Chiara Ferrisi, Francesco Loreni, Antonio Nenna, Omar Giacinto, Mario Lusini, Massimo Chello
Median sternotomy and steel wires for sternal closure are the standard approach for cardiac surgery. An incomplete repair associated with chest wall motion, especially in the presence of predisposing factors, can lead to life-threatening deep sternal wound infection, also known as mediastinitis, in 2-5% of cases. Despite current antibiotic and surgical treatments, mediastinitis is associated with a 10-40% mortality rate and a significant increase in morbidity and hospital stay. High mortality and difficult treatment appear to be due to bacterial biofilm, a self-produced extracellular polymeric product that incorporates host tissue and is responsible for the failure of immune defenses and standard antimicrobial therapies. Nanostructures are an effective strategy to enhance the healing process, as they establish a favorable environment for the neosynthesis of the extracellular matrix, supporting tissue development. Synthetic polymers have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties, and their biofunctionalization to enhance cell attachment and interaction with the extracellular matrix is being widely investigated. The use of antibiotic treatments suspended in poly-D,L-lactide and polyethylene oxide and electrospun into nanofibers, or in sponges, has been shown to inhibit bacterial biofilm production. Additionally, growth factors can be incorporated into 3D bioresorbable scaffolds with the aim of constituting a structural and biological framework to organize and expedite the healing process. Therefore, these combined approaches may change the treatment of mediastinitis in the near future.
{"title":"Bioengineering Approaches and Novel Biomaterials to Enhance Sternal Wound Healing after Cardiac Surgery: A Crosstalk between Innovation and Surgical Practice.","authors":"Chiara Ferrisi, Francesco Loreni, Antonio Nenna, Omar Giacinto, Mario Lusini, Massimo Chello","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Median sternotomy and steel wires for sternal closure are the standard approach for cardiac surgery. An incomplete repair associated with chest wall motion, especially in the presence of predisposing factors, can lead to life-threatening deep sternal wound infection, also known as mediastinitis, in 2-5% of cases. Despite current antibiotic and surgical treatments, mediastinitis is associated with a 10-40% mortality rate and a significant increase in morbidity and hospital stay. High mortality and difficult treatment appear to be due to bacterial biofilm, a self-produced extracellular polymeric product that incorporates host tissue and is responsible for the failure of immune defenses and standard antimicrobial therapies. Nanostructures are an effective strategy to enhance the healing process, as they establish a favorable environment for the neosynthesis of the extracellular matrix, supporting tissue development. Synthetic polymers have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties, and their biofunctionalization to enhance cell attachment and interaction with the extracellular matrix is being widely investigated. The use of antibiotic treatments suspended in poly-D,L-lactide and polyethylene oxide and electrospun into nanofibers, or in sponges, has been shown to inhibit bacterial biofilm production. Additionally, growth factors can be incorporated into 3D bioresorbable scaffolds with the aim of constituting a structural and biological framework to organize and expedite the healing process. Therefore, these combined approaches may change the treatment of mediastinitis in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11432903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eyyup Murat Karakurt, Yan Huang, Yuksel Cetin, Alper Incesu, Huseyin Demirtas, Mehmet Kaya, Yasemin Yildizhan, Merve Tosun, Gulsah Akbas
Titanium-Niobium (TiNb) alloys are commonly employed in a number of implantable devices, yet concerns exist regarding their use in implantology owing to the biomechanical mismatch between the implant and the host tissue. Therefore, to balance the mechanical performance of the load-bearing implant with bone, TiNb alloys with differing porosities were fabricated by powder metallurgy combined with spacer material. Microstructures and phase constituents were characterized with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties were tested by uniaxial compression, and the corrosion performance was determined via a potentiodynamic polarization experiment. To evaluate a highly matched potential implant with the host, biocompatibilities such as cell viability and proliferation rate, fibronectin adsorption, plasmid-DNA interaction, and an SEM micrograph showing the cell morphology were examined in detail. The results showed that the alloys displayed open and closed pores with a uniform pore size and distribution, which allowed for cell adherence and other cellular activities. The alloys with low porosity displayed compressive strength between 618 MPa and 1295 MPa, while the alloys with high porosity showed significantly lower strength, ranging from 48 MPa to 331 MPa. The biological evaluation of the alloys demonstrated good cell attachment and proliferation rates.
