Journal of Environmental Economics and Management最新文献

英文中文

Effect of the interplay between comparative feedback and beliefs on climate change mitigation efforts 比较反馈和信念之间的相互作用对减缓气候变化努力的影响

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103213

Valeria Fanghella , Joachim Schleich

We examine the causal effect of comparative feedback (information on how an individual's carbon footprint compares to others') on costly mitigation efforts, considering beliefs in one's relative carbon footprint as a source of heterogeneity. Using a nationally representative survey experiment, we calculate respondents' carbon footprints and elicit their beliefs about their relative carbon footprint via an incentivized task. A randomly selected subset of respondents then receives comparative feedback. We measure mitigation efforts using an incentivized modified dictator game. Our results show that two-thirds of the respondents are subject to optimistic bias, i.e., underestimate their relative carbon footprints. While we find no effect of comparative feedback on average, its effect varies by respondents' relative carbon footprints and the direction of the bias. Respondents for whom comparative feedback conveys a positive signal of their prosociality—because they learn that their relative carbon footprints are small, smaller than they believed, or both—reinforce their mitigation efforts. Respondents for whom comparative feedback conveys a negative signal of their prosociality reduce or do not change their mitigation efforts. These contrasting responses result in a “divergence from the mean”, deviating from the “regression towards the mean” typically observed in studies of social norms and pro-environmental behavior.

考虑到对一个人的相对碳足迹的信念是异质性的来源，我们研究了比较反馈（关于个人碳足迹与其他人如何比较的信息）对代价高昂的减缓努力的因果影响。通过一项具有全国代表性的调查实验，我们计算了受访者的碳足迹，并通过激励任务引出了他们对自己相对碳足迹的看法。然后，随机选择的受访者子集收到比较反馈。我们使用一个受激励的修改的独裁者游戏来衡量缓解努力。我们的研究结果表明，三分之二的受访者存在乐观偏见，即低估了他们的相对碳足迹。虽然我们发现比较反馈平均没有影响，但其影响因受访者的相对碳足迹和偏差方向而异。对于那些比较反馈传达了他们亲社会的积极信号的答复者——因为他们了解到他们的相对碳足迹很小，比他们认为的要小，或者两者兼有——加强了他们的缓解努力。对其比较反馈传达了亲社会的负面信号的答复者减少或不改变其缓解努力。这些对比鲜明的反应导致了“偏离均值”，偏离了在社会规范和亲环境行为研究中典型观察到的“向均值回归”。

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引用次数: 0

Heat and experienced racial segregation 并经历了种族隔离

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103210

Till Baldenius , Hannah Klauber , Nicolas Koch

Racial segregation remains a persistent social challenge in cities worldwide. While public spaces promote diverse encounters, recent research suggests that extreme temperatures influence how much time individuals spend in these places. We evaluate whether such behavioral responses affect racial segregation, highlighting a previously unexplored channel between global warming and social welfare. Using mobile phone data on movement patterns to millions of locations in 315 US cities between 2018 and 2020, we estimate an index of experienced segregation in visits to different destinations between whites and other ethnic groups. We then exploit week-to-week variation in temperatures and the segregation index within cities to show that heat increases segregation, especially among individuals from lower-income areas and at places for leisure activities. A week with average maximum temperatures of 33

^{\circ}

C in a city with moderate baseline segregation like Los Angeles moves the experienced segregation about 14 % closer to the level prevailing in the more segregated city of Atlanta. Climate projections demonstrate that mitigation policies can have significant co-benefits in cushioning future increases in racial segregation.

