Pub Date : 2017-04-11DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00116
Linzhuang Xing, Bin Chen, Dong Li, Wenjuan Wu, Guoxiang Wang
Laser therapy based on the selective photothermolysis has been regarded as the most effective treatment strategy for Port-Wine Stain (PWS) caused by the expansion of dermal capillaries. A long-pulsed Neodymium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has great potential for deeply situated PWS. However, the weak absorption of blood to Nd:YAG laser limits the laser treatment efficacy. Gold nanorods, which can convert the absorbed near-infrared light into localized heat, have shown potential for photo-activated cancer therapy. Owing to their unique surface plasmon resonance and photothermal conversion effect, gold nanorods may be one of possible strategies for improving laser treatment efficacy of PWS by enhancing blood absorption to Nd:YAG laser. In this study, an experimental study was carried out to compare laser-induced thermal response of blood vessels in vivo animal model before and after injection of gold nanorods. The results demonstrated that the obvious thermal response of blood vessels to Nd:YAG can be obtained with lower laser energy fluence and less pulse number under the assistance of gold NRs, suggesting that Nd:YAG laser treatment combined with gold NRs may be a novel treatment strategy for PWS.
{"title":"A Prospective Study of Laser Treatment of Port Wine Stain Associated with Gold Nanorods","authors":"Linzhuang Xing, Bin Chen, Dong Li, Wenjuan Wu, Guoxiang Wang","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00116","url":null,"abstract":"Laser therapy based on the selective photothermolysis has been regarded as the most effective treatment strategy for Port-Wine Stain (PWS) caused by the expansion of dermal capillaries. A long-pulsed Neodymium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has great potential for deeply situated PWS. However, the weak absorption of blood to Nd:YAG laser limits the laser treatment efficacy. Gold nanorods, which can convert the absorbed near-infrared light into localized heat, have shown potential for photo-activated cancer therapy. Owing to their unique surface plasmon resonance and photothermal conversion effect, gold nanorods may be one of possible strategies for improving laser treatment efficacy of PWS by enhancing blood absorption to Nd:YAG laser. In this study, an experimental study was carried out to compare laser-induced thermal response of blood vessels in vivo animal model before and after injection of gold nanorods. The results demonstrated that the obvious thermal response of blood vessels to Nd:YAG can be obtained with lower laser energy fluence and less pulse number under the assistance of gold NRs, suggesting that Nd:YAG laser treatment combined with gold NRs may be a novel treatment strategy for PWS.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85469370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-04DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00115
M. Bahl
{"title":"Data Visualization Using Hodge Decomposition - A Short Review","authors":"M. Bahl","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77683459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, many stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems based on biodegradable and biocompatible polymers have been introduced for controlled release of anticancer drug Doxorubicin. The main role of polymers in these systems is to provide high loading of Doxorubicin and then control the release of the drug in low pH-media. Polymeric micelles and nanoparticles such as magnetic particles, silica and graphene oxide covered with smart polymers include two main categories of Dox-controlled release systems. Herein, we review aforementioned systems which have been used for Doxorubicin release through different response of the system in terms of pH including: swelling or expansion of the polymeric chains, pH-sensitive bond cleavage and loss of electrostatic interactions between the drug and system. The mechanism of drug loading, drug release, advantages and disadvantages of each system are fully discussed.
{"title":"pH-Sensitive Nanoscale Polymers: Highly Efficient Systems for DOX Delivery in Cancer Treatment","authors":"Behzad Pourbadiei, Reza Pyadar, Fereshteh Mansouri","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00114","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, many stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems based on biodegradable and biocompatible polymers have been introduced for controlled release of anticancer drug Doxorubicin. The main role of polymers in these systems is to provide high loading of Doxorubicin and then control the release of the drug in low pH-media. Polymeric micelles and nanoparticles such as magnetic particles, silica and graphene oxide covered with smart polymers include two main categories of Dox-controlled release systems. Herein, we review aforementioned systems which have been used for Doxorubicin release through different response of the system in terms of pH including: swelling or expansion of the polymeric chains, pH-sensitive bond cleavage and loss of electrostatic interactions between the drug and system. The mechanism of drug loading, drug release, advantages and disadvantages of each system are fully discussed.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78416557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00113
O. Buiu, B. Șerban, O. Ionescu
{"title":"Internet of Things and the Human Body","authors":"O. Buiu, B. Șerban, O. Ionescu","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75004671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-15DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00112
Khairujjaman Laskar, A. Rauf
This review outlines the bioapplications of newly developed chitosan based nanoparticles. Over the last decade, much interest has been developed in biopolymer based materials due to their biocompatible, biodegradable, nontoxic and non-allergenic nature. Here, we review the recent scientific advances in chitosan based nanoparticles not only for cancer therapy but also for various biomedical applications. An overview of chitosan, its derivatives and the formation of chitosan nanoparticles is provided along with the inherent and specific therapeutic efficacy. Major progresses in drug delivery approaches and gene delivery as well as tissue engineering applications have been summarized.
