Zeinab Bedrood, Elaheh Masjedi, F. Hassani, M. Rahbardar, Hossein Hosseinzadeh, Khalil Abnous, S. Mehri, دوردب بنیز, یدجسم ههلا
Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a toxic chemical that is used as a monomer in the production of plastic products. The BPA has an endocrine-disrupting effect and induces damage to the nervous system. Crocin, an active ingredient of Crocus sativus L. has neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate crocin’s effects on BPA-induced memory impairment in rats and the levels of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases (ERK), Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-II (CaMKII), and Cyclic AMP-Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB) proteins in the hippocampus. Method: Bisphenol A (100 mg/kg, gavage) and crocin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, IP) were administered to adult male rats for 28 days. Memory and learning functions were evaluated by the Morris water maze, and the level of proteins was determined using the Western blot method. Results: Administration of the BPA (100 mg/kg) significantly induced memory impairment and reduced the levels of ERK, p.ERK, CaMKII, and p.CREB proteins in the BPA group, compared to the control group. On the other hand, crocin (20 mg/kg) markedly improved learning and memory impairment and increased the levels of ERK, p.ERK, and CaMKII proteins in the hippocampus, compared to the BPA (100 mg/kg) group. Conclusion: Administration of crocin (20 mg/kg) improves memory and learning defects induced by BPA (100 mg/kg). The enhancement of the p.ERK, ERK, and p. CaMKII protein levels in the hippocampus has an important role in crocin protective effects
{"title":"Evaluation the Effect of Crocin on Bisphenol A-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats: Role of ERK, CaMKII, and CREB Proteins in Hippocampus","authors":"Zeinab Bedrood, Elaheh Masjedi, F. Hassani, M. Rahbardar, Hossein Hosseinzadeh, Khalil Abnous, S. Mehri, دوردب بنیز, یدجسم ههلا","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.63","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a toxic chemical that is used as a monomer in the production of plastic products. The BPA has an endocrine-disrupting effect and induces damage to the nervous system. Crocin, an active ingredient of Crocus sativus L. has neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate crocin’s effects on BPA-induced memory impairment in rats and the levels of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases (ERK), Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-II (CaMKII), and Cyclic AMP-Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB) proteins in the hippocampus.\u0000Method: Bisphenol A (100 mg/kg, gavage) and crocin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, IP) were administered to adult male rats for 28 days. Memory and learning functions were evaluated by the Morris water maze, and the level of proteins was determined using the Western blot method.\u0000Results: Administration of the BPA (100 mg/kg) significantly induced memory impairment and reduced the levels of ERK, p.ERK, CaMKII, and p.CREB proteins in the BPA group, compared to the control group. On the other hand, crocin (20 mg/kg) markedly improved learning and memory impairment and increased the levels of ERK, p.ERK, and CaMKII proteins in the hippocampus, compared to the BPA (100 mg/kg) group.\u0000Conclusion: Administration of crocin (20 mg/kg) improves memory and learning defects induced by BPA (100 mg/kg). The enhancement of the p.ERK, ERK, and p. CaMKII protein levels in the hippocampus has an important role in crocin protective effects","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74954537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. T. Ghouchani, Yasaman Jafari, Yekta Rahimi, یناچوق یلکوت دیمح, یرفعج نمسای
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major health problem that has had negative impacts on various aspects of people's lives. This study aimed to present a narrative review of reviews that have addressed the social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic. To achieve this goal, the Pubmed database was searched using keywords related to the fields of social implication, COVID-19, and review studies. Finally, 20 out of 61 articles were approved and their results were reviewed. In the field of education, numerous challenges were mentioned, such as inequality and lack of access to the necessary facilities to use virtual education, increasing workload, insufficient virtual education, negative impact on mental health, reduction in the quality of educator-learner communication, lack of technology knowledge of educators, reduced participation, activity and motivation of students, and ergonomic problems caused by the use of digital educational tools. In the field of violence, three dimensions of violence against women, children, and healthcare personnel were studied. The factors affecting this field included women's increased economic dependence, limited access to shelter, and increased economic pressure on men due to unemployment and losing jobs. Other problems caused by the epidemic involved the loss of breadwinners, unemployment, reduction in imports and exports, decrease in the gross domestic product, reduced access to food, and food insecurity
