Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.3987
J. Vaghasiya
The main issue in India and at a global level that led to antibiotic resistance is misuse, irrational prescribing of antibiotics, and lack of sufficient data on antibiotic resistance at a local, regional, and national level to develop antibiotic policy that guides all healthcare professional while prescribing antibiotics. The present study was carried out for 12 months in a tertiary care teaching hospital in western India to develop an antibiogram and to check antimicrobial resistance trends in the hospital. Out of 500 patients, 53.6% were male and 46.4% were female patients. A total of 17 bacterial species were identified throughout the study with gram-negative species infections being most common in hospitals. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated gram-negative species. Ceftriaxone was most prescribed frequently followed by amoxicillin and azithromycin, respectively. In the gram-positive organism, ceftriaxone and amoxicillin resistance rate was 65.35% and 35% respectively. Overall, in the study Cceftriaxone (58%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (38.9%), Azithromycin (56%), and ciprofloxacin (53%) were found most resistant antibiotics, and Amikacin (72%), Clindamycin (18%) were most sensitive. Gram-negative infections were identified mostly and cephalosporine and fluoroquinolones antibiotics were showing high antibiotic resistance. An institutional hospital antibiogram was developed to check local antimicrobial agents for various bacteria.
{"title":"Susceptibility and resistance pattern of bacterial isolates and development of antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital of western India","authors":"J. Vaghasiya","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.3987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.3987","url":null,"abstract":"The main issue in India and at a global level that led to antibiotic resistance is misuse, irrational prescribing of antibiotics, and lack of sufficient data on antibiotic resistance at a local, regional, and national level to develop antibiotic policy that guides all healthcare professional while prescribing antibiotics. The present study was carried out for 12 months in a tertiary care teaching hospital in western India to develop an antibiogram and to check antimicrobial resistance trends in the hospital. Out of 500 patients, 53.6% were male and 46.4% were female patients. A total of 17 bacterial species were identified throughout the study with gram-negative species infections being most common in hospitals. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated gram-negative species. Ceftriaxone was most prescribed frequently followed by amoxicillin and azithromycin, respectively. In the gram-positive organism, ceftriaxone and amoxicillin resistance rate was 65.35% and 35% respectively. Overall, in the study Cceftriaxone (58%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (38.9%), Azithromycin (56%), and ciprofloxacin (53%) were found most resistant antibiotics, and Amikacin (72%), Clindamycin (18%) were most sensitive. Gram-negative infections were identified mostly and cephalosporine and fluoroquinolones antibiotics were showing high antibiotic resistance. An institutional hospital antibiogram was developed to check local antimicrobial agents for various bacteria.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91524731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4395
Beldona Hema Rekha
During clinical trials, special populations such as children, pregnant women and elderly are excluded, creating lack of information on safety profile of medicines in these population. The lack of reliable efficacy and safety data often leads to under- or over-dosing in paediatric age groups which make them susceptible to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of ADR reports and serious ADRs among paediatric population in Malaysia. Descriptive analyses were undertaken for demographic characteristics and severity of the ADRs. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify association between selected variables and ADRs. A total of 3410 paediatric case reports for 6769 ADRs were reported within the 5-year period. Children aged one to 12 years old were the most frequently reported to experience ADRs (n=5488, 81%). Male gender exceeds more than half of the ADR reports (n=3812, 56.3%) and Malay race has the highest ADR reports (n=4780, 72%). Majority of the ADR reports were not serious (n=6285, 93%). Anti-infective medicines contributed most of the ADR reports (n=6024, 75%). The most common ADRs were from general disorders and administration site conditions (n=2879, 43%). A binary logistic regression showed male gender were more likely to experience nervous and respiratory system disorder ADRs (p < 0.05). Surveillance of medicines marketed for use in children must be strengthened to prevent severe life-threatening ADRs. Effective support decision tool for prescribing in paediatric population with an integrated pharmacovigilance monitoring will support continuous safety monitoring for all marketed medicines.
