Journal of biomechanics最新文献_第7页

Motor variability regulation analysis in trampolinists

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112533

Mathieu Bourgeois , Eve Charbonneau , Craig Turner, Mickaël Begon

In trampolining, optimizing body orientation during landing reduces injury risk and enhances performance. As trampolinists are subject to motor variability, anticipatory inflight corrections are necessary to regulate their body orientation before landing. We investigated the evolution of a) body orientation and b) limb position (i.e., arms and legs) variabilities. Secondary objectives were to investigate c) the link between acrobatics difficulty and the variability accumulation, and d) to identify links between body orientation variability and gaze orientation. Kinematics and gaze orientation were captured using inertial measurement units and an eye tracker, respectively. Seventeen trampolinists performed up to 13 different acrobatics (different number of rotations in twist and somersault). Intra-trampolinist pelvis orientation and limb position inter-trial variability was computed for each acrobatic at three key timestamps: takeoff, 75 % completion of the twist, and landing. Pelvis orientation variability significantly increased between takeoff and the instant when 75 % of the twist is completed (+75 %) and then decreased from the instant when 75 % of the twist is completed until landing (−39 %). Conversely, limb variability decreased (upper limbs: −66 % and lower limbs: −46 %), before increasing (+357 % and +127 %), suggesting that trampolinists adapted their limb kinematics to regulate pelvis orientation before landing. It was qualitatively observed that this decrease in body orientation variability occurred mostly when trampolinists were looking at the trampoline bed before landing. In addition, there was a moderate correlation between the number of twists in a straight somersault and the variability accumulation at 75 % of the twist, highlighting that trampolinists accumulate more variability as the number of twist rotations increases.

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引用次数: 0

Difference in movement coordination and variability during Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand between people with and without Chronic Low back pain

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112531

Dhananjaya Sutanto , Cheuk Yin Ho , Stephen H.S. Wong , Adrian Pranata , Yijian Yang

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects people’s activities of daily living, including sitting down and standing up. Movement pattern analyses during five-repetition sit-to-stand (5RSTS) may allow CLBP status differentiation. 44 CLBP and 22 asymptomatic participants performed 5RSTS in this study, with their trunk and lower limb movements recorded using 3-dimensional motion capture system. Joint active range of motion, joint maximal velocity, joint and segment continuous relative phase (CRP) were analyzed. Mean absolute relative phase (MARP) and deviation phase (DP) variables were calculated in CRP analysis. Between-group kinematic variables were compared using One-way Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). Significant variables from different methods were compared using binomial logistic regression to assess accuracy for CLBP status. Results showed that segmental CRP is the most sensitive method for CLBP assessment, with the CLBP group femur-to-pelvis and lumbar-to-pelvis movement coordination was more in-phase MARP (F(8,56) = 7.127, p < 0.001, Wilks’Λ = 0.441, ηp² = 0.559) and stable DP (F(8,56) = 4.585, p < 0.001, Wilks’Λ = 0.551, ηp² = 0.449) during both standing up and sitting down. Utilizing CRP variables yielded Nagelkerke R² = 0.708 and overall correct classification of 93 % for CLBP status. Individuals with CLBP exhibited distinct movement coordination and stability, which should be considered in CLBP assessments and intervention. Variable combination from the segment analysis was found to be the most predictive to CLBP status, and significantly different to the results obtained from joint analysis, highlighting the necessity for CRP method standardization in future studies.

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引用次数: 0

Increasing thigh extension with haptic feedback affects leg coordination in young and older adult walkers

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112525

Mohsen Alizadeh Noghani , Ehsan Sharafian M. , Ben Sidaway , Babak Hejrati

Interlimb coordination can be used as a metric to study the response of the neuromuscular system to mechanical perturbations and behavioral information. Behavioral information providing haptic feedback on thigh angle has been shown to increase stride length and consequently walking speed, but the effect of such feedback on limb coordination has not been determined. The current work investigates the effects of this feedback on lower-limb coordination and examines if such effects are dependent on the age of the walker. Existing kinematic data were examined from 10 young and 10 older adults during overground walking at self-selected normal and fast speeds and with thigh extension haptic feedback. Using sagittal angles of the lower-limb segments, we quantified changes in the mean of continuous relative phase (