{"title":"Chitosan Based Nanoparticles towards Biomedical Applications","authors":"Khairujjaman Laskar, A. Rauf","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00112","url":null,"abstract":"This review outlines the bioapplications of newly developed chitosan based nanoparticles. Over the last decade, much interest has been developed in biopolymer based materials due to their biocompatible, biodegradable, nontoxic and non-allergenic nature. Here, we review the recent scientific advances in chitosan based nanoparticles not only for cancer therapy but also for various biomedical applications. An overview of chitosan, its derivatives and the formation of chitosan nanoparticles is provided along with the inherent and specific therapeutic efficacy. Major progresses in drug delivery approaches and gene delivery as well as tissue engineering applications have been summarized.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79668901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-09DOI: 10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00111
P. Chanphai, G. Bérubé, H. Riahi
The loading efficacies of testosterone with polyamidoamine PAMAN-G3 and PAMAM-G4 and chitosan-15 and chitosan-100 kDa nanoparticles were compared in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The results of multiple spectroscopic methods, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and molecular modeling were used to characterize the testosterone binding process to polymer nanoparticles. Structural analysis showed testosterone-polymer bindings occur via hydrophobic, H-bonding contacts. The binding affinity is testosterone-chitosan > testosterone-PAMAM. Transmission electron microscopy showed significant changes in carrier morphology with major changes in the diameter of the polymer aggregates as steroid loading occurred. Chitosan nanoparticles are more effective carriers than PAMAM dendrimers.
{"title":"Review on Testosterone Delivery by Natural and Synthetic Nanoparticles","authors":"P. Chanphai, G. Bérubé, H. Riahi","doi":"10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00111","url":null,"abstract":"The loading efficacies of testosterone with polyamidoamine PAMAN-G3 and PAMAM-G4 and chitosan-15 and chitosan-100 kDa nanoparticles were compared in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The results of multiple spectroscopic methods, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and molecular modeling were used to characterize the testosterone binding process to polymer nanoparticles. Structural analysis showed testosterone-polymer bindings occur via hydrophobic, H-bonding contacts. The binding affinity is testosterone-chitosan > testosterone-PAMAM. Transmission electron microscopy showed significant changes in carrier morphology with major changes in the diameter of the polymer aggregates as steroid loading occurred. Chitosan nanoparticles are more effective carriers than PAMAM dendrimers.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80101375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-08DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00110
P. Chauhan
Silver nanoparticles are being used in numerous technologies and incorporated into a wide array of consumer products that take advantage of their desirable optical, conductive, and antibacterial properties. Silver nanoparticles have attained a special focus due to its antimicrobial property. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical method using chemicals as reducing agents which later on become accountable for various biological risks due to their general toxicity; engendering the serious concern to develop environment friendly processes. Thus, to solve the objective; principles of green chemistry have now become a torch for chemical technologist, biotechnologist and nanotechnologist worldwide in developing less hazardous chemicals. The present review explores the synthesis of silver nanoparticles through a natural and single step protocol preparatory method using the different plant products of different texa belonging to different families with green principles over the conventional ones.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Involving Extract of Plants of Different Taxonomic Groups","authors":"P. Chauhan","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00110","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles are being used in numerous technologies and incorporated into a wide array of consumer products that take advantage of their desirable optical, conductive, and antibacterial properties. Silver nanoparticles have attained a special focus due to its antimicrobial property. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical method using chemicals as reducing agents which later on become accountable for various biological risks due to their general toxicity; engendering the serious concern to develop environment friendly processes. Thus, to solve the objective; principles of green chemistry have now become a torch for chemical technologist, biotechnologist and nanotechnologist worldwide in developing less hazardous chemicals. The present review explores the synthesis of silver nanoparticles through a natural and single step protocol preparatory method using the different plant products of different texa belonging to different families with green principles over the conventional ones.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91460148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-08DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00109
M. Šimšíková, T. Šikola
Graphene oxide (GO) has abundant surface oxygen-containing groups such as epoxide, hydroxyl, and carboxylic groups; it can be prepared through the oxidative intercalation and exfoliation of graphite on a mass scale. Owing to the enriched surface functionalities, the GO is water-soluble and chemically versatile. The surface functional groups can also provide plenty of reaction sites for linking nanoparticles, proteins, enzymes, peptides, bacteria, cells, and nucleic acids through covalent and non-covalent binding. GO has been used as a matrix for protein immobilization in different biotechnological applications such as fluorescence- or electrochemical-based sensors, labeling and imaging, therapy, and targeted delivery. This paper reviews the main strategies for the assembly of proteins onto graphene oxide surface and their applications, especially in the biomedical area.