{"title":"Characteristics of paediatric adverse drug reaction reports in Malaysia","authors":"Beldona Hema Rekha","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4395","url":null,"abstract":"During clinical trials, special populations such as children, pregnant women and elderly are excluded, creating lack of information on safety profile of medicines in these population. The lack of reliable efficacy and safety data often leads to under- or over-dosing in paediatric age groups which make them susceptible to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of ADR reports and serious ADRs among paediatric population in Malaysia. Descriptive analyses were undertaken for demographic characteristics and severity of the ADRs. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify association between selected variables and ADRs. A total of 3410 paediatric case reports for 6769 ADRs were reported within the 5-year period. Children aged one to 12 years old were the most frequently reported to experience ADRs (n=5488, 81%). Male gender exceeds more than half of the ADR reports (n=3812, 56.3%) and Malay race has the highest ADR reports (n=4780, 72%). Majority of the ADR reports were not serious (n=6285, 93%). Anti-infective medicines contributed most of the ADR reports (n=6024, 75%). The most common ADRs were from general disorders and administration site conditions (n=2879, 43%). A binary logistic regression showed male gender were more likely to experience nervous and respiratory system disorder ADRs (p < 0.05). Surveillance of medicines marketed for use in children must be strengthened to prevent severe life-threatening ADRs. Effective support decision tool for prescribing in paediatric population with an integrated pharmacovigilance monitoring will support continuous safety monitoring for all marketed medicines.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76488795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4402
M. K. Kathiravan
Tuberculosis, a major contagious air-borne disease, killing millions in a year. Many of the existing anti-tubercular drugs have acquired bacterial resistance. Though they are highly bactericidal but, later on due to several factors like poor patient compliance, incomplete therapy, etc. leading to treatment relapse. This enables researcher to focus on identifying new leads utilizing structure-based drug design which plays a crucial role in drug development. The mycolic acid synthesized by Pks 13 is identified as a perfect target and hence a series of molecules were designed and the best fit ligands with a least energy were picked and analysed for Insilco bioactivity and drug likeness. Five best docked Molecules satisfied the Lipinski rule of five, namely the number of hydrogen bond donors, acceptors, log P, total polar surface area and the number of rotatable bonds. The bioactivity was found to be moderate to excellent against the receptor. The target molecules were synthesised via amino esters to yield pentafluorinated thiophene derivatives. Among the series, molecule 12 was found to be more potent when tested for antitubercular activity by Microplate Alomar blue assay technique.
{"title":"Design synthesis and biological evaluation of thiophene 2- pentafluoro benzamide derivatives as antitubercular agent","authors":"M. K. Kathiravan","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4402","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis, a major contagious air-borne disease, killing millions in a year. Many of the existing anti-tubercular drugs have acquired bacterial resistance. Though they are highly bactericidal but, later on due to several factors like poor patient compliance, incomplete therapy, etc. leading to treatment relapse. This enables researcher to focus on identifying new leads utilizing structure-based drug design which plays a crucial role in drug development. The mycolic acid synthesized by Pks 13 is identified as a perfect target and hence a series of molecules were designed and the best fit ligands with a least energy were picked and analysed for Insilco bioactivity and drug likeness. Five best docked Molecules satisfied the Lipinski rule of five, namely the number of hydrogen bond donors, acceptors, log P, total polar surface area and the number of rotatable bonds. The bioactivity was found to be moderate to excellent against the receptor. The target molecules were synthesised via amino esters to yield pentafluorinated thiophene derivatives. Among the series, molecule 12 was found to be more potent when tested for antitubercular activity by Microplate Alomar blue assay technique.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81571847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4706
Pragya Kumar
Abnormal stress due to poor posture and work environment are contributing factors in musculoskeletal adaptations resulting in problems like neck pain, back pain, shoulder pain, etc. The scapula plays several roles in facilitating optimal shoulder function and it is very important for the function of the upper extremity. Thereby impact of work-related posture & stress on computer professionals with scapular dyskinesis should be established. 350 male computer professionals (Mean Age = 34.89±8.51 years) following written informed consent were recruited from IT companies and volunteered for this study. Computer professionals involved in fieldwork, with BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2 , having congenital postural deformities, undergone neck/shoulder surgeries were excluded from the study. Each professional was examined for scapular dyskinesis using Kibler’s rating system (Yes/No method). Professionals were then examined for Work related posture using - Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) & Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and perception of stress during work [Perceived stress scale (PSS)]. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the association was analyzed using chi-square and bivariate logistic regression. (Level of significance p<0.05). In the present study, 78% (n = 273) of computer professionals were found to have scapular dyskinesis. Assessment using ROSA indicated 56.3% (n= 197, χ² (1, n=350) =11.0, p=0.004] [(OR = 0.54; p=0.01)] computer professionals have moderate risk, 15.1% (n=53) have mild and 6.6% (n=23) have a moderate risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. Similarly, the RULA scale assessment highlighted 66% [(n=231, χ² (1, n=350) =11.3, p=0.045] [OR =0.87; p=0.28)] computer professionals having poor posture, 7.2% (n=25) with worst posture and only 4.8% (n=17) having mild deviation. Perception of stress during work was low in 4.3% (n=15), moderate in 67.1% [(n=235, χ² (1, n=350) =2.5, p=0.27][(Exp(B)=0.95; p=0.04)]) and high in 23% (n=23) computer professionals. The present study concluded that computer professionals with scapular dyskinesis represent poor posture and have a moderate risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders along with moderate stress while working on computers.