A C R P

) and its standard deviation (

V C R P

) for thigh-shank and shank-foot segment pairs, over windows of 10% of gait cycle around peak thigh extension, toe-off, and heel strike. We found that the haptic feedback resulted in more in-phase movement (i.e., decreased

A C R P

, Cohen’s

d

: 0.56-1.46), and larger coordination variability (i.e., increased

V C R P

, Cohen’s

d

: 0.60-1.50) of the segment pairs across the three windows. Additionally, the young adults exhibited lower

A C R P

than older adults (Cohen’s

d

=1.02) and higher

V C R P

(Cohen’s

d

=1.02) when the feedback was provided. The results suggest that the haptic feedback elicited distinct adaptations in the neuromuscular system and that this response differed between young and older adults.

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引用次数: 0

Bi-ventricular elastic material parameters estimation using 3D CMR myocardial strains in rheumatic heart disease patients

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112524

Mary A. Familusi , Sebastian Skatulla , Jagir R. Hussan , Olukayode O. Aremu , Stephen Jermy , Daniel Mutithu , Freedom N. Gumedze , Ntobeko A.B. Ntusi

Understanding the elastic material behavior of myocardium during the diastolic phase is critical for evaluating cardiac function and improving treatments for diastolic abnormalities. This study introduces a novel multi-objective optimization framework that incorporates both strain and volume measurements to enhance the accuracy of myocardial property assessments in Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) patients and healthy controls. By employing global volume and strain measurements instead of segmented strains from the sixteen AHA regions, we achieve a robust alignment with the Klotz curve across all groups, indicating an accurate simulation of end-diastolic pressure–volume relationships (EDPVRs). Our approach uniquely integrates combinations of longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strains, resulting in an unprecedented reduction in errors between clinical and simulated strain values, with less than one percent difference for targeted parameters. The results demonstrate that the alignment between computational predictions and clinical measurements depends significantly on the choice of optimization target. The study reveals significant differences in tissue mechanics between RHD patients and healthy controls, with notable variations in ventricular stiffness and fiber orientations across optimization targets, confirmed through rigorous statistical analyses. The observed variations in fiber angles, particularly the smaller angles for longitudinal strains and steeper angles for circumferential strains, underscore the intricate relationship between myocardial fiber architecture and cardiac deformation, offering deeper insights into ventricular biomechanics. By presenting qualitative and quantitative differences in stress and strain distributions, this research advances the understanding of myocardial mechanics, highlighting the clinical relevance of fiber orientation and material properties in modeling cardiac mechanics and distinguishing diseased from healthy myocardial behavior.

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引用次数: 0

Goal-equivalent drifts in sagittal joint angle configuration as indicators of optimality in postural alignment

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112526

Stephen M. Glass, Cameron G. Brummitt, Grant M. Westbrook, Adrian Aron

The relevance of posture as a constituent of physical health varies depending on one’s explanatory framework of disease. Contrasting perspectives within this discussion refer to optimal biomechanics, but often without consistent meaning. The resulting theoretical confusion presents challenges both for applied research and clinical practice. We studied joint angle drift tendencies and sway-stabilizing synergy as indicators of optimality in relaxed bipedal standing. Sixteen subjects completed a series of 4-min bipedal standing trials under varying foot positions. Kinematic time series were segmented on the basis of multivariate changepoint location to quantify directional tendencies associated with slow, unintentional joint angle drifts. Subsequently, time series were segmented into shorter epochs and synergy indices describing center of mass stabilizing joint coordination were quantified for each epoch. Paired t-tests were used to assess the tendency of observed drifts to approximate common endpoints and “Random Effects Within Between” models were used to assess the relationship between synergy indices and Euclidean distance from individually defined drift targets. Our analyses suggest that 1) joint angles in relaxed bipedal standing tend to drift toward specific endpoints, and 2) greater deviation from these drift endpoints associates with greater COM-stabilizing coordinative synergy. We interpret these findings as supporting the presence of latent cost functions associated with individual sagittal joint angle configuration. We discuss our work in the context of the ongoing theoretical and clinical dialogue concerning optimal movement and the relevance of biomechanics in physical health.

