Journal of energy storage最新文献_第8页

Distribution system operator-led cloud energy storage investment: A Stackelberg game framework for multi-microgrid coordination and dynamic capacity optimization 配电系统运营商主导的云储能投资：多微电网协调和动态容量优化的Stackelberg博弈框架

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120641

Jinchao Li , Hongzhou Yang , Zhikai Yang , Qinliang Tan , Mingyu Liu , Liguo Fan

The rapid integration of distributed renewable energy and microgrids has exposed distribution issues such redundant energy storage investments, low asset usage, and poor coordination. While energy storage can solve the above problems, traditional standalone storage solutions and shared storage schemes based on static contracts or capacity pre-allocation struggle to share capacity and synchronize dispatch to account for network constraints. Additionally, imperfect bidirectional grid access fees and income distribution can distort incentives. A distribution system operator-managed cloud energy storage (CES) investment and capacity leasing method is proposed. A three-tier Stackelberg game structure featuring Distribution System Operators (DSO), Cloud Energy Storage Operator (CESO), and Microgrid Cluster Operator (MGCO) is created. DSO determine time-of-use energy tariffs and dynamic transmission rates, while CESO and MGCO monitor price signals and construct operational plans. In the first part of a two-stage optimal scheduling technique, NSGA-II solves a multi-objective optimization model to compute the microgrid's energy storage leasing needs. Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) and CPLEX calculate phase 2 Stackelberg game equilibrium. Distributing microgrid revenue using power interaction ratio-based cooperative gaming. This investment option for distribution system operators reduces energy storage capacity by 24.36%, transmission capacity by 34.46%, and system operation costs by 17.6% compared to standalone microgrid systems. Lower wind and solar power and external transmission penalties drop 6%, but net load fluctuation mitigation rises 30%. From two to four microgrids, the system retained economic benefits and stability. Research shows that the distribution system operator-led cloud energy storage investment leasing model improves techno-economic performance, incentive coordination, and scalability.

分布式可再生能源与微电网的快速融合暴露出储能投资冗余、资产利用率低、协调不力等分布问题。能源存储可以解决上述问题，而传统的独立存储方案和基于静态合同或容量预分配的共享存储方案由于网络约束，难以实现容量共享和同步调度。此外，不完善的双向电网接入费用和收入分配也会扭曲激励机制。提出了一种配电系统运营商管理的云储能投资和容量租赁方法。创建了分布式系统运营商（DSO）、云储能运营商（CESO）和微电网集群运营商（MGCO）三层Stackelberg博弈结构。DSO确定使用时间的能源关税和动态传输速率，而CESO和MGCO监测价格信号并制定运营计划。在两阶段优化调度技术的第一部分，NSGA-II解决了一个多目标优化模型来计算微电网的储能租赁需求。量子粒子群算法（QPSO）和CPLEX算法计算第二阶段Stackelberg博弈均衡。基于功率交互比的合作博弈分配微电网收益。与独立的微电网系统相比，配电系统运营商的这一投资选择可将储能容量降低24.36%，传输容量降低34.46%，系统运营成本降低17.6%。较低的风能和太阳能发电以及外部输电成本下降了6%，但净负荷波动缓解率上升了30%。从2个到4个微电网，系统保持了经济效益和稳定性。研究表明，配电系统运营商主导的云储能投资租赁模式提高了技术经济效益、激励协调性和可扩展性。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the heating time of steel slag particle material in the application of electric heating energy storage system 电加热储能系统中钢渣颗粒物料加热时间的研究

