant hormone combination in medium is: 1/2MS+0.4 mg·L −1 IBA. The results showed that different impacts of plant hormone type and concentration combination on the primary culture, reproducing culture and rooting culture of Photinia frasery leaves were obvious.
{"title":"The Technical System of Rapid Propagation with <i>Photinia frasery</i> Leaves Inducing Calli, First Generation Culture, Increasing Reproduction, Rooting and Training Seedlings to Transplant","authors":"Lizhong Sun, Jing Chen, Tao Guo, Xiujin Hu, Tong Liu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2308","url":null,"abstract":"The explants of Photinia frasery with leaves were first generation cultured. And then, the calli which were induced by explants were cultured and proliferated, followed by the effective seedlings which were proliferation-targeted cultured, rooting-targeted cultured. Finally, the seedlings are trained and transplanted. The study results showed: (1) Primary culture of Photinia frasery leaves, the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+0.4 mg · L −1 BA+1.6 mg · L −1 NAA; (2) The result of orthogonal test, proliferation culture of Photinia frasery , the best plant hormone combination in medium is: MS+2.0 mg·L −1 BA+0.1 mg·L −1 IBA+2.0 mg·L −1 GA+40 g sucrose; (3) Rooting culture of Photinia frasery , the best plant hormone combination in medium is: 1/2MS+0.4 mg·L −1 IBA. The results showed that different impacts of plant hormone type and concentration combination on the primary culture, reproducing culture and rooting culture of Photinia frasery leaves were obvious.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focused on the use of Tetradesmus obliquus, a freshwater microalga, immobilized using sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for removing heavy metals from water. Experiments conducted during the study demonstrated the adsorption efficacy of microalgae beads with respect to lead, copper, and cadmium, with the adsorption process predominantly facilitated via hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups. Varying the mass of beads between 0.25 and 0.2 g only minimally affected their adsorption capacity for cadmium ions. The highest removal rate was observed for Pb, followed by Cu and Cd. Maximum removal for all tested metals was achieved at an adsorbent dosage of 2 g. Based on optimal data points, the influence of pH on the removal rate was nonlinear. Analyses based on Freundlich and Langmuir models demonstrated the remarkable adsorption capacity of Tetradesmus obliquus with respect to heavy metals, particularly Pb, which increased with temperature.
{"title":"Removal of Heavy Metals from Freshwater Using Immobilized Microalgae","authors":"Jing Fan, Xiuli Xu, Caiyun Zhang, Yiming Zhang, Zexiong Wu","doi":"10.1166/jbmb.2023.2303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2303","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the use of Tetradesmus obliquus, a freshwater microalga, immobilized using sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for removing heavy metals from water. Experiments conducted during the study demonstrated the adsorption efficacy of microalgae beads with respect to lead, copper, and cadmium, with the adsorption process predominantly facilitated via hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups. Varying the mass of beads between 0.25 and 0.2 g only minimally affected their adsorption capacity for cadmium ions. The highest removal rate was observed for Pb, followed by Cu and Cd. Maximum removal for all tested metals was achieved at an adsorbent dosage of 2 g. Based on optimal data points, the influence of pH on the removal rate was nonlinear. Analyses based on Freundlich and Langmuir models demonstrated the remarkable adsorption capacity of Tetradesmus obliquus with respect to heavy metals, particularly Pb, which increased with temperature.","PeriodicalId":15157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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