中药材最新文献

Objective: To identify the metabolites of euphorbetin L1,euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate in Caco-2 cells by LC/MS/MS.

Methods: Caco-2 cells were cultured with 100 μg/mol lathyrane diterpenoid for 3,6,12 h,respectively. Then the samples were collected,purified and identified by LC/MS/MS.

Results: The major metabolites of euphorbetin L1 were two methylated products which were obtained after hydrolysis of the ester. The major metabolites of euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate were hydrolysis products of the ester.

Conclusion: The main metabolic pathway of euphorbetin L1 is methylation and hydrolysis of the ester. The main metabolic pathway of euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate is hydrolysis of the ester. LC/MS/MS can identify the metabolites of euphorbetin L1,euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate in Caco-2 cells quickly and sensitively.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by intermittent high glucose and to explore the possible mechanisms.

Methods: HUVECs were preincubated with Sal B for 24 h, followed by incubation with intermittent high glucose (IHG, 5.5 mmol/L 12 h, 33.3 mmol/L 12 h) for 72 h. The viability of the HUVECs was determined by MTT assay, and the cells apoptosis was measured flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Caspase-3 activity were determined by colorimetric method. Intracellular ROS was evaluated by fluorescent microscopy. The protein levels of NOX4, p-eNOS, BAX, and BCL-2 were determined by Western-blot.

Results: Pretreatment with Sal B significantly ameliorated IHG-induced cells injury as was manifested by increased cell viability, up-regulated eNOS activation, and promoted the release of NO in HUVECs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Sal B evidently suppressed IHG-induced cell apoptosis, down-regulated the expression of BAX protein and up-regulated the expression of BCL-2 protein. The activity of Capase-3 was also significantly reduced. Pre-incubation with Sal B led to a significant enhancement of antioxidant capacity and a reduction of NOX4 protein expression, accompanied by a remarkable decrease of intracellular ROS and MDA content (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

Conclusion: Sal B is capable of suppressing IHG-induced injury and apoptosis in HUVECs, which might be attributed to the attenuation of oxidative stress, regulation of BCL-2/BAX protein expression, and subsequent suppression of Caspase-3 activity.

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the roots of Macleaya cordata.

Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel,recrystallization and semi-preparative HPLC, their structures were eclucidated by physicochemistry properties, MS and NMR.

Results: Seven compounds were isolated and identified as 6-cyanodihydrochelerythrine (1),6-cyanodihydrochelilutine (2),dihydrochelirubine (3),6-methoxynorchelerythrine (4),dihydrosanguinarine (5),6-actonyldihydrosanguinarine (6) and stigmasterol (7).

Conclusion: Compounds 1,2 are new natural compounds and compound 4 is obtained from Macleaya cordata for the first time.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of Rhinocladiella sp. lgt-3,which was an endophytic fungus isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii.

Methods: Compounds were isolated from by various column chromatography. The structures were elucidated by various spectral data. The activity was tested by using 96-well micro-plated method.

Results: 10 compounds were isolated and identified as 3,4-dihydro-3,4,8-trihydroxy-1( 2H)-naphthalenone( 1),( 3R,4R)-4-hydroxymellein( 2),O-methylmellein( 3),4-( 2-hydroxybutynoxy) benzoic acid( 4),2,4-dihydroxy-6-(( R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentyl)-3-methylbenzaldehyde( 5),( Z)-N-( 4-hydroxystyryl) formamide( 6), aspterric acid( 7),bufotenin( 8),5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine-N-oxide( 9)and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine( 10). Compounds 1,8 ~ 10 showed moderate anti-monoamine oxidase activity with IC50 values of 32,36,50,56 μmol/L, respectively.

Conclusion: Compounds 3 ~ 10 are isolated from Rhinocladiella genus for the first time and the anti-monoamine oxidase activity of compound 1 are reported for the first time.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents and their anti-tumor activity of Eupatorium chinense. Methods: The chemical constituents were separated and purified by the normal phase silica gel column chromatography,preparative thin-layer chromatography,and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by various spectral data,their antitumor activity in vitro was determined by MTT assay. Results: Six compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Eupatorium chinense,and the structures were identified as eupalinilide G( 1),8β-( 4’-hydroxytigloyloxy)-5-desoxy-8-desacyleuparotin( 2),3-( hydroxymethyl)-1,13,14,15-tetrahydroxy-7,11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10-hexadecatriene( 3),3-( hydroxymethyl)-1,13,15-trihydroxy-7,11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10-hexadecatrien-14-yl acetate( 4),eupafolin( 5) and hiyodorilactone B( 6). Compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against HGC-27 and B16 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 4. 29 μg/m L and 5. 53 μg/m L,respectively.

Methods: The chemical constituents were separated and purified by the normal phase silica gel column chromatography,preparative thin-layer chromatography,and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by various spectral data,their antitumor activity in vitro was determined by MTT assay.

Results: Six compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Eupatorium chinense,and the structures were identified as eupalinilide G( 1),8β-( 4’-hydroxytigloyloxy)-5-desoxy-8-desacyleuparotin( 2),3-( hydroxymethyl)-1,13,14,15-tetrahydroxy-7,11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10-hexadecatriene( 3),3-( hydroxymethyl)-1,13,15-trihydroxy-7,11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10-hexadecatrien-14-yl acetate( 4),eupafolin( 5) and hiyodorilactone B( 6). Compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against HGC-27 and B16 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 4. 29 μg/m L and 5. 53 μg/m L,respectively.