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120627

Yi Yu , Anjun Ma , Zuoxia Xing , Hengyu Liu , Qingqi Zhao , Zengqiang Tan

This paper proposes an Electro-Thermal Energy Storage (ETES) system using low-cost steel slag particles to address the poor flexibility and high cost of traditional packed-bed systems that rely on specific heat transfer fluids (HTFs). The flow rate of particles critically impacts the heating time and thermal energy storage adequacy, this study systematically investigates the factors influencing the heating time of the particles, establishing a numerical model for particle temperature in the flow tube. Validation shows an average absolute maximum error of 12.5 °C and an average relative error of 7.61% versus experiments. Mechanisms linking electric heating temperature and flow tube diameter to particle temperature response time and heat transfer coefficient were examined through five heating temperatures (400–800 °C) and two tube diameters (28 mm, 45 mm). Increasing heating temperature from 400 °C to 800 °C reduced heating time by 53.99%, shortened temperature dynamic response time by 53.02%, and increased heat transfer coefficient by 85.95%. Reducing tube diameter from 45 mm to 28 mm decreased heating time by 55.13%, shortened dynamic response time by 54.99%, and increased heat transfer coefficient by 30.03%. The particle temperature rise rate reaches a peak when the process strength (the negative logarithm of the ratio of the current excess temperature to the initial excess temperature) is 0.25–0.4. OAT sensitivity analysis revealed higher time constant sensitivity to tube diameter change (index 1.54) than heating temperature change (index 1.28), indicating flow tube diameter optimization is more effective than raising heating temperature for rapid thermal response. Among desert sand, bauxite, and steel slag, although bauxite exhibited the lowest heat transfer coefficient, it demonstrated the shortest dynamic response time. This study provides theoretical and experimental foundations for particle flow rate control.

本文提出了一种利用低成本钢渣颗粒的电-热储能（ETES）系统，以解决依赖于比热传递流体（HTFs）的传统填料床系统灵活性差和成本高的问题。颗粒的流速对加热时间和蓄热充分性有重要影响，本研究系统地研究了颗粒加热时间的影响因素，建立了流管内颗粒温度的数值模型。验证结果表明，与实验相比，平均绝对最大误差为12.5°C，平均相对误差为7.61%。通过五种加热温度（400-800°C）和两种管径（28 mm, 45 mm），研究了电加热温度和流管直径与颗粒温度响应时间和传热系数之间的联系机制。加热温度从400℃提高到800℃，加热时间缩短53.99%，温度动态响应时间缩短53.02%，换热系数提高85.95%。将管径从45 mm减小到28 mm，加热时间缩短55.13%，动态响应时间缩短54.99%，换热系数提高30.03%。当工艺强度（当前超温与初始超温之比的负对数）为0.25 ~ 0.4时，颗粒升温速率达到峰值。OAT灵敏度分析显示，时间常数对管径变化（指数1.54）的敏感性高于加热温度变化（指数1.28），表明优化流动管径比提高加热温度更有效。在沙漠砂、铝土矿和钢渣中，铝土矿的换热系数最低，但动态响应时间最短。该研究为颗粒流速控制提供了理论和实验依据。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of cold storage performance in a seasonal ice storage system using cold air sources and water spray direct contact 冷风源与水雾直接接触的季节性冰蓄冷系统冷库性能实验研究

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120632

Zhengfei Zhang , Zijing Tan , Yimin Xiao , Mengru Ma , Xuan Zhao , Yucheng Ren

Seasonal ice storage (SIS) leverages natural cold energy for low-carbon cooling. This study proposes a seasonal ice storage system (SISS) that utilizes cold air sources and spray direct contact to increase cooling rates while preventing nozzle blockage. Using an enthalpy-different laboratory (EDL), 12-hour experiments were conducted for each case under temperatures from −5 °C to −20 °C, spray pressures of 0.3 MPa and 0.35 MPa, and air velocities from 0.5 to 1.5 m/s. Results indicate no ice blockage occurred, as the nozzle outlet water temperature remains above 0 °C. Compared with −5 °C, the average water temperature drop rate increases by 30.3% and the cooling rate rises by 140% at −20 °C, where an approximately 3 mm “ice-cap” forms on the water surface, and the ice coverage area expands roughly nine times. Increasing spray pressure from 0.3 MPa to 0.35 MPa improves the cooling rate by 17.3%, and enhances heat transfer per unit air volume (HTAV) and per unit spray volume (HTSV) by 17.4% and 9.1% respectively, within −5 °C to −15 °C; At −20 °C, HTSV decreases by 2.4%. Raising air velocity from 0.5 to 1.0 m/s increases HTAV by 18.9% and HTSV by 134.7%, whereas 1.5 m/s caused a 1.5% decrease in HTAV and reduces the HTSV gain to 47.8%. The cold storage capacity (CSC) increases first and then decreases with the water-air ratio, peaking at 0.08. This study provides a reference for the design and operation of SISS.