{"title":"Association of Work-related posture and stress with Scapular dyskinesis among Computer professionals","authors":"Pragya Kumar","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4706","url":null,"abstract":"Abnormal stress due to poor posture and work environment are contributing factors in musculoskeletal adaptations resulting in problems like neck pain, back pain, shoulder pain, etc. The scapula plays several roles in facilitating optimal shoulder function and it is very important for the function of the upper extremity. Thereby impact of work-related posture & stress on computer professionals with scapular dyskinesis should be established. 350 male computer professionals (Mean Age = 34.89±8.51 years) following written informed consent were recruited from IT companies and volunteered for this study. Computer professionals involved in fieldwork, with BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2 , having congenital postural deformities, undergone neck/shoulder surgeries were excluded from the study. Each professional was examined for scapular dyskinesis using Kibler’s rating system (Yes/No method). Professionals were then examined for Work related posture using - Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) & Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and perception of stress during work [Perceived stress scale (PSS)]. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the association was analyzed using chi-square and bivariate logistic regression. (Level of significance p<0.05). In the present study, 78% (n = 273) of computer professionals were found to have scapular dyskinesis. Assessment using ROSA indicated 56.3% (n= 197, χ² (1, n=350) =11.0, p=0.004] [(OR = 0.54; p=0.01)] computer professionals have moderate risk, 15.1% (n=53) have mild and 6.6% (n=23) have a moderate risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. Similarly, the RULA scale assessment highlighted 66% [(n=231, χ² (1, n=350) =11.3, p=0.045] [OR =0.87; p=0.28)] computer professionals having poor posture, 7.2% (n=25) with worst posture and only 4.8% (n=17) having mild deviation. Perception of stress during work was low in 4.3% (n=15), moderate in 67.1% [(n=235, χ² (1, n=350) =2.5, p=0.27][(Exp(B)=0.95; p=0.04)]) and high in 23% (n=23) computer professionals. The present study concluded that computer professionals with scapular dyskinesis represent poor posture and have a moderate risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders along with moderate stress while working on computers.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91042805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4507
Bahia Glalal Abd El-Razik Siam
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses working in the clinical sector encountered a variety of challenges related to increased stress, which had an influence on the nurses' ability to provide care for patients. The Aim of study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency nurses’ stress at the emergency department of King Salman Specialist Hospital in Hail, Saudi Arabia. A descriptive research design was utilized. Subjects included all available nurses who were working in the previous setting. The Instruments used in data collection consisted of the socio demographic data sheet of the studied nurses, the Perceived stress scale (PSS), and the nurses’ pandemic-related experiences questionnaire (PREQ). The results revealed that, the studied nurses had experienced moderate stress regarding the PSS with total mean scores around “2” out of “4”. There was a significant statistical difference in the total mean scores of nurses’ PREQ as regards to work status. The study concluded that, the COVID-19 Pandemic had increased the level of stress of the studied emergency nurses regardless their sociodemographic characteristics.