钛铌合金(TiNb)通常被用于许多植入设备中,但由于植入物与宿主组织之间的生物力学不匹配,人们对其在植入学中的应用存在担忧。因此,为了平衡承重植入体与骨骼之间的机械性能,我们采用粉末冶金法结合间隔材料制造了具有不同孔隙率的钛铌合金。利用能量色散光谱(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和 X 射线衍射(XRD)对微观结构和相组成进行了表征。通过单轴压缩测试了其机械性能,并通过电位极化实验确定了其腐蚀性能。为了评估与宿主高度匹配的潜在植入物,详细研究了生物相容性,如细胞活力和增殖率、纤维连接蛋白吸附、质粒与 DNA 的相互作用,以及显示细胞形态的 SEM 显微照片。结果表明,合金显示出孔隙大小和分布均匀的开放式和封闭式孔隙,有利于细胞粘附和其他细胞活动。低孔隙率合金的抗压强度介于 618 兆帕和 1295 兆帕之间,而高孔隙率合金的抗压强度明显较低,介于 48 兆帕和 331 兆帕之间。对合金进行的生物学评估表明,其细胞附着和增殖率良好。
{"title":"Assessing Microstructural, Biomechanical, and Biocompatible Properties of TiNb Alloys for Potential Use as Load-Bearing Implants.","authors":"Eyyup Murat Karakurt, Yan Huang, Yuksel Cetin, Alper Incesu, Huseyin Demirtas, Mehmet Kaya, Yasemin Yildizhan, Merve Tosun, Gulsah Akbas","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Titanium-Niobium (TiNb) alloys are commonly employed in a number of implantable devices, yet concerns exist regarding their use in implantology owing to the biomechanical mismatch between the implant and the host tissue. Therefore, to balance the mechanical performance of the load-bearing implant with bone, TiNb alloys with differing porosities were fabricated by powder metallurgy combined with spacer material. Microstructures and phase constituents were characterized with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties were tested by uniaxial compression, and the corrosion performance was determined via a potentiodynamic polarization experiment. To evaluate a highly matched potential implant with the host, biocompatibilities such as cell viability and proliferation rate, fibronectin adsorption, plasmid-DNA interaction, and an SEM micrograph showing the cell morphology were examined in detail. The results showed that the alloys displayed open and closed pores with a uniform pore size and distribution, which allowed for cell adherence and other cellular activities. The alloys with low porosity displayed compressive strength between 618 MPa and 1295 MPa, while the alloys with high porosity showed significantly lower strength, ranging from 48 MPa to 331 MPa. The biological evaluation of the alloys demonstrated good cell attachment and proliferation rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11432999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Klak, Katarzyna Kosowska, Milena Czajka, Magdalena Dec, Sylwester Domański, Agnieszka Zakrzewska, Paulina Korycka, Kamila Jankowska, Agnieszka Romanik-Chruścielewska, Michał Wszoła
Chitosan is a very promising material for tissue model printing. It is also known that the introduction of chemical modifications to the structure of the material in the form of methacrylate groups makes it very attractive for application in the bioprinting of tissue models. The aim of this work is to study the characteristics of biomaterials containing chitosan (BCH) and its methacrylated equivalent (BCM) in order to identify differences in their usefulness in 3D bioprinting technology. It has been shown that the BCM material containing methacrylic chitosan is three times more viscous than its non-methacrylated BCH counterpart. Additionally, the BCM material is characterized by stability in a larger range of stresses, as well as better printability, resolution, and fiber stability. The BCM material has higher mechanical parameters, both mechanical strength and Young's modulus, than the BCH material. Both materials are ideal for bioprinting, but BCM has unique rheological properties and significant mechanical resistance. In addition, biological tests have shown that the addition of chitosan to biomaterials increases cell proliferation, particularly in 3D-printed models. Moreover, modification in the form of methacrylation encourages reduced toxicity of the biomaterial in 3D constructs. Our investigation demonstrates the suitability of a chitosan-enhanced biomaterial, specifically methacrylate-treated, for application in tissue engineering, and particularly for tissues requiring resistance to high stress, i.e., vascular or cartilage models.