Conclusion: Compounds 2 ~ 5 are isolated from the Eupatorium chinense for the first time,and compound 2 has significant cytotoxic activity against HGC-27 cell line.

Objective: To identify the main chemical constituents and to determine the content in Feifukang mistura.

Methods: HPLC-MS technique was used to profile and identify the chemical constituents by comparing the retention time,MS data with the reference standard. The content determination of all the chemical constituents were carried on a HPLC system.

Results: Five compounds were separated from Feifukang mistura,which were identified as neomangiferin,mangiferin,calycosin-7-O-glucoside,calycosin,and schizandrol A. The standard curves of them showed good linearity on the range of 2. 08 ~ 104. 0 μg/m L,2. 00 ~ 100. 0 μg/m L,2. 00 ~ 100. 0μg/m L,2. 09 ~ 104. 5 μg/m L,and 1. 98 ~ 99. 0 μg/m L,respectively. The average recoveries were all in the range of 91. 3 ~ 103. 8%.

Conclusion: The methods of chemical constituents identification and content determination were established,which may offer better revealing the material basis and controlling quality of Feifukang mistura.

Objective: To study the anti-oxidative constituents of the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica.

Methods: The ethanol extract of Plumbago zeylanica was separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques. On the basis of various spectroscopic data, the structures of isolated compounds were elucidated. ABTS+radical scavenging were carried out in antioxidant activity evaluation of the isolated compounds.

Results: Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as cis-isoshinanolone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside( 1),tachioside( 2),2,6-dimethoxy-p-hydroquinone-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside( 3),3-( β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4-methoxybenzoic acid( 4),3’-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-plumbagic acid( 5),3’-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-plumbagic acid methyl ester( 6),plumbagic acid( 7),plumbagine A( 8),plumbagine C( 9),syringate-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside( 10) and 2-methyl-5-hydroxychromone( 11). Compounds 2,3,and5 displayed significant scavenging effect on ABTS+.

Conclusion: Compounds 1 ~ 4,10,11 are obtained from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2,3,and 5 show significant anti-oxidative effects.

Objective: To analyze ITS region and matK gene sequences of three medicinal Phlomis plants,in order to provide molecular basis for identifying and protecting their wild resources.

Methods: PCR and sequencing were conducted on Phlomis likiangensis,Phlomis melanantha and Phlomis betonicoides wild populations by primers pairs ITS4 / ITS5 and matKXF / matK5 R.

Results: The smallest inter-K2 P genetic distance was further than the largest intra-K2 P genetic distance in Phlomis likiangensis, Phlomis melanantha and Phlomis betonicoides. Different samples of three medicinal Phlomis plants were gathered together and could be distinguished from other exogenous species by Neighbor-Joining( NJ) tree. Phlomis likiangensis, Phlomis melanantha and Phlomis betonicoides had three, three and one sites on ITS2 for their effective identification, and had three,three and three sites on ITS1 for their effective identification respectively. Phlomis betonicoides had three sites on matK for its effective identification, while Phlomis likiangensis or Phlomis melanantha needed multiple sites for their effective identification.

Conclusion: The study implies that ITS1,ITS2 and matK fragments could be used for molecular identification of Phlomis likiangensis, Phlomis melanantha and Phlomis betonicoides.

Objective: To optimize the suitable drying processing methods of the root of Angelica dahurica by the appearance and the content of active compounds.

Methods: 19 methods including natural drying in the shade, natural drying in the sun, hot air drying, shortwave infrared radiation drying were studied. HPLC-PDA method was adopted to determine the contents of coumarin compounds. GC-MS with internal standard method was used to determine the content of volatile oil. The appearance of samples was evaluated by the method of composite scores.

Results: The results of coumarins contents showed that the natural drying in the sun was higher than natural drying in the shade, variable-temperature drying was the best, and the temperature of constant temperature drying was inversely proportional to the contents of coumarins. The results of volatile oils contents showed that variable-temperature drying was the best, and the temperature of constant temperature drying was inversely proportional to the contents of volatile oils. The results of composite scores showed that hot air drying in 50 ℃ was the best, followed by natural drying in the sun, natural drying in the shade and shortwave infrared radiation drying in 50 ℃.

Conclusion: Therefore,considering the drying time,the appearance,and the content of active compounds,the hot air drying method and hot air machine with temperature and humidity controlled was recommend. The suitable parameters for the machine were that the drying temperature was 50 ℃,and the humidity was 35%. The method could provide the reference for the drying technology standard of roots such as Angelica dahurica.

Objective: To authenticate Scutellaria scordifolia and its closely related species using ITS2 sequence.

Methods: Total genomic DNA was isolated from Scutellaria scordifolia and its related species. Nuclear DNA ITS2 sequences were amplified and sequenced,and ITS2 sequences of the other species of plants were obtained in Gen Bank,The Kimura 2-parameter( K2P) distances were calculated. Identification analyses were performed using Neighbor-joining( NJ) and secondary structure of ITS2 sequence methods.

Results: The genetic distances of ITS2 between Scutellaria scordifolia and its closely related species were 0. 014 ~ 0. 141,which were obviously higher than those in the intra-species of Scutellaria scordifolia. The NJ tree and secondary structure of ITS2 sequence can distinguish Scutellaria scordifolia and its closely related species.

Conclusion: ITS2 sequence can effectively and accurately identify the Mongolian medicinal plant Scutellaria scordifolia and its closely relatives.