Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114565
Mingyi Chen, Yan Gong, Luyao Zhao, Yin Chen
Effective thermal management is crucial for the reliability and efficiency of various systems, yet conventional phase change materials encounter limitations. This research introduces a novel solid-solid phase change material (SSPCM) designed for superior leak resistance and mechanical integrity. The SSPCM is synthesized via a polyurethane cross-linking reaction, employing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as precursors. This method chemically integrates phase change molecular chains into a thermosetting polymer matrix via polyurethane bonds, effectively mitigating leakage issues prevalent in traditional PCM composites while enhancing thermal stability. To augment thermal conductivity, we engineered a hybrid heat transfer network incorporating expanded graphite (EG), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and advanced ceramic materials, including boron nitride (BN) and silicon carbide (SiC). Experimental evaluations reveal that the SSPCM achieves exceptional leak-proof performance, mechanical durability, and a significant improvement in thermal conductivity—up to 0.95 W/mK, marking a 4.13-fold enhancement over baseline values. Crucially, the developed SSPCM demonstrates remarkable efficacy in temperature regulation, maintaining the operational temperature of lithium battery packs within the optimal range of 20–55 °C under a 3C discharge rate. The internal temperature variation is kept below 3 °C, showcasing the material's potential in improving thermal management systems' reliability and performance.
{"title":"Phase change material with outstanding thermal stability and mechanical strength for battery thermal management","authors":"Mingyi Chen, Yan Gong, Luyao Zhao, Yin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective thermal management is crucial for the reliability and efficiency of various systems, yet conventional phase change materials encounter limitations. This research introduces a novel solid-solid phase change material (SSPCM) designed for superior leak resistance and mechanical integrity. The SSPCM is synthesized via a polyurethane cross-linking reaction, employing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as precursors. This method chemically integrates phase change molecular chains into a thermosetting polymer matrix via polyurethane bonds, effectively mitigating leakage issues prevalent in traditional PCM composites while enhancing thermal stability. To augment thermal conductivity, we engineered a hybrid heat transfer network incorporating expanded graphite (EG), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and advanced ceramic materials, including boron nitride (BN) and silicon carbide (SiC). Experimental evaluations reveal that the SSPCM achieves exceptional leak-proof performance, mechanical durability, and a significant improvement in thermal conductivity—up to 0.95 W/mK, marking a 4.13-fold enhancement over baseline values. Crucially, the developed SSPCM demonstrates remarkable efficacy in temperature regulation, maintaining the operational temperature of lithium battery packs within the optimal range of 20–55 °C under a 3C discharge rate. The internal temperature variation is kept below 3 °C, showcasing the material's potential in improving thermal management systems' reliability and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114565"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114544
Mostafa Siavashi, Morteza Dardel, Mohammad Hadi Pashaei
Nano-scroll shells, distinguished by their unique spiral morphology, have shown significant potential as components in energy storage nanocapacitors. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the energy storage capacity of nanocapacitors that utilize nano-scroll shells, employing advanced mathematical modeling techniques and neural network analyses. The mathematical framework, which incorporates the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) and the Modified Couple Stress Theory (MCST), particularly under simple and clamped boundary conditions, is a testament to the thoroughness of our study. The effects of nanoscale forces, including van der Waals forces, electric forces, and applied voltage, are meticulously examined. The governing equations for the cathode and anode layers of the nano-scroll shell are derived using the Lagrange principle and resolved through a semi-analytical assumed mode technique. A dataset is generated employing the geometric parameters of the nanocapacitor in conjunction with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks. The vibrational analysis of nanocapacitors with scroll shell geometry, and the influence of electric fields on them, is a crucial step in our study. It plays a significant role in optimizing and enhancing the mechanical stability and electrical efficiency of these advanced materials. This study not only contributes to the improved design, increased