Journal of Environmental Economics and Management最新文献

英文中文

Intra-firm pollution leakage and redistribution of pollution exposure: Evidence from coal-regulated plants in China 企业内部污染泄漏与污染暴露的再分配：来自中国燃煤电厂的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103205

Wentao Jia , Chunbo Ma , Xiao Wang , Rui Xie

This paper examines the intra-firm pollution leakage and its distributional consequences on ambient PM2.5 induced by the Top 1000 energy conservation program on industrial plants in China. Using a combined data on plant-level pollution emissions, ambient PM2.5 concentration, and business ownership networks from 2001 to 2010, we identify the causal effects of the program on air pollution emissions by the plants and PM2.5 concentration in local neighborhoods affected by the emissions using a difference-in-differences strategy. The paper has two main findings. First, regulation-induced production transfer results in a leakage of 27 % in sulfur dioxide and coarse dust emissions from program-regulated plants to their affiliate plants. Second, the leakage shifts up PM2.5 near affiliate plants and results in a re-distribution of PM2.5 exposure towards socially disadvantaged rural neighborhoods where the affiliates are located in. These neighborhoods exhibit greater vulnerability due to less developed medical services and low health insurance coverage. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that the leakage in pollution leads to a disproportionately higher leakage in health costs.

本文研究了中国工业企业节能1000强项目导致的企业内部污染泄漏及其对环境PM2.5的分布影响。利用2001年至2010年工厂级污染排放、环境PM2.5浓度和企业所有权网络的综合数据，我们使用差中差策略确定了该计划对工厂空气污染排放和受排放影响的当地社区PM2.5浓度的因果关系。这篇论文有两个主要发现。首先，法规诱导的生产转移导致27% %的二氧化硫和粗粉尘排放从计划监管的工厂泄漏到其附属工厂。其次，泄漏会使附属工厂附近的PM2.5上升，并导致PM2.5暴露重新分布到附属工厂所在的社会弱势农村社区。由于医疗服务欠发达和医疗保险覆盖率低，这些社区表现出更大的脆弱性。粗略的计算表明，污染的泄漏导致了不成比例的更高的医疗成本泄漏。

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引用次数: 0

Real-time emissions data disclosure of Waste-to-Energy incineration plants and public risk perceptions: Evidence from the housing market 垃圾焚烧发电厂实时排放数据披露与公众风险认知：来自房地产市场的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103207

Rong Nie , Juliana Carneiro , Jinbo Song , Yueming Qiu

This paper examines the effect of real-time corporate emissions data disclosure on housing markets, leveraging China’s 2017 “Installing, Erecting, and Networking” (IEN) policy as a quasi-natural experiment. Using a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) analysis on over 35,000 housing transactions near 13 Waste-to-Energy (WtE) incineration plants, we find that the real-time emissions data disclosure significantly attenuates the housing price gradient by approximately 34.7%. This attenuation corresponds to an economic gain equivalent to around 39% of an urban resident’s annual disposable income, reflecting a substantial reduction in residents’ perceived environmental risks. Event study analysis demonstrates that the housing market response emerges rapidly after the introduction of real-time disclosure and remains persistent thereafter. Further heterogeneity analyses indicate that the positive effects of the disclosure are more pronounced in urban areas and are stronger near plants that operate in compliance with emission standards, employ advanced flue gas abatement technologies, and have smaller treatment capacities. Our findings underscore the novel role of real-time emissions data disclosure in mitigating environmental risk perceptions, offering key policy implications for enhancing public acceptance of potentially controversial environmental infrastructure.