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a smartphone-based markerless system to measure lower-limb kinematics in patients with knee osteoarthritis

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112529

Junqing Wang , Wei Xu , Zhuoying Wu , Hui Zhang , Biao Wang , Zongke Zhou , Chen Wang , Kang Li , Yong Nie

OpenCap, a smartphone-based markerless system, offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional marker-based systems for gait analysis. However, its kinematic measurement accuracy must be evaluated before widespread use in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate OpenCap for lower-limb joint angle measurements during walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to compare error metrics between patients and healthy controls. Lower-limb kinematic data were simultaneously collected from 53 patients with knee OA and 30 healthy individuals using OpenCap and a marker-based motion capture system while walking at a self-selected speed. Evaluation was assessed through root mean square error (RMSE) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Two-way repeated measures analyses of variance were employed to evaluate the main effects of and interactions between group (knee OA patients vs. healthy controls) and walking direction (toward vs. away from the camera). The results demonstrated a grand mean RMSE of 6.1° and an ICC of 0.67 for knee OA patients when walking toward the camera. Patients with knee OA exhibited significantly higher RMSE and lower ICC values compared to healthy controls. Additionally, walking toward the camera was associated with significantly lower RMSE and higher ICC values than walking away from the camera. OpenCap’s minimal hardware costs, free software, and user-friendly interface suggest its potential for widespread clinical implementation. The sagittal hip and knee angles demonstrate strong agreement with the marker-based system; however, caution is warranted in clinical decision-making for this population, as errors in most joint angles slightly surpass acceptable thresholds.

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引用次数: 0

Erratum to “Frequency and amplitude dependence of nuclear displacement and phase delay in mechanical vibrations for determining cellular natural frequency” [J. Biomech. 177 (2024) 112403] 勘误："用于确定细胞固有频率的机械振动中核位移和相位延迟的频率和振幅依赖性" [J. Biomech. 177 (2024) 112403]。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112518

Yuri Kuroki, Toshihiko Shiraishi

引用次数: 0

A novel approach to assess coordination in people with transtibial amputations using continuous and event relative phase

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112522

Austin Louis Mituniewicz, Varun Nalam, He Helen Huang

Continuous relative phase (CRP) quantifies coordination for cyclic motions as the difference in the phase portrait locations between its constituent coordinates and has been widely used in populations with neuromuscular impairments. Continuous analyses, like statistical parameter mapping (SPM), provide greater resolution than traditional techniques that first compress CRP across a section of the cycle to a single point, like mean average relative phase (MARP). However, both analyses neglect the effect of intermediate event timing (e.g. toe-off), on coordination. Given this deficit and the notion that some people with transtibial amputations (PwTA) may not benefit from powered prostheses due to altered coordination, we computed lower extremity CRPs from 5 PwTA walking with their own passive prostheses and a powered device on a treadmill, as well as 5 matched able-bodied individuals (ABI). We then compared results from non-parametric SPMs to those from MARP using a 10-40-10-40 gait phase decomposition and extracted relative phase at the events that theoretically delineate the decomposition. We found continuous, discrete analyses matched well, particularly near ankle “push-off” (∼55 % gait cycle) with all methods identifying differences in shank-foot coordination between the ABI group and PwTA group walking with the powered device. Although it is unclear why the powered prosthesis promotes more in-phase shank-foot CRP, potential covariates include limb posture and device control. In tandem with altered event timing, these factors may not only influence coordination, but also illuminate why some PwTA do not reduce their energy expenditure when walking in powered ankle prostheses.

