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Nanotechnology Standardisation Policies-Where do we stand? 纳米技术标准化政策——我们在哪里?
Pub Date : 2016-10-18 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00085
A. Mohanty
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引用次数: 0
Preparation and Characterization of Atenolol Laden Nanoparticles 负载阿替洛尔纳米颗粒的制备与表征
Pub Date : 2016-10-18 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00084
D. Archana, J. Divya
In the present study, an attempt was made to develop nanoparticles of Atenolol for effective treatment of Glaucoma. By developing the nanoparticulated delivery the required action of drug at the target site i.e. at eye can be provided. The nanoparticles were prepared by nano precipitation method. The formulation was subjected to different evaluation parameters like particle size, zeta potential, drug content uniformity, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release study.                The particle size range of nanoparticles was found to be 100-256 nm. The zeta potential of nanoparticles was found to be 55.87 to 64.87 mV. The drug content of different formulations F1 to F8 was calculated and the content was found to be in range of 95.98 TO 102.14 %. The entrapment efficiency was found to be in range of 45.76 to 72.98%. From the in-vitro drug release studies, it was found that the cumulative percent drug release for optimised formulation F5 found to be between 12.56 to 88.15 % respectively.
在本研究中,我们试图开发纳米阿替洛尔,以有效治疗青光眼。通过开发纳米关节递送,可以提供药物在目标部位(即眼睛)所需的作用。采用纳米沉淀法制备纳米颗粒。对该制剂进行了粒径、zeta电位、药物含量均匀性、包封效率、体外释药等评价参数的研究。纳米颗粒的粒径范围为100 ~ 256 nm。纳米粒子的zeta电位为55.87 ~ 64.87 mV。计算了不同配方F1 ~ F8的药物含量,其含量范围为95.98 ~ 102.14%。捕集率为45.76 ~ 72.98%。体外释药研究发现,优化后的F5的累积释药率分别在12.56% ~ 88.15%之间。
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引用次数: 1
Nanoneurobiophysics: The Leading Highway for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research 纳米神经生物物理学:神经退行性疾病研究的主要途径
Pub Date : 2016-10-07 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00082
M. Hausen, G. S. Oliveira, F. L. Leite
Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com A thunderous deep inside advancement in medicine science has impacted all fields in the last decades. Nanotechnology (Nt) has consolidated their progress in biology, physics, mathematics and chemistry. In human diseases, Nt introduces new perspectives to the investigation of the mechanisms pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases, (e.g, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease) [5,6]. Additionally, the development and characterization of nanostructured materials simplify disease investigation.
在过去的几十年里,医学科学的巨大进步影响了所有领域。纳米技术(Nt)巩固了他们在生物、物理、数学和化学方面的进展。在人类疾病中,Nt为研究神经退行性疾病(如多发性硬化症、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病)的机制途径提供了新的视角[5,6]。此外,纳米结构材料的发展和表征简化了疾病研究。
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引用次数: 1
Plasmonic Silver Nanoparticles with Atomically Precise Composition 具有原子精确组成的等离子体银纳米粒子
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00083
Yangwei Liu
Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com and Ag374 species protected by 4-tert-butylbenzenethiolate were chemically synthesized and structurally resolved by X-ray crystallography. It is noteworthy that, although these silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were identified with atomically precise composition, these species showed plasmonic optical characteristics [10]. Atomically precise silver species, taking Ag44 as an example, typically possess characteristic optical absorption peaks and thus were initially described as intensely and broadly absorbing nanoparticles (IBANs) [11] before structurally ressolved [12]. The ultraviolet–visible absorption (UV-vis) of Ag136 and Ag374 reported in this work was nowhere close to molecular species and showed clear metallic features.