{"title":"The Impact of the Methacrylation Process on the Usefulness of Chitosan as a Biomaterial Component for 3D Printing.","authors":"Marta Klak, Katarzyna Kosowska, Milena Czajka, Magdalena Dec, Sylwester Domański, Agnieszka Zakrzewska, Paulina Korycka, Kamila Jankowska, Agnieszka Romanik-Chruścielewska, Michał Wszoła","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chitosan is a very promising material for tissue model printing. It is also known that the introduction of chemical modifications to the structure of the material in the form of methacrylate groups makes it very attractive for application in the bioprinting of tissue models. The aim of this work is to study the characteristics of biomaterials containing chitosan (BCH) and its methacrylated equivalent (BCM) in order to identify differences in their usefulness in 3D bioprinting technology. It has been shown that the BCM material containing methacrylic chitosan is three times more viscous than its non-methacrylated BCH counterpart. Additionally, the BCM material is characterized by stability in a larger range of stresses, as well as better printability, resolution, and fiber stability. The BCM material has higher mechanical parameters, both mechanical strength and Young's modulus, than the BCH material. Both materials are ideal for bioprinting, but BCM has unique rheological properties and significant mechanical resistance. In addition, biological tests have shown that the addition of chitosan to biomaterials increases cell proliferation, particularly in 3D-printed models. Moreover, modification in the form of methacrylation encourages reduced toxicity of the biomaterial in 3D constructs. Our investigation demonstrates the suitability of a chitosan-enhanced biomaterial, specifically methacrylate-treated, for application in tissue engineering, and particularly for tissues requiring resistance to high stress, i.e., vascular or cartilage models.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Active biomedical materials are designed to heal and restore the functions of people recovering after injuries or diseases [...].
活性生物医学材料旨在治疗和恢复伤病康复者的功能[......]。
{"title":"Active Biomedical Materials and Their Applications.","authors":"Christie Ying Kei Lung","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active biomedical materials are designed to heal and restore the functions of people recovering after injuries or diseases [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most severe and fatal complication of sepsis resulting from infectious trauma. Currently, effective treatment options are still lacking. Dihydromyricetin is the main component extracted from Vine tea (Ampelopsis megalophylla Diels et Gilg). In our previous research, chitosan-tripolyphosphate-encapsulated nanoparticles of dihydromyricetin (CS-DMY-NPs) have been proven to have potential protective effects against cisplatin-induced AKI. Here, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of DMY and its nano-formulations against LPS-induced AKI by assessing pathological and inflammatory changes in mice. In mice with LPS-AKI treated with 300 mg/kg CS-DMY-NPs, the levels of creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and KIM-1 were significantly reduced by 56%, 49%, and 88%, respectively. CS-DMY-NPs can upregulate the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT by 47%, 7%, and 14%, respectively, to inhibit LPS-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, CS-DMY-NPs decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1 by 31%, 49%, and 35%, respectively, to alleviate the inflammatory response. TUNEL and immunohistochemistry showed that CS-DMY-NPs reduced the number of apoptotic cells, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio by 30%, and attenuated renal cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis of renal tissue indicated that CS-DMY-NPs inhibited TLR4 expression and downregulated the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and IκBα. In summary, DMY prevented LPS-induced AKI by increasing antioxidant capacity, reducing inflammatory responses, and blocking apoptosis, and DMY nanoparticles were shown to have a better protective effect for future applications.
{"title":"Dihydromyricetin Nanoparticles Alleviate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Decreasing Inflammation and Cell Apoptosis via the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway.","authors":"Hongmei Yin, Qiaohua Yan, Yinglun Li, Huaqiao Tang","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most severe and fatal complication of sepsis resulting from infectious trauma. Currently, effective treatment options are still lacking. Dihydromyricetin is the main component extracted from Vine tea (<i>Ampelopsis megalophylla Diels et Gilg</i>). In our previous research, chitosan-tripolyphosphate-encapsulated nanoparticles of dihydromyricetin (CS-DMY-NPs) have been proven to have potential protective effects against cisplatin-induced AKI. Here, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of DMY and its nano-formulations against LPS-induced AKI by assessing pathological and inflammatory changes in mice. In mice with LPS-AKI treated with 300 mg/kg CS-DMY-NPs, the levels of creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and KIM-1 were significantly reduced by 56%, 49%, and 88%, respectively. CS-DMY-NPs can upregulate the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT by 47%, 7%, and 14%, respectively, to inhibit LPS-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, CS-DMY-NPs decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1 by 31%, 49%, and 35%, respectively, to alleviate the inflammatory response. TUNEL and immunohistochemistry showed that CS-DMY-NPs