种族隔离仍然是世界各地城市持续存在的社会挑战。虽然公共空间促进了不同的相遇，但最近的研究表明，极端温度会影响人们在这些地方呆的时间。我们评估了这种行为反应是否会影响种族隔离，强调了全球变暖和社会福利之间以前未被探索的渠道。利用2018年至2020年期间美国315个城市数百万个地点的移动数据，我们估计了白人和其他种族群体在不同目的地旅行时经历的隔离指数。然后，我们利用城市内每周的温度变化和隔离指数来表明，高温加剧了隔离，特别是在低收入地区和休闲活动场所的个人之间。在洛杉矶这样一个有适度种族隔离基线的城市，一周的平均最高气温为33°C，这使经历过种族隔离的人更接近种族隔离程度更高的亚特兰大。气候预测表明，缓解政策在缓解未来种族隔离加剧方面可产生显著的协同效益。

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引用次数: 0

How to boost countries’ climate ambitions: Turning gains from emissions trading into gains for climate 如何提升各国的气候雄心：将排放交易的收益转化为气候收益

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103204

Christoph Böhringer, Carsten Helm, Laura Schürer

The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement fall short of the emissions reductions needed to reach the 2

^{\circ}

C target. Emissions trading could be a “costless" means to reduce this gap if countries used their cost savings for additional emissions abatement. However, this requires cooperative behavior. We show that with emissions trading countries’ non-cooperative choices of emissions reduction contributions can lead to even more abatement, provided that these contributions may not be lower than their initial NDCs. Intuitively, countries with high climate damages raise their contributions if they can fulfill them partly through emissions reductions in countries with low abatement costs.

《巴黎协定》下的国家自主贡献（NDCs）不足以达到2°C的减排目标。如果各国将节省下来的成本用于额外的减排，排放交易可能是一种“无成本”的手段，可以缩小这一差距。然而，这需要合作行为。我们的研究表明，在碳排放交易国家的非合作减排贡献选择下，如果这些贡献可能不低于其最初的国家自主贡献，则可能导致更多的减排。从直觉上看，如果气候损失高的国家能够部分通过减排成本低的国家的减排来实现，那么它们就会提高自己的贡献。

引用次数: 0

Environmental health risks, welfare and GDP 环境健康风险、福利和国内生产总值

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103206

Edward B. Barbier , Angela Cindy Emefa Mensah

A seemingly overlooked impact on economic well-being is rising health risks attributed to the environment, which are impacting welfare worldwide. We modify the consumption-equivalent macroeconomic welfare measure developed by Jones and Klenow (2016) to include the impacts of these risks on life expectancy and the utility flow of the average individual. Employing the Global Burden of Disease dataset of environmentally related mortality and morbidity across 163 countries over 1990–2019, we compare welfare with and without environmental health risks to GDP per capita for each country relative to the United States. In addition, we examine the extent to which welfare in rich and poor countries converge. Across all 163 countries over 1990–2019, adjusting welfare for environmental health risks is significant when compared to income (GDP) per capita or to welfare that excludes these risks. This divergence in welfare is especially prominent among low and lower middle-income countries.

对经济福祉的一个似乎被忽视的影响是环境导致的健康风险上升，这正在影响全世界的福利。我们修改了Jones和Klenow（2016）开发的消费等效宏观经济福利指标，以包括这些风险对预期寿命和平均个人效用流的影响。利用1990年至2019年163个国家环境相关死亡率和发病率的全球疾病负担数据集，我们比较了每个国家与美国相比，有和没有环境健康风险的福利对人均GDP的影响。此外，我们还研究了富国和穷国福利趋同的程度。在1990年至2019年期间，与人均收入（GDP）或排除这些风险的福利相比，在所有163个国家中，根据环境健康风险调整福利具有重要意义。这种福利差异在低收入和中低收入国家尤为突出。

引用次数: 0

Intra-firm pollution leakage and redistribution of pollution exposure: Evidence from coal-regulated plants in China 企业内部污染泄漏与污染暴露的再分配：来自中国燃煤电厂的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103205