合成了受4-叔丁基苯硫代酸酯保护的Ag374物质,并用x射线晶体学对其进行了结构解析。值得注意的是,虽然这些银纳米颗粒(Ag NPs)被鉴定为具有原子精确的成分,但这些物种表现出等离子体光学特性[10]。原子精度银,以Ag44为例,通常具有特征性的光学吸收峰,因此在结构解析[12]之前,最初被描述为强烈和广泛吸收的纳米颗粒(IBANs)[11]。本文所报道的Ag136和Ag374的紫外可见吸收(UV-vis)与分子种类相差甚远,具有明显的金属特征。
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引用次数: 0
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Fortified Biscuits as a Nutritional Supplement for Zinc Deficient Rats 氧化锌纳米颗粒强化饼干对缺锌大鼠的营养补充作用
Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00081
S. A. Raya, M. Hassan, K. Farroh, Shimaa A Hashim, T. Salaheldin
Zinc deficiency is a global nutritional disorder affecting majority of healthy people rather than those suffering from chronic diseases, affects about one third of people around the worldand thereby causing clinical manifestations. This work represents new modality to increase the intestinal absorptivity and bioavailability of zinc from the diet by replacing traditional bulk form by zinc nanoparticles to be used in preparations of zinc fortified biscuits as a nutritional supplement for zinc deficiency disease in rats. Zinc oxide nanoparticles of 25 ± 5 nm sizes were synthesized by co-precipitation approach and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffraction. Zinc deficient rats model was performed by nourishing on zinc deficient diet for five weeks to acquire zinc deficiency. Three levels nano zinc oxide Fortified Biscuits (13.5 ppm, 27 ppm and 54 ppm) were prepared to be compared with bulk form of zinc oxide. Results showed that, rapid enhancement of body growth rate, appetite and hair growth was recorded for nano zinc treated groups that might be attributed to the increased intestinal absorptivity and bioavailability of the nano scaled zinc oxide as a result of its ultra-small sizes compared to the regular bulky zinc oxide form. The toxicological evaluation of the applied nano zinc oxide concentrations didn’t cause any apparent toxicity and the lethal dose (LD50) cannot be established within the applied doses, where no mortality during the designed experiment period. Histopathological examination support the capability of the nano zinc oxide formulation to replace the traditional bulk forms of oral zinc supplements for rapid and efficient recovery with no significant histopathological abnormalities in Liver, Kidneys and Testis. The present work recommend dose of 13.5 ppm nano zinc fortified biscuits for managing mild zinc deficiency and the dose of 27 ppm for more sever conditions.
锌缺乏症是一种全球性的营养失调,影响到大多数健康人,而不是那些患有慢性疾病的人,影响到世界上约三分之一的人,从而导致临床表现。这项工作代表了一种新的方式,通过锌纳米颗粒代替传统的散装形式,用于制备锌强化饼干,作为缺锌病大鼠的营养补充剂,从而提高肠道对锌的吸收能力和生物利用度。采用共沉淀法合成了25±5 nm尺寸的氧化锌纳米颗粒,并用透射电镜和x射线衍射对其进行了表征。采用缺锌饲料喂养5周,建立缺锌大鼠模型。制备了三种浓度(13.5 ppm、27 ppm和54 ppm)的纳米氧化锌强化饼干,并与散装形式的氧化锌进行了比较。结果表明,纳米氧化锌处理组的身体生长速度、食欲和毛发生长迅速增强,这可能是由于纳米氧化锌比常规的体积较大的氧化锌体积小,提高了肠道吸收能力和生物利用度。应用纳米氧化锌浓度的毒理学评价未产生任何明显毒性,在应用剂量范围内无法确定致死剂量(LD50),在设计的实验期内无死亡。组织病理学检查支持纳米氧化锌制剂的能力,以取代传统的散装形式的口服锌补充剂,快速和有效的恢复,没有显著的肝脏,肾脏和睾丸的组织病理学异常。目前的工作建议剂量为13.5 ppm的纳米锌强化饼干用于治疗轻度缺锌,剂量为27 ppm用于治疗更严重的缺锌。
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引用次数: 14
A Short Review on the Delivery of Breast Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen and its Metabolites by Serum Proteins 乳腺癌药物他莫昔芬及其代谢物经血清蛋白传递的研究进展
Pub Date : 2016-08-24 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00080
P. Bourassa, Thomas Tj, Tajmir Riahi Ha
The loading of tamoxifen (Tam), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-Tam) and endoxifen (End) by carrier proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was reviewed in aqueous solution at physiological pH. The binding study is directly related to the conjugation of tamoxifen and its metabolites with serum proteins. Tamoxifen and its metabolites bind serum proteins via hydrophobic, hydrophilic and H-bonding contacts. The loading efficacy (LE) was 45-52% for drug-protein conjugates. Modeling showed the presence of H-bonding, which stabilized drug-protein complexation with the free binding energy of -11.79 to -11.25 Kcal/mol for drug-HSA and -13.79 to -12.72 Kcal/mol for drug-BSA conjugates. Drug conjugation induced major perturbations on the conformation of serum proteins. Our studies indicate that serum proteins can transport tamoxifen and its metabolites to target tissues in the human body.