reduced the number of apoptotic cells, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio by 30%, and attenuated renal cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis of renal tissue indicated that CS-DMY-NPs inhibited TLR4 expression and downregulated the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and IκBα. In summary, DMY prevented LPS-induced AKI by increasing antioxidant capacity, reducing inflammatory responses, and blocking apoptosis, and DMY nanoparticles were shown to have a better protective effect for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mechanical mismatch between native aortas and aortic grafts can induce graft failure. This study aims to compare the mechanical and microstructural properties of different graft materials used in aortic repair surgeries with those of normal and dissected human ascending aortas. Five types of materials including normal aorta (n = 10), dissected aorta (n = 6), human pericardium (n = 8), bovine pericardium (n = 8) and Dacron graft (n = 5) were collected to perform uniaxial tensile testing to determine their material stiffness, and ultimate strength/stretch. The elastin and collagen contents in four tissue groups except for Dacron were quantified by histological examinations, while the material ultrastructure of five material groups was visualized by scanning electron microscope. Statistical results showed that three graft materials including Dacron, human pericardium and bovine pericardium had significantly higher ultimate strength and stiffness than both normal and dissected aortas. Human and bovine pericardia had significantly lower ultimate stretch than native aortas. Histological examinations revealed that normal and diseased aortic tissues had a significantly higher content of elastic fiber than two pericardial tissues, but less collagen fiber content. All four tissue groups exhibited lamellar fiber ultrastructure, with aortic tissues possessing thinner lamella. Dacron was composed of densely coalesced polyethylene terephthalate fibers in thick bundles. Aortic graft materials with denser fiber ultrastructure and/or higher content of collagen fiber than native aortic tissues, exhibited higher ultimate strength and stiffness. This information provides a basis to understand the mechanical failure of aortic grafts, and inspire the design of biomimetic aortic grafts.
{"title":"Comparison of Biomechanical and Microstructural Properties of Aortic Graft Materials in Aortic Repair Surgeries.","authors":"Haoliang Sun, Zirui Cheng, Xiaoya Guo, Hongcheng Gu, Dalin Tang, Liang Wang","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mechanical mismatch between native aortas and aortic grafts can induce graft failure. This study aims to compare the mechanical and microstructural properties of different graft materials used in aortic repair surgeries with those of normal and dissected human ascending aortas. Five types of materials including normal aorta (n = 10), dissected aorta (n = 6), human pericardium (n = 8), bovine pericardium (n = 8) and Dacron graft (n = 5) were collected to perform uniaxial tensile testing to determine their material stiffness, and ultimate strength/stretch. The elastin and collagen contents in four tissue groups except for Dacron were quantified by histological examinations, while the material ultrastructure of five material groups was visualized by scanning electron microscope. Statistical results showed that three graft materials including Dacron, human pericardium and bovine pericardium had significantly higher ultimate strength and stiffness than both normal and dissected aortas. Human and bovine pericardia had significantly lower ultimate stretch than native aortas. Histological examinations revealed that normal and diseased aortic tissues had a significantly higher content of elastic fiber than two pericardial tissues, but less collagen fiber content. All four tissue groups exhibited lamellar fiber ultrastructure, with aortic tissues possessing thinner lamella. Dacron was composed of densely coalesced polyethylene terephthalate fibers in thick bundles. Aortic graft materials with denser fiber ultrastructure and/or higher content of collagen fiber than native aortic tissues, exhibited higher ultimate strength and stiffness. This information provides a basis to understand the mechanical failure of aortic grafts, and inspire the design of biomimetic aortic grafts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Gawriołek, Naisargi Varma, Amadeusz Hernik, Wojciech Eliasz, Marta Strykowska, Elżbieta Paszyńska, Beata Czarnecka, Marek Sikorski
In general, patients' opinions on reaching ideal esthetics while restoring dental tissues is one of the most important part of the oral treatment. Unfortunately, discoloration of dental materials may occur due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the color stability of frequently used dental resin materials and determine the mechanism of their discoloration. The study used various characterization techniques (optical microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, low-temperature N2 adsorption, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and luminescence) to understand the effect of surface defects on discoloration. The adsorption of model liquids on the surface was confirmed to be related to the increase in BET surface area. The study found that the adsorption of discolorants, such as coffee, tea, and wine, on the surface of the dental material follows the multilayer BET model. When the surface is smooth, the discoloration is usually within acceptable limits, with a maximum of ∆E = 3.3. The discoloration made by tea and demineralized water was within acceptable limits even after 7 days of exposure.