{"title":"Social Impacts of the COVID-19 Epidemic on the World: A Narrative Review of Reviews","authors":"H. T. Ghouchani, Yasaman Jafari, Yekta Rahimi, یناچوق یلکوت دیمح, یرفعج نمسای","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.100","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major health problem that has had negative impacts on various aspects of people's lives. This study aimed to present a narrative review of reviews that have addressed the social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic. To achieve this goal, the Pubmed database was searched using keywords related to the fields of social implication, COVID-19, and review studies. Finally, 20 out of 61 articles were approved and their results were reviewed. In the field of education, numerous challenges were mentioned, such as inequality and lack of access to the necessary facilities to use virtual education, increasing workload, insufficient virtual education, negative impact on mental health, reduction in the quality of educator-learner communication, lack of technology knowledge of educators, reduced participation, activity and motivation of students, and ergonomic problems caused by the use of digital educational tools. In the field of violence, three dimensions of violence against women, children, and healthcare personnel were studied. The factors affecting this field included women's increased economic dependence, limited access to shelter, and increased economic pressure on men due to unemployment and losing jobs. Other problems caused by the epidemic involved the loss of breadwinners, unemployment, reduction in imports and exports, decrease in the gross domestic product, reduced access to food, and food insecurity","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89517160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Considering the effectiveness of polymorphisms in the occurrence of respiratory diseases, it seems that these genetic variations in viral and microbial receptors can be effective in the occurrence and progression of the disease. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the C-159T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter and the severity of the disease in Covid-19 patients during 2020-2021. Method: The subjects were randomly selected from subjects referred for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and studied in five groups: healthy, outpatient, non-critically ill hospitalized, critically ill hospitalized, and deceased patients. The peripheral blood (3ml) was obtained from all patients and DNA was extracted. Thereafter, C-159T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The genotype frequency was determined in terms of heterozygosity, homozygosity, and mutant regarding polymorphism. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) (P<0.05). Results: The results pointed out that the most common C-159T polymorphism was the CT polymorphism, which was observed in 107 (51.0%) subjects and was significantly higher than other polymorphisms in all PCR- and PCR+ participants. This difference was not significant for deceased people. Conclusion: According to the results pointing out that the C-159T polymorphism is effective in causing the disease, as well as the significant relationship between the TT and CT genotypes with the coronavirus, the probability of developing the disease is higher in T allele carriers. Therefore, it is suggested that CT polymorphism in CD14 gene promoter is considered an important prognosis in coronavirus disease.
{"title":"Investigating the relationship between C-159T polymorphism in CD14 gene promoter and disease severity in 2019 corona virus patients","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Considering the effectiveness of polymorphisms in the occurrence of respiratory diseases, it seems that these genetic variations in viral and microbial receptors can be effective in the occurrence and progression of the disease. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the C-159T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter and the severity of the disease in Covid-19 patients during 2020-2021.\u0000Method: The subjects were randomly selected from subjects referred for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and studied in five groups: healthy, outpatient, non-critically ill hospitalized, critically ill hospitalized, and deceased patients. The peripheral blood (3ml) was obtained from all patients and DNA was extracted. Thereafter, C-159T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The genotype frequency was determined in terms of heterozygosity, homozygosity, and mutant regarding polymorphism. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) (P<0.05).\u0000Results: The results pointed out that the most common C-159T polymorphism was the CT polymorphism, which was observed in 107 (51.0%) subjects and was significantly higher than other polymorphisms in all PCR- and PCR+ participants. This difference was not significant for deceased people.\u0000Conclusion: According to the results pointing out that the C-159T polymorphism is effective in causing the disease, as well as the significant relationship between the TT and CT genotypes with the coronavirus, the probability of developing the disease is higher in T allele carriers. Therefore, it is suggested that CT polymorphism in CD14 gene promoter is considered an important prognosis in coronavirus disease.","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74675951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Pirou, Abbas Qaltash, Ali Asghar Mashinchi, وریپ میرم
Introduction: This research aimed to design and validate the education model of philosophy of life for students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from the point of view of professors. Method: This qualitative research was performed on eight university professors selected through the purposeful sampling method. In the qualitative section, a semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data until theoretical saturation was reached. The qualitative data analysis method was open and central with selective coding. Its validity and reliability were measured through factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and were confirmed at 0.87 and 0.83, respectively. Results: Regarding the pattern of the components of social life philosophy, individual life philosophy, religious life philosophy, and moral life philosophy, 10, 9, 6, and 8 key concepts were obtained, respectively. In total, 33 concepts were obtained from the results. Conclusion: Based on the review of results, the components of the causal conditions include four main components and 13 secondary components were confirmed. Finally, the findings and the teaching model presented in this research were confirmed.
