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Fermentation Alters the Anticancer Properties of Dietary Polyphenols in Pulses 发酵改变豆类中膳食多酚的抗癌特性。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.023
Amber Rizwan , Shazia Karim , Insha Lateif Andrabi , Moisza Mushtaq , Humaira Farooqi
Pulses are a rich dietary source of polyphenols, compounds increasingly known for their role in disease prevention and overall health. Recent advances show that fermentation can not only improve the bioavailability of pulse polyphenols but can also generate new metabolites. This review explores how these fermentation-driven molecular transformations enhance the anticancer effect of pulse polyphenol, highlighting newly identified microbial metabolite pathways. We also describe how fermented polyphenols interact with the gut microbiome, influencing pathways linked to cancer. Looking ahead, precision fermentation and multiomics profiling promise to accelerate the development of next-generation functional foods and support cancer therapeutics, bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and clinical application.
豆类是多酚类化合物的丰富膳食来源,这种化合物因其在疾病预防和整体健康中的作用而日益为人所知。近年来的研究表明,发酵不仅可以提高脉冲多酚的生物利用度,还可以产生新的代谢物。这篇综述探讨了这些发酵驱动的分子转化如何增强脉冲多酚的抗癌作用,重点介绍了新发现的微生物代谢途径。我们还描述了发酵多酚如何与肠道微生物群相互作用,影响与癌症相关的途径。展望未来,精密发酵和多组学分析有望加速下一代功能食品的开发,支持癌症治疗,弥合实验室创新和临床应用之间的差距。
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引用次数: 0
Keep the Focus on the Food 把注意力放在食物上。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.005
Jean M Kerver
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引用次数: 0
Leu-Asp-Gln-Trp-Rich Whey Protein Hydrolysate Shows the Reduction in Waist Circumference and Improvement of Mood in Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study 富含亮氨酸-酪氨酸-谷氨酸-色氨酸的乳清蛋白水解物显示健康超重成年人腰围减少和情绪改善:一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、平行组研究。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.017
Soichiro Sato , Tatsuya Hattori , Ryo Sakiyama , Mayu Nakatsuka , Manabu Nakano , Miyuki Tanaka , Naoki Sakane

Background

As health issues associated with obesity typically develop or worsen owing to increases in body weight and visceral fat, weight loss is important to prevent severe obesity.

Objectives

This clinical trial evaluated the effects of a whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on obesity-related parameters, including body composition and waist circumference. The effects on mood state were also assessed exploratively.

Methods

The participants included 181 healthy adults with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25 kg/m2 and < 30 kg/m2 who were assigned to the active or placebo groups. The active food was a powder that contained 1.0 g of WPH (MWPH; WPH containing 0.1% functional tetrapeptide Leu-Asp-Gln-Trp) and the placebo was a powder containing no MWPH. The participants consumed the active or placebo foods for 12 wk. Primary outcome was BMI. Secondary and exploratory outcomes were other obesity-related parameters, fatigue, and mood state.

