Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/171293
Arshad Nadhom Shubber, Firas Saeed Abbas, Hayder Mohammed AL-Taweel, Sinan Khaleel Ibrahim, Ali Al-Balhawi, Yasir M. Al-Badran, Layth Sahib Dheyab, Ahmed S.D. Al-Ridha
The sustainability and impact of copper fibres on pure gypsum is the primary purpose of this study to inves - tigate a combination of two kinds of copper fibres obtained from environmental waste (damaged electrical wires). The copper fibres are dividings into a fixed length of 10 mm, but with two different diameters: the first is 0.83 mm and the second is 0.63 mm, where the ratio of width to height (L/D) is 12 and 15.9, respectively, with a volume ratio V f = 0.4%, the ratios 0.5 and 0.6 represent the water to gypsum ratio (W/G ) individually. Each W/G ratio has two types of mixtures which organize according to diameter. The first considers a refer - ence mixture without copper fibres (CF), and the other is a copper fibres mixture. This work found that the compressive strength increased from adding the copper fibres to a mixture of pure gypsum. Furthermore, this increase is apparent in pure gypsum compressive strength when raising the aspect ratio because of reducing the copper fibres’ diameters. In another way, increasing ratio of W/G in the case of existing copper fibres or none may reduce a compressive strength of mixtures. Therefore, when the ratio of W/G drops, the significance of copper fibres may become more apparent.
{"title":"The Evaluation Effect of Copper Fibre Diameter on Enhancing Compressive Strength of Pure Gypsum","authors":"Arshad Nadhom Shubber, Firas Saeed Abbas, Hayder Mohammed AL-Taweel, Sinan Khaleel Ibrahim, Ali Al-Balhawi, Yasir M. Al-Badran, Layth Sahib Dheyab, Ahmed S.D. Al-Ridha","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171293","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainability and impact of copper fibres on pure gypsum is the primary purpose of this study to inves - tigate a combination of two kinds of copper fibres obtained from environmental waste (damaged electrical wires). The copper fibres are dividings into a fixed length of 10 mm, but with two different diameters: the first is 0.83 mm and the second is 0.63 mm, where the ratio of width to height (L/D) is 12 and 15.9, respectively, with a volume ratio V f = 0.4%, the ratios 0.5 and 0.6 represent the water to gypsum ratio (W/G ) individually. Each W/G ratio has two types of mixtures which organize according to diameter. The first considers a refer - ence mixture without copper fibres (CF), and the other is a copper fibres mixture. This work found that the compressive strength increased from adding the copper fibres to a mixture of pure gypsum. Furthermore, this increase is apparent in pure gypsum compressive strength when raising the aspect ratio because of reducing the copper fibres’ diameters. In another way, increasing ratio of W/G in the case of existing copper fibres or none may reduce a compressive strength of mixtures. Therefore, when the ratio of W/G drops, the significance of copper fibres may become more apparent.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article compares the use of sorption and sorption-coagulation methods for cleaning fresh and mineralized oil-containing waters. The sorbents used are thermally expanded graphite obtained by heat treatment of graphite bisulfate in a boiling layer, and activated carbon of BAU-A grade, which is widely used for purification of liquid media from oils and oil products. As an alternative to the sorption method, research was conducted on the application of the sorption-coagulation method with the simultaneous use of aluminum-containing coagulants: aluminum sulfate and aluminum hydroxochloride and activated carbon. It is shown that the advantages of using the sorption method using thermally expanded graphite are based on the high efficiency of oil extraction from water bodies and multiple regeneration of the spent sorbent.