季节性冰蓄冷（SIS）利用自然冷能进行低碳冷却。本研究提出了一种季节性冰蓄冷系统（SISS），该系统利用冷空气源和喷雾直接接触来提高冷却速度，同时防止喷嘴堵塞。使用焓差实验室（EDL），在温度为- 5°C至- 20°C，喷雾压力为0.3 MPa和0.35 MPa，风速为0.5至1.5 m/s的条件下，对每种情况进行了12小时的实验。结果表明，喷嘴出水温度保持在0℃以上，未发生冰堵现象。与−5°C相比，−20°C的平均水温下降速率增加了30.3%，冷却速率增加了140%，水面形成了约3毫米的“冰帽”，冰覆盖面积扩大了约9倍。在−5℃~−15℃范围内，将喷雾压力从0.3 MPa提高到0.35 MPa，冷却速率提高17.3%，单位风量换热（HTAV）和单位喷雾量换热（HTSV）分别提高17.4%和9.1%；在−20℃时，HTSV降低2.4%。当风速从0.5 m/s增加到1.0 m/s时，HTAV增加18.9%，HTSV增加134.7%，而1.5 m/s时，HTAV减少1.5%，HTSV增加47.8%。冷库容量随水气比的增大先增大后减小，在0.08时达到最大值。本研究为SISS的设计和运行提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

Thermoregulatory phase change material with ceramization and flame retardancy for high-safety battery thermal management 用于高安全电池热管理的具有陶瓷化和阻燃性的热调节相变材料

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120669

Zhuohui Wu, Junxin Zheng, Wen Su, Tingting Wu, Changhong Wang

To mitigate the risk of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries under extreme operating conditions, this study designs and fabricates a flame-retardant phase change material (CFPCM) with self-ceramicizing capabilities. The material employs octadecyl acrylate (OA) as the matrix and incorporates glass powder (GP), ceramic-forming filler (CP), and zinc borate (ZB) to construct a high-temperature-induced ceramicization system. Experimental results demonstrate that the self-ceramicizing flame-retardant phase change material (CFPCM3), containing 35 wt% ceramic-forming powder, exhibits excellent thermal performance. It possesses a latent heat of 80.5 J/g, thermal conductivity of 1.09 W/(m·K), and demonstrates a strong ceramic-forming effect with effective thermal insulation. Its limiting oxygen index (LOI) reaches 31.6, and it achieves the UL-94 vertical burning V-0 rating. Moreover, the material maintains good shape stability after prolonged heating. When applied to a battery module, CFPCM effectively reduces the peak battery temperature by 9.5% and maintains a temperature difference within 3 °C during 1-4C charge-discharge cycles, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution. These results highlight the potential of the self-ceramicizing flame-retardant phase change material for battery thermal management and safety applications, offering a promising strategy for the development of multifunctional flame-retardant systems.

为了降低锂离子电池在极端工作条件下的热失控风险，本研究设计并制造了一种具有自陶瓷化能力的阻燃相变材料（CFPCM）。该材料以丙烯酸十八酯（OA）为基体，加入玻璃粉（GP）、陶瓷成型填料（CP）和硼酸锌（ZB），构建了高温诱导陶瓷化体系。实验结果表明，含35 wt%陶瓷成型粉的自陶化阻燃相变材料（CFPCM3）具有优异的热性能。它的潜热为80.5 J/g，导热系数为1.09 W/(m·K)，具有较强的陶瓷成型效果和有效的保温效果。其极限氧指数（LOI）达到31.6，达到UL-94垂直燃烧V-0等级。此外，材料在长时间加热后仍保持良好的形状稳定性。CFPCM应用于电池模块，可有效降低电池峰值温度9.5%，在1 ~ 4c的充放电周期内，温差保持在3℃以内，温度分布更加均匀。这些结果突出了自陶化阻燃相变材料在电池热管理和安全应用方面的潜力，为开发多功能阻燃系统提供了一个有希望的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Consistent comparison and thermo-economic optimisation of grid-scale thermo-mechanical energy storage technologies 电网规模热机械储能技术的一致性比较和热经济优化