Results

No statistically significant decrease in BMI, the primary outcome, was observed at the end of this period. Regarding secondary and exploratory outcomes, waist circumference significantly decreased in the active group compared with the placebo group at 8 and 12 wk. Furthermore, significant improvements in profile of mood states second edition scores including total mood disturbance and fatigue-inertia scores were observed in the active group compared with the placebo group between baseline and 12 wk. No significant differences between the groups were observed for the other outcomes.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the continuous intake of MWPH may help reduce waist circumference and improve mood state.
This trial was registered at the UMIN-CTR as UMIN000047856.
背景:由于与肥胖相关的健康问题通常因体重和内脏脂肪的增加而发展或恶化,减肥对于预防严重肥胖非常重要。目的:本临床试验评估乳清蛋白水解物(WPH)对肥胖相关参数的影响,包括身体成分和腰围。对情绪状态的影响也进行了探索性评估。方法:参与者包括181名BMI大于25 kg/m2小于30 kg/m2的健康成年人,他们被分配到活性组或安慰剂组。活性食品为含有1.0 g乳清蛋白水解物(MWPH; WPH含有0.1%功能性四肽Leu-Asp-Gln-Trp [LDQW])的粉末,安慰剂为不含MWPH的粉末。参与者连续12周食用活性或安慰剂食物。主要结果是BMI。次要和探索性结果是其他与肥胖相关的参数,疲劳和情绪状态。结果:在这段时间结束时,主要结果BMI没有统计学上的显著下降。关于次要和探索性结果,与安慰剂组相比,在第8周和第12周,活动组的腰围显著减少。此外,与安慰剂组相比,在基线和12周期间,活跃组的情绪状态第二版评分(包括总情绪障碍和疲劳惯性评分)显著改善。其他结果在两组间无显著差异。结论:持续摄入MWPH可降低腰围,改善情绪状态。该试验已在umin-ctr临床试验注册中心注册:(id: umin000047856)。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Supplementation Improves Intestinal Function and Gut Microbiota in D-Galactose–Challenged Weanling Pigs 饲粮中添加18β-甘草次酸改善d-半乳糖诱导断奶仔猪肠道功能和肠道微生物群
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.025
Cui Ma , Fuxi Wang , Ruitong Li , Kang Huang , Qingyu Zhao , Yuchang Qin , Junmin Zhang , Wei Si
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Weaning-induced oxidative stress impairs feed intake and compromises intestinal health in piglets. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a bioactive triterpenoid from licorice, has multiple biological effects, but its protective role under oxidative stress in piglets remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of GA on feed intake, intestinal health, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets exposed to D-galactose (Gal)-induced oxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four healthy large white piglets (weaned at days 28) were divided into 3 group: <em>1</em>) Control group (<em>n</em> = 8), basal diet; <em>2</em>) Gal group (<em>n</em> = 8), basal diet supplemented with Gal (10 g/kg body weight); and <em>3</em>) GA + Gal group (<em>n</em> = 8), basal diet supplemented with GA (100 mg/kg diet) and Gal (10 g/kg body weight). The study lasted 28 d. At the end of the experiment, serum, hypothalamus tissue, jejunum tissue, ileum tissue, and ileum content were collected for biochemical, molecular, and microbial analyses. One-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s test was used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the Gal group, GA supplementation improved the average daily feed intake (Gal: 0.65 ± 0.04 kg, GA + Gal: 0.79 ± 0.06 kg) by 21.54% and average daily gain (Gal: 0.25 ± 0.04 kg, GA + Gal: 0.41 ± 0.06 kg) by 64% from days 14 to 28 (<em>P</em> < 0.05) but had no such effect from d 0 to 14 (<em>P</em> > 0.05), reduced serum malondialdehyde levels (Gal: 2.39 ± 0.23 nmol/mL, GA + Gal: 1.52 ± 0.25 nmol/mL, <em>P</em> < 