本文利用中国2017年的“安装、架设和联网”政策作为准自然实验，考察了企业实时排放数据披露对房地产市场的影响。通过对13家垃圾焚烧发电厂附近的3.5万多笔住房交易进行差异中差异（DDD）分析，我们发现实时排放数据披露显著减弱了房价梯度，降幅约为34.7%。这种衰减对应的经济收益相当于城市居民年可支配收入的39%左右，反映了居民感知环境风险的大幅降低。事件研究分析表明，房地产市场的反应在引入实时信息披露后迅速出现，并在此后持续存在。进一步的异质性分析表明，披露的积极影响在城市地区更为明显，在符合排放标准、采用先进的烟气减排技术、处理能力较小的工厂附近更为明显。我们的研究结果强调了实时排放数据披露在减轻环境风险认知方面的新作用，为提高公众对可能存在争议的环境基础设施的接受程度提供了关键的政策启示。

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引用次数: 0

Private sector promotion of agricultural technologies: Experimental evidence from Nigeria 私营部门促进农业技术：来自尼日利亚的实验证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103201

Lenis Saweda O Liverpool-Tasie , Andrew Dillon , Jeffrey R. Bloem , Guigonan Serge Adjognon

Private sector agricultural businesses are critical for scaling new and potentially environmentally-friendly technologies, though much attention has focused on public agricultural investment. Working with a private firm, we conduct an experiment testing the effectiveness of alternative marketing strategies for promoting the adoption of urea super granule fertilizer (USG) among rice farmers in Nigeria. We disentangle the effects of price discount vouchers and the firm’s standard marketing package. We find that the firm’s standard marketing increases the adoption of USG fertilizer by 24 percentage points while reducing prilled urea utilization by 17 percentage points. Discount vouchers increase adoption of USG by an additional eight percentage points, but are not profitable for the firm. Although the adoption of USG leads to substantial environmental benefits by reducing nitrogen loss, farmer rice yields did not increase. Thus, despite the potential public benefits, private incentives facing firms and farmers are insufficient to drive scaling after a one-year intervention.

私营农业企业对于推广可能对环境友好的新技术至关重要，尽管公共农业投资已成为人们关注的焦点。我们与一家私营公司合作，开展了一项试验，测试尼日利亚稻农推广尿素超颗粒肥料（USG）的替代营销策略的有效性。我们将价格折扣券和公司标准营销方案的影响分开。我们发现，该公司的标准营销增加了USG肥料的采用24个百分点，同时减少了颗粒尿素的利用率17个百分点。折扣券使USG的采用率增加了8个百分点，但对公司来说并没有盈利。虽然USG的采用减少了氮素的损失，带来了可观的环境效益，但农民的水稻产量并没有增加。因此，尽管有潜在的公共利益，但企业和农民面临的私人激励不足以在一年的干预后推动规模扩大。

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引用次数: 0

Fishing bans in Chinese waters: Effectiveness and spillovers 中国海域禁渔：有效性和溢出效应

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103202

Haishan Yuan

China’s large-scale seasonal fishing bans aim to promote sustainable fisheries, yet their effectiveness remains uncertain given the challenges of monitoring vast ocean areas. Using a novel dataset of nighttime vessel detections and a regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) design, we find that the bans reduce boat detections within China’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by 72 %, with a sharp increase upon lifting. Boat detections also decline in neighboring EEZs at the start of China’s bans, indicating regulatory spillovers. Data from AIS-equipped vessels reveal that Chinese boats operate in neighboring EEZs, while foreign vessels fish in the Chinese EEZ. Compliance weakens in the later stages of the bans, with more boats detected in areas with favorable conditions. My findings suggest that command-and-control approaches can be effective for fishery management in contexts where market-based alternatives may not be practical. The results also underscore the importance of addressing regulatory spillovers and strengthening complementary enforcement.