{"title":"Design and Validation of the Teaching Model of Philosophy of Life for Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from the Point of View of Professors","authors":"Maryam Pirou, Abbas Qaltash, Ali Asghar Mashinchi, وریپ میرم","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.38","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research aimed to design and validate the education model of philosophy of life for students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from the point of view of professors.\u0000Method: This qualitative research was performed on eight university professors selected through the purposeful sampling method. In the qualitative section, a semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data until theoretical saturation was reached. The qualitative data analysis method was open and central with selective coding. Its validity and reliability were measured through factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and were confirmed at 0.87 and 0.83, respectively.\u0000Results: Regarding the pattern of the components of social life philosophy, individual life philosophy, religious life philosophy, and moral life philosophy, 10, 9, 6, and 8 key concepts were obtained, respectively. In total, 33 concepts were obtained from the results.\u0000Conclusion: Based on the review of results, the components of the causal conditions include four main components and 13 secondary components were confirmed. Finally, the findings and the teaching model presented in this research were confirmed.","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78996212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. R. Mansoorian, S. Khosravan, Moosa Sajjadi, Mansoor Soltani, A. Khazaei
Introduction: The use of modern teaching methods to train practice nurses empowers them to play their roles. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Team Member Teaching Design (TMTD) and the routine teaching methods on the diabetes-related knowledge of the community covered by practice nurses. Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 24 practice nurses and 192 persons from the community covered by them. The samples were assigned into two groups of experiment and control via a simple randomization method. Diabetes care education was presented to the intervention and control groups using the TMTD and routine methods, respectively. The required data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire related to diabetes and the TMTD model. The gathered data were analyzed in the SPSS-20 statistical package using the independent t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge on TMTD between the practice nurses in the control and intervention groups after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean knowledge scores improved in the intervention group (12.08±1.44) compared to the controls (0.577±0.166) over time. Similarly, there were significant differences regarding the mean scores of diabetes-related knowledge in the community covered by the practice nurses in the experimental and control groups after the intervention (13.23±1.30 vs. 10.37±1.89) and at follow-up (12.42±1.49 vs. 9.96±1.72, respectively) (P<0.001). Conclusion: The TMTD increased the learning of practice nurses and the community covered by them more than the routine teaching method.
前言:运用现代教学方法培养实习护士，使其发挥应有的作用。本研究旨在比较团队成员教学设计(Team Member Teaching Design, TMTD)与常规教学方法对社区执业护士糖尿病相关知识的教学效果。方法:对24名执业护士及其所覆盖社区的192人进行准实验研究。采用简单随机法将样本分为实验组和对照组两组。对干预组和对照组分别采用TMTD和常规方法进行糖尿病护理教育。所需的数据是通过研究者制作的与糖尿病和TMTD模型相关的问卷来收集的。采用SPSS-20统计软件包对收集到的数据进行独立t检验、配对t检验和重复测量方差分析。结果:干预后，对照组实习护士与干预组实习护士对TMTD知识的平均得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。随着时间的推移，干预组的平均知识得分(12.08±1.44)高于对照组(0.577±0.166)。实验组与对照组执业护士对社区糖尿病相关知识的平均得分，干预后分别为13.23±1.30分和10.37±1.89分，随访时分别为12.42±1.49分和9.96±1.72分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:TMTD教学方法比常规教学方法更能提高实习护士及其所覆盖社区的学习水平。
{"title":"Effectiveness of Team Member Teaching Design on diabetes-related knowledge of practice nurses and the community covered by them","authors":"M. R. Mansoorian, S. Khosravan, Moosa Sajjadi, Mansoor Soltani, A. Khazaei","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.55","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of modern teaching methods to train practice nurses empowers them to play their roles. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Team Member Teaching Design (TMTD) and the routine teaching methods on the diabetes-related knowledge of the community covered by practice nurses.\u0000Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 24 practice nurses and 192 persons from the community covered by them. The samples were assigned into two groups of experiment and control via a simple randomization method. Diabetes care education was presented to the intervention and control groups using the TMTD and routine methods, respectively. The required data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire related to diabetes and the TMTD model. The gathered data were analyzed in the SPSS-20 statistical package using the independent t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.\u0000Results: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge on TMTD between the practice nurses in the control and intervention groups after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean knowledge scores improved in the intervention group (12.08±1.44) compared to the controls (0.577±0.166) over time. Similarly, there were significant differences regarding the mean scores of diabetes-related knowledge in the community covered by the practice nurses in the experimental and control groups after the intervention (13.23±1.30 vs. 10.37±1.89) and at follow-up (12.42±1.49 vs. 9.96±1.72, respectively) (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The TMTD increased the learning of practice nurses and the community covered by them more than the routine teaching method.","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90057081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: According to the report of the World Health Organization represent-ative in Iran and expressing regret over the increasing and cautionary trend of injuries and deaths due to traffic accidents, road