0.05) and increased glutathione peroxidase activity (Gal: 88.33 ± 6.06 nmol/min/mL, GA + Gal: 115.36 ± 8.15 nmol/min/mL, <em>P</em> < 0.05). GA supplementation enhanced jejunal fluorescence expression of taste receptor type 1 member 2 (Gal: 46.15% ± 2.07%, GA + Gal: 58.53% ± 4.22%) and member 3 (Gal: 22.76% ± 1.80%, GA + Gal: 35.81% ± 2.63%) than those of Gal group (<em>P</em> < 0.05), and dietary GA also markedly increased ileal <em>Romboutsia</em> relative abundance (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Additionally, compared with the Gal group, GA supplementation increased the positive cells of appetite-related genes (Gal: 54.68% ± 3.70%, GA + Gal:80.16% ± 6.56%, and neuropeptide Y (NPY), Gal: 41.06% ± 8.13%, GA + Gal: 75.38% ± 9.45%) in the hypothalamus (<em>P</em> < 0.05), along with elevated serum levels of ghrelin (Gal: 1674.10 ± 97.10 ng/mL, GA + Gal: 2260.41 ± 113.22 ng/mL, <em>P</em> < 0.05) and NPY (Gal: 179.89 ± 6.46 ng/mL, GA + Gal: 200.94 ± 7.88 ng/mL, <em>P</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate that GA supplementation alleviates oxidative stress, with associated improvements in feed intake and intestinal function, likely mediated through taste receptor signaling, gut microbiota modulation, and hypothalamic appetite regulation. These findings
背景:断奶诱导的氧化应激损害仔猪采食量,损害肠道健康。18β-甘草次酸(GA)是一种来自甘草的生物活性三萜,具有多种生物效应,但其在仔猪氧化应激中的保护作用尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在探讨GA对d -半乳糖(Gal)诱导氧化应激的断奶仔猪采食量、肠道健康和肠道微生物群的影响。方法:24头28日龄断奶的健康大白仔猪分为3组:(1)对照组(n = 8),饲喂基础饲粮;(2) Gal组(n = 8),基础饲粮中添加Gal (10 g/kg体重);(3) GA + Gal组(n = 8),在基础饲粮中添加GA (100 mg/kg日粮)和Gal (10 g/kg体重)。研究持续28天。实验结束时采集血清、下丘脑组织、空肠组织、回肠组织和回肠内容物进行生化、分子和微生物分析。数据分析采用单因素方差分析和邓肯检验。结果:补充与加组相比,遗传算法提高了平均日采食量(ADFI,加:0.65±0.04公斤,GA +加:0.79±0.06公斤)21.54%,平均每日获得(ADG,加:0.25±0.04公斤,GA +加:0.41±0.06公斤)64% d 14 - 28 (P < 0.05),但没有这样的效果从d 0到14 (P > 0.05),降低血清MDA水平(加:2.39±0.23 nmol / mL, GA +加:1.52±0.25 nmol /毫升,P < 0.05),增加GPX活动(加:88.33±6.06 nmol /分钟/毫升,GA +加:115.36±8.15 nmol/min/mL, P < 0.05)。添加GA显著提高了味觉受体1型成员2 (T1R2, Gal: 46.15±2.07%,GA + Gal: 58.53±4.22%)和成员3 (T1R3, Gal: 22.76±1.80%,GA + Gal: 35.81±2.63%)的空肠荧光表达(P < 0.05),并显著提高了回肠Romboutsia的相对丰度(P < 0.05)。此外,与加组相比,GA补充增加appetite-related基因的阳性细胞(AGRP加:54.68±3.70%,GA +加:80.16±6.56%,NPY,加:41.06±8.13%,GA +加:75.38±9.45%)在下丘脑(P < 0.05),血清激素水平升高(加:1674.10±97.10 ng / mL, GA +加:2260.41±113.22 ng / mL, P < 0.05)和NPY(加:179.89±6.46 ng / mL, GA +加:200.94±7.88 ng / mL, P < 0.05)。结论:我们的研究结果表明,添加GA可以缓解氧化应激,并改善采食量和肠道功能,这可能是通过味觉受体信号、肠道微生物群调节和下丘脑食欲调节介导的。这些发现支持GA作为在应激条件下维持肠道健康的潜在营养策略。
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引用次数: 0
A proud and profound role of The Journal of Nutrition in advancing research and career of nutritionists in China 《营养学杂志》在推动中国营养学家的研究和职业发展方面发挥了令人自豪和深远的作用。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.011
Xin Gen Lei
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引用次数: 0
Associations of Plasma Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Reported Fish Oil Supplement Use with Depression and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the United Kingdom Biobank 血浆omega-3脂肪酸水平和报告的鱼油补充剂与抑郁和焦虑的关联:来自英国生物银行的横断面分析。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.032
William S Harris , Wen-Chun Liu , Jason Westra , Nathan L Tintle , Prasad P Devarshi , Ryan W Grant , Susan Hazels Mitmesser , Kuan-Pin Su