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120580

Matthias Mersch , Alessio Tafone , Yongliang Zhao , Lizhong Yang , Paul Sapin , Jian Song , Alessandro Romagnoli , Christos N. Markides

Thermo-mechanical energy storage technologies can play an important role in low-carbon energy systems by storing surplus renewable energy and discharging when needed, with several promising variants currently under development for grid‑scale applications. Relevant technologies include adiabatic compressed-air energy storage, liquid-air energy storage, and pumped-thermal electricity storage. In this work, comprehensive thermo‑economic optimisation models are developed for these three technologies, using a unified framework based on consistent performance and cost assumptions. This approach allows for a consistent comparison between these leading thermo-mechanical energy storage technologies. The optimisation and comparisons are performed for a range of nominal discharge power ratings and charging and discharging durations to capture scale effects. Results show that adiabatic compressed‑air energy systems achieve the lowest capital costs but rely on access to available, suitable large underground caverns to store the air. Liquid‑air and pumped‑thermal electricity storage systems do not face such geographical constraints. Between these two options, the former exhibits lower costs at low power ratings (as low as 380 v. 470 $/kWh for 10-MW systems), while the latter is more economical at high nominal power (as low as 160 v. 205 $/kWh for 100-MW systems) and offers a higher energy density (up to 72 v. 30 kWh/m³ for 100-MW systems). Overall, minimum energy capital costs of 124 $/kWh at power capital costs of 1120 $/kW can be achieved for 100‑MW compressed-air systems, which is highly competitive with other grid‑scale energy storage technologies such as electro-chemical batteries, hydrogen storage or power‑to‑gas.

热机械储能技术可以通过储存多余的可再生能源并在需要时放电，在低碳能源系统中发挥重要作用，目前正在开发几种有希望的电网规模应用变体。相关技术包括绝热压缩空气储能、液体空气储能和抽水蓄能。在这项工作中，使用基于一致的性能和成本假设的统一框架，为这三种技术开发了全面的热经济优化模型。这种方法允许在这些领先的热-机械储能技术之间进行一致的比较。优化和比较是在标称放电功率额定值和充电和放电持续时间范围内进行的，以捕获规模效应。结果表明，绝热压缩空气能源系统的投资成本最低，但依赖于可用的、合适的大型地下洞穴来储存空气。液态空气和抽水热电储存系统不面临这种地理限制。在这两种选择之间，前者在低额定功率下的成本较低（10兆瓦系统低至380 v. 470美元/千瓦时），而后者在高标称功率下更经济（100兆瓦系统低至160 v. 205美元/千瓦时），并提供更高的能量密度（100兆瓦系统高达72 v. 30千瓦时/立方米）。总体而言，100兆瓦压缩空气系统的最低能源资本成本为124美元/千瓦时，电力资本成本为1120美元/千瓦，这与其他电网规模的储能技术（如电化学电池、储氢或电转气）具有很强的竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

Adaptive state of energy evaluation for supercapacitor in hybrid electric vehicle applications considering non-integer order impedance 考虑非整数阶阻抗的混合动力汽车超级电容器能量自适应状态评估

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120600

Bin Wang , Yizhe Yan , Lili Bo , Zhiyu Wang , Chaohui Wang

For a hybrid electric vehicle with a supercapacitor pack, accurate state of energy (SOE) evaluation of the supercapacitor is very crucial for energy management and optimization of its power supply system. However, the non-integer impedance of the supercapacitor would affect the model accuracy, posing challenges for accurate SOE evaluation. Herein, this study introduces an adaptive SOE evaluation method that incorporates the non-integer order characteristics of supercapacitors. Specifically, the proposed method can adaptively estimate the fractional order model parameters in real time using an improved sliding mode observer and evaluate the SOE by accounting for the supercapacitor's inherent energy loss. We begin by establishing a fractional order equivalent circuit model that employs a constant phase angle element to capture the non-integer order impedance with higher fidelity. Based on this model, an improved sliding mode observer with a switchable reaching law is developed to track model parameter variations in real time. This enables the model parameter to remain accurate even as the supercapacitor's internal characteristics continue to evolve during operation. Using the real-time estimated parameters, an adaptive SOE evaluation method is then designed that incorporates the supercapacitor's inherent energy losses. Finally, both experimental and simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Under the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) operating conditions, the adaptive SOE evaluation method achieves estimation accuracies of 0.55% and 0.64%, respectively. Even under varying temperature conditions, the method maintains high accuracy, with estimation errors limited to 1.57% and 1.51%, respectively.