lifespan, and reduced energy losses of these devices but also enhances their precision and reliability. A comparative analysis between the semi-analytical methods and neural network results, specifically MLP and RBF, is conducted to validate the findings. In conclusion, this research investigates the stability of nano-scroll nanocapacitors under electric forces and their capacity for energy storage. By training neural networks, various geometric parameters' influence on nanocapacitors' performance is assessed, and the effect of van der Waals forces on energy storage is explored. The findings provide fundamental insights into the characteristics of nano-scroll structures and establish a framework for designing and optimizing advanced nanoscale energy storage devices.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling and artificial neural network analysis of nano-scroll capacitors for energy storage","authors":"Mostafa Siavashi, Morteza Dardel, Mohammad Hadi Pashaei","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano-scroll shells, distinguished by their unique spiral morphology, have shown significant potential as components in energy storage nanocapacitors. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the energy storage capacity of nanocapacitors that utilize nano-scroll shells, employing advanced mathematical modeling techniques and neural network analyses. The mathematical framework, which incorporates the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) and the Modified Couple Stress Theory (MCST), particularly under simple and clamped boundary conditions, is a testament to the thoroughness of our study. The effects of nanoscale forces, including van der Waals forces, electric forces, and applied voltage, are meticulously examined. The governing equations for the cathode and anode layers of the nano-scroll shell are derived using the Lagrange principle and resolved through a semi-analytical assumed mode technique. A dataset is generated employing the geometric parameters of the nanocapacitor in conjunction with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks. The vibrational analysis of nanocapacitors with scroll shell geometry, and the influence of electric fields on them, is a crucial step in our study. It plays a significant role in optimizing and enhancing the mechanical stability and electrical efficiency of these advanced materials. This study not only contributes to the improved design, increased lifespan, and reduced energy losses of these devices but also enhances their precision and reliability. A comparative analysis between the semi-analytical methods and neural network results, specifically MLP and RBF, is conducted to validate the findings. In conclusion, this research investigates the stability of nano-scroll nanocapacitors under electric forces and their capacity for energy storage. By training neural networks, various geometric parameters' influence on nanocapacitors' performance is assessed, and the effect of van der Waals forces on energy storage is explored. The findings provide fundamental insights into the characteristics of nano-scroll structures and establish a framework for designing and optimizing advanced nanoscale energy storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114544"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114586
Zepeng Liu, Yan Yan, Liping Zeng, Hao Yang, Xiao Chen, Huan Su
To optimize the performance of the heat storage unit, the double helix tube phase change storage unit filled with the novel composite phase change material is considered as the research object. A phase change heat storage system was constructed, and the heat transfer process was emulated through numerical simulation. The validity of the numerical model was verified by comparing the experimental and simulation outcomes. Based on the heat storage, complete melting time, and average heat flux, the enhanced heat transfer attributes of the coil diameter and compression ratio, as well as the influence of the carbon nanotube ratio on the melting process were analyzed. The results reveal that when the coil diameter is 88 mm, the heat storage unit manifests superior heat storage performance, with the heat storage reaching 4399 kJ, the complete melting time being reduced by 32.6 %, and the optimal ratio between the coil diameter and the heat storage unit diameter ranging from 0.59 to 0.72. When the compression ratio is 21:10:21, the heat transfer process of the heat storage unit is more rapid and uniform, the complete melting time is shortened by 71.3 %, and the average heat flux is augmented by 42.5 %. When the heat storage unit is filled with A9+3, the maximum heat storage attains 4733 kJ. When the heat storage unit is filled with A9+8, the complete melting time is decreased to 9703 s and the average heat flux ascends to 3023 W/m2. These structural parameters offer guidelines for enhancing the thermal performance and optimizing the design of the double helix tube heat storage unit.