中国的大规模季节性捕捞禁令旨在促进可持续渔业，但鉴于监测广阔海域的挑战，其有效性仍不确定。利用夜间船只检测的新数据集和时间上的回归不连续（RDiT）设计，我们发现禁令使中国专属经济区（EEZ）内的船只检测减少了72% %，并在解除后急剧增加。在中国实施禁令之初，邻近专属经济区的船只检测数量也有所下降，这表明监管的溢出效应。装备ais的船只的数据显示，中国船只在邻近的专属经济区作业，而外国船只在中国专属经济区捕鱼。在禁令的后期阶段，在条件有利的地区发现更多的船只，遵守情况减弱。我的研究结果表明，在基于市场的替代方案可能不实际的情况下，命令和控制方法对渔业管理是有效的。结果还强调了解决监管溢出效应和加强互补执法的重要性。

引用次数: 0

The impact of air pollution on mental health: Evidence from Texas 空气污染对心理健康的影响：来自德克萨斯州的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103198

Kodjo Barnor

I estimate the impact of air pollution on mental health employing a comprehensive population-level outpatient diagnosis dataset and a quasi-experimental design. This study uses wind direction as an instrumental variable (IV) to address endogeneity concerns associated with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), ensuring a robust analysis of mental health outcomes. The results indicate that a 1

μ {g/m}^{3}

increase in PM_2.5 concentration leads to a significant increase in principal diagnoses for mental health illness in general, and specifically depression, anxiety, and stress, by 9.6, 5.3, 2.6, and 1.7 cases per 100,000 individuals, respectively. In addition, the study highlights sex-specific effects, with women more susceptible to stress and men more affected by anxiety. The findings suggest that principal diagnoses are particularly sensitive to increases in PM_2.5 exposure. These results provide valuable insights for the development of public health strategies addressing the environmental determinants of mental health, particularly as air pollution levels continue to rise. In conclusion, this study presents strong empirical evidence linking PM_2.5 exposure to increased mental health diagnoses, underscoring the need to consider mental health when designing policies to address air pollution.

我估计空气污染对心理健康的影响采用全面的人口水平门诊诊断数据集和准实验设计。本研究使用风向作为工具变量（IV）来解决与细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露相关的内生性问题，确保对精神健康结果进行强有力的分析。结果表明，PM2.5浓度每增加1 μg/m3，一般心理健康疾病，特别是抑郁症、焦虑和压力的主要诊断分别增加9.6例、5.3例、2.6例和1.7例/ 10万人。此外，该研究还强调了性别差异的影响，女性更容易受到压力的影响，而男性更容易受到焦虑的影响。研究结果表明，主要诊断对PM2.5暴露量的增加特别敏感。这些结果为制定解决心理健康的环境决定因素的公共卫生战略提供了宝贵的见解，特别是在空气污染水平持续上升的情况下。总之，本研究提供了强有力的经验证据，证明PM2.5暴露与心理健康诊断的增加有关，强调了在制定解决空气污染的政策时考虑心理健康的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Magnitude and decomposition of the solar rebound: Evidence from Swiss households 太阳能反弹的幅度和分解：来自瑞士家庭的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103194

Patrick Bigler

This paper examines rebound effects in electricity consumption induced by solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption using detailed panel data of 58,104 single-family home residents (2008–2019) in Switzerland. I find that solar PV adoption increases a household’s electricity consumption by approximately 8 %–11 %, depending on specification. Part of this increase is driven by households switching to electric technologies, such as electric vehicles, as shown by a decomposition of the rebound effect using machine learning predicted counterfactual consumption. The solar rebound effect is mainly driven by a subsample of households that install relatively large installations and substantially adjust their consumption patterns. In contrast, more price-sensitive consumers and households that co-adopt battery storage show smaller increases in electricity usage. These findings have important implications for the evaluation of solar PV subsidies, the planning of future energy system capacity, as well as the environmental implications of solar rebound effects.