{"title":"Alternative Ways of Extracting Oil from Water Bodies","authors":"Tetyana Shabliy, Olena Ivanenko, Marta Vozniuk, Oleksandr Snigur, Olexei Kozhan, Yuliia Nosachova","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171500","url":null,"abstract":"The article compares the use of sorption and sorption-coagulation methods for cleaning fresh and mineralized oil-containing waters. The sorbents used are thermally expanded graphite obtained by heat treatment of graphite bisulfate in a boiling layer, and activated carbon of BAU-A grade, which is widely used for purification of liquid media from oils and oil products. As an alternative to the sorption method, research was conducted on the application of the sorption-coagulation method with the simultaneous use of aluminum-containing coagulants: aluminum sulfate and aluminum hydroxochloride and activated carbon. It is shown that the advantages of using the sorption method using thermally expanded graphite are based on the high efficiency of oil extraction from water bodies and multiple regeneration of the spent sorbent.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/170290
Marta Vozniuk, Tetyana Shabliy, Mykola Gomelya, Ludmila Sirenko, Dmytro Sidorov
In this work, the processes of purification of oily waters using magnetites were investigated: magnetite synthesized according to the classical method and magnetites modified with hydrophobizing agents (sulfonol or alkylimid - azolin). It was shown that magnetite modified with alkylimidazolin in doses of 50–200 mg/dm 3 provides a high degree of oil removal from waters of various mineralization. The degree of water purification reaches 97.5–99.8%. Sulfonol-modified magnetite shows greater efficiency than conventional magnetite only at high concentrations (200 mg/dm 3 ) and only in fresh water. Three hours is enough to ensure the maximum degree of purification of water-oil solutions. Changing the amount of hydrophobizing agent (alkylimidazolin) during the synthesis of magnetite reduces the effect of pH on the purification of both fresh and mineralized waters.
{"title":"Magnetosorption Purification of Water from Petroleum Products","authors":"Marta Vozniuk, Tetyana Shabliy, Mykola Gomelya, Ludmila Sirenko, Dmytro Sidorov","doi":"10.12911/22998993/170290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/170290","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the processes of purification of oily waters using magnetites were investigated: magnetite synthesized according to the classical method and magnetites modified with hydrophobizing agents (sulfonol or alkylimid - azolin). It was shown that magnetite modified with alkylimidazolin in doses of 50–200 mg/dm 3 provides a high degree of oil removal from waters of various mineralization. The degree of water purification reaches 97.5–99.8%. Sulfonol-modified magnetite shows greater efficiency than conventional magnetite only at high concentrations (200 mg/dm 3 ) and only in fresh water. Three hours is enough to ensure the maximum degree of purification of water-oil solutions. Changing the amount of hydrophobizing agent (alkylimidazolin) during the synthesis of magnetite reduces the effect of pH on the purification of both fresh and mineralized waters.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is a matter of considerable global importance, as evidenced by the increased urban surface temperatures in developed and undeveloped areas. Hence, this study aims to analyze the threshold and index of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon within the urban region of Bima City, located in Indonesia. The study was undertaken by utilizing sequential data from 2016, 2019, and 2022 obtained from the Google Earth Engine portal. The analysis focused on the assessment of UHI by examining land surface temperature (LST), normalized differ - ence vegetation index (NDVI), and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). Algorithms that operate on a single channel are employed to compute the land surface temperature. The findings indicate that the LST peaked in 2016 at 32.54 which rose to 35.08 in 2019 and increased to 39.18 in 2022. This implies a progressive rise in the LST of Bima City as time progresses. Moreover, it was observed that LST exhibited a positive correlation with the NDBI while displaying a negative correlation with the NDVI. The urban heat island phenomenon has been observed to possess the capacity to elevate ambient air temperatures in urban regions by as much as 3 when compared to suburban areas. In addition to considering both developed and undeveloped regions, it is important to acknowledge the observed changes in the UHI threshold in Bima City. Specifically, the UHI threshold has exhib - ited an upward trend, rising from 26.73 in 2016 to 29.57 in 2019 and 31.21 in 2022.