{"title":"Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Emergency Nurses’ Stress at King Salman Hospital in Hail, KSA","authors":"Bahia Glalal Abd El-Razik Siam","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4507","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses working in the clinical sector encountered a variety of challenges related to increased stress, which had an influence on the nurses' ability to provide care for patients. The Aim of study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency nurses’ stress at the emergency department of King Salman Specialist Hospital in Hail, Saudi Arabia. A descriptive research design was utilized. Subjects included all available nurses who were working in the previous setting. The Instruments used in data collection consisted of the socio demographic data sheet of the studied nurses, the Perceived stress scale (PSS), and the nurses’ pandemic-related experiences questionnaire (PREQ). The results revealed that, the studied nurses had experienced moderate stress regarding the PSS with total mean scores around “2” out of “4”. There was a significant statistical difference in the total mean scores of nurses’ PREQ as regards to work status. The study concluded that, the COVID-19 Pandemic had increased the level of stress of the studied emergency nurses regardless their sociodemographic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75230018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4576
D. Nikam
It was in Uganda that the Zika virus was discovered for the first time in 1947. Later in 1952, researchers isolated an infectious agent from rhesus monkeys. 60 years later, in 2007, the first outbreak of Zika virus happened in Brazil. Afterwards cases of infection were reported from Tanzania, Egypt, South Asia, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines. The most common reason for infection was travelling to infected regions. The main concern in this infection is microcephaly in new born babies and foetuses. In 2016, the first outbreak of Zika virus infection occurred in India, the first three cases were discovered in Gujarat and later one case was found in Tamil Nadu. After two years in two Indian states another outbreak was reported in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh with 153 and 130 cases, respectively. Infection spreads due to Aedes aegypti mosquito bites or sexual transmission. Zika virus symptoms include mild fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis. It is necessary to conduct some serological and molecular analyses to diagnose infection. There is no specific vaccine or treatment for Zika virus infection till yet. In this review, we explored all the factors related to zika virus infection in detail, including virology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and symptoms with special emphasis on cases in India.
{"title":"A background review on zika virus infection with current update on Indian scenario","authors":"D. Nikam","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4576","url":null,"abstract":"It was in Uganda that the Zika virus was discovered for the first time in 1947. Later in 1952, researchers isolated an infectious agent from rhesus monkeys. 60 years later, in 2007, the first outbreak of Zika virus happened in Brazil. Afterwards cases of infection were reported from Tanzania, Egypt, South Asia, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines. The most common reason for infection was travelling to infected regions. The main concern in this infection is microcephaly in new born babies and foetuses. In 2016, the first outbreak of Zika virus infection occurred in India, the first three cases were discovered in Gujarat and later one case was found in Tamil Nadu. After two years in two Indian states another outbreak was reported in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh with 153 and 130 cases, respectively. Infection spreads due to Aedes aegypti mosquito bites or sexual transmission. Zika virus symptoms include mild fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis. It is necessary to conduct some serological and molecular analyses to diagnose infection. There is no specific vaccine or treatment for Zika virus infection till yet. In this review, we explored all the factors related to zika virus infection in detail, including virology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and symptoms with special emphasis on cases in India.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82147563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4232
Maharani Maharani
Around 5—10% women in their productive age could suffer from endometriosis, a condition where viable endometrial tissue is present outside the uterine cavity. This disease could progress into ovarian cancer and infertility with long-lasting chronic pain. Thus, innovation for safe and efficacious management of this disease is urgent. Exploring the abilities of medicinal plants for endometriosis therapy is quite promising. Of which, Phaleria macrocarpa has been suggested as a strong candidate for the therapy. This review begins with explanations of endometriosis; its aetiology and pathobiology. Thereafter, we present the medicinal properties of P. macrocarpa for being anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-proliferation. Results from pre-clinical studies and an ongoing trial of P. macrocarpa as a therapy for endometriosis were also discussed in this review. Future study will explore the activity of this plant extracts against hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX).