对于带有超级电容器组的混合动力汽车，超级电容器的准确能量状态（SOE）评估对其能量管理和供电系统的优化至关重要。然而，超级电容器的非整数阻抗会影响模型的精度，给准确的SOE评估带来挑战。本文引入了一种考虑超级电容器非整数阶特性的自适应SOE评价方法。具体而言，该方法利用改进的滑模观测器实时自适应估计分数阶模型参数，并考虑超级电容器的固有能量损失来评估SOE。我们首先建立了一个分数阶等效电路模型，该模型采用恒定相角元件以更高的保真度捕获非整数阶阻抗。在此基础上，提出了一种具有可切换到达律的改进滑模观测器，用于实时跟踪模型参数的变化。这使得模型参数保持准确，即使超级电容器的内部特性在运行过程中不断演变。利用实时估计参数，设计了一种考虑超级电容器固有能量损失的自适应SOE评估方法。最后，通过实验和仿真验证了该方法的有效性。在Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule （UDDS）和New European Driving Cycle （NEDC）工况下，自适应SOE评价方法的估计精度分别为0.55%和0.64%。即使在不同的温度条件下，该方法仍保持较高的精度，估计误差分别限制在1.57%和1.51%。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical modeling and performance analysis of the novel phase change heat storage tank 新型相变蓄热罐的数值模拟与性能分析

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120658

Xin Nie , Long Li , Qianjun Mao , Ying Xu

To address the issue of low melting rates in phase change materials within the traditional cylindrical shell-tube latent heat thermal energy storage system, a novel structural design for the heat storage tank is proposed in this study. By establishing a three-dimensional physical model of the heat storage tank, the influence of tank geometry and bottom diameter on the thermal storage performance of the latent heat thermal energy storage system is analyzed, and the synergy mechanism between different heat transfer tube designs and tank structures is revealed. Results indicate that reducing the bottom dimensions of the cylindrical tank alone minimizes accumulation of low-temperature solid phase change materials and enhances heat transfer performance in the bottom region. At a bottom diameter of 195 mm, the complete melting time is reduced by 26.7% compared to the reference structure. Furthermore, the optimized conical spiral tube exhibits excellent suitability with the novel heat storage tank, achieving a 37.5% increase in average heat storage rate compared to the conventional conical spiral tube. These findings provide theoretical support for enhancing the heat storage efficiency in the heat storage system.

针对传统圆柱壳管式潜热蓄热系统相变材料熔化速率低的问题，提出了一种新的储热罐结构设计方案。通过建立储热罐的三维物理模型，分析了储热罐几何形状和底直径对潜热蓄热系统蓄热性能的影响，揭示了不同换热管设计与储热罐结构之间的协同作用机理。结果表明，减小圆柱形罐的底部尺寸可以最大限度地减少低温固体相变材料的积累，提高底部区域的传热性能。底部直径为195 mm时，与参考结构相比，完全熔化时间缩短了26.7%。此外，优化后的锥形螺旋管与新型储热罐具有良好的适应性，平均储热率比传统锥形螺旋管提高了37.5%。研究结果为提高储热系统的储热效率提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Spray-based near-isothermal compression and expansion for an offshore wind energy storage system 基于喷雾的近等温压缩和膨胀的海上风能存储系统