{"title":"Urban Heat Island Index Change Detection Based on Land Surface Temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and Normalized Difference Built-Up Index: A Case Study","authors":"Mas'uddin Mas'uddin, Lina Karlinasari, Setyo Pertiwi, Erizal Erizal","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171371","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a matter of considerable global importance, as evidenced by the increased urban surface temperatures in developed and undeveloped areas. Hence, this study aims to analyze the threshold and index of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon within the urban region of Bima City, located in Indonesia. The study was undertaken by utilizing sequential data from 2016, 2019, and 2022 obtained from the Google Earth Engine portal. The analysis focused on the assessment of UHI by examining land surface temperature (LST), normalized differ - ence vegetation index (NDVI), and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). Algorithms that operate on a single channel are employed to compute the land surface temperature. The findings indicate that the LST peaked in 2016 at 32.54 which rose to 35.08 in 2019 and increased to 39.18 in 2022. This implies a progressive rise in the LST of Bima City as time progresses. Moreover, it was observed that LST exhibited a positive correlation with the NDBI while displaying a negative correlation with the NDVI. The urban heat island phenomenon has been observed to possess the capacity to elevate ambient air temperatures in urban regions by as much as 3 when compared to suburban areas. In addition to considering both developed and undeveloped regions, it is important to acknowledge the observed changes in the UHI threshold in Bima City. Specifically, the UHI threshold has exhib - ited an upward trend, rising from 26.73 in 2016 to 29.57 in 2019 and 31.21 in 2022.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"353 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/171648
Liliіa Havryliuk, Iryna Beznosko, Iryna Mosiychuk, Julia Turovnik, Olga Kichigina, Tetiana Gorgan, Svetlana Mazur, Olena Bashta
The selection of cereal crops varieties as a factor in the regulation of the phytopathogenic microbiome in agroceno-ses is an actual direction of the research. Cultivation of such varieties leads to a decrease in the level of biological pollution in agrocenoses and increases the quality as well as safety of agricultural products in agroecosystems. Therefore, the influence of the environmental factors (including abiotic, biotic, anthropogenic, and other) on the for - mation of micromycete populations in the leaf microbiome of grain crops using different plant cultivation technolo - gies has been thoroughly studied earlier. The results of the selection the plant varieties by the indicators of influence on their population density, the frequency of the occurrence, and the intensity of the micromycete sporulation, were presented in this article. Vegetative organs of plants of the cereal crops (including the oats of Parliamentsky variety, Tembre variety, and spring barley Salomi and Sebastian varieties) were selected in the following phases: tillering, stem stage of growth, and earing. It was determined that using the traditional and organic technologies of plant culti-vation in the leaf microbiome of Tembre oats and Salomi variety spring barley, the population density, the frequency of the occurrence of micromycete species, and their sporulation intensity were significantly lower compared to the plants of Parliamentsky oat and Sebastian spring barley. This shows that the cultivation of the cereal crops varieties capable of restraining the formation of micromycete on an ecologically safe level will result in a decrease in the level of biological pollution of agrocenoses and increase the biosafety of plants
{"title":"Formation of the population of micromycetes in the leaf microbiome of cereal cultures using different plant cultivation technologies","authors":"Liliіa Havryliuk, Iryna Beznosko, Iryna Mosiychuk, Julia Turovnik, Olga Kichigina, Tetiana Gorgan, Svetlana Mazur, Olena Bashta","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171648","url":null,"abstract":"The selection of cereal crops varieties as a factor in the regulation of the phytopathogenic microbiome in agroceno-ses is an actual direction of the research. Cultivation of such varieties leads to a decrease in the level of biological pollution in agrocenoses and increases the quality as well as safety of agricultural products in agroecosystems. Therefore, the influence of the environmental factors (including abiotic, biotic, anthropogenic, and other) on the for - mation of micromycete populations in the leaf microbiome of grain crops using different plant cultivation technolo - gies has been thoroughly studied earlier. The results of the selection the plant varieties by the indicators of influence on their population density, the frequency of the occurrence, and the