本文利用瑞士58104户单户家庭居民（2008-2019）的详细面板数据，研究了太阳能光伏（PV）采用对用电量的反弹效应。我发现太阳能光伏的采用使家庭用电量增加了大约8 % -11 %，具体取决于规格。这一增长的部分原因是家庭转向电动汽车等电动技术，正如使用机器学习预测反事实消费的反弹效应分解所显示的那样。太阳能反弹效应主要是由安装相对较大装置并大幅调整其消费模式的家庭的子样本驱动的。相比之下，对价格更敏感的消费者和共同采用电池存储的家庭的用电量增长较小。这些发现对太阳能光伏补贴的评估、未来能源系统容量的规划以及太阳能反弹效应的环境影响具有重要意义。

引用次数: 0

Guilty or scapegoat? Land consolidation and hedgerow decline 有罪还是替罪羊？土地整理和绿篱退化

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103196

Valentin Cocco , Raja Chakir , Lauriane Mouysset

Land consolidation is a standard policy tool to reduce land fragmentation through the spatial redistribution of property rights; however, the risk of adverse effects on the landscape raises concerns about its environmental sustainability. This study investigates the landscape impacts of consolidation on the hedgerow network of Lower Normandy, France. Implementing a staggered difference-in-differences strategy on a longitudinal survey (1972–2010), we show that consolidation led to a significant reduction in hedgerow density of −14.3 m/ha (standard error: 2.33), accounting for 13.7 % of the overall decline observed in consolidated areas. We also find a diminishing impact over time of consolidation and time since consolidation, an increasing impact with higher initial hedgerow density, no spillover effect, and a negative impact on network connectivity. An outline cost-benefit analysis suggests that the social costs of uprooting hedgerows outweigh the private benefits. Overall, this paper confirms that land consolidation has significantly contributed to the decline of hedgerows with economic costs, but it challenges prevailing beliefs about the policy’s share of responsibility with respect to other landscape change factors.

土地整理是通过产权的空间再分配减少土地破碎化的标准政策工具；然而，对景观的不利影响的风险引起了对其环境可持续性的关注。本研究调查了法国下诺曼底地区植物篱网整治对景观的影响。在纵向调查（1972-2010）中实施交错差中差策略，我们发现固结导致树篱密度显著降低- 14.3 米/公顷（标准误差：2.33），占固结地区观察到的总体下降的13.7 %。我们还发现，随着整合时间和整合后时间的推移，影响逐渐减小，初始篱密度越高，影响越大，没有溢出效应，对网络连通性产生负面影响。一份成本效益分析纲要显示，连根拔起树篱的社会成本大于个人收益。总体而言，本文证实了土地整理在经济成本上显著促进了绿篱的减少，但它挑战了关于政策在其他景观变化因素方面的责任份额的普遍看法。

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引用次数: 0

Internalizing externalities through ecological compensation: Evidence from trans-boundary water pollution in China 通过生态补偿将外部性内部化：来自中国跨界水污染的证据

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103200

Xiaoxi Wang , Meng Xu , Kevin Chen

This study examines the effects of China's cross-provincial ecological compensation scheme (CpECS) on trans-boundary water pollution. Using a staggered difference-in-differences method, we find that the CpECS significantly reduces water pollution in terms of ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) concentrations by 33.4 %. By linking water quality with point-source and nonpoint-source pollution control practices, we find that these improvements result from reductions in industrial wastewater discharge and pig production, and improvement in municipal sewage treatment capacity. However, the scheme does not yield a significant reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations, likely due to a lack of incentives to exceed contractual targets in policy areas once those targets are met.

本研究探讨了中国跨省生态补偿机制对跨界水污染的影响。采用交错差中差法，我们发现CpECS显著降低了33.4%的氨氮（NH3-N）浓度。通过将水质与点源和非点源污染控制措施联系起来，我们发现这些改善来自工业废水排放和生猪生产的减少，以及城市污水处理能力的提高。然而，该计划并没有显著减少化学需氧量（COD）浓度，这可能是因为一旦达到政策领域的合同目标，缺乏超越这些目标的激励措施。

引用次数: 0

Gone with the wind? Impacts of hurricanes on college enrollment and completion 随风而逝？飓风对大学入学和毕业的影响