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120528

Darryl Jennings Jr., Eric Loth

Compressed air energy storage is a potential solution to the challenges of intermittency for wind turbines. Herein a novel concept is explored, Turbine-Integrated Isothermal Compressed Air Energy Storage (TICAES) which employs the wind-driven rotor as the motor for energy storage and employs the existing nacelle generator for energy regeneration. TICAES also achieved high efficiency by compressing and expanding the air with near-isothermal processes. In this study, this near-isothermal air compression and expansion is explored for an offshore wind turbine by using reciprocating compressor/expander with sprayed water droplets so the processes are nearly isothermal. The goal for such a spray-based system is to mitigate heat loss in the system by utilizing the high heat capacity and large surface area of water in the form of small droplets. A direct-drive approach is employed whereby the rotor speed (7.5 RPM) is also used for the compressor and expander speeds to avoid the need for a gearbox, since gearboxes can be problematic for offshore wind turbines. The slower speed of the rotor also allows higher heat transfer. This work also expands on previous spray-based studies by considering higher pressure ratios and by considering full-scale conditions consistent with a direct-drive offshore wind turbine for turbine-integrated compressed air energy storage. The spray-based numerical model is validated with experiments and is then used to assess the performance of a Megawatt-scale compression/expansion system for various droplet mass loadings and droplet diameters. The results suggest a range of system parameters that can yield isothermal roundtrip efficiencies greater than 90%. However, further work is needed to investigate the impact of multidimensional flow effects, non-linear piston velocities, cycle frequency, the influence of droplet collisions, and the differences between compression and expansion efficiencies. Investigating increased cycle frequencies is especially recommended to help reduce the very large displacement volumes.

压缩空气储能是解决风力涡轮机间歇性挑战的潜在解决方案。本文提出了一种新的概念——涡轮集成等温压缩空气储能系统（TICAES），该系统采用风力转子作为储能电机，利用现有的机舱发电机进行能量再生。TICAES还通过近等温过程压缩和膨胀空气实现了高效率。在本研究中，通过使用喷射水滴的往复式压缩机/膨胀机，探索了海上风力涡轮机的近等温空气压缩和膨胀过程，使其接近等温。这种基于喷雾的系统的目标是通过利用高热容量和小液滴形式的大表面积来减轻系统中的热损失。采用直接驱动方法，其中转子速度（7.5 RPM）也用于压缩机和膨胀机的速度，以避免需要齿轮箱，因为齿轮箱可能是海上风力涡轮机的问题。较慢的转子速度也允许更高的传热。这项工作还扩展了之前基于喷雾的研究，考虑了更高的压力比，并考虑了与涡轮集成压缩空气储能的直接驱动海上风力涡轮机一致的全尺寸条件。通过实验验证了基于喷雾的数值模型，然后用于评估兆瓦级压缩/膨胀系统在不同液滴质量载荷和液滴直径下的性能。结果表明，一系列系统参数可以产生大于90%的等温往返效率。然而，需要进一步研究多维流动效应、非线性活塞速度、循环频率、液滴碰撞的影响以及压缩和膨胀效率之间的差异。特别建议研究增加的循环频率，以帮助减少非常大的排量。

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引用次数: 0

Unlocking long-cycle lithium metal batteries through anion-regulated interfacial engineering 通过阴离子调节界面工程解锁长周期锂金属电池

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120655

Chunhui Gao , Yulong Yang , Danqing Li , Tiantian Huang , Yunqing Jiang , Fangfang Zhong , Wei Zhang , Mei Ding , Chuankun Jia

Lithium metal anodes are promising for high-energy-density batteries. However, their practical application is severely hindered by challenges such as dendritic growth and low Coulombic efficiency (CE). The root cause of dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries lies in the unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). While many strategies, including electrolyte modifications and artificial SEI layers, have been explored, they often fail due to the organic-rich, fragile nature of the SEI. In this work, we investigate the use of a hydrofluoroether diluent, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE), as an electrolyte additive to engineer an anion-derived SEI that enhances interfacial stability. TTE molecules preferentially adsorb on the lithium metal surface, promoting a more uniform Li⁺ flux. The weak interactions between TTE and anions lead to a more ordered anion distribution at the anode surface, facilitating the formation of an SEI film enriched with stable inorganic components, such as Li₃N and LiF. This improved SEI significantly enhances interface stability, suppresses dendrite growth, and prolongs battery life. As a result, the Li||Cu battery's lifetime was extended by 100%, with increasing the average CE. Additionally, this strategy yields substantial improvements in first-cycle discharge capacity and long-term stability in Li||S cells, further highlighting its broad applicability across different battery chemistries.