intensity of the micromycete sporulation, were presented in this article. Vegetative organs of plants of the cereal crops (including the oats of Parliamentsky variety, Tembre variety, and spring barley Salomi and Sebastian varieties) were selected in the following phases: tillering, stem stage of growth, and earing. It was determined that using the traditional and organic technologies of plant culti-vation in the leaf microbiome of Tembre oats and Salomi variety spring barley, the population density, the frequency of the occurrence of micromycete species, and their sporulation intensity were significantly lower compared to the plants of Parliamentsky oat and Sebastian spring barley. This shows that the cultivation of the cereal crops varieties capable of restraining the formation of micromycete on an ecologically safe level will result in a decrease in the level of biological pollution of agrocenoses and increase the biosafety of plants","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"5 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Morocco, the olive industry produces a large quantity of olive mill wastewater (OMW) every year for a short period (November to February). The physicochemical properties and quantities of these effluents depend largely on the extraction system used. The aim of this study is to characterize these effluents for the purpose of evaluating their impact on Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ) germination and seedling growth. For this purpose, a germination experiment was conducted, wherein 25 Fenugreek seeds were positioned on filter paper within Petri dishes. Subsequently, these seeds were subjected to varying concentrations of water sourced from two olive crushing processes: the Continuous System (OMW-CS) and the Semi-Modern System (OMW-SM) (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The Petri dishes were then placed in an incubator set at 25 °C for a duration of 8 days. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that both types of water had an acid pH and were rich in organic matter. The 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) values were similar, while the chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were quite different. Microbiological analysis revealed that yeasts and fungi were the main constituents of the flora of these wastewaters, with no significant difference between the two types of OMW. However, the total number of aerobic mesophilic flora was higher for OMW-CS than for OMW-SM. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference between OMW-CS concentrations (F = 2998.667; p <0.000) and OMW-SM (F = 2839.778; p <0.000). A minimal germination rate (30%) was recorded for OMW-CS at a concen - tration of 10%. For OMW-CS, total inhibition of germination was observed at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, while for OMW-SM, this inhibition was recorded above a concentration of 2%.
{"title":"Characterization of Two Olive Mill Wastewater and Its Effect on Fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) Germination and Seedling Growth","authors":"Ghizlane El Kafz, Essediya Cherkaoui, Fatima Benradi, Mohamed Khamar, Abderrahman Nounah","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171545","url":null,"abstract":"In Morocco, the olive industry produces a large quantity of olive mill wastewater (OMW) every year for a short period (November to February). The physicochemical properties and quantities of these effluents depend largely on the extraction system used. The aim of this study is to characterize these effluents for the purpose of evaluating their impact on Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ) germination and seedling growth. For this purpose, a germination experiment was conducted, wherein 25 Fenugreek seeds were positioned on filter paper within Petri dishes. Subsequently, these seeds were subjected to varying concentrations of water sourced from two olive crushing processes: the Continuous System (OMW-CS) and the Semi-Modern System (OMW-SM) (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The Petri dishes were then placed in an incubator set at 25 °C for a duration of 8 days. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that both types of water had an acid pH and were rich in organic matter. The 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) values were similar, while the chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were quite different. Microbiological analysis revealed that yeasts and fungi were the main constituents of the flora of these wastewaters, with no significant difference between the two types of OMW. However, the total number of aerobic mesophilic flora was higher for OMW-CS than for OMW-SM. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference between OMW-CS concentrations (F = 2998.667; p <0.000) and OMW-SM (F = 2839.778; p <0.000). A minimal germination rate (30%) was recorded for OMW-CS at a concen - tration of 10%. For OMW-CS, total inhibition of germination was observed at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, while for OMW-SM, this inhibition was recorded above a concentration of 2%.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"5 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/171525