Background

The role that marine omega-3 (n–3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play in reducing the risk for developing depression and/or anxiety is unclear.

Objectives

The present study examined the relationships between plasma levels of total omega-3 PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the non-DHA ω-3 PUFAs with medical record-documented depression and/or anxiety (both historical and recent, within the last 12 mo) in the United Kingdom Biobank. The associations of these outcomes with the reported use of fish oil supplements (FOS) were also examined.

Methods

Information from 258,354 participants who had data on plasma ω-3 PUFA levels and all covariates were used for the biomarker-based analyses, and data from 468,145 people who reported FOS use at baseline were used in the latter analysis.

Results

We found that all 3 ω-3 PUFA metrics were inversely associated with a history of both depression and anxiety. Specifically, risk for the former outcome was between 15% and 33% lower in Q5 compared with Q1, and for the latter outcome, between 19% and 22% lower comparing Q5 with Q1. Risk for recent depression was 29% and 32% lower (Q5 compared with Q1) for total ω-3 PUFAs and for non-DHA, respectively. FOS use was associated with a 9%–10% lower risk for a history of depression and anxiety, respectively, and a 20% lower risk for recent anxiety.

Conclusions

We found evidence that higher levels of ω-3 PUFAs may play a protective role in depression and anxiety.
背景:海洋omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)在降低抑郁和/或焦虑风险中的作用尚不清楚。目的:本研究检查了英国生物银行中总omega-3 PUFAs、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和非DHA omega-3 PUFAs与医疗记录记录的抑郁症和/或焦虑症(历史和最近,过去12个月内)之间的关系。这些结果与报告使用鱼油补充剂(FOS)的关联也被检查。方法:来自258,354名具有血浆omega-3 PUFA水平和所有协变量数据的参与者的数据用于基于生物标志物的分析,来自468,145名报告在基线时使用FOS的人的数据用于后者的分析。结果:我们发现所有三种omega-3 PUFA指标与抑郁和焦虑史呈负相关。具体来说,与第一季度相比,前一种结果的风险在第5季度降低了15%到33%,后一种结果的风险在第5季度比第一季度降低了19%到22%。总omega-3 PUFAs组和非dha组近期抑郁症的风险分别降低了29%和32% (Q5 vs Q1)。FOS的使用与抑郁和焦虑史风险分别降低9-10%和近期焦虑风险降低20%相关。结论:我们发现证据表明,较高水平的omega-3 PUFAs可能在抑郁和焦虑中发挥保护作用。
{"title":"Associations of Plasma Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Reported Fish Oil Supplement Use with Depression and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the United Kingdom Biobank","authors":"William S Harris ,&nbsp;Wen-Chun Liu ,&nbsp;Jason Westra ,&nbsp;Nathan L Tintle ,&nbsp;Prasad P Devarshi ,&nbsp;Ryan W Grant ,&nbsp;Susan Hazels Mitmesser ,&nbsp;Kuan-Pin Su","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The role that marine omega-3 (n–3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play in reducing the risk for developing depression and/or anxiety is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The present study examined the relationships between plasma levels of total omega-3 PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the non-DHA ω-3 PUFAs with medical record-documented depression and/or anxiety (both historical and recent, within the last 12 mo) in the United Kingdom Biobank. The associations of these outcomes with the reported use of fish oil supplements (FOS) were also examined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Information from 258,354 participants who had data on plasma ω-3 PUFA levels and all covariates were used for the biomarker-based analyses, and data from 468,145 people who reported FOS use at baseline were used in the latter analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that all 3 ω-3 PUFA metrics were inversely associated with a history of both depression and anxiety. Specifically, risk for the former outcome was between 15% and 33% lower in Q5 compared with Q1, and for the latter outcome, between 19% and 22% lower comparing Q5 with Q1. Risk for recent depression was 29% and 32% lower (Q5 compared with Q1) for total ω-3 PUFAs and for non-DHA, respectively. FOS use was associated with a 9%–10% lower risk for a history of depression and anxiety, respectively, and a 20% lower risk for recent anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found evidence that higher levels of ω-3 PUFAs may play a protective role in depression and anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 1","pages":"Article 101219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of Maternal Iron Deficiency in Early Pregnancy on Neonatal Iron Status and Neurodevelopment at Two Years of Age: a Prospective, Maternal-Infant Cohort Study 妊娠早期母亲缺铁对两岁新生儿铁状态和神经发育的影响:一项前瞻性母婴队列研究
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.009
Elaine K McCarthy , David Schneck , Saonli Basu , Annette Xenopoulos-Oddsson , Fergus P McCarthy , Deirdre M Murray , Michael K Georgieff , Mairead E Kiely

Background

Iron deficiency during pregnancy has potentially serious health consequences for both the mother and her offspring. Few prospective studies have considered the impact of maternal nonanemic iron deficiency in early pregnancy on offspring health outcomes.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the impact of maternal iron deficiency in early pregnancy on neonatal iron status at birth and neurodevelopment at 2 y of age.

Methods

In a low-risk, primiparous nonanemic maternal-infant cohort, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and α-glycoprotein) were measured at 15- and 20-weeks of gestation and in umbilical cord blood. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) and the Child Behavior Checklist were assessed at 2 y.