锂金属阳极在高能量密度电池中很有前景。然而，它们的实际应用受到枝晶生长和低库仑效率（CE）等挑战的严重阻碍。锂金属电池中枝晶形成的根本原因在于固体电解质间相（SEI）不稳定。虽然已经探索了许多策略，包括电解质修饰和人工SEI层，但由于SEI富含有机物，易碎的性质，它们经常失败。在这项工作中，我们研究了使用氢氟醚稀释剂1,1,2,2-四氟乙基-2,2,3,3-四氟丙基醚（TTE）作为电解质添加剂来设计阴离子衍生的SEI，以增强界面稳定性。TTE分子优先吸附在锂金属表面，促进更均匀的Li+通量。TTE与阴离子之间的弱相互作用导致阴离子在阳极表面的分布更加有序，有利于形成富含稳定无机成分（如Li3N和LiF）的SEI膜。这种改进的SEI显著提高了界面稳定性，抑制了枝晶生长，延长了电池寿命。结果表明，Li||Cu电池的寿命延长了100%，平均CE也有所提高。此外，该策略在Li b| |S电池的第一次循环放电容量和长期稳定性方面取得了实质性的改善，进一步突出了其在不同电池化学成分中的广泛适用性。

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引用次数: 0

A solar-driven trigenerational system with thermochemical cycle and thermal energy storage: Case study 具有热化学循环和热能储存的太阳能驱动三代系统：案例研究

IF 8.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of energy storage

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.120519

Sibel Uygun Batgi, Ibrahim Dincer

This study presents a solar-driven trigeneration system integrated with thermal energy storage and thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production. A case study is potentially developed for the location selected in Edmonton, the capital of Alberta, Canada. The region is strategically important for clean hydrogen production, as it hosts major initiatives such as the Edmonton Region Hydrogen Hub supporting Canada's hydrogen economy. The proposed system includes several subsystems such as parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC), thermal energy storage (TES) tanks, copper-chlorine (CuCl) thermochemical cycle, Rankine cycle, and LiBr absorption cooling cycle. The system generates thermal energy through concentrated solar power (CSP) technology, and a continuous operation is ensured through the integration of TES. Electricity is generated by the Rankine cycle, while cooling is provided by a LiBr absorption cooling unit for residential purposes. The CuCl thermochemical water splitting cycle produces hydrogen, which is sent to the H₂ refueling station. The PTSC and TES systems are designed utilizing the System Advisor Model (SAM) software. The Aspen Plus software package is also used to simulate other subsystems. The analysis results conclude that the current system is potentially able to generate 49.6 GWh of electricity, 180.7 tons of H₂, and 4133.9 MWh of cooling annually and that the overall energy and exergy efficiencies are found to be 32.5% and 29.7%, respectively.

本研究提出了一种集热能储存和热化学循环于一体的太阳能三联发电系统。在加拿大艾伯塔省首府埃德蒙顿选定的地点可能会开发一个案例研究。该地区对清洁氢生产具有重要的战略意义，因为它主办了埃德蒙顿地区氢中心等重大倡议，支持加拿大的氢经济。该系统包括几个子系统，如抛物槽太阳能集热器（PTSC）、热能储存（TES）罐、铜氯（CuCl）热化学循环、朗肯循环和LiBr吸收冷却循环。该系统通过聚光太阳能发电（CSP）技术产生热能，并通过集成TES确保连续运行。电力是由朗肯循环产生的，而冷却是由住宅用途的LiBr吸收式冷却装置提供的。CuCl热化学水分解循环产生氢气，送至加氢站。PTSC和TES系统是利用系统顾问模型（SAM）软件设计的。Aspen Plus软件包也用于模拟其他子系统。分析结果表明，目前的系统每年可产生49.6 GWh的电力，180.7吨的氢气和4133.9 MWh的冷却，总能源效率和能源效率分别为32.5%和29.7%。

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引用次数: 0