{"title":"A novel approach to assess coordination in people with transtibial amputations using continuous and event relative phase","authors":"Austin Louis Mituniewicz, Varun Nalam, He Helen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous relative phase (CRP) quantifies coordination for cyclic motions as the difference in the phase portrait locations between its constituent coordinates and has been widely used in populations with neuromuscular impairments. Continuous analyses, like statistical parameter mapping (SPM), provide greater resolution than traditional techniques that first compress CRP across a section of the cycle to a single point, like mean average relative phase (MARP). However, both analyses neglect the effect of intermediate event timing (e.g. toe-off), on coordination. Given this deficit and the notion that some people with transtibial amputations (PwTA) may not benefit from powered prostheses due to altered coordination, we computed lower extremity CRPs from 5 PwTA walking with their own passive prostheses and a powered device on a treadmill, as well as 5 matched able-bodied individuals (ABI). We then compared results from non-parametric SPMs to those from MARP using a 10-40-10-40 gait phase decomposition and extracted relative phase at the events that theoretically delineate the decomposition. We found continuous, discrete analyses matched well, particularly near ankle “push-off” (∼55 % gait cycle) with all methods identifying differences in shank-foot coordination between the ABI group and PwTA group walking with the powered device. Although it is unclear why the powered prosthesis promotes more in-phase shank-foot CRP, potential covariates include limb posture and device control. In tandem with altered event timing, these factors may not only influence coordination, but also illuminate why some PwTA do not reduce their energy expenditure when walking in powered ankle prostheses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 112522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth in a two-dimensional model of coarctation of the aorta: A CFD-informed agent based model

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112514

Nasonkwe Hampwaye , Jie Wang , Alistair Revell , Emily Manchester , Thomas Aldersley , Liesl Zuhlke , Bernard Keavney , Malebogo Ngoepe

In the individualized treatment of a patient with Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA), a non-severe case which initially exhibits no symptoms, and thus requires no treatment, could potentially become severe over time. This progression can be attributed to insufficient growth at the coarctation site relative to the overall growth of the child. Therefore, an agent-based model (ABM) to predict the aortic growth of a CoA patient is introduced. The multi-scale approach combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and ABM to study systems that are influenced by both mechanical stimuli and biochemical responses characteristic of growth. Our focus is on ABM development; thus, CFD insights were applied solely to enhance the ABM framework. Comparative medicine was leveraged to develop a species-specific ABM by considering the rat and porcine species commonly used in cardiovascular research together with data from healthy human toddlers. The ABM luminal radius prediction accuracy was observed to be 79% for rat, above 95% for porcine and 91. 6% for the healthy toddler; while that observed for the growth rate was 38.7%, 90% and 64.3% respectively. Given its performance, the ABM was adapted to a 2.5-year-old patient-specific CoA. Subsequently, the model predicted that by age 3, the condition would worsen, marked by persistent CoA enhanced by the predicted least growth compared to growth predicted in the rest of the aorta, hypertension, and increased turbulent flow; thus, increased vessel injury risk. The findings advise for incorporating vascular remodelling into the ABM to enhance its predictive capability for intervention planning.

{"title":"Growth in a two-dimensional model of coarctation of the aorta: A CFD-informed agent based model","authors":"Nasonkwe Hampwaye , Jie Wang , Alistair Revell , Emily Manchester , Thomas Aldersley , Liesl Zuhlke , Bernard Keavney , Malebogo Ngoepe","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the individualized treatment of a patient with Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA), a non-severe case which initially exhibits no symptoms, and thus requires no treatment, could potentially become severe over time. This progression can be attributed to insufficient growth at the coarctation site relative to the overall growth of the child. Therefore, an agent-based model (ABM) to predict the aortic growth of a CoA patient is introduced. The multi-scale approach combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and ABM to study systems that are influenced by both mechanical stimuli and biochemical responses characteristic of growth. Our focus is on ABM development; thus, CFD insights were applied solely to enhance the ABM framework. Comparative medicine was leveraged to develop a species-specific ABM by considering the rat and porcine species commonly used in cardiovascular research together with data from healthy human toddlers. The ABM luminal radius prediction accuracy was observed to be 79% for rat, above 95% for porcine and 91. 6% for the healthy toddler; while that observed for the growth rate was 38.7%, 90% and 64.3% respectively. Given its performance, the ABM was adapted to a 2.5-year-old patient-specific CoA. Subsequently, the model predicted that by age 3, the condition would worsen, marked by persistent CoA enhanced by the predicted least growth compared to growth predicted in the rest of the aorta, hypertension, and increased turbulent flow; thus, increased vessel injury risk. The findings advise for incorporating vascular remodelling into the ABM to enhance its predictive capability for intervention planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 112514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel 3D-printed clamping interface for the tensile testing of biological specimens 一种用于生物标本拉伸测试的新型3d打印夹紧界面。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112457