Wentao Jia , Chunbo Ma , Xiao Wang , Rui Xie

This paper examines the intra-firm pollution leakage and its distributional consequences on ambient PM2.5 induced by the Top 1000 energy conservation program on industrial plants in China. Using a combined data on plant-level pollution emissions, ambient PM2.5 concentration, and business ownership networks from 2001 to 2010, we identify the causal effects of the program on air pollution emissions by the plants and PM2.5 concentration in local neighborhoods affected by the emissions using a difference-in-differences strategy. The paper has two main findings. First, regulation-induced production transfer results in a leakage of 27 % in sulfur dioxide and coarse dust emissions from program-regulated plants to their affiliate plants. Second, the leakage shifts up PM2.5 near affiliate plants and results in a re-distribution of PM2.5 exposure towards socially disadvantaged rural neighborhoods where the affiliates are located in. These neighborhoods exhibit greater vulnerability due to less developed medical services and low health insurance coverage. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that the leakage in pollution leads to a disproportionately higher leakage in health costs.

本文研究了中国工业企业节能1000强项目导致的企业内部污染泄漏及其对环境PM2.5的分布影响。利用2001年至2010年工厂级污染排放、环境PM2.5浓度和企业所有权网络的综合数据，我们使用差中差策略确定了该计划对工厂空气污染排放和受排放影响的当地社区PM2.5浓度的因果关系。这篇论文有两个主要发现。首先，法规诱导的生产转移导致27% %的二氧化硫和粗粉尘排放从计划监管的工厂泄漏到其附属工厂。其次，泄漏会使附属工厂附近的PM2.5上升，并导致PM2.5暴露重新分布到附属工厂所在的社会弱势农村社区。由于医疗服务欠发达和医疗保险覆盖率低，这些社区表现出更大的脆弱性。粗略的计算表明，污染的泄漏导致了不成比例的更高的医疗成本泄漏。

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引用次数: 0

Real-time emissions data disclosure of Waste-to-Energy incineration plants and public risk perceptions: Evidence from the housing market 垃圾焚烧发电厂实时排放数据披露与公众风险认知：来自房地产市场的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103207

Rong Nie , Juliana Carneiro , Jinbo Song , Yueming Qiu

This paper examines the effect of real-time corporate emissions data disclosure on housing markets, leveraging China’s 2017 “Installing, Erecting, and Networking” (IEN) policy as a quasi-natural experiment. Using a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) analysis on over 35,000 housing transactions near 13 Waste-to-Energy (WtE) incineration plants, we find that the real-time emissions data disclosure significantly attenuates the housing price gradient by approximately 34.7%. This attenuation corresponds to an economic gain equivalent to around 39% of an urban resident’s annual disposable income, reflecting a substantial reduction in residents’ perceived environmental risks. Event study analysis demonstrates that the housing market response emerges rapidly after the introduction of real-time disclosure and remains persistent thereafter. Further heterogeneity analyses indicate that the positive effects of the disclosure are more pronounced in urban areas and are stronger near plants that operate in compliance with emission standards, employ advanced flue gas abatement technologies, and have smaller treatment capacities. Our findings underscore the novel role of real-time emissions data disclosure in mitigating environmental risk perceptions, offering key policy implications for enhancing public acceptance of potentially controversial environmental infrastructure.

本文利用中国2017年的“安装、架设和联网”政策作为准自然实验，考察了企业实时排放数据披露对房地产市场的影响。通过对13家垃圾焚烧发电厂附近的3.5万多笔住房交易进行差异中差异（DDD）分析，我们发现实时排放数据披露显著减弱了房价梯度，降幅约为34.7%。这种衰减对应的经济收益相当于城市居民年可支配收入的39%左右，反映了居民感知环境风险的大幅降低。事件研究分析表明，房地产市场的反应在引入实时信息披露后迅速出现，并在此后持续存在。进一步的异质性分析表明，披露的积极影响在城市地区更为明显，在符合排放标准、采用先进的烟气减排技术、处理能力较小的工厂附近更为明显。我们的研究结果强调了实时排放数据披露在减轻环境风险认知方面的新作用，为提高公众对可能存在争议的环境基础设施的接受程度提供了关键的政策启示。