{"title":"Enhancing thermal performance of heat storage using optimization of double helix tube coil structure","authors":"Zepeng Liu, Yan Yan, Liping Zeng, Hao Yang, Xiao Chen, Huan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To optimize the performance of the heat storage unit, the double helix tube phase change storage unit filled with the novel composite phase change material is considered as the research object. A phase change heat storage system was constructed, and the heat transfer process was emulated through numerical simulation. The validity of the numerical model was verified by comparing the experimental and simulation outcomes. Based on the heat storage, complete melting time, and average heat flux, the enhanced heat transfer attributes of the coil diameter and compression ratio, as well as the influence of the carbon nanotube ratio on the melting process were analyzed. The results reveal that when the coil diameter is 88 mm, the heat storage unit manifests superior heat storage performance, with the heat storage reaching 4399 kJ, the complete melting time being reduced by 32.6 %, and the optimal ratio between the coil diameter and the heat storage unit diameter ranging from 0.59 to 0.72. When the compression ratio is 21:10:21, the heat transfer process of the heat storage unit is more rapid and uniform, the complete melting time is shortened by 71.3 %, and the average heat flux is augmented by 42.5 %. When the heat storage unit is filled with A9+3, the maximum heat storage attains 4733 kJ. When the heat storage unit is filled with A9+8, the complete melting time is decreased to 9703 s and the average heat flux ascends to 3023 W/m<sup>2</sup>. These structural parameters offer guidelines for enhancing the thermal performance and optimizing the design of the double helix tube heat storage unit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114586"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114557
M.H. Sepahdar , S.M. Masoudpanah , M.Sh. Bafghi , S. Mohammadi , M. Namayandeh Jorabchi
In this work, the effects of V dopant on the structural, electrochemical, and theoretical properties of free-binder CoP/nickel foam (NF) electrodes are explored for supercapacitors, oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) applications. By increasing the vanadium dopant concentration, the sheet-like morphology of CoP/NF transforms to a dual morphology (spherical and sheet-like morphology), showing the best electrochemical performance including a specific capacitance of 3740 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The CoVP (10:1)/NF//activated carbon capacitor stores the electrochemical energy with the energy density of 24 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1400 W kg−1 and shows 100 % capacity retention after 3000 charge-discharge cycles at the current density of 20 A g−1. Additionally, the impact of V-dopant on the pristine CoP is evident in the quantum capacitance (CQ), in which the CoVP (10:1) has the highest CQ of 1812 F g−1 at a potential of −0.04 V. The CoVP (10:1)/NF electrode depicts superior OER performance with an overpotential of 260 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Additionally, the CoVP (10:1)/NF electrode requires the potential of 1.28 V vs. RHE to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for UOR. The electrochemical properties of CoP material are enhanced by V dopant through modulating the microstructure and electrical conductivity.
本研究探讨了掺钒对自由粘合剂 CoP/泡沫镍(NF)电极的结构、电化学和理论特性的影响,这些电极可用于超级电容器、氧进化反应(OER)和尿素氧化反应(UOR)。通过增加钒掺杂浓度,CoP/NF 的片状形态转变为双重形态(球形和片状形态),显示出最佳的电化学性能,包括在电流密度为 1 A g-1 时达到 3740 F g-1 的比电容。CoVP(10:1)/NF/活性炭电容器在功率密度为 1400 W kg-1 时可储存 24 Wh kg-1 的电化学能量,在电流密度为 20 A g-1 时,经过 3000 次充放电循环后,电容器的容量保持率为 100%。此外,V-掺杂剂对原始 CoP 的影响还体现在量子电容(CQ)上,其中 CoVP(10:1)的 CQ 最高,在电位为 -0.04 V 时达到 1812 F g-1。此外,CoVP (10:1)/NF 电极与 RHE 相比需要 1.28 V 的电位才能实现 10 mA cm-2 的 UOR 电流密度。通过调节微观结构和导电性,掺杂 V 可增强 CoP 材料的电化学特性。
{"title":"Experimental and theoretical investigation of free-binder V-doped CoP for high-performance supercapacitor and urea oxidation electrocatalyst","authors":"M.H. Sepahdar , S.M. Masoudpanah , M.Sh. Bafghi , S. Mohammadi , M. Namayandeh Jorabchi","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the effects of V dopant on the structural, electrochemical, and theoretical properties of free-binder CoP/nickel foam (NF) electrodes are explored for supercapacitors, oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) applications. By increasing the vanadium dopant concentration, the sheet-like morphology of CoP/NF transforms to a dual morphology (spherical and sheet-like morphology), showing the best electrochemical performance including a specific capacitance of 3740 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. The CoVP (10:1)/NF//activated carbon capacitor stores the electrochemical energy with the energy density of 24 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 1400 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and shows 100 % capacity retention after 3000 charge-discharge cycles at the current density of 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, the impact of V-dopant on the pristine CoP is evident in the quantum capacitance (C<sub>Q</sub>), in which the CoVP (10:1) has the highest C<sub>Q</sub> of 1812 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a potential of −0.04 V. The CoVP (10:1)/NF electrode depicts superior OER performance with an overpotential of 260 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. Additionally, the CoVP (10:1)/NF electrode requires the potential of 1.28 V vs. RHE to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for UOR. The electrochemical properties of CoP material are enhanced by V dopant through modulating the microstructure and electrical conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114557"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114589