Results

Participants with complete longitudinal data from 15 weeks of gestation to 2 y (n = 189) were Caucasian (96.8%), highly educated (78.8% university graduates), with singleton pregnancies. At 15-weeks of gestation, 3.2% had ferritin <15 μg/L and 18.5% had ferritin <30 μg/L, which increased to 8.5% and 42.3% <15 and <30 μg/L, respectively, at 20-weeks. Iron depletion (cord ferritin <76 μg/L) was observed in 7.4% of newborn infants. Cord ferritin concentrations were 42.3 μg/L lower in infants born to iron deficient mothers (using maternal ferritin <30 μg/L threshold) at 15-weeks, compared with those with iron sufficient mothers. Children born to mothers with ferritin <30 μg/L at 15- and 20-wk had lower BSID-III language [Estimated β (95% confidence interval), 15-wk: −7.3 (−14.0, −0.4), 20-wk: −6.3 (−11.0, −1.3)] and motor [15-wk: −5.8 (−11.0, −1.1), 20-wk: −4.0 (−7.8, −0.3)] composite scores at 2 y than those with iron sufficient mothers.

Conclusions

Maternal nonanemic iron deficiency in early pregnancy was associated with low iron status at birth and worse language and motor outcomes at 2 y of age. This new evidence highlights the need to consider screening for iron deficiency early in pregnancy, even in well-resourced settings.
This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01891240.
背景:怀孕期间缺铁对母亲和她的后代都有潜在的严重健康后果。很少有前瞻性研究考虑了妊娠早期母亲非贫血性缺铁对后代健康结局的影响。目的:探讨妊娠早期产妇缺铁对新生儿出生时铁状态及2岁时神经发育的影响。方法:在低风险的初产非贫血母婴队列中,测定妊娠15周和20周脐带血中的铁蛋白、可溶性转铁蛋白受体和炎症标志物(c反应蛋白、α-糖蛋白)。在两岁时对Bayley婴幼儿发育量表(BSID-III)和儿童行为检查表进行评估。结果:从妊娠15周到2年的完整纵向数据的参与者(n=189)为白人(96.8%),高学历(78.8%)大学毕业生,单胎妊娠。结论:妊娠早期产妇非贫血性缺铁与出生时低铁状态和2岁时较差的语言和运动结局有关。这一新的证据强调需要考虑在怀孕早期进行缺铁筛查,即使在资源充足的环境中也是如此。改进研究试验注册id: NCT01891240 https://www.Clinicaltrials: gov/study/NCT01891240?cond=NCT01891240&rank=1。
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引用次数: 0
Plant-Based Diet as a Precursor to Human Gut Diversity 植物性饮食是人类肠道多样性的先驱。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.020
Riya Anand , Rishav Sahil , Mukesh Jain , Ganesh Kumar Maurya , Arun S. Kharat
The gut microbiome significantly influences human health with dietary patterns, a key factor that modulates the structure and function of microbiome consortia. Plant-based diets (PBDs), including vegan and vegetarian, are linked to positive alterations in gut microbiota by stimulating the bacterial growth necessary for producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These microbial alterations help reduce inflammation, enhance gut barrier integrity, and improve metabolic health. However, not all PBDs offer beneficial effects. Recent findings highlighted that raw or minimally processed foods may transmit plant and soil-derived microbes, such as Enterobacter hormaechei, Citrobacter freundii, Raoultella ornithinolytica, and Klebsiella pneumonia into the human gut, raising concern about opportunistic infections. Although PBDs benefit in lowering the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease, proper dietary planning is necessary to prevent potential nutrient deficiencies. Upcoming research should explore personalized nutrition, long-term microbiome shifts, and microbial transplants to improve gut health through PBDs.
肠道微生物组通过饮食模式显著影响人类健康,是调节微生物群结构和功能的关键因素。植物性饮食(PBDs),包括纯素食和素食,通过刺激产生短链脂肪酸所必需的细菌生长,与肠道微生物群的积极改变有关。这些微生物的改变有助于减少炎症,增强肠道屏障的完整性,并改善代谢健康。然而,并不是所有的pbd都能带来有益的效果。最近的研究结果强调,未经加工或最低限度加工的食品可能将植物和土壤来源的微生物,如霍马氏肠杆菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、溶鸟拉乌尔菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等传播到人肠道,引起人们对机会性感染的关注。虽然多pbd有利于降低慢性疾病(如肥胖、糖尿病和炎症性肠病)的风险,但适当的饮食计划对于预防潜在的营养缺乏是必要的。未来的研究应该探索个性化营养、长期微生物组变化和微生物移植,通过pbd改善肠道健康。
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引用次数: 0
Myo-Inositol Intake during Pregnancy Alleviates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Sows and Improves Skeletal Muscle Development Characteristics in Offspring 妊娠期肌醇摄入可减轻母猪炎症和氧化应激,改善后代骨骼肌发育特征。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.11.019
Haijun Sun , Fengyi Song , Xiaoyi Zhao , Jingdong Yin , Xin Zhang