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引用次数: 0

Private sector promotion of agricultural technologies: Experimental evidence from Nigeria 私营部门促进农业技术：来自尼日利亚的实验证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103201

Lenis Saweda O Liverpool-Tasie , Andrew Dillon , Jeffrey R. Bloem , Guigonan Serge Adjognon

Private sector agricultural businesses are critical for scaling new and potentially environmentally-friendly technologies, though much attention has focused on public agricultural investment. Working with a private firm, we conduct an experiment testing the effectiveness of alternative marketing strategies for promoting the adoption of urea super granule fertilizer (USG) among rice farmers in Nigeria. We disentangle the effects of price discount vouchers and the firm’s standard marketing package. We find that the firm’s standard marketing increases the adoption of USG fertilizer by 24 percentage points while reducing prilled urea utilization by 17 percentage points. Discount vouchers increase adoption of USG by an additional eight percentage points, but are not profitable for the firm. Although the adoption of USG leads to substantial environmental benefits by reducing nitrogen loss, farmer rice yields did not increase. Thus, despite the potential public benefits, private incentives facing firms and farmers are insufficient to drive scaling after a one-year intervention.

私营农业企业对于推广可能对环境友好的新技术至关重要，尽管公共农业投资已成为人们关注的焦点。我们与一家私营公司合作，开展了一项试验，测试尼日利亚稻农推广尿素超颗粒肥料（USG）的替代营销策略的有效性。我们将价格折扣券和公司标准营销方案的影响分开。我们发现，该公司的标准营销增加了USG肥料的采用24个百分点，同时减少了颗粒尿素的利用率17个百分点。折扣券使USG的采用率增加了8个百分点，但对公司来说并没有盈利。虽然USG的采用减少了氮素的损失，带来了可观的环境效益，但农民的水稻产量并没有增加。因此，尽管有潜在的公共利益，但企业和农民面临的私人激励不足以在一年的干预后推动规模扩大。

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引用次数: 0

Fishing bans in Chinese waters: Effectiveness and spillovers 中国海域禁渔：有效性和溢出效应

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103202

Haishan Yuan

China’s large-scale seasonal fishing bans aim to promote sustainable fisheries, yet their effectiveness remains uncertain given the challenges of monitoring vast ocean areas. Using a novel dataset of nighttime vessel detections and a regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) design, we find that the bans reduce boat detections within China’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by 72 %, with a sharp increase upon lifting. Boat detections also decline in neighboring EEZs at the start of China’s bans, indicating regulatory spillovers. Data from AIS-equipped vessels reveal that Chinese boats operate in neighboring EEZs, while foreign vessels fish in the Chinese EEZ. Compliance weakens in the later stages of the bans, with more boats detected in areas with favorable conditions. My findings suggest that command-and-control approaches can be effective for fishery management in contexts where market-based alternatives may not be practical. The results also underscore the importance of addressing regulatory spillovers and strengthening complementary enforcement.

中国的大规模季节性捕捞禁令旨在促进可持续渔业，但鉴于监测广阔海域的挑战，其有效性仍不确定。利用夜间船只检测的新数据集和时间上的回归不连续（RDiT）设计，我们发现禁令使中国专属经济区（EEZ）内的船只检测减少了72% %，并在解除后急剧增加。在中国实施禁令之初，邻近专属经济区的船只检测数量也有所下降，这表明监管的溢出效应。装备ais的船只的数据显示，中国船只在邻近的专属经济区作业，而外国船只在中国专属经济区捕鱼。在禁令的后期阶段，在条件有利的地区发现更多的船只，遵守情况减弱。我的研究结果表明，在基于市场的替代方案可能不实际的情况下，命令和控制方法对渔业管理是有效的。结果还强调了解决监管溢出效应和加强互补执法的重要性。