Chao Zheng , Guochang Lin , Huifeng Tan , Yaohui Zhang , Zhe Lv
Lithium metal batteries have a high energy density, can store more energy in a smaller volume, and have an extensive development prospect. However, several problems arising from dendrite growth have limited its practical application. Therefore, we designed a composite protective film that can inhibit the growth of dendrites and improve the energy density of batteries by adding hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-OH) into poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), which serves as an artificial SEI layer. We found that the introduction of MWCNT-OH played a role in improving the elastic modulus of the film and increasing the ion channels, which made the ion channels more uniform, optimised the lithium deposition morphology, and successfully suppressed the growth of lithium dendrites. The artificial protective film of MWCNT-OH/PVDF-HFP enabled the symmetric battery to be stably cycled for 1600 h, which substantially improved the cycling stability of the battery. Meanwhile, MWCNT-OH, as a carbon material, can accommodate lithium-ion. This strategy cleverly solves the problem of the conventional artificial SEI layer having no energy density, and the overall energy density of the battery is improved. This work presents a viable option for applying safe and stable lithium metal batteries.
锂金属电池具有高能量密度,能以较小的体积储存更多的能量,具有广阔的发展前景。然而,枝晶生长带来的一些问题限制了其实际应用。因此,我们设计了一种复合保护膜,通过在作为人工 SEI 层的聚偏氟乙烯-共六氟丙烯(PVDF-HFP)中加入羟基化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT-OH),抑制枝晶的生长,提高电池的能量密度。我们发现,MWCNT-OH 的引入起到了改善薄膜弹性模量和增加离子通道的作用,使离子通道更加均匀,优化了锂沉积形态,并成功抑制了锂枝晶的生长。MWCNT-OH/PVDF-HFP 人工保护膜可使对称电池稳定循环 1600 小时,大大提高了电池的循环稳定性。同时,MWCNT-OH 作为一种碳材料,可以容纳锂离子。这一策略巧妙地解决了传统人工 SEI 层没有能量密度的问题,提高了电池的整体能量密度。这项工作为应用安全稳定的锂金属电池提供了一种可行的选择。
{"title":"High-performance artificial SEI layer with high elastic modulus and multiple Li-ion channels","authors":"Chao Zheng , Guochang Lin , Huifeng Tan , Yaohui Zhang , Zhe Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium metal batteries have a high energy density, can store more energy in a smaller volume, and have an extensive development prospect. However, several problems arising from dendrite growth have limited its practical application. Therefore, we designed a composite protective film that can inhibit the growth of dendrites and improve the energy density of batteries by adding hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-OH) into poly(vinylidene fluoride)-<em>co</em>-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), which serves as an artificial SEI layer. We found that the introduction of MWCNT-OH played a role in improving the elastic modulus of the film and increasing the ion channels, which made the ion channels more uniform, optimised the lithium deposition morphology, and successfully suppressed the growth of lithium dendrites. The artificial protective film of MWCNT-OH/PVDF-HFP enabled the symmetric battery to be stably cycled for 1600 h, which substantially improved the cycling stability of the battery. Meanwhile, MWCNT-OH, as a carbon material, can accommodate lithium-ion. This strategy cleverly solves the problem of the conventional artificial SEI layer having no energy density, and the overall energy density of the battery is improved. This work presents a viable option for applying safe and stable lithium metal batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114589"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114583
Joyanti Halder, Puja De, Amreesh Chandra
The combination of redox additives such as potassium ferricyanide K3[Fe(CN)6] (KFCN) or potassium iodide (KI) with aqueous 3 M KOH electrolyte leads to nearly 2-folds increment in the electrochemical charge storage ability of the inverse spinel Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 based electrodes. The redox couples of, Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64− or / enhances the specific capacitance values of the electrodes. Strong oxidizing species, such as Fe(CN)63− or can accelerate the oxidation of the Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 electrode surface from Co2+ to Co3+, Ni2+ to Ni3+ and Fe2+ to Fe3+. The addition of 12 mM KFCN in pristine electrolyte increases the specific capacitance from 205 F g−1 to 459 F g−1 at 4 A g−1 current density. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor device consisting of Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 nanobrick//KOH + K3[Fe(CN)6]//GO is also reported, which delivers high specific capacitance, long cycle stability (98 % of the initial capacitance), and impressive energy and power density (68.5 Wh kg−1 at 900 W kg−1). Hence, the work may provide a new direction to design high energy density and sustainable supercapacitor devices using modified aqueous electrolytes.