{"title":"Interaction of Graphene Oxide with Proteins and Applications of their Conjugates","authors":"M. Šimšíková, T. Šikola","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00109","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene oxide (GO) has abundant surface oxygen-containing groups such as epoxide, hydroxyl, and carboxylic groups; it can be prepared through the oxidative intercalation and exfoliation of graphite on a mass scale. Owing to the enriched surface functionalities, the GO is water-soluble and chemically versatile. The surface functional groups can also provide plenty of reaction sites for linking nanoparticles, proteins, enzymes, peptides, bacteria, cells, and nucleic acids through covalent and non-covalent binding. GO has been used as a matrix for protein immobilization in different biotechnological applications such as fluorescence- or electrochemical-based sensors, labeling and imaging, therapy, and targeted delivery. This paper reviews the main strategies for the assembly of proteins onto graphene oxide surface and their applications, especially in the biomedical area.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88068626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-03DOI: 10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00108
K. S. Siddiqi, A. Rahman, Tajuddin
{"title":"Formation of Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles","authors":"K. S. Siddiqi, A. Rahman, Tajuddin","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2017.05.00108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85419302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-22DOI: 10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00107
Carla P Cedillo Alvarez, Guadalupe C VillanuevaLópez, Valeria Quintanar Jurado, M. Zayas
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among the female population. Ablation Radiofrequency (RF) assisted with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to a monoclonal antibody anti-HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic technique, the concept behind the technical proposal is to change the tissue electrical conductivity by the use of MNPs, however, the local biochemical and bioimpedance effects of MNPs in cancerous tissue remain unknown, as a first approach to explore such effects caused by MNPs, the present work was focused on to assess biochemically the bioconjugated “MNPs - anti-HER2” systemic infusion effect on tumor tissue through studying the protein dynamics of the Growth Factor Receptor-Bound Protein 2 (GRB2) and its implication on the HER2 signaling pathway as well as its correlation with changes in bioimpedance measurement. A breast cancer model in rats in three specific conditions was evaluated by tissue immunostaining and bioimpedance measurements. Normal breast tissue (Healthy), Breast Cancer tissue (BC) and Breast Cancer tissue with MNPs (BC+MNPs). The results show that GRB2 protein expression in BC+MNPs is null or similar to Healthy, both compared with respect to BC. In addition, bioimpedance measurements are similar in BC+MNPs and Healthy conditions, and different values are evident in BC, those findings are in agreement with GRB2 expression. It seems that systemic bioconjugate infusion inhibits HER-2 signaling pathway and changes in the electrical conductivity of the tumor tissue.
乳腺癌(BC)是女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。射频(RF)辅助磁性纳米颗粒(MNPs)偶联单克隆抗体抗her2(人表皮生长因子受体2)已被提出作为一种替代治疗技术，该技术提案背后的概念是通过使用MNPs改变组织电导率，然而，MNPs在癌组织中的局部生化和生物阻抗效应尚不清楚，作为探索MNPs引起的此类效应的第一种方法。本研究主要通过研究生长因子受体结合蛋白2 (Growth Factor Receptor-Bound protein 2, GRB2)的蛋白动力学及其对HER2信号通路的影响及其与生物阻抗测量变化的相关性，从生化角度评估生物偶联的“MNPs - anti-HER2”对肿瘤组织的全身输注作用。采用组织免疫染色法和生物阻抗法对三种特定条件下的大鼠乳腺癌模型进行了评价。正常乳腺组织(健康)，乳腺癌组织(BC)和乳腺癌组织与MNPs (BC+MNPs)。结果显示，与BC相比，GRB2蛋白在BC+MNPs中的表达为零或与Healthy相似。此外，在BC+MNPs和健康状态下，生物阻抗测量值相似，而在BC中，生物阻抗值明显不同，这些发现与GRB2表达一致。系统输注生物偶联物似乎抑制HER-2信号通路和肿瘤组织电导率的改变。
{"title":"Assessment of GRB2 Dynamics vs. Bioimpedance Measurements as a Function of Systemic Infusion of \"Magnetic Nanoparticle - Anti-HER2\" in an Experimental Breast Cancer Model","authors":"Carla P Cedillo Alvarez, Guadalupe C VillanuevaLópez, Valeria Quintanar Jurado, M. Zayas","doi":"10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00107","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among the female population. Ablation Radiofrequency (RF) assisted with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to a monoclonal antibody anti-HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic technique, the concept behind the technical proposal is to change the tissue electrical conductivity by the use of MNPs, however, the local biochemical and bioimpedance effects of MNPs in cancerous tissue remain unknown, as a first approach to explore such effects caused by MNPs, the present work was focused on to assess biochemically the bioconjugated “MNPs - anti-HER2” systemic infusion effect on tumor tissue through studying the protein dynamics of the Growth Factor Receptor-Bound Protein 2 (GRB2) and its implication on the HER2 signaling pathway as well as its correlation with changes in bioimpedance measurement. A breast cancer model in rats in three specific conditions was evaluated by tissue immunostaining and bioimpedance measurements. Normal breast tissue (Healthy), Breast Cancer tissue (BC) and Breast Cancer tissue with MNPs (BC+MNPs). The results show that GRB2 protein expression in BC+MNPs is null or similar to Healthy, both compared with respect to BC. In addition, bioimpedance measurements are similar in BC+MNPs and Healthy conditions, and different values are evident in BC, those findings are in agreement with GRB2 expression. It seems that systemic bioconjugate infusion inhibits HER-2 signaling pathway and changes in the electrical conductivity of the tumor tissue.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90575835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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