Madalena Antunes, Sérgio B. Gonçalves, Carlos Quental, Virgínia Infante, João Folgado

A novel 3D-printed clamping interface was designed to address challenges associated with the tensile testing of soft biological tissues, particularly specimen slippage and failure at the grips. To improve specimen adherence, four contact patterns, based on retrograde teeth, serrated, atraumatic wavy teeth, and flower patterns, were added to the interface surface. A smooth transition was considered to diminish the likelihood of transverse cutting of specimens. The 3D-printed clamping interface was produced using additive manufacturing. We performed tensile tests on porcine skin specimens considering the original serrated jaw faces (reference condition), the jaw faces with sandpaper, and the 3D-printed clamping interface with and without contact patterns. The maximum force supported by the specimens (before slippage or failure), for each test condition, was compared using statistical analysis (statistical level of p < 0.05). Compared to the reference condition (148.50 ± 31.71 N), we observed significant improvements for the 3D-printed clamping interface with the retrograde teeth (247.41 ± 31.17 N, p ≤ 0.001) and flower (220.40 ± 19.86 N, p = 0.004) contact patterns. In the reference condition, failure mostly occurred at the grips. The use of the 3D-printed clamping interface reduced the spreading of the fibers, promoting failure within the gauge section. Additionally, we observed a reduction in tissue damage at the grips for the flower and atraumatic wavy teeth conditions. In conclusion, the proposed 3D-printed clamping interface significantly improved the adherence of the porcine skin specimens while promoting failure within the gauge section. This approach can be easily customized to the available grips, has a low-cost and fast production, and uses easily accessible technology.

一种新型的3d打印夹紧界面被设计用于解决与软生物组织的拉伸测试相关的挑战，特别是试样滑移和握把失效。为了提高试样的粘附性，在界面表面添加了四种接触模式，分别是逆行齿、锯齿形、无创伤波形齿和花形。一个平稳的过渡被认为是减少横向切割标本的可能性。采用增材制造技术生产3d打印夹紧界面。我们对猪皮肤样品进行了拉伸试验，考虑了原始锯齿颌面（参考条件）、带有砂纸的颌面以及3d打印的夹紧界面有和没有接触模式。在每种试验条件下，试件（滑移或破坏前）所承受的最大力采用统计分析进行比较(p

{"title":"A novel 3D-printed clamping interface for the tensile testing of biological specimens","authors":"Madalena Antunes, Sérgio B. Gonçalves, Carlos Quental, Virgínia Infante, João Folgado","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel 3D-printed clamping interface was designed to address challenges associated with the tensile testing of soft biological tissues, particularly specimen slippage and failure at the grips. To improve specimen adherence, four contact patterns, based on retrograde teeth, serrated, atraumatic wavy teeth, and flower patterns, were added to the interface surface. A smooth transition was considered to diminish the likelihood of transverse cutting of specimens. The 3D-printed clamping interface was produced using additive manufacturing. We performed tensile tests on porcine skin specimens considering the original serrated jaw faces (reference condition), the jaw faces with sandpaper, and the 3D-printed clamping interface with and without contact patterns. The maximum force supported by the specimens (before slippage or failure), for each test condition, was compared using statistical analysis (statistical level of <em>p</em> < 0.05). Compared to the reference condition (148.50 ± 31.71 N), we observed significant improvements for the 3D-printed clamping interface with the retrograde teeth (247.41 ± 31.17 N, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.001) and flower (220.40 ± 19.86 N, <em>p</em> = 0.004) contact patterns. In the reference condition, failure mostly occurred at the grips. The use of the 3D-printed clamping interface reduced the spreading of the fibers, promoting failure within the gauge section. Additionally, we observed a reduction in tissue damage at the grips for the flower and atraumatic wavy teeth conditions. In conclusion, the proposed 3D-printed clamping interface significantly improved the adherence of the porcine skin specimens while promoting failure within the gauge section. This approach can be easily customized to the available grips, has a low-cost and fast production, and uses easily accessible technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 112457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0