将铁氰化钾 K3[Fe(CN)6](KFCN)或碘化钾(KI)等氧化还原添加剂与 3 M KOH 水基电解液相结合,可使反向尖晶石 Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 基电极的电化学电荷存储能力提高近 2 倍。Fe(CN)63-/Fe(CN)64- 或 I-/I3- 的氧化还原偶合可提高电极的比电容值。Fe(CN)63- 或 I3- 等强氧化物种可加速 Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 电极表面从 Co2+ 到 Co3+、Ni2+ 到 Ni3+ 和 Fe2+ 到 Fe3+ 的氧化。在原始电解液中加入 12 mM KFCN,在 4 A g-1 电流密度下,比电容从 205 F g-1 增加到 459 F g-1。报告还介绍了一种由 Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 纳米砖//KOH + K3[Fe(CN)6]//GO 组成的水混合超级电容器装置,该装置具有高比电容、长周期稳定性(初始电容的 98%)以及惊人的能量和功率密度(在 900 W kg-1 时为 68.5 Wh kg-1)。因此,这项研究为利用改性水基电解质设计高能量密度和可持续的超级电容器器件提供了新的方向。
{"title":"Synergistic contribution of redox additive electrolytes to significantly increase the performances of hybrid supercapacitors","authors":"Joyanti Halder, Puja De, Amreesh Chandra","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of redox additives such as potassium ferricyanide K<sub>3</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>] (KFCN) or potassium iodide (KI) with aqueous 3 M KOH electrolyte leads to nearly 2-folds increment in the electrochemical charge storage ability of the inverse spinel Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> based electrodes. The redox couples of, <em>Fe(CN)</em><sub><em>6</em></sub><sup><em>3−</em></sup><em>/Fe(CN)</em><sub><em>6</em></sub><sup><em>4−</em></sup> or <span><math><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math></span><em>/</em><span><math><msup><mi>I</mi><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> enhances the specific capacitance values of the electrodes. Strong oxidizing species, such as <em>Fe(CN)</em><sub><em>6</em></sub><sup><em>3−</em></sup> or <span><math><msup><mi>I</mi><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace></math></span>can accelerate the oxidation of the Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> electrode surface from Co<sup>2+</sup> to Co<sup>3+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup> to Ni<sup>3+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> to Fe<sup>3+</sup>. The addition of 12 mM KFCN in pristine electrolyte increases the specific capacitance from 205 F g<sup>−1</sup> to 459 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 4 A g<sup>−1</sup> current density. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor device consisting of Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanobrick//KOH + K<sub>3</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]//GO is also reported, which delivers high specific capacitance, long cycle stability (98 % of the initial capacitance), and impressive energy and power density (68.5 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at 900 W kg<sup>−1</sup>). Hence, the work may provide a new direction to design high energy density and sustainable supercapacitor devices using modified aqueous electrolytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114583"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114427
Timo Rüwald , Andrea Marongiu , Darya Chahardahcherik , Hedi van Faassen , Heinrich Ditler , Dominik Schulte , Egbert Figgemeier
Temperature distributions in battery packs of parallel-connected cells have a major impact on the performance and degradation behavior. While experiments of small packs and simulations regarding the impact of temperature distributions are available in literature, experimental investigations with packs consisting of many cells in parallel and cooled by application oriented thermal management strategies are rare. Moreover, only a few studies have analyzed the degradation of the individual cells within the pack due to the additional effort of performing single cell checkups before and after pack tests. Within this work, the cell degradation within highly parallel-connected packs under homogenous and inhomogeneous temperature distributions has been investigated experimentally. Two identical packs consisting of 25 cells in parallel were subjected to identical cyclic profiles with different temperature distributions across the cells. For one pack, a homogenous temperature distribution was realized via an immersed cooling system. The other pack was cooled via conventional air cooling, leading to a strong temperature gradient during cycling. Checkup tests were performed after disassembly of the packs and the individual cell degradation has been analyzed in detail. The results show that the homogenous temperature distribution led to less and a more homogenous degradation over all parallel-connected cells. The standard deviation is reduced by a factor of two regarding capacity loss and by a factor of three regarding resistance increase. Thus, application relevant thermal management strategies can be applied to effectively harmonize degradation in parallel connections of an increased number of cells. Further analysis of degradation via DVA shows that the stronger degradation of the cells cycled under inhomogeneous temperature distribution is caused by a more pronounced loss of cyclable lithium in combination with a stronger cathode degradation, which can be associated with the higher mean temperature. Moreover, an observed outlier degradation behavior could be linked to a complete consumption of the electrolyte additive FEC, which results in a rapid degradation of the silicon component of graphite‑silicon anodes. The insights from this work can help battery pack designers to choose a suited thermal management strategy and enable researchers to better understand degradation in parallel-connections and outlier behaviors observed in degradation experiments.