casualties in this country have been increasing since 2017, and they are among the five most important causes of death in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to locate the emergency stations on the roads leading to Bojnurd, North Khorasan Province, Iran, in order to reduce injuries and deaths and provide timely services to the injured and accident victims. Method: This applied research used a positivism philosophy, library documents, specialized references, previous studies, field research, observations, and interviews. Based on experts' opinions, 10 locating factors were selected for weighting using multi-criteria decision-making methods (FAHP). Afterward, a fine-grained zoning map was provided in GIS utilizing FUZZY logic. Results: Physical, demographic, social, and geographic data were used in this study to locate the emergency stations on the roads of this province. The results revealed four desirable locations for the construction of emergency statins on the roads leading to Bojnurd. Conclusion: The selection of the correct place to construct emergency stations plays a significant role in reducing the time for the emergency vehicle to reach the patient's bedside. Therefore, the location and placement of emergency centers and the arrangement of these services on the road, as well as the optimal distribution of these centers have a significant impact on the type of performance and quality of service
{"title":"Locating the Emergency Centers on High-risk Roads Leading to Bojnurd using Analytical Hierarchy Process-Fuzzy Method (FAHP)","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to the report of the World Health Organization represent-ative in Iran and expressing regret over the increasing and cautionary trend of injuries and deaths due to traffic accidents, road casualties in this country have been increasing since 2017, and they are among the five most important causes of death in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to locate the emergency stations on the roads leading to Bojnurd, North Khorasan Province, Iran, in order to reduce injuries and deaths and provide timely services to the injured and accident victims.\u0000Method: This applied research used a positivism philosophy, library documents, specialized references, previous studies, field research, observations, and interviews. Based on experts' opinions, 10 locating factors were selected for weighting using multi-criteria decision-making methods (FAHP). Afterward, a fine-grained zoning map was provided in GIS utilizing FUZZY logic.\u0000Results: Physical, demographic, social, and geographic data were used in this study to locate the emergency stations on the roads of this province. The results revealed four desirable locations for the construction of emergency statins on the roads leading to Bojnurd.\u0000Conclusion: The selection of the correct place to construct emergency stations plays a significant role in reducing the time for the emergency vehicle to reach the patient's bedside. Therefore, the location and placement of emergency centers and the arrangement of these services on the road, as well as the optimal distribution of these centers have a significant impact on the type of performance and quality of service","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88171280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite with relatively high prevalence in human societies. Due to the lack of information on toxoplasmosis infection in school-aged children in Bojnord, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in school-age students and the level of vitamin D3 deficiency in them in Bojnurd, Northeast of Iran. Method: In this cross-sectional study, the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies and their correlation with vitamin D3 deficiency were analyzed with ELISA among 361 school-aged children living in the urban areas of Bojnord. Results: Of the 361 recruited subjects, 175 (48.5%) cases were male, and 186 (51.5%) subjects were female. They were within the age range of 7-18 years. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii among school children was 6% (22/361), that were positive for T. gondii IgG, and none of the children were positive for T. gondii IgM. No significant difference was found between males and females. Seropositivity to toxoplasmosis was not significantly associated with age, gender, residential area, and having contact with cats (P>0.05). Vitamin D3 deficiency was observed only in eight students with anti-toxoplasma antibodies. Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among school-aged children in Bojnord is relatively low; nonetheless, vitamin D3 deficiency was observed in people with toxoplasmosis; therefore, control programs and health education are necessary to prevent toxoplasmosis in children
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Vitamin D3 Concentration among School Children 7-18 Years Old in Bojnurd City","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.30","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite with relatively high prevalence in human societies. Due to the lack of information on toxoplasmosis infection in school-aged children in Bojnord, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in school-age students and the level of vitamin D3 deficiency in them in Bojnurd, Northeast of Iran.\u0000Method: In this cross-sectional study, the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies and their correlation with vitamin D3 deficiency were analyzed with ELISA among 361 school-aged children living in the urban areas of Bojnord.\u0000Results: Of the 361 recruited subjects, 175 (48.5%) cases were male, and 186 (51.5%) subjects were female. They were within the age range of 7-18 years. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii among school children was 6% (22/361), that were positive for T. gondii IgG, and none of the children were positive for T. gondii IgM. No significant difference was found between males and females. Seropositivity to toxoplasmosis was not significantly associated with age, gender, residential area, and having contact with cats (P>0.05). Vitamin D3 deficiency was observed only in eight students with anti-toxoplasma antibodies.\u0000Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among school-aged children in Bojnord is relatively low; nonetheless, vitamin D3 deficiency was observed in people with toxoplasmosis; therefore, control programs and health education are necessary to prevent toxoplasmosis in children","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79494897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahman Shamshadi, R. Askari, Rasul Rezaei, Amir Hossein Haghighi, یداشمش نمهب