本文综述了在生理ph值的水溶液中,载体蛋白、人血清白蛋白(HSA)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)对他莫昔芬(Tam)、4-羟基他莫昔芬(4-OH-Tam)和内氧昔芬(End)的负载作用,其结合研究与他莫昔芬及其代谢产物与血清蛋白的结合直接相关。他莫昔芬及其代谢物通过疏水、亲水性和氢键接触结合血清蛋白。载药效率(LE)为45 ~ 52%。模型显示,h键的存在稳定了药物-蛋白络合,药物- hsa的自由结合能为-11.79 ~ -11.25 Kcal/mol,药物- bsa偶联物的自由结合能为-13.79 ~ -12.72 Kcal/mol。药物偶联引起了血清蛋白构象的重大扰动。我们的研究表明,血清蛋白可以将他莫昔芬及其代谢物运输到人体的靶组织。
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引用次数: 8
Protein Nanoparticle as a Versatile Drug Delivery System in Nanotechnology 蛋白质纳米颗粒作为纳米技术中多功能的给药系统
Pub Date : 2016-08-01 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00077
Dongmei Ren
Protein nanoparticles are extensively investigated as versatile drug delivery systems, due to their nanoscale size, container-like shape, natural source, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. They provide three distinct interfaces: internal, external, and inter-subunit interfaces for modifications. Chemistry and genetic engineering provide powerful tools to functionalize protein nanoparticles. Through modifications to the three interfaces, protein nanoparticles can be functionalized with drug encapsulation, controlled drug release, controlled disassembly, and tumor targeting capabilities. This mini review introduced the fundamentals of protein nanoparticles as drug delivery systems, focused on modifications to the three different interfaces, and elucidated different strategies and mechanisms used in integrating multiple functionalities in protein nanoparticles.
蛋白质纳米颗粒由于其纳米级尺寸、容器状形状、天然来源、生物相容性和生物降解性而被广泛研究为多功能药物输送系统。它们提供了三种不同的接口:内部、外部和用于修改的子单元间接口。化学和基因工程为蛋白质纳米颗粒的功能化提供了强有力的工具。通过对这三个界面的修饰,蛋白质纳米颗粒可以被功能化,具有药物包封、药物控制释放、控制拆卸和肿瘤靶向能力。本文介绍了蛋白质纳米颗粒作为药物传递系统的基本原理,重点介绍了三种不同界面的修饰,并阐明了在蛋白质纳米颗粒中整合多种功能的不同策略和机制。
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引用次数: 8
Pequiá-Based Nanoemulsion Highlights an Important Amazon Fruit (Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers.) Pequiá-Based纳米乳揭示了一种重要的亚马逊水果(Caryocar villosum (Aubl.))珀耳斯)。
Pub Date : 2016-08-01 DOI: 10.15406/jnmr.2016.04.00079
Jacqueline D. S. Leal, J. L. Duarte, J. C. Vilhena, Àlex, ro C Florentino, D. Bereau, Jean-Charles Robinson, José C. T. Carvalho, R. A. Cruz, C. Fern, Es, Anna E.M.F.M. Oliveira
The fruits from pequia (Caryocar villosum) are an important source of antioxidant substances. However, despite the great potential of this natural product for pharmaceutical and food industries, to our knowledge, no study was carried out in order to obtain novel nanoformulation with this raw material. Our results suggested that required Hydrophyle-Lipophile Balance (HLB) of pequia oil is around 12.0 and nanoemulsion with low mean droplet size (191.3 ± 0.8 nm) and Polydispersity Index (0.290 ± 0.040) was obtained. Thus, our studies contribute to valorization of an Amazon fruit, providing for the first time valuable information about nanoemulsion formation using pequia fruits oil.