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of cell degradation in packs of parallel-connected cells under different temperature distributions","authors":"Timo Rüwald , Andrea Marongiu , Darya Chahardahcherik , Hedi van Faassen , Heinrich Ditler , Dominik Schulte , Egbert Figgemeier","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature distributions in battery packs of parallel-connected cells have a major impact on the performance and degradation behavior. While experiments of small packs and simulations regarding the impact of temperature distributions are available in literature, experimental investigations with packs consisting of many cells in parallel and cooled by application oriented thermal management strategies are rare. Moreover, only a few studies have analyzed the degradation of the individual cells within the pack due to the additional effort of performing single cell checkups before and after pack tests. Within this work, the cell degradation within highly parallel-connected packs under homogenous and inhomogeneous temperature distributions has been investigated experimentally. Two identical packs consisting of 25 cells in parallel were subjected to identical cyclic profiles with different temperature distributions across the cells. For one pack, a homogenous temperature distribution was realized via an immersed cooling system. The other pack was cooled via conventional air cooling, leading to a strong temperature gradient during cycling. Checkup tests were performed after disassembly of the packs and the individual cell degradation has been analyzed in detail. The results show that the homogenous temperature distribution led to less and a more homogenous degradation over all parallel-connected cells. The standard deviation is reduced by a factor of two regarding capacity loss and by a factor of three regarding resistance increase. Thus, application relevant thermal management strategies can be applied to effectively harmonize degradation in parallel connections of an increased number of cells. Further analysis of degradation via DVA shows that the stronger degradation of the cells cycled under inhomogeneous temperature distribution is caused by a more pronounced loss of cyclable lithium in combination with a stronger cathode degradation, which can be associated with the higher mean temperature. Moreover, an observed outlier degradation behavior could be linked to a complete consumption of the electrolyte additive FEC, which results in a rapid degradation of the silicon component of graphite‑silicon anodes. The insights from this work can help battery pack designers to choose a suited thermal management strategy and enable researchers to better understand degradation in parallel-connections and outlier behaviors observed in degradation experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114427"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated with the grid and energy storage face significant challenges in maintaining power quality, especially under fluctuating temperature and irradiance conditions. Traditional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques often struggle to optimize efficiency in such variable environments. This research introduces an advanced MPPT approach that combines Incremental Conductance (INC) with a Function-Fitting Neural Network (FFNN). This hybrid method enhances PV system performance, improving tracking accuracy, system stability, and energy conversion efficiency under dynamic conditions. Also, the traditional converter and inverter control strategies fail to manage grid stability and minimize Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) during fluctuations, which this research resolves by utilizing an Adaptive Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) control that combines voltage, current, and droop control to maintain grid stability at 300 V and 12 A, even under varying PV input conditions. Moreover, the performance limitations of conventional PID-controlled Energy Storage Systems (ESS), characterized by slow response times and frequent manual tuning, are addressed in this research by optimizing the PID controller through Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), enhancing system responsiveness and robustness to improve ESS efficiency and power quality. The proposed methodology significantly reduces Total Harmonic Distortion up to 0.02 %, improving power quality and system efficiency by up to 97.8 % by integrating intelligent MPPT with neural network capabilities, advanced grid, and storage control strategies, offering a significant contribution to improving power quality and operational stability in renewable energy integration, making it a vital advancement in the field.