Background

Skeletal muscle is essential for exercise and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Myo-inositol (INS), the main isomer of inositol, has been shown to enhance glucose metabolism and skeletal muscle growth in fish. However, its effect on skeletal muscle development in mammals remains unclear.

Objectives

This research seeks to investigate the positive impacts of maternal INS intake during gestation on skeletal muscle development in the offspring using pig models.

Methods

Random allocation was performed to distribute 45 parity-matched Landrace × Yorkshire sows across 3 treatment arms: control, 0.15% INS, and 0.3% INS supplementation groups from D30 of pregnancy until farrowing. The levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in the serum (n = 8) and the composition of the gut microbiota (n = 6) of pregnant sows were evaluated. On postnatal day 1, 6 male piglets (n = 6) were selected from each of 6 litters in the control group and the 0.3% INS group. The mRNA and protein levels of key genes involved in skeletal muscle development and fiber-type composition were measured. RNA-seq analysis was then performed using the skeletal muscle of piglets. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test or an unpaired 2-tailed Student’s t-test.

Results

Dietary INS supplementation reduced inflammatory markers on D50 of pregnancy, alleviated oxidative stress in sows, and decreased the number of piglets with low birth weight by ∼60% (P = 0.01). On D50 of pregnancy, dietary supplementation with 0.3% INS reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes from 72.92% to 60.17%, while increasing the abundance of beneficial fecal microbes in sows, such as Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacterota, Unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Notably, maternal 0.3% INS intake increased paired box 7 protein level by 88.90% (P = 0.05) and induced muscle-fiber type transition from glycolytic to oxidative fibers in the skeletal muscle of piglets at postnatal day 1. This was evidenced by a 50.95% increase in the mRNA level of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) Ⅱa (P < 0.05) and a 55.50% decrease in the protein level of fast MyHC (P < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that maternal intake of 0.3% INS regulated signaling pathways associated with skeletal muscle development, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase, Notch, and Wnt.

Conclusions

INS intake was beneficial for the inflammatory and oxidative status of pregnant sows and further improved skeletal muscle development characteristics in the offspring.
背景:骨骼肌对运动和维持代谢稳态至关重要。肌醇(INS)是肌醇的主要异构体,已被证明可以促进鱼类的葡萄糖代谢和骨骼肌生长。然而,它对哺乳动物骨骼肌发育的影响尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在通过猪模型研究妊娠期母体摄入INS对子代骨骼肌发育的积极影响。方法:从妊娠第30天至分娩,将45头等次匹配的长×大母猪随机分配到3个处理组:对照组、0.15% INS组和0.3% INS添加组。评估妊娠母猪血清(n = 8)炎症和氧化应激水平以及肠道菌群(n = 6)组成。在出生后第1天,从对照组和0.3% INS组每6窝中各选择6头公仔猪(n = 6)。测量参与骨骼肌发育和纤维类型组成的关键基因的mRNA和蛋白水平。然后利用仔猪骨骼肌进行RNA-seq分析。数据分析采用单因素方差分析,然后采用Tukey多重比较检验或非配对双尾Student's t检验。结果:饲粮中添加INS可降低妊娠期D50炎症指标,减轻母猪氧化应激,低出生体重仔猪数量减少约60% (P = 0.01)。妊娠第50天,饲粮中添加0.3% INS可使厚壁菌门的相对丰度从72.92%降低至60.17%,而有益菌群如Bacteroidetes、Fibrobacterota、Unclassified__f__Lachnospiraceae和Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group的丰度则增加。值得注意的是,饲粮中添加0.3% INS可使出生第1天仔猪骨骼肌中Pax7蛋白水平提高88.90% (P = 0.05),并诱导骨骼肌肌纤维类型由糖酵化纤维向氧化纤维转变。MyHCⅡa mRNA水平升高50.95% (P < 0.05), fast MyHC蛋白水平降低55.50% (P < 0.01)。转录组学分析进一步显示,母亲摄入0.3% INS可调节与骨骼肌发育相关的信号通路,如MAPK、Notch和Wnt。结论:INS的摄入有利于妊娠母猪的炎症和氧化状态,并进一步改善后代骨骼肌的发育特征。
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引用次数: 0
Bile Acid Supplementation Reduced Hepatic Lipid Deposition and Modulated Bile Acid Metabolism and the Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets 添加胆汁酸可减少断奶仔猪肝脏脂质沉积,调节胆汁酸代谢和肠道菌群。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.035
Yueqin Qiu , Shilong Liu , Li Wang , Zongyong Jiang , Xuefen Yang