一般来说,在修复牙体组织的同时达到理想的美观效果,患者的意见是口腔治疗中最重要的部分之一。不幸的是,由于内在和外在因素,牙科材料可能会变色。本研究旨在评估常用牙科树脂材料的颜色稳定性,并确定其变色的机理。研究采用了多种表征技术(光学显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、低温 N2 吸附、漫反射光谱和发光)来了解表面缺陷对变色的影响。研究证实,模型液体在表面的吸附与 BET 表面积的增加有关。研究发现,咖啡、茶和酒等变色剂在牙科材料表面的吸附遵循多层 BET 模型。当表面光滑时,变色通常在可接受的范围内,最大值为 ∆E = 3.3。茶水和去矿物质水造成的变色即使在暴露 7 天后也在可接受的范围内。
{"title":"Investigating the Mechanisms of Discoloration in Modern Dental Materials: A Comprehensive Characterization Approach.","authors":"Maria Gawriołek, Naisargi Varma, Amadeusz Hernik, Wojciech Eliasz, Marta Strykowska, Elżbieta Paszyńska, Beata Czarnecka, Marek Sikorski","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In general, patients' opinions on reaching ideal esthetics while restoring dental tissues is one of the most important part of the oral treatment. Unfortunately, discoloration of dental materials may occur due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the color stability of frequently used dental resin materials and determine the mechanism of their discoloration. The study used various characterization techniques (optical microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, low-temperature N<sub>2</sub> adsorption, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and luminescence) to understand the effect of surface defects on discoloration. The adsorption of model liquids on the surface was confirmed to be related to the increase in BET surface area. The study found that the adsorption of discolorants, such as coffee, tea, and wine, on the surface of the dental material follows the multilayer BET model. When the surface is smooth, the discoloration is usually within acceptable limits, with a maximum of ∆E = 3.3. The discoloration made by tea and demineralized water was within acceptable limits even after 7 days of exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11432760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nandita Suresh, Matti Mauramo, Tuomas Waltimo, Timo Sorsa, Sukumaran Anil
(1) Background: This systematic review critically appraises and synthesizes evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effects of curcumin nanoparticles on titanium surface modification, focusing on cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. (2) Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases, yielding six in vitro studies that met the inclusion criteria. The search strategy and study selection process followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A qualitative methodological assessment was performed using the SciRAP (Science in Risk Assessment and Policy) method, which evaluated the reporting and methodological quality of the included studies. (3) Results: All six studies consistently demonstrated that curcumin-coated titanium surfaces inhibited osteoclastogenesis and promoted osteogenic activity, evidenced by enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. The mean reporting quality score was 91.8 (SD = 5.7), and the mean methodological quality score was 85.8 (SD = 10.50), as assessed by the SciRAP method. Half of the studies used hydroxyapatite-coated titanium as a control, while the other half used uncoated titanium, introducing potential variability in baseline comparisons. (4) Conclusions: This systematic review provides compelling in vitro evidence supporting the osteogenic potential of curcumin nanoparticle-coated titanium surfaces. The findings suggest that this surface modification strategy may enhance titanium implants' biocompatibility and osteogenic properties, potentially improving dental and orthopedic implant outcomes. However, the review highlights significant heterogeneity in experimental designs and a concentration of studies from a single research group. Further research, particularly in vivo studies and clinical trials from diverse research teams, is essential to validate these findings and comprehensively understand the translational potential of this promising surface modification approach.