{"title":"Performance improvement and control optimization in grid-integrated PV source with energy storage systems","authors":"Lavanya Nandhyala, Lalit Chandra Saikia, Shinagam Rajshekar","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated with the grid and energy storage face significant challenges in maintaining power quality, especially under fluctuating temperature and irradiance conditions. Traditional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques often struggle to optimize efficiency in such variable environments. This research introduces an advanced MPPT approach that combines Incremental Conductance (INC) with a Function-Fitting Neural Network (FFNN). This hybrid method enhances PV system performance, improving tracking accuracy, system stability, and energy conversion efficiency under dynamic conditions. Also, the traditional converter and inverter control strategies fail to manage grid stability and minimize Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) during fluctuations, which this research resolves by utilizing an Adaptive Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) control that combines voltage, current, and droop control to maintain grid stability at 300 V and 12 A, even under varying PV input conditions. Moreover, the performance limitations of conventional PID-controlled Energy Storage Systems (ESS), characterized by slow response times and frequent manual tuning, are addressed in this research by optimizing the PID controller through Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), enhancing system responsiveness and robustness to improve ESS efficiency and power quality. The proposed methodology significantly reduces Total Harmonic Distortion up to 0.02 %, improving power quality and system efficiency by up to 97.8 % by integrating intelligent MPPT with neural network capabilities, advanced grid, and storage control strategies, offering a significant contribution to improving power quality and operational stability in renewable energy integration, making it a vital advancement in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 114517"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114561
Kangjie Wang , Zeng Chen , Rui Zhang , Xiaohui Li , Jintao Xu , Hui Jing , Putao Zhang , Meiyue Liu , Shengjun Li
Recent endeavors have concentrated intensively on the integration and storage of solar energy within a singular apparatus. However, at present, these apparatuses are confronted with issues such as complicated fabrication processes, complex structures, and electrolyte leakage. In this study, an all-solid-state photo-rechargeable battery is presented, utilizing TiO2 as the photoanode, MA3Bi2I9 as the photoelectric conversion and energy storage active material layer, and Pt as the counter electrode. The assembled device can remain an open-circuit voltage of 0.35 V in the dark state. Devices connected in series can power a LED for up to 2 min. Furthermore, this photo-rechargeable battery demonstrates commendable stability over a storage period of 60 days under ambient conditions. Simultaneously, electrochemical analyses corroborate that the charge-discharge mechanism of the device is intimately associated with the redox processes of Bi ions. This study proposes novel approaches for the design of innovative energy devices that integrate photovoltaic charging and energy storage.