Background

Early weaning may induce significant oxidative stress in piglets, potentially leading to hepatic lipid deposition and adversely affecting both metabolic health and growth.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the effect of bile acids (BA) supplementation on hepatic lipid metabolism in weaned piglets.

Method

Sixty-four 21-d-old weaned piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire); 8.21 ± 0.20 kg body weight] were randomly divided into 2 groups (8 pens per group, 2 castrated males and 2 females per pen). Piglets received either a control diet (CON) or CON supplemented with 500 mg BA per kilogram of diet (BA) for 14 d. Growth performance, hepatic lipid metabolism–related gene and protein expression, BA profiles in the liver and ileum, and ileal microbiota (16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing) were determined. Data were analyzed using 2-tailed unpaired t-tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results

Compared to the CON group, the BA group showed significant reductions in serum triglycerides (TG), serum total cholesterol, and hepatic TG (49.2%, 45.7%, and 40.7%, respectively; P < 0.05), alongside a 69.9% increase in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.05). BA supplementation significantly downregulated hepatic lipogenesis-related genes and proteins but upregulated lipolysis-related genes (P < 0.05). Hepatic lipidomics showed that BA supplementation increased phosphatidylcholine (83.0%), whereas reducing triacylglycerols (84.9%), sphingomyelins (54.7%), and diacylglycerols (73.2%) (P < 0.05). BA supplementation significantly increased hepatic conjugated BA (54.2%), cholic acid (162%), chenodeoxycholic acid (270%), and the hepatic expression of farnesoid X receptor (57.0%), small heterodimer partner (73.7%), and oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (110%) (P < 0.05). Additionally, BA supplementation significantly decreased the ileal abundance of Lactobacillus (14.38%) but increased the abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 (447%) and Blautia (134%) (P < 0.05). Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that hepatic BAs and ileal microbiota had strong correlations with serum total cholesterol and TG, hepatic TG, and lipogenesis-related genes.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that BA supplementation reduces hepatic lipid deposition in weaned piglets by modulating BA metabolism and gut microbiota composition.
背景:早期断奶可能引起仔猪显著的氧化应激,可能导致肝脏脂质沉积,并对代谢健康和生长产生不利影响。目的:研究添加胆汁酸(BA)对断奶仔猪肝脏脂质代谢的影响。方法:选用体重8.21±0.20 kg的21日龄断奶仔猪[durocx (Landrace×Yorkshire)] 64头,随机分为2组(8栏/组,去雄2头,母2头/栏)。仔猪分别饲喂对照饲粮(CON)和在对照饲粮中添加500 mg /kg胆汁酸(BA)的饲粮,为期14 d。测定生长性能、肝脏脂质代谢相关基因和蛋白表达、肝脏和回肠BA谱以及回肠微生物群(16S rRNA测序)。数据分析采用双尾非配对t检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验。结果:与CON组相比,BA组显著降低了断奶仔猪血清甘油三酯(TG)、血清总胆固醇(TC)和肝脏TG(分别为49.2%、45.7%和40.7%)。结论:添加BA可能通过调节胆汁酸代谢和肠道菌群组成来减少肝脏脂质沉积。
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Journal of Nutrition
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