(1) 背景:本系统综述对姜黄素纳米颗粒对钛表面修饰作用的体外研究证据进行了批判性评估和综合,重点关注细胞粘附、增殖、成骨分化和矿化。(2)方法:在 PubMed、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了全面的电子检索,结果有六项体外研究符合纳入标准。搜索策略和研究筛选过程遵循了 PRISMA(系统综述和元分析首选报告项目)指南。采用 SciRAP(风险评估与政策中的科学)方法进行了定性方法评估,对纳入研究的报告和方法质量进行了评价。(3)结果:所有六项研究一致表明,姜黄素涂层钛表面可抑制破骨细胞生成,促进成骨活性,表现为细胞粘附、增殖、成骨分化和矿化增强。经SciRAP方法评估,报告质量平均得分为91.8分(SD = 5.7),方法学质量平均得分为85.8分(SD = 10.50)。半数研究使用羟基磷灰石涂层钛作为对照,而另一半研究使用未涂层钛,因此基线比较中可能存在变异。(4) 结论:本系统综述提供了令人信服的体外证据,支持姜黄素纳米粒子涂层钛表面的成骨潜力。研究结果表明,这种表面修饰策略可增强钛植入物的生物相容性和成骨特性,从而改善牙科和整形外科植入物的效果。然而,综述强调了实验设计的显著异质性,以及研究集中于一个研究小组。进一步的研究,尤其是来自不同研究团队的体内研究和临床试验,对于验证这些发现和全面了解这种前景广阔的表面改性方法的转化潜力至关重要。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Curcumin Nanoparticle-Coated Titanium Surfaces in Osteogenesis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Nandita Suresh, Matti Mauramo, Tuomas Waltimo, Timo Sorsa, Sukumaran Anil","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: This systematic review critically appraises and synthesizes evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effects of curcumin nanoparticles on titanium surface modification, focusing on cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. (2) Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases, yielding six in vitro studies that met the inclusion criteria. The search strategy and study selection process followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A qualitative methodological assessment was performed using the SciRAP (Science in Risk Assessment and Policy) method, which evaluated the reporting and methodological quality of the included studies. (3) Results: All six studies consistently demonstrated that curcumin-coated titanium surfaces inhibited osteoclastogenesis and promoted osteogenic activity, evidenced by enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. The mean reporting quality score was 91.8 (SD = 5.7), and the mean methodological quality score was 85.8 (SD = 10.50), as assessed by the SciRAP method. Half of the studies used hydroxyapatite-coated titanium as a control, while the other half used uncoated titanium, introducing potential variability in baseline comparisons. (4) Conclusions: This systematic review provides compelling in vitro evidence supporting the osteogenic potential of curcumin nanoparticle-coated titanium surfaces. The findings suggest that this surface modification strategy may enhance titanium implants' biocompatibility and osteogenic properties, potentially improving dental and orthopedic implant outcomes. However, the review highlights significant heterogeneity in experimental designs and a concentration of studies from a single research group. Further research, particularly in vivo studies and clinical trials from diverse research teams, is essential to validate these findings and comprehensively understand the translational potential of this promising surface modification approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11432901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aikaterini Petropoulou, Maria Dimitriadi, Spiros Zinelis, Maria Antoniadou, George Eliades
The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the degree of C=C conversion (DC%), chemical structure, optical properties and roughness of one-shade composites before/after photoaging. Τhe one-shade materials tested were Charisma Topaz One (CHT), Clearfil Majesty ES-2 Universal (MES), Essentia Universal (ESU) and Omnichroma (OMN), with G-aenial Anterior (CNA) serving as control. Specimens (2 mm thickness) were prepared and tested for DC% and chemical structure (ATR-FTIR spectroscopy), optical properties (L*a*b*-ΔΕ, translucency parameter-TP, opalescence parameter-OP, contrast ratio-CR and total transmittance-TT by UV-Vis spectroscopy) and roughness (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Sds and Sc by optical profilometry) before and after photoaging (Xe-arc weatherometer). Significant differences were found in DC% between top-bottom surfaces (ESU, OMN before; ESU, CNA after). Photoaging improved DC%, reduced ester peaks implying photodegradation, reduced L* (CHT, OMN, CNA), a* (CHT, CNA), b* (OMN, CNA), TP (all, except for MES), OP (only MES), CR (only MES, but an increase in CNA) and TT (CHT, OMN). OMN, CNA and MES demonstrated ΔΕ > 3.3. Photoaging significantly increased all roughness parameters in all materials, except for MES (Sz, Sdr, Sc) and OMN (Sdr). Although listed in the same group, significant differences were found in one-shade composites before and after photoaging. Several products were strongly affected by photoaging, demonstrating evidence of photodegradation, an increased roughness and color changes exceeding the clinically acceptable levels.