最近,人们集中精力研究如何将太阳能整合并储存在一个单一的装置中。然而,目前这些设备都面临着制造工艺复杂、结构复杂和电解质泄漏等问题。本研究提出了一种全固态光充电电池,利用 TiO2 作为光阳极,MA3Bi2I9 作为光电转换和储能活性材料层,铂作为对电极。组装后的器件在暗态下可保持 0.35 V 的开路电压。串联的器件可为 LED 供电长达 2 分钟。此外,这种光充电电池在环境条件下可储存 60 天,其稳定性值得称赞。同时,电化学分析证实,该器件的充放电机制与铋离子的氧化还原过程密切相关。这项研究为设计集光伏充电和储能于一体的创新能源装置提出了新方法。
{"title":"Bifunctional MA3Bi2I9 towards solar energy conversion and storage for all-solid-state photo-rechargeable battery","authors":"Kangjie Wang , Zeng Chen , Rui Zhang , Xiaohui Li , Jintao Xu , Hui Jing , Putao Zhang , Meiyue Liu , Shengjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent endeavors have concentrated intensively on the integration and storage of solar energy within a singular apparatus. However, at present, these apparatuses are confronted with issues such as complicated fabrication processes, complex structures, and electrolyte leakage. In this study, an all-solid-state photo-rechargeable battery is presented, utilizing TiO<sub>2</sub> as the photoanode, MA<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>I<sub>9</sub> as the photoelectric conversion and energy storage active material layer, and Pt as the counter electrode. The assembled device can remain an open-circuit voltage of 0.35 V in the dark state. Devices connected in series can power a LED for up to 2 min. Furthermore, this photo-rechargeable battery demonstrates commendable stability over a storage period of 60 days under ambient conditions. Simultaneously, electrochemical analyses corroborate that the charge-discharge mechanism of the device is intimately associated with the redox processes of Bi ions. This study proposes novel approaches for the design of innovative energy devices that integrate photovoltaic charging and energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114561"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114568
Fang Yang , Leshen Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Wei Dong
Ni3S2 is an outstanding electrode material due to its high theoretical specific capacity, however, in practical research, the higher theoretical capacity is difficult to show, and the change of the structure in the cycling process affects the cycling stability, which limits its practical application. To address these issues, this study presents a strategy to synthesize Fe and Co bimetallic doped Ni3S2 nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) surface. This strategy introduces bimetallic atoms quickly and easily while synthesizing nanosheet structures, and the resulting synergistic interactions between the bimetals and the mutual support effect of the nanosheets can effectively enhance electron transfer and improve cycling stability. The electrochemical results show that the Fe and Co-doped sample (Ni3S2-Co/Fe-5) exhibits a specific capacitance of 3351 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 in the three-electrode system, which is nearly five times higher than the specific capacity of the undoped Fe and Co-doped sample (Ni3S2), and the capacity retention rate after cycling 5000 cycles at a current density of 10 A·g−1 is 100 %, the prepared sample (Ni3S2-Co/Fe-5) was assembled with activated carbon (AC) to form a hybrid supercapacitor, which could provide a maximum power density of 9818 W·kg−1, a maximum energy density of 66.25 Wh·kg−1, and a capacity retention of 94.5 % after 10,000 cycles, with a capacity loss of only 5.6 %.
{"title":"Facile synthesis of Co/Fe bimetallic doped Ni3S2 nanosheets and supercapacitor performance","authors":"Fang Yang , Leshen Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Wei Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.est.2024.114568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub> is an outstanding electrode material due to its high theoretical specific capacity, however, in practical research, the higher theoretical capacity is difficult to show, and the change of the structure in the cycling process affects the cycling stability, which limits its practical application. To address these issues, this study presents a strategy to synthesize Fe and Co bimetallic doped Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub> nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) surface. This strategy introduces bimetallic atoms quickly and easily while synthesizing nanosheet structures, and the resulting synergistic interactions between the bimetals and the mutual support effect of the nanosheets can effectively enhance electron transfer and improve cycling stability. The electrochemical results show that the Fe and Co-doped sample (Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub>-Co/Fe-5) exhibits a specific capacitance of 3351 F·g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A·g<sup>−1</sup> in the three-electrode system, which is nearly five times higher than the specific capacity of the undoped Fe and Co-doped sample (Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub>), and the capacity retention rate after cycling 5000 cycles at a current density of 10 A·g<sup>−1</sup> is 100 %, the prepared sample (Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub>-Co/Fe-5) was assembled with activated carbon (AC) to form a hybrid supercapacitor, which could provide a maximum power density of 9818 W·kg<sup>−1</sup>, a maximum energy density of 66.25 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup>, and a capacity retention of 94.5 % after 10,000 cycles, with a capacity loss of only 5.6 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of energy storage","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 114568"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}