引用次数: 0

The impact of air pollution on mental health: Evidence from Texas 空气污染对心理健康的影响：来自德克萨斯州的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103198

Kodjo Barnor

I estimate the impact of air pollution on mental health employing a comprehensive population-level outpatient diagnosis dataset and a quasi-experimental design. This study uses wind direction as an instrumental variable (IV) to address endogeneity concerns associated with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), ensuring a robust analysis of mental health outcomes. The results indicate that a 1

μ {g/m}^{3}

increase in PM_2.5 concentration leads to a significant increase in principal diagnoses for mental health illness in general, and specifically depression, anxiety, and stress, by 9.6, 5.3, 2.6, and 1.7 cases per 100,000 individuals, respectively. In addition, the study highlights sex-specific effects, with women more susceptible to stress and men more affected by anxiety. The findings suggest that principal diagnoses are particularly sensitive to increases in PM_2.5 exposure. These results provide valuable insights for the development of public health strategies addressing the environmental determinants of mental health, particularly as air pollution levels continue to rise. In conclusion, this study presents strong empirical evidence linking PM_2.5 exposure to increased mental health diagnoses, underscoring the need to consider mental health when designing policies to address air pollution.

我估计空气污染对心理健康的影响采用全面的人口水平门诊诊断数据集和准实验设计。本研究使用风向作为工具变量（IV）来解决与细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露相关的内生性问题，确保对精神健康结果进行强有力的分析。结果表明，PM2.5浓度每增加1 μg/m3，一般心理健康疾病，特别是抑郁症、焦虑和压力的主要诊断分别增加9.6例、5.3例、2.6例和1.7例/ 10万人。此外，该研究还强调了性别差异的影响，女性更容易受到压力的影响，而男性更容易受到焦虑的影响。研究结果表明，主要诊断对PM2.5暴露量的增加特别敏感。这些结果为制定解决心理健康的环境决定因素的公共卫生战略提供了宝贵的见解，特别是在空气污染水平持续上升的情况下。总之，本研究提供了强有力的经验证据，证明PM2.5暴露与心理健康诊断的增加有关，强调了在制定解决空气污染的政策时考虑心理健康的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Magnitude and decomposition of the solar rebound: Evidence from Swiss households 太阳能反弹的幅度和分解：来自瑞士家庭的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103194

Patrick Bigler

This paper examines rebound effects in electricity consumption induced by solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption using detailed panel data of 58,104 single-family home residents (2008–2019) in Switzerland. I find that solar PV adoption increases a household’s electricity consumption by approximately 8 %–11 %, depending on specification. Part of this increase is driven by households switching to electric technologies, such as electric vehicles, as shown by a decomposition of the rebound effect using machine learning predicted counterfactual consumption. The solar rebound effect is mainly driven by a subsample of households that install relatively large installations and substantially adjust their consumption patterns. In contrast, more price-sensitive consumers and households that co-adopt battery storage show smaller increases in electricity usage. These findings have important implications for the evaluation of solar PV subsidies, the planning of future energy system capacity, as well as the environmental implications of solar rebound effects.

本文利用瑞士58104户单户家庭居民（2008-2019）的详细面板数据，研究了太阳能光伏（PV）采用对用电量的反弹效应。我发现太阳能光伏的采用使家庭用电量增加了大约8 % -11 %，具体取决于规格。这一增长的部分原因是家庭转向电动汽车等电动技术，正如使用机器学习预测反事实消费的反弹效应分解所显示的那样。太阳能反弹效应主要是由安装相对较大装置并大幅调整其消费模式的家庭的子样本驱动的。相比之下，对价格更敏感的消费者和共同采用电池存储的家庭的用电量增长较小。这些发现对太阳能光伏补贴的评估、未来能源系统容量的规划以及太阳能反弹效应的环境影响具有重要意义。

引用次数: 0

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