Introduction: MicroRNAs have been reported as potentially valuable biomarkers for various diseases, including diabetes, heart diseases, neurological diseases, and age-related diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of intense intermittent exercise on the expression of mir146a, blood sugar, insulin, and insulin resistance in the hippocampus of aged diabetic male rats. Method: This study was performed on 40 male Wistar rats aged 18-21 months with an average weight of 280±20 g. After becoming diabetic through streptozotocin solution, they were randomly divided into 4 groups, including 1) healthy high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise, 2) healthy control, 3) diabetic HIIT exercise, and 4) diabetic control. It should be mentioned that each group included 10 rats. The exercise groups exercised 5 days a week according to the HIIT programs for 8 weeks. The collected data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism software (version 8) at a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The results showed that 8 weeks of HIIT exercise increased the expression of mir146a in both of the exercise groups, compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the blood sugar, insulin, and insulin resistance levels significantly decreased in the diabetic exercise, healthy HIIT exercise, and healthy control groups, compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that 8 weeks of HIIT training, which increased the expression of mir146a, can reduce neuronal destruction in the hippocampus region. Moreover, it can be used as a suitable non-therapeutic mechanism for diabetics to prevent or reduce damage in this brain region that is related to cognitive abilities
{"title":"Investigation of an Increase in the Expression of the Mir146a Gene in The Hippocampus and a Decrease in the Levels of Blood Sugar, Insulin, and Insulin Resistance in Elderly Diabetic Rats after a Period of High-Intensity Interval Training","authors":"Bahman Shamshadi, R. Askari, Rasul Rezaei, Amir Hossein Haghighi, یداشمش نمهب","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.75","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: MicroRNAs have been reported as potentially valuable biomarkers for various diseases, including diabetes, heart diseases, neurological diseases, and age-related diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of intense intermittent exercise on the expression of mir146a, blood sugar, insulin, and insulin resistance in the hippocampus of aged diabetic male rats.\u0000Method: This study was performed on 40 male Wistar rats aged 18-21 months with an average weight of 280±20 g. After becoming diabetic through streptozotocin solution, they were randomly divided into 4 groups, including 1) healthy high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise, 2) healthy control, 3) diabetic HIIT exercise, and 4) diabetic control. It should be mentioned that each group included 10 rats. The exercise groups exercised 5 days a week according to the HIIT programs for 8 weeks. The collected data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism software (version 8) at a significance level of P<0.05.\u0000Results: The results showed that 8 weeks of HIIT exercise increased the expression of mir146a in both of the exercise groups, compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the blood sugar, insulin, and insulin resistance levels significantly decreased in the diabetic exercise, healthy HIIT exercise, and healthy control groups, compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: It can be concluded that 8 weeks of HIIT training, which increased the expression of mir146a, can reduce neuronal destruction in the hippocampus region. Moreover, it can be used as a suitable non-therapeutic mechanism for diabetics to prevent or reduce damage in this brain region that is related to cognitive abilities","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83852715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Cancer is the second cause of death. The use of a new drug delivery system that can deliver the drug to the tumor site and prevent it from entering the body's natural tissues is essential. Metal oxide nanoparticles have been considered one of the effective candidates for cancer treatment. For this reason, our study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic effect of the simultaneous use of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles and curcumin on the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) breast cancer cell line. Method: The MTT colorimetric method was used to investigate the synergistic effects of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin. Cells with different concentrations of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin, including 3.9, 7.8, 15.62, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 micrograms/ml during 24 and 48 h were incubated in triplicate to observe the synergistic effects of each of these concentrations, ratios of 1 to 1, 0.5 to 0.5, 0.25 to 0.75 of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin were used. The viability of the cells treated with the drug was determined in the form of the percentage of light absorption of the produced formazan and was shown in a two-dimensional curve. Results: The effect of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles alone on the survival rate of cancer cells had a significant difference with curcumin. In addition, in the simultaneous examination of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles and curcumin, much more cytotoxicity was observed than in Ag/ZnO alone. Conclusion: In general, the simultaneous use of chemotherapy drugs and nanoparticles can decrease the concentration of chemotherapy drugs used in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Concomitant Use of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles and Curcumin on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Line","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/nkums.15.2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.15.2.61","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer is the second cause of death. The use of a new drug delivery system that can deliver the drug to the tumor site and prevent it from entering the body's natural tissues is essential. Metal oxide nanoparticles have been considered one of the effective candidates for cancer treatment. For this reason, our study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic effect of the simultaneous use of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles and curcumin on the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) breast cancer cell line.