{"title":"Phaleria macrocarpa for Endometriosis Treatment: A Review","authors":"Maharani Maharani","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4232","url":null,"abstract":"Around 5—10% women in their productive age could suffer from endometriosis, a condition where viable endometrial tissue is present outside the uterine cavity. This disease could progress into ovarian cancer and infertility with long-lasting chronic pain. Thus, innovation for safe and efficacious management of this disease is urgent. Exploring the abilities of medicinal plants for endometriosis therapy is quite promising. Of which, Phaleria macrocarpa has been suggested as a strong candidate for the therapy. This review begins with explanations of endometriosis; its aetiology and pathobiology. Thereafter, we present the medicinal properties of P. macrocarpa for being anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-proliferation. Results from pre-clinical studies and an ongoing trial of P. macrocarpa as a therapy for endometriosis were also discussed in this review. Future study will explore the activity of this plant extracts against hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX).","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87394447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4452
S. Dholakia
Pyrrole is privileged and active heterocycle with diverse pharmacological activities that specifically serve as a promising scaffold for antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antiviral, antitubercular, and enzyme-inhibiting drugs. In an attempt to explore this scaffold, a series of 2- amino-4,5-diphenyl-1-(substituted)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrilewere synthesized and screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The structures of synthesized novel compounds were characterized by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Mass and Fourier Transfer Infrared spectroscopic data. All the compounds are screened for anti-inflammatory activity using the rat paw edema method. Among all, compound 1e exhibited more potent activity than the standard drug etoricoxib with the highest inhibition in paw edema at 3 h and 5 h.
{"title":"Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-4,5-diphenyl-1-(substituted)-1H-pyrrole-3- carbonitrile derivatives","authors":"S. Dholakia","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4452","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrrole is privileged and active heterocycle with diverse pharmacological activities that specifically serve as a promising scaffold for antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antiviral, antitubercular, and enzyme-inhibiting drugs. In an attempt to explore this scaffold, a series of 2- amino-4,5-diphenyl-1-(substituted)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrilewere synthesized and screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The structures of synthesized novel compounds were characterized by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Mass and Fourier Transfer Infrared spectroscopic data. All the compounds are screened for anti-inflammatory activity using the rat paw edema method. Among all, compound 1e exhibited more potent activity than the standard drug etoricoxib with the highest inhibition in paw edema at 3 h and 5 h.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80595642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4171
Amrita Parida
Drugs are a common reason for kidney injury. Antibiotic like gentamicin which is clinically a highly effective drug, is not preferred by physicians primarily because of the renal damage caused by it. Medication-induced renal injury has an intricate mechanism that includes a multitude of elements together with the innate nature of medications, innate patient characteristics that increase the chances of renal damage, and the pharmacokinetics of the drug. A particular drug can produce varied amount of damage in different individuals, which implies that the risk is not same for all. The reason behind this is that, there are different factors which determine the amount of renal damage that occurs due to drugs. In this article, we have reviewed the various elements linked to drug-induced nephrotoxicity.
{"title":"Drug induced nephrotoxicity and associated factors a narrative review","authors":"Amrita Parida","doi":"10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4171","url":null,"abstract":"Drugs are a common reason for kidney injury. Antibiotic like gentamicin which is clinically a highly effective drug, is not preferred by physicians primarily because of the renal damage caused by it. Medication-induced renal injury has an intricate mechanism that includes a multitude of elements together with the innate nature of medications, innate patient characteristics that increase the chances of renal damage, and the pharmacokinetics of the drug. A particular drug can produce varied amount of damage in different individuals, which implies that the risk is not same for all. The reason behind this is that, there are different factors which determine the amount of renal damage that occurs due to drugs. In this article, we have reviewed the various elements linked to drug-induced nephrotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":16445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86982456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.55522/jmpas.v12i1.4067
D. Venkatesh
Terbinafine hydrochloride is an antifungal drug belonging to the class of allylamines. The drug exhibits poor aqueous solubility and thus results in decrease in oral bioavailability. In the present study, an attempt was made to enhance the solubility of terbinafine hydrochloride using hydrotropic solubilization technique employing different hydrotropesnamely sodium benzoate and ureain different proportions and their combinations. The different hydrotropes were selected based on the saturation solubility exhibited by the drug. Among them best batches of the drughydrotrope combinations of varying concentrations of 5% w/v, 10% w/v and 15% w/v were further subjected for the in vitro dissolution studies and solid-state characterization studies. The results so obtained were an indicative of solubility enhancement of terbinafine hydrochloride in combination of 10% urea, and combinationhydrotropes of 10% urea and 15% sodium benzoate. Thus, the experimental investigation concluded that there is an 1.53, 3.77 fold increase in dissolution profile for drug with 10% urea and combination of drug with 10% urea and 15% sodium benzoate respectively at the end of 120 minutes
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