{"title":"Effect of Photoaging on the Structure, Optical Properties and Roughness of One-Shade Composite Restoratives.","authors":"Aikaterini Petropoulou, Maria Dimitriadi, Spiros Zinelis, Maria Antoniadou, George Eliades","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the degree of C=C conversion (DC%), chemical structure, optical properties and roughness of one-shade composites before/after photoaging. Τhe one-shade materials tested were Charisma Topaz One (CHT), Clearfil Majesty ES-2 Universal (MES), Essentia Universal (ESU) and Omnichroma (OMN), with G-aenial Anterior (CNA) serving as control. Specimens (2 mm thickness) were prepared and tested for DC% and chemical structure (ATR-FTIR spectroscopy), optical properties (L*a*b*-ΔΕ, translucency parameter-TP, opalescence parameter-OP, contrast ratio-CR and total transmittance-TT by UV-Vis spectroscopy) and roughness (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Sds and Sc by optical profilometry) before and after photoaging (Xe-arc weatherometer). Significant differences were found in DC% between top-bottom surfaces (ESU, OMN before; ESU, CNA after). Photoaging improved DC%, reduced ester peaks implying photodegradation, reduced L* (CHT, OMN, CNA), a* (CHT, CNA), b* (OMN, CNA), TP (all, except for MES), OP (only MES), CR (only MES, but an increase in CNA) and TT (CHT, OMN). OMN, CNA and MES demonstrated ΔΕ > 3.3. Photoaging significantly increased all roughness parameters in all materials, except for MES (Sz, Sdr, Sc) and OMN (Sdr). Although listed in the same group, significant differences were found in one-shade composites before and after photoaging. Several products were strongly affected by photoaging, demonstrating evidence of photodegradation, an increased roughness and color changes exceeding the clinically acceptable levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tamara Rahela Ioana, Filip George Boeru, Iulian Antoniac, Ioana Mitruț, Ionela Elisabeta Staicu, Anne Marie Rauten, Willi Andrei Uriciuc, Horia Octavian Manolea
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are orthodontic mini-implants with remarkable characteristics that, once inserted, present mechanical retention (primary stability) without the process of bone osseointegration. However, interaction with the biological environment may cause changes in the morphology of the external surface of dental TADs. In this study, we used 17 TADs made of aluminum-vanadium titanium alloy, produced by two companies, which were analyzed through optical microscopy after being removed from the patients during orthodontic treatment. We evaluated the changes that appeared on the TADs' surfaces after their use in the biological environment, depending on the morphological area in which they were inserted. In our study, we found changes in the morphology of the implant surface, and especially deposits of biological material in all study groups. On all samples examined after clinical use, regardless of the period of use, corrosion surfaces in different locations were observed. Our obtained results support the idea that the biological environment is aggressive for mini-implant structures, always producing changes to their surface during their clinical use.
临时固定装置(TADs)是一种具有显著特征的正畸微型植入物,一旦植入,无需骨结合过程即可实现机械固位(主要稳定性)。然而,与生物环境的相互作用可能会导致牙科 TAD 外表面形态发生变化。在这项研究中,我们使用了由两家公司生产的 17 个铝钒钛合金 TAD,在正畸治疗期间从患者身上取下后,我们通过光学显微镜对其进行了分析。我们评估了 TAD 在生物环境中使用后其表面发生的变化,这些变化取决于插入 TAD 的形态区域。在我们的研究中,我们发现所有研究组的种植体表面形态都发生了变化,尤其是生物材料的沉积。在临床使用后检查的所有样本中,无论使用时间长短,都可以观察到不同位置的腐蚀表面。我们的研究结果支持了这样一种观点,即生物环境对微型种植体结构具有侵蚀性,在临床使用过程中总会使其表面发生变化。
{"title":"Surface Analysis of Orthodontic Mini-Implants after Their Clinical Use.","authors":"Tamara Rahela Ioana, Filip George Boeru, Iulian Antoniac, Ioana Mitruț, Ionela Elisabeta Staicu, Anne Marie Rauten, Willi Andrei Uriciuc, Horia Octavian Manolea","doi":"10.3390/jfb15090244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15090244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are orthodontic mini-implants with remarkable characteristics that, once inserted, present mechanical retention (primary stability) without the process of bone osseointegration. However, interaction with the biological environment may cause changes in the morphology of the external surface of dental TADs. In this study, we used 17 TADs made of aluminum-vanadium titanium alloy, produced by two companies, which were analyzed through optical microscopy after being removed from the patients during orthodontic treatment. We evaluated the changes that appeared on the TADs' surfaces after their use in the biological environment, depending on the morphological area in which they were inserted. In our study, we found changes in the morphology of the implant surface, and especially deposits of biological material in all study groups. On all samples examined after clinical use, regardless of the period of use, corrosion surfaces in different locations were observed. Our obtained results support the idea that the biological environment is aggressive for mini-implant structures, always producing changes to their surface during their clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":15767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11433500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}