Thaynara Lorrayne de Oliveira, Juliana Miranda Bacelar, Francisco Javier Cuba Teran, Renata Medici Frayne Cuba, Victor Hugo Souza Florentino Porto
Microplastics are emerging pollutants, formed through weathering, with sizes equal to or smaller than 5 mm. They can reach surface and groundwater sources, as well as oceans and seas through natural pathways or from the discharge of liquid effluents, causing immeasurable effects on human beings. This study aimed to evaluate the optimal conditions for the removal of polyethylene (PE) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) microplastics through coagulation and flocculation processes using aluminum sulfate. To achieve this goal, two 2² full factorial designs were employed, including two replicates at the central points. The sizes of the microplastics were fixed at 0.6 mm and 0.9 mm for PE and EPS, respectively. The selected independent variables were Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH. The experiments were conducted considering rapid mixing parameters (400 rpm for 1 min), slow mixing (100 rpm for 15 min), and sedimentation (30 min), with a velocity of 0.1 cm·min – ¹ in the Jar Test. Turbidity determination was applied to quantify the remaining microplastics. Consequently, it was observed that the highest efficiency occurred for PE microplastics at 4.25 mg·L – ¹ of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH 5, and for EPS microplastics at 6.00 mg·L – ¹ of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH 4, resulting in removal rates of 96.81% and 96.30% and turbidity levels of 0.38 and 0.50 NTU, respectively. The removal efficiencies of microplastics were similar, with a decrease at pH 6 for both, as low ionic strength prevents the release of H + ions.
{"title":"Chemical Coagulation Applied for the Removal of Polyethylene and Expanded Polystyrene Microplastics","authors":"Thaynara Lorrayne de Oliveira, Juliana Miranda Bacelar, Francisco Javier Cuba Teran, Renata Medici Frayne Cuba, Victor Hugo Souza Florentino Porto","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171525","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics are emerging pollutants, formed through weathering, with sizes equal to or smaller than 5 mm. They can reach surface and groundwater sources, as well as oceans and seas through natural pathways or from the discharge of liquid effluents, causing immeasurable effects on human beings. This study aimed to evaluate the optimal conditions for the removal of polyethylene (PE) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) microplastics through coagulation and flocculation processes using aluminum sulfate. To achieve this goal, two 2² full factorial designs were employed, including two replicates at the central points. The sizes of the microplastics were fixed at 0.6 mm and 0.9 mm for PE and EPS, respectively. The selected independent variables were Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH. The experiments were conducted considering rapid mixing parameters (400 rpm for 1 min), slow mixing (100 rpm for 15 min), and sedimentation (30 min), with a velocity of 0.1 cm·min – ¹ in the Jar Test. Turbidity determination was applied to quantify the remaining microplastics. Consequently, it was observed that the highest efficiency occurred for PE microplastics at 4.25 mg·L – ¹ of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH 5, and for EPS microplastics at 6.00 mg·L – ¹ of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and pH 4, resulting in removal rates of 96.81% and 96.30% and turbidity levels of 0.38 and 0.50 NTU, respectively. The removal efficiencies of microplastics were similar, with a decrease at pH 6 for both, as low ionic strength prevents the release of H + ions.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the urgent problems of improving the quality of road surfaces is to improve the properties of bitumen used as binders. For this purpose, various modifiers are used, which are mainly obtained synthetically. Modification of bitumen with natural raw materials is favorable from an economic and environmental points of view. The modification of road oil bitumen with samples of shungite from the Koksu deposit (Kazakhstan) was carried out in the work. The shungite samples were previously crushed by mechanochemical activation to improve their surface and adhesive properties. As a result of modification with shungite, an increase in the softening temperature and a decrease in the extensibility and penetration of bitumen were observed. The optimal amount of added shungite turned out to be 1 mass %. The shungite of carbonate origin on a mineral basis is more favorable as a modifier compared to samples of shale origin.