\u0000Method: The MTT colorimetric method was used to investigate the synergistic effects of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin. Cells with different concentrations of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin, including 3.9, 7.8, 15.62, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 micrograms/ml during 24 and 48 h were incubated in triplicate to observe the synergistic effects of each of these concentrations, ratios of 1 to 1, 0.5 to 0.5, 0.25 to 0.75 of zinc oxide silver nanoparticles and curcumin were used. The viability of the cells treated with the drug was determined in the form of the percentage of light absorption of the produced formazan and was shown in a two-dimensional curve.\u0000Results: The effect of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles alone on the survival rate of cancer cells had a significant difference with curcumin. In addition, in the simultaneous examination of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles and curcumin, much more cytotoxicity was observed than in Ag/ZnO alone.\u0000Conclusion: In general, the simultaneous use of chemotherapy drugs and nanoparticles can decrease the concentration of chemotherapy drugs used in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81556987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyede Mahrokh Alinaghimaddah, Mohammad Reza Akbari, Kazem Kazemnejad Tabrizi, Vahid Ownagh, Seyed Esmaeil Hatami
Introduction: Cataract surgery is a common surgery, especially among the elderly, and the choice of anesthesia medications is critical in such patients. In this study, the effects of midazolam, propofol, and dexmedetomidine were investigated for sedation in patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia. Method: Ninety patients were included in this study and underwent cataract surgery using class II and III anesthesia (according to the ASA criteria). They were also randomly assigned to three groups. The first group received midazolam, the second group received propofol, and the third group received dexmedetomidine. During the surgery and recovery phase, blood pressure, arterial blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and the occurrence of complications were recorded. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 23) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Alterations in arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05); however, there were fewer changes in SpO2 levels at recovery in the propofol group (P<0.05). Moreover, alterations in blood pressure did not differ significantly across the three groups during the surgery (P>0.05), whereas during the recovery, they were lower in the group receiving dexmedetomidine (P>0.05). Finally, Heart rates were not significantly different among the three groups during surgery and recovery (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results demonstrated that in patients with hypertension and tachycardia, dexmedetomidine may be a better choice for sedation.
{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Midazolam, Propofol, and Dexmede-tomidine on Hemodynamics Variation in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery under Local Anesthesia at 5th Azar Hospital in Gorgan in 2021-2022","authors":"Seyede Mahrokh Alinaghimaddah, Mohammad Reza Akbari, Kazem Kazemnejad Tabrizi, Vahid Ownagh, Seyed Esmaeil Hatami","doi":"10.32592/nkums.14.4.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/nkums.14.4.47","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cataract surgery is a common surgery, especially among the elderly, and the choice of anesthesia medications is critical in such patients. In this study, the effects of midazolam, propofol, and dexmedetomidine were investigated for sedation in patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia.\u0000Method: Ninety patients were included in this study and underwent cataract surgery using class II and III anesthesia (according to the ASA criteria). They were also randomly assigned to three groups. The first group received midazolam, the second group received propofol, and the third group received dexmedetomidine. During the surgery and recovery phase, blood pressure, arterial blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and the occurrence of complications were recorded. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 23) at a significance level of 0.05.\u0000Results: Alterations in arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05); however, there were fewer changes in SpO2 levels at recovery in the propofol group (P<0.05). Moreover, alterations in blood pressure did not differ significantly across the three groups during the surgery (P>0.05), whereas during the recovery, they were lower in the group receiving dexmedetomidine (P>0.05). Finally, Heart rates were not significantly different among the three groups during surgery and recovery (P>0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The results demonstrated that in patients with hypertension and tachycardia, dexmedetomidine may be a better choice for sedation.","PeriodicalId":16423,"journal":{"name":"journal of north khorasan university of medical sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77075340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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