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103203

Fanyu Liu , Kerui Geng , Feng Chen

Hurricanes have significant and growing economic impacts. While the physical destruction is immediately visible, the disruptions to education and their long-term effects on human capital are often less apparent. This study examines the impact of hurricanes on U.S. higher education enrollment and completion using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System and a Differences-in-Differences Event Study approach. We find that two-year colleges experience an approximately 10 % decline in both enrollment and the number of degrees and certifications awarded within a decade following a hurricane, whereas four-year institutions exhibit no significant effects. The impact is more pronounced in institutions exposed to higher hurricane intensity and frequency, public two-year colleges, and those with a greater reliance on local student populations and higher admission rates. These effects appear to be driven by shifts in migration patterns, declines in high school graduates, and local labor market disruptions. Our findings suggest that targeted government disaster aid for community colleges could be more effective.

飓风对经济的影响越来越大。虽然有形的破坏是显而易见的，但对教育的破坏及其对人力资本的长期影响往往不那么明显。本研究使用综合高等教育数据系统的数据和差异事件研究方法，考察了飓风对美国高等教育入学率和结业率的影响。我们发现，在飓风过后的十年内，两年制大学的入学人数和授予的学位和证书数量都下降了大约10%，而四年制大学则没有明显的影响。这种影响在飓风强度和频率较高的机构、公立两年制大学以及那些更依赖当地学生群体和录取率较高的大学中更为明显。这些影响似乎是由移民模式的转变、高中毕业生的减少和当地劳动力市场的中断所驱动的。我们的研究结果表明，政府为社区大学提供有针对性的灾难援助可能会更有效。

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引用次数: 0

Birth outcome effects of nitrate contamination in drinking water 饮用水中硝酸盐污染对出生结局的影响

IF 5.5 3区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103197

Elizabeth Sorensen Montoya

Despite the prevalence of drinking water contamination in the United States, its health effects are not well understood. Unlike the extensive research on health impacts of air pollution, studies on water contamination are limited, mainly due to a lack of high-frequency water contamination data. To address this gap, I construct a novel dataset of monthly nitrate contamination levels in California’s community water systems linked with individual birth records. Nitrate contamination is a persistent issue in water systems in the United States, posing a potential threat to infant health. This study estimates the effect of prenatal exposure to nitrate contamination below current regulatory limits on birth outcomes. Using a panel fixed-effects approach with water system and time fixed effects, I compare birth outcomes across infants from the same water system who were exposed to differing levels of nitrate contamination during each trimester of gestation. I find that second-trimester exposure to nitrate concentrations below regulatory limits increases the likelihood of preterm birth and low birth weight by 1.2 and 1 percentage point, respectively. Relative to sample means, these estimates translate to a 15 % increase in the probability of preterm birth and a 17 % increase in the probability of low birth weight birth. Results further suggest that lowering the current regulatory limit below 5 mg/L (half the current limit) could prevent nitrate-related adverse birth outcomes.

尽管饮用水污染在美国很普遍，但其对健康的影响还没有得到很好的了解。与对空气污染对健康影响的广泛研究不同，对水污染的研究是有限的，主要是由于缺乏高频水污染数据。为了解决这一差距，我构建了一个新的数据集，将加州社区供水系统中每月硝酸盐污染水平与个人出生记录联系起来。硝酸盐污染是美国水系统中一个长期存在的问题，对婴儿健康构成潜在威胁。本研究估计产前暴露于硝酸盐污染的影响低于目前的监管限制对分娩结果。使用水系统和时间固定效应的面板固定效应方法，我比较了来自同一水系统的婴儿的出生结果，他们在妊娠的每个三个月暴露于不同水平的硝酸盐污染。我发现妊娠中期暴露于低于规定限制的硝酸盐浓度会使早产和低出生体重的可能性分别增加1.2和1个百分点。相对于样本平均值，这些估计转化为早产的概率增加15% %，低出生体重出生的概率增加17% %。结果进一步表明，将目前的监管限值降低到5 mg/L以下（目前限值的一半）可以预防硝酸盐相关的不良出生结局。

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