中药材最新文献

Objective: To optimize the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization models of Atractylodes japonica to offer a scientific basis for its standard cultivation and the specialty fertilizers.

Methods: Annual and biennial Atractylodes japonica were chosen in the experiment. By using three-factors, quadratic saturation-D optimal design, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on height, rhizome traits and active constituents of Atractylodes japonica were studied.

Results: Considering the production and active constituents,the optimum plan of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization model was selected as N0P2K2（ N 0 g/m2,P2O540. 227 g / m2,K2O 40. 227 g / m2） and N1P3K3（ N15. 939 g/m2,P2O567. 467 g / m2,K2O 67. 467 g / m2）. By means of regression equation with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio and production（ rhizome fresh weight） of Atractylodes japonica, potassium was the major factor in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium single effect, and nitrogen came second. According to the regression model, the best combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was obtained. The highest fresh weight of Atractylodes japonica rhizome was 27. 4066 g when the fertilization level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 38. 4301 kg / hm2,181. 4750 kg/hm2,128. 5584 kg/hm2,respectively. The target fresh weight of Atractylodes japonica was selected as 26. 00 27. 41 g per plant according to the model optimization results, and the target production was 1 040. 0 1 096. 4 kg / hm2. In 95% confidence interval, the best fertilizer combinations were X1=-0. 2912± 0. 0825,X2= 0. 2764 ± 0. 1054 and X3= 0. 1325 ± 0. 0645.

Conclusion: According to the yield and active constituents of Atractylodes japonica, which suggest that the fertilizing amount of Atractylodes japonica artificial planting is nitrogen 46. 951 59. 320 kg / hm2,phosphorus 131. 673 155. 377 kg / hm2 and potassium 120. 091 134. 597 kg / hm2.

Objective: To explore the effects of wogonin on the apoptosis,invasion,migration and Wnt / β-catenin signaling pathway of gastric cancer cells SGC7901.

Methods: Three common gastric cancer cell lines( SGC7901,BGC-823 and MKN-45) were conventionally cultured to logarithmic growth. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay after treatment with different concentrations of wogonin( 0,20,50,100 and 200 μmol / L) for 24,48,72 and 96 h. The apoptosis rate, migration and invasion ability of SGC7901 cells were detected by Annexin V-FITC / PI annexin double staining flow cytometry, scratch test and transwell cell invasion assay, respectively. After treament with different concentrations of wogonin for 48 h,the protein levels of β-catenin, C-myc and Cyclin D1 were detected by Western blotting.

Results: Wogonin within the range of 20 ~ 200 mol / L could inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901,BGC-823 and MKN-45 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Compared with 0 μmol / L wogonin group,After treament with different concentrations of wogonin for 24 h and 48 h,SGC7901 cells had elevated apoptosis rate and decreased migration distance and number of penetrating membrane cell in the rest concentrations( P < 0. 05). The protein levels of β-catenin,C-myc and Cyclin D1 were lower in 20 ~ 200μmol /L wogonin groups than 0 μmol /L wogonin group except for the concentration of 20 μmol /L wogonin groups( P < 0. 05),and the effects in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: Wogonin has the ability to inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells,and can induce apoptosis and inhibit cell migration and invasion,which may be related to the inhibition of Wnt / β-catenin signaling pathway activation.

Objective: To study the differences of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects between oil,sand and vinegar processing Strychnos nux-vomica seeds.

Methods: Mouse auricular swelling and writhing test and mice hot water tail flick latency effect method were used to study and compare the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of different processing products of Strychnos nux-vomica seeds.

Results: The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of vinegar processing Strychnos nux-vomica seeds was better than that of oil and sand processing products.

Conclusion: This study can provide theoretical basis for the optimization of processing technology of reducing toxicity and enhancing effects of processed Strychnos nux-vomica seeds.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Inula japonica.

Methods: Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20,MCI and semipreparative HPLC were used to isolate and purify the constituents of Inula japonica,and the chemical structures were elucidated by chemical properties, MS and NMR analysis.

Results: 14 compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as ivangustin( 1),1-acetoxy-6α-hydroxyeriolanolide( 2), 1β-hydroxyalantolactone( 3),tomentosin( 4),11,13-dihydroinuchinenolide B( 5), britanlin A( 6),vomifoliol( 7), 17-hydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid( 8), 12-hydroxygeranylgeraniol ( 9), dihydroquercetin( 10), kaempferol( 11), quercetin( 12), dihydroconiferyl alcohol( 13) and fareanol( 14).

Conclusion: Compounds 5,6,9,13 and 14 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective: To screen the talcum powder ironing process parameters of Corium Elephatis, and to analyze the contents of protein and amino acids in Corium Elephatis before and after processing.

Methods: Take the crushing rate and alcohol-soluble extractive as evaluation indexes, investigating the boiling temperature, boiling time and stirring speed with the L9（ 34） orthogonal test method. Determine the contents of protein and amino acid in Corium Elephatis by Kjeldahl method and amino acid analyzer.