核桃果实是抗氧化物质的重要来源。然而,尽管这种天然产物在制药和食品工业中具有巨大的潜力,据我们所知,还没有研究利用这种原料获得新的纳米配方。研究结果表明,桃红籽油所需的亲水亲脂平衡(HLB)在12.0左右,可获得平均液滴尺寸(191.3±0.8 nm)和多分散性指数(0.290±0.040)较低的纳米乳液。因此,我们的研究有助于亚马逊水果的增值,首次提供了关于使用pequia果油形成纳米乳的有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 1
Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles-A Promising Approach for Cancer Treatment 多功能磁性纳米粒子——一种很有前途的癌症治疗方法
Pub Date : 2016-08-01 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00078
Maulick Chopra, K. Ganeshlenin, asamy, D. Maity
Nanomedicine plays an important role for treating cancer over the conventional treatments or techniques and has marked over in the past few decades. This can be attributed to the studies between cancer and magnetic nanoparticles, established and reported over the past few years. The magnetic nanoparticles exhibit unique characteristics which make them an ideal candidate for the treatment of cancer under the biomedical applications. Magnetic Nanoparticles can be attracted magnetically by an external applied magnetic field and they act as drug carriers to the cancer cells. Magnetic nanoparticles are able to generate the heat in an alternating magnetic field, as the temperature increases (42-45 °C) it can be used to eradicate or inhibit cancer cell activities locally or even to release drugs in a precisely controlled manner and this effect of magnetic nanoparticles is called hyperthermia. Moreover, with the help of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic nanoparticles can also be used as a diagnostic tool by using contrast agents. This opinion provides the snapshot on the properties and application of magnetic nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer.
在过去的几十年里,纳米医学在治疗癌症方面发挥着超越传统治疗方法或技术的重要作用。这可以归因于过去几年建立和报道的关于癌症和磁性纳米颗粒之间关系的研究。磁性纳米颗粒表现出独特的特性,使其成为生物医学应用中治疗癌症的理想候选者。磁性纳米颗粒可以被外部外加磁场吸引,充当癌细胞的药物载体。磁性纳米颗粒能够在交变磁场中产生热量,随着温度的升高(42-45°C),它可以用于局部根除或抑制癌细胞活动,甚至以精确控制的方式释放药物,磁性纳米颗粒的这种效果被称为热疗。此外,在磁共振成像(MRI)的帮助下,磁性纳米颗粒还可以通过使用造影剂作为诊断工具。这一观点提供了磁性纳米颗粒在癌症治疗中的特性和应用的快照。
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引用次数: 1
Recent Advancement in PGLA Nano Polymer Synthesis and its Applications PGLA纳米聚合物的合成及其应用研究进展
Pub Date : 2016-07-21 DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00076
H. Mehta, Jayeeta, Shastri, H. Muthurajan
Poly lactic-glycol acid (PGLA) plays vital role in pharma industry especially as encapsulation material. Considering importance of polymeric material especially PLGA. In the PubMed searched we found total 937 articles were reported in the year of 2015 (01-01-2015 to 31-12-2015).In these articles we focused on reviewing advancement of PLGA nanoparticle synthesis method, characterization and applications of PLGA mediated Nano polymer ranging from drug delivery to in vivo imaging arena. The review ends with a concluding outlook on the possibilities and future challenges presented to PLGA polymer-based nanotechnologies in healthcare.
聚乳酸(PGLA)在制药工业中发挥着重要的作用,尤其是作为封装材料。考虑到聚合物材料尤其是聚乳酸的重要性。在PubMed检索中,我们发现2015年(01-01-2015至31-12-2015)共报告了937篇文章。本文主要综述了PLGA纳米颗粒的合成方法、表征以及PLGA介导的纳米聚合物在药物传递和体内成像等领域的应用进展。回顾以总结展望的可能性和未来的挑战,提出了PLGA聚合物为基础的纳米技术在医疗保健。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Nanomedicine Research
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