{"title":"Mechanochemically Activated Shungite as an Additive to Improve Bitumen Characteristics","authors":"Ainur Zhambolova, Yerdos Ongarbayev, Aliya Kenzhegaliyeva, Dinmukhamed Abdikhan","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171563","url":null,"abstract":"One of the urgent problems of improving the quality of road surfaces is to improve the properties of bitumen used as binders. For this purpose, various modifiers are used, which are mainly obtained synthetically. Modification of bitumen with natural raw materials is favorable from an economic and environmental points of view. The modification of road oil bitumen with samples of shungite from the Koksu deposit (Kazakhstan) was carried out in the work. The shungite samples were previously crushed by mechanochemical activation to improve their surface and adhesive properties. As a result of modification with shungite, an increase in the softening temperature and a decrease in the extensibility and penetration of bitumen were observed. The optimal amount of added shungite turned out to be 1 mass %. The shungite of carbonate origin on a mineral basis is more favorable as a modifier compared to samples of shale origin.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"5 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to investigate the development of a technology for the extraction of niobium pentaoxide and ammonium sulfate from titanium-magnesium production waste, specifically, the sublimates of dust chamber into concentrate in the form of niobium pentoxide. Optimal conditions for washing the niobium hydroxide precipitate by repulpation with hot (60–70°C) distilled water, drying at 200°C for 6 hours were determined. The influence of temperature and duration of the process was studied. Optimal conditions for the dynamic desorption of niobium from saturated ionite (Purolite A100) was determined. The results further indicated that the optimum quantity of the solution of desorption with sulfuric acid was equal to 5.5% and ammonium oxalate was equal to 4%, while temperature and the flow rate of the desorbing solution was 22–27°C and 6 rpm, respectively. The study of the precipitation of niobium from sulfuric acid desorbates showed that the interaction of niobium ions with ammonia takes place at a low rate. The degree of precipitation of niobium hydroxide equal to 99.6% was achieved in 7 hours of agitation of the suspension at a temperature of 22–25°C.
{"title":"Recovery of niobium pentaoxide and ammonium sulfate from titanium-magnesium production waste","authors":"Almagul Ultarakova, Nina Lokhova, Zaure Karshyga, Azamat Toishybek, Azamat Yessengaziyev, Kaisar Kassymzhanov, Arailym Mukangaliyeva","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171647","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the development of a technology for the extraction of niobium pentaoxide and ammonium sulfate from titanium-magnesium production waste, specifically, the sublimates of dust chamber into concentrate in the form of niobium pentoxide. Optimal conditions for washing the niobium hydroxide precipitate by repulpation with hot (60–70°C) distilled water, drying at 200°C for 6 hours were determined. The influence of temperature and duration of the process was studied. Optimal conditions for the dynamic desorption of niobium from saturated ionite (Purolite A100) was determined. The results further indicated that the optimum quantity of the solution of desorption with sulfuric acid was equal to 5.5% and ammonium oxalate was equal to 4%, while temperature and the flow rate of the desorbing solution was 22–27°C and 6 rpm, respectively. The study of the precipitation of niobium from sulfuric acid desorbates showed that the interaction of niobium ions with ammonia takes place at a low rate. The degree of precipitation of niobium hydroxide equal to 99.6% was achieved in 7 hours of agitation of the suspension at a temperature of 22–25°C.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/170994
Novirina Hendrasarie Novirina, F I Zarfandi Zarfandi
Coconut fiber waste has the potential to become a value-added product as a biofilm media and an adsorbent. The addition of biofilm media and adsorbent is important because it reduces the amount of sludge produced in wastewater. Furthermore, the quality of wastewater produced by the Integrated Anoxic-Oxic Sequencing Batch Reactor (IASBR)process with the addition of biofilm media and adsorbents can be used as clean water. The waste - water used comes from apartment wastewater. The Integrated Anoxic-Oxic Sequencing Batch Reactor was used to determine the optimal anoxic-aerobic processing time in a tropical climate. The study will further compare the efficiency of the two by using discarded coconut fiber as an additional adsorbent and biofilm media. The optimal adsorbent dose and weight of waste coconut fiber, as well as hydraulic retention time optimization, were all exam - ined. As a result, clean water was discovered to be the primary product after the addition of adsorbent and biofilm media made from waste coconut fiber.
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