Results: The optimal processing technology parameters were as follows: In 100 kg Corium Elephatis it should be added 30 kg talcum powder, the processing temperature was 350 380 ℃,with stirring speed of 15 r / min processing for 3 min. Both Corium Elephatis before and after processing had 16 kinds of amino acids. In crude Corium Elephatis, the content of protein was 92. 4%,and the total content of amino acids was 62. 79%; while in processed Corium Elephatis, the content of protein was 98. 2%,and the total content of amino acids was67. 03%,those had no significant difference commpared with the crude one when ignoring the water content.

Conclusion: The selected talcum powder ironing process of corium elephatis is stable with good reproducible.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the pinecones of Pinus griffithii.

Methods: The constituents were separated and purified with chromatographic methods,and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural elucidation.

Results: Two new abietane type diterpenes and seven known compounds were isolated from the pinecones of Pinus griffithii,and were identified as 15-hydroxy-7α-methoxy-abiet-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid( 1),7α,13-dihydroxy-podocarpane-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid( 2),7,12,13,15-tetrahydroxy-abiet-8( 14)-en-18-oic acid( 3),7β,15-dihydroxy-abiet-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid( 4),18-norabiet-8,11,13-trien-4,7,15-triol( 5),15-hydroxy-abiet-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid( 6),7α-hydroxy-15-methoxy-abiet-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid( 7),7α-hydroxypodocarpen-8( 14)-en-13-one-18-oic acid( 8), oleanolic acid( 9).

Conclusion: Compounds 1,2 are the new abietane type diterpene,and all compounds are isolated from this plant for first time.

Objective: To determine the optimum extract condition of essential oil from dry Cinnamomum camphora leaves and to study its antibacterial activity.

Methods: The essential oil was extracted by subcritical fluid, and analyzed by response surface methodology based on single factor test. The chemical compositions of essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS, and the components were quantitatively determined by normalization method. The agar disc diffusion and dilution broth method were used to determine antibacterial activity.

Results: The extraction rate was highest as 3. 54%,which matched with the predictive yield of 3. 56%,and the extraction time was30 min, the extraction temperature was 40 ℃,and resolution temperature was 65 ℃. 47 chemical constituents were identified and isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, which was analyzed by GC-MS. The main chemical constituents were eucalyptol( 24. 74%),bicyclo[3. 1. 0]hexan-4-methylene-1-( 1-methylethyl) ( 7. 05%),linalool( 5. 82%),caryophyllene ( 4. 75%). The essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora had different degrees of inhibition on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus subtilis.

Conclusion: Subcritical fluid is suitable for the extraction of essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora and the essential oil has a good antimicrobial activity.

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and their antitumor activities.

Methods: Various column chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the compounds. The structures were elucidated by their physicochemical properties and spectra data. Moreover, MTT assay was used to evaluate the antitumor activity against melanoma SK-MEI-110 cells.

Results: Thirteen compounds were obtained from the roots of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, and their structures were determined as 2α, 3β, 23-trihydroxyoleana-11,13( 18)-dien-28-oic acid( 1),3β,23-dihydroxyolean-18-en-28-oic acid( 2), lupeol( 3), betulin( 4), betulinic acid( 5), friedelin( 6), β-sitosterol( 7), thero-2, 3-bis-( 4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol( 8), evafolin B( 9), β-hydroxypropiovanillone ( 10), 8, 8’-bis-( dihydroconiferyl)-diferuloylate( 11), gallate acid( 12) and methyl gallate( 13).

Conclusion: Compounds 1,2,8 ~ 10 and 13 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 ~ 6 exhibite inhibitory effects on melanoma SK-MEL-110 cells.

Objective: To examine the correlation between storage periods and L*, a* and b* color of Moutan Cortex.

Methods: A optical density meter was used for the measurement of reflected light from sieved powder and section samples using the CIE 1976 L~*,a~*,b~* color system. The content of paeonol were determined by HPLC. The correlation between storage periods,paeonol content and color indices of Moutan Cortex was analyzed.

Results: The measured color was significantly correlated with storage periods. The color of Moutan Cortex shift toward the red with the increase of storage periods. The storage periods were correlated with paeonol content. The measured color was equably correlated with paeonol content.

Conclusion: The correlation between the color of Moutan Cortex and storage periods was found in this study. Measurment of the color of Moutan Cortex can be used to appraise its storage periods and quality.

Objective: To identify Anredera cordifolia and its closely related species using the DNA barcode.

Methods: 28 individuals of Anredera cordifolia and its close related species were collected from different habitats. ITS and ITS2 of ribosomal DNA,matK,rbcL and psb A-trn H of chloroplast DNA were amplified and sequenced. The amplification and sequencing success rate,barcoding gap,and NJ trees were used to evaluate the efficiency of species identification.

Results: After amplified and sequenced, base deletion was occurred in psb A-trnH sequences of Basella alba. The sequencing success rates of mat K,rbc L,ITS and ITS2 were 100%,100%,78. 75% and64. 28%,respectively. Among the four DNA barcoding sequences,ITS and mat K had remarkable barcoding gap. The NJ tree showed that Anredera cordifolia could differed obviously from its closely related species by ITS and mat K.

Conclusion: The sequences of ITS and matK provide an effective and fast tool for the identification and authentication of medicinal